JP3754359B2 - Lubrication cooling system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to the technical field of lubrication and cooling, and particularly relates to a lubrication and cooling device that sprays an oil film-attached water mist onto a blade in order to improve the effect of lubrication and cooling of the blade when cutting a metal material. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
While low pollution is strongly demanded, it is desirable that the amount of oil used is small and the effect is great in the lubrication and cooling between the blade and the workpiece during cutting. Therefore, recently, it has been proposed and widely practiced to spray an oil film formed on the surface of water droplets onto a cutting site, lubricate mainly with oil, and cool with moisture.
[0003]
As a method of forming the oil film-attached water mist, for example, there is one disclosed in JP 2000-218466. According to this method, an oil mist is generated by compressed air using the spraying principle, and the oil mist adheres to the surface of the water mist to form an oil film.
[0004]
The oil film adhering water mist generated by the method of the mist spray principle is relatively large and heavy with a water mist particle size of 100 to 700 μm. Therefore, even if the lubrication cooling site is located far away, it is concentrated by its inertia. Since the amount of oil that can be sprayed accurately and adheres to form an oil film is about 1 / 100th of water, the generation of oil smoke due to frictional heat such as cutting is relatively small.
[0005]
On the other hand, since the fine particles have a strong property of penetrating into the fine voids, the particle size of the oil film-attached water mist has been reduced.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the purpose of reducing the size of the water mist particles attached to the oil film is not only to promote low pollution, but also to precisely match the fine gaps in the predetermined part between the blade and the workpiece during cutting in the lubrication and cooling field. The oil film adhesion water mist is to penetrate.
[0007]
However, the particle size of oil mist and water mist generated by the principle of spraying using compressed air in the above-described known method differs in the state of occurrence of atomization depending on the operating conditions such as pressure and flow rate of the compressed air flow. Even if the variation of the conditions is small, a large difference appears in the diameter of the generated particles.
[0008]
In particular, the oil atomization by the known method is greatly influenced by the viscosity of the oil, and the particle size difference is also large. Those having a large oil particle diameter that circulates through the conducting tube have the disadvantage that they adhere to the conducting tube wall or sag, and the oil cannot be efficiently attached to the water mist.
[0009]
In order to make up for such drawbacks, other known examples, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-150294, in order to make the oil adhere to the water mist efficiently, the dripping oil is collected, a bypass passage is provided, and the squeezing is performed again. A method is used in which an oil mist layer is formed by re-atomizing with air to form a fine oil mist and then adhering to the water mist. In this measure, a double or triple re-oil atomization method is also proposed. However, even with this method, even if the oil atomization efficiency by the recovery of oil as a whole can be improved, the problem of water mist and variation in the diameter of the oil mist cannot be basically solved.
[0010]
Therefore, the variation in the diameter of the water mist does not reach the predetermined part intensively by spreading and reaching the spray area when the oil mist adhering to the oil film is ejected from the nozzle. The excessively adhered oil film leaves the problem of producing oily smoke.
[0011]
In view of such circumstances, the present invention generates a water mist and an oil mist having a very small diameter with almost no variation in diameter, and can accurately spray an oil film-attached water mist to a predetermined portion, even if the oil consumption is small. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus having an excellent lubrication and cooling effect.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The lubrication and cooling device of the present invention includes a metering liquid supply device that forms an oil film-attached water mist from water and oil, and quantifies water and oil at a predetermined ratio in order to eject the water mist from the nozzle. An ultrasonic device that generates ultrasonic mist by applying ultrasonic waves to the fixed amount of water and oil received from the supply device, the ultrasonic device is connected to a nozzle, and the ultrasonic device is A liquid retaining member that co-impregnates and holds water and oil or a liquid retaining tank that co-stores and a pore plate in which micropores of a predetermined diameter are formed, and the pore plate is in the liquid retaining member or the liquid retaining member The ultrasonic vibrator that is in contact with the coexisting liquid in the tank and is connected to the pore plate or the ultrasonic vibrator that is not connected to the pore plate is adapted to receive ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic generator. It is a feature. Thus, the water film-attached water mist formed by receiving ultrasonic waves of water and oil at a predetermined ratio is ejected from the nozzle and lubricates and cools a predetermined portion. In the above ultrasonic apparatus, the diameter of a large number of fine holes formed in the pore plate is determined corresponding to the particle diameter in order to determine a desired atomized particle diameter.
[0013]
In the present invention, the metering liquid supply device has a metered water supply device for metering water and a metering oil supply device for metering oil, and both feeding devices are connected to the ultrasonic device. Can do.
[0015]
It is desired that the oil film-attached water mist provides the optimum lubrication cooling effect with a minimum amount. To that end, the injection amount can be adjusted and set to the optimum value, and it must be kept constant. And each of the metered oil supply devices include a storage tank capable of replenishing water and oil from the outside, an air supply pipe for sending pressurized air to the storage tank, a delivery pipe for sending water and oil from the storage tank, and a delivery pipe It is desirable to have a regulating valve for the flow rate provided so that water and oil can be metered from the delivery pipe continuously or intermittently.
[0016]
In the present invention, in order to more accurately concentrate and inject the oil film adhering water mist even when the lubrication cooling part is at a far position, the nozzle device has a double jet outlet formed by the inner and outer nozzles, It is desirable that the inner nozzle communicates with a pipe from the ultrasonic device, and a pressurized air supply pipe is connected to the other outer nozzle. Further, it is desirable that the flow inside the inner and outer nozzles is a linear flow or a swirl flow. In particular, the swirl flow prevents a countercurrent action when the flow velocity of the oil film adhering water mist collides with a predetermined portion.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0018]
The lubrication cooling device according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes a metered liquid supply device 1, an ultrasonic device 30, and a nozzle device 40. Furthermore, the fixed amount supply device 1 includes a fixed amount water supply device 11 and a fixed amount oil supply device 21.
[0019]
The metered water supply device 11 and the metered oil supply device 21 are branched from an air supply pipe 2 connected to a pressure supply source (not shown) and connected to respective pneumatic controllers 12, 22 and an air supply pipe. 13, 23, storage tanks 14 and 24, and flow control valves 15 and 25 are connected. The air pressure controllers 12 and 22 give water and oil in the storage tanks 14 and 24, respectively, using air pressure controlled at a constant pressure that is always appropriate. The storage tanks 14 and 24 have a capacity for storing a predetermined amount of water and oil, respectively, and are sealed to the outside except that they communicate with the air supply pipes 13 and 23. Each can be replenished. The flow rate adjusting valves 15 and 25 can adjust the flow rates of water and oil, respectively, but can also be shut off.
[0020]
The flow rate adjusting valves 15 and 25 of the quantitative water supply device 11 and the quantitative oil supply device 21 communicate with the liquid delivery pipes 31 and 32, respectively, and the downstream end outlets of the liquid supply pipes 31 and 32 are the liquid retaining member 34 of the ultrasonic device 30 or The liquid holding tank 35 is faced, and water and oil at a constant flow rate are supplied to the liquid holding member 34 and / or the liquid holding tank.
[0021]
When the constant flow rate water and the constant flow rate oil are sequentially supplied to the liquid holding member 34 and the liquid holding tank 35 via the liquid delivery pipes 31 and 32, the liquid holding member 34 coexists with the impregnation or liquid holding tank 35. Water and oil coexisting with each other (hereinafter referred to as “liquid retention”) coexist in the same space so as to adhere to the surface of the water due to the difference in specific gravity and surface tension between water and oil.
[0022]
There are three types of ultrasonic devices applicable to the present invention: a pore plate type connected from an ultrasonic vibrating body, a Langeban type, and a nebulizer type. In this embodiment, a thin type connected from the ultrasonic vibrating body is used. A description will be given using a form of a hole plate system.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ultrasonic device 30 includes an ultrasonic oscillator 37, an ultrasonic vibrator 36, an ultrasonic vibrator 33 connected to the ultrasonic vibrator, and a thin piece connected from the ultrasonic vibrator 33. It has a hole plate 33a, a liquid retaining member 34, and a liquid retaining tank 35.
[0024]
The ultrasonic oscillator 37 can oscillate at a frequency in the range of, for example, 70 k to 2000 kHz, and the ultrasonic vibrator 36 and the ultrasonic vibrator 33 and the pore plate 33a connected to the ultrasonic vibrator 36 within the above frequency. The pore plate 33a is excited by the resonance frequency. The pore plate 33a is lightly in contact with the liquid retaining member 34 or the liquid retaining tank 35, and in this embodiment, a large number of pores having a pore diameter of about 100 μm are formed through the pore plate 33a. Has been.
[0025]
The ultrasonic vibrator 36 of the ultrasonic device 30 and the ultrasonic vibrator 33 and the pore plate 33a and the liquid retaining member 34 or the liquid retaining tank 35 connected to the ultrasonic vibrator 36 are respectively pressurized air. The atomizing air supply pipe 38 is connected to the nozzle device 40 via a pipe 39.
[0026]
The nozzle device 40 forms a double jet outlet having an inner nozzle 41 and an outer nozzle 42, both nozzles 41, 42 are arranged concentrically, and the jet flow from both nozzles 41, 42 is concentric at the outlet. It is positioned to join together. The inner nozzle 41 is connected to a pipe 39 from the atomizing air supply pipe 38, and the outer nozzle 42 is connected to an air supply pipe 43 connected to a pressurized air supply source (not shown). In the nozzles 41 and 42, the pipe 39 and the air supply pipe 43 are connected with a tangential component to the nozzle so that the flow in the inside forms a linear flow or a swirling flow, or a spiral surface is formed on the inner surface. It is preferable to provide it.
[0027]
In the apparatus of this embodiment, the oil film adhering water mist for lubricating cooling is generated as follows.
[0028]
{Circle around (1)} The storage tanks 14 and 24 are replenished so that, for example, water and oil sufficient for the daily use amount are retained. The air pressure controllers 12 and 22 and the flow rate adjusting valves 15 and 25 are adjusted in opening degree so that the flow rates of water and oil per unit time correspond to predetermined lubrication cooling conditions.
[0029]
(2) Air from the pressurized air supply source flows through the supply pipes 13 and 23 and pressurizes the water and oil in the storage tanks 14 and 24.
[0030]
{Circle around (3)} The water and oil sent out from the storage tanks 14, 24 by pressurization in the storage tank are constant flow water from the liquid delivery pipe 31 and constant flow oil from the liquid delivery pipe 32. Or, it is brought to the liquid retaining tank 35, and the oil retained in the liquid retaining member 34 is sequentially added to the surface of the water retaining (impregnated or stored water) by adding oil supplied to the water impregnated or stored in the liquid retaining tank 35. An oil film is formed to generate oil film water retention.
[0031]
(4) The ultrasonic vibrator 33 vibrates due to ultrasonic vibration from the ultrasonic vibrator 36. On the other hand, the pore plate 33 a connected to the ultrasonic vibrator 33 is in contact with the oil film water retained in the liquid retaining member 34 or the oil film water retained in the liquid retaining tank 35. An infinite number of fine holes are formed in the fine plate hole 33a. When the fine plate 33a vibrates, the oil film water impregnated in the liquid retaining member 34 or the oil film water retained in the liquid retention tank 35 becomes the fine plate. Atomized through countless fine holes 33a. The atomized water mist is discharged with an oil film attached. The released oil film-attached water mist is almost equal to the fine diameter of the pores, and there is almost no variation in the particle diameter. That is, the particle size is about 100 μm.
[0032]
(5) The oil film-attached water mist is ejected from the inner nozzle 41 of the nozzle device 40 through the pipe 39. This jet flow forms a sharp and thin beam along the inner surface of the inner nozzle 41 under the Coanda effect and maintains it as it is to reach a predetermined site far away. In this embodiment, the oil film itself is very thin, but the effect of water mist is great because its mass is relatively large. At that time, the jet air flow from the outer nozzle 42 escorts the jet flow from the inner nozzle 41 from the air resistance to promote the above effect. In particular, if the jet flow from both nozzles 41 and 42 is a swirl flow, it is possible to prevent the countercurrent action of the flow velocity that occurs when the flow velocity of the oil film-attached water mist collides with a predetermined site, effectively Let oil film adhesion water mist act on a predetermined part.
[0033]
In the apparatus of this embodiment, when an air flow is supplied under a pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa and a flow rate of 30 to 100 NL / min, the oil film adhering water mist is a distance of 100 mm or more from the tip of the inner nozzle 41 due to the Coanda effect. Inject up to. Further, the diameter of the flux of the oil film adhering water mist to be jetted is converged within 5 mm if the nozzle is the optimum outflow type.
[0034]
In addition, in the atomization method based on the principle of atomization using the conventional compressed air, the oil film adhesion water mist particle diameter varies in the range of 100 to 700 μm, but in the atomization method using the ultrasonic wave of the present invention, atomization is performed. The particle diameter is almost uniform with little variation.
[0035]
In the present embodiment, when the oil film-attached water mist to be used is set to 100 μm, the amount of liquid used is compared by both methods under the same cutting conditions. .When the amount used is 1 liter, the atomization method of the present invention using ultrasonic waves is 7.5 liters of water and 0.075 liters of oil, and there is little variation in particle diameter, and mixing of water mist and oil mist Efficiency increases as there is no process.
[0036]
In the present invention, the pore diameter of the pore plate 33a is 100 μm, but this is a preferred example, and 50 to 100 μm, and even 30 to 600 μm can be used.
[0037]
In the present embodiment, the ultrasonic vibrator vibrates at a frequency of 70 k to 2000 kHz. This is 7 k depending on the viscosity state of the oil, the ultrasonic vibrator and the pore plate, and the form of the ultrasonic device. It is preferable to change to ˜5000 kHz.
[0038]
The present invention is not limited to the ultrasonic device by the pore plate connected from the ultrasonic vibrator of FIGS. 1 and 2, and can be replaced by other two methods. For example, the nebulizer type atomizing ultrasonic apparatus shown in FIG. 3 and the nebulizer type shown in FIG. 3 can be used.
[0039]
In the Langevin method, the ultrasonic vibrating body 52 does not have a pore plate, but is separately fixed as the pore plate 50 and separated from the ultrasonic vibrating body 52, and the oil film water retention 56 is injected into the separated gap. The ultrasonic vibrator 53 and the ultrasonic vibrator 52 are integrated and have a resonance structure. When the ultrasonic vibrator 52 vibrates, the oil film water retention 56 vibrates, and the oil film water retention 56 flows out from the pores of the fixed pore plate 50 to generate the oil film adhesion water mist 59.
[0040]
In the nebulizer system, the ultrasonic vibrating body 62 is provided on the bottom surface of the liquid holding tank 61, the ultrasonic vibrating body 62 has no pore plate, and is fixed to the surface of the oil film water retaining 63 as the pore plate 60. When the ultrasonic vibrating body 62 located on the bottom surface vibrates, the oil film water retaining surface vibrates due to resonance, and the oil film water retaining water 63 ejects and is atomized 66 through the pores of the pore plate 60.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention receives supply of water and oil that are supplied in a fixed amount, forms an oil film on the water retaining surface on the liquid retaining member or the water retaining surface in the liquid retaining tank, and generates oil film water retaining. Can generate an oil film adhering water mist with extremely small particle size variation, and by using a nozzle having a double jet outlet, it can be accurately and intensively injected to a lubrication cooling site having a very narrow gap, which is an injection target, The amount of oil can be reduced as the oil film becomes thinner.
[0042]
Thus, not only the lubrication and cooling effect is improved, but also economically superior, the surroundings are less polluted with oil, and the environment can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a detailed view of the atomizing ultrasonic device of the apparatus of FIG. 1. FIG.
3 is an example using a Langeban method as another method applicable to the atomizing ultrasonic device of FIG. 1; FIG.
4 is an example using a nebulizer system as yet another system applicable to the atomizing ultrasonic apparatus of FIG. 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fixed_quantity | quantitative_solution supply apparatus 11 Fixed_quantity | quantitative_assay water supply apparatus 14 Storage tank 15 Flow rate adjustment valve 21 Fixed quantity oil supply apparatus 24 Storage tank 25 Flow rate adjustment valve 30 Ultrasonic apparatus 31 Water delivery pipe 32 Oil delivery pipe 33a Porous plate 34 Liquid retention member 35 Liquid retention Tank 40 Nozzle device 41 Inner nozzle 42 Outer nozzle 43 Air supply pipe 50 Fixed pore plate 54 Liquid retaining tank 60 Fixed pore plate 61 Liquid retaining tank

Claims (4)

In a lubrication and cooling device that forms an oil film-attached water mist from water and oil and ejects this from a nozzle, a quantitative liquid supply device that quantitatively supplies water and oil at a predetermined ratio, and a quantitative value received from the quantitative liquid supply device An ultrasonic device that applies ultrasonic waves to water and oil to generate an oil film-attached water mist, and the ultrasonic device is connected to a nozzle, and the ultrasonic device supplies water and oil. A liquid retaining member for coexisting impregnation or a liquid retaining tank for coexisting storage and a pore plate in which micropores of a predetermined diameter are formed, and the pore plate coexists in the liquid retaining member or in the fluid retaining tank. Lubrication characterized in that an ultrasonic vibrator that is in contact with the liquid and is connected to the pore plate or an ultrasonic vibrator that is not connected to the pore plate is adapted to receive ultrasonic waves from an ultrasonic generator. Cooling system.   The metering liquid supply device has a metered water supply device for metering water, and a metering oil supply device for metering oil, both of which are connected to an ultrasonic device. Lubrication cooling device.   Each of the metered water supply device and the metered oil supply device includes a storage tank that can replenish water and oil from the outside, an air supply pipe that sends pressurized air to the storage tank, a delivery pipe that sends water and oil from the storage tank, The lubrication cooling apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a flow rate adjusting valve provided in the delivery pipe, wherein each of water and oil can be supplied from the delivery pipe in a continuous or intermittent manner.   The lubrication according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle device has inner and outer nozzles forming a double jet port, one nozzle communicates with the ultrasonic device, and the other nozzle is connected with a pressurized air feed pipe. Cooling system.

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