JP3749074B2 - Opening and closing device for vehicle opening and closing body - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body, and more particularly to an opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body that is reduced in size and improved in comfort.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Such a device is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-71852, and has a structure in which a sector gear meshes with a pinion driven by a motor and swings. The other end of the rod having one end connected to the sector gear is connected to the back door of the vehicle. When the motor is rotated, the sector gear swings, and the back door is pushed and pulled through a rod connected to the sector gear to open and close.
[0003]
In such a prior art structure, one end of the rod is connected to a sector gear that swings in a horizontal plane. The other end of the rod connected to the back door swings up and down as the back door opens and closes. For this reason, ball joints are provided at both ends of the rod so as to follow the movement of the back door and the sector gear in different directions.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, providing a rod with a ball joint between the sector gear and the back door increases the number of parts of the entire apparatus, complicates the structure of the apparatus, and increases the number of manufacturing steps.
[0005]
The present invention has been made by paying attention to such a conventional technique, and can smoothly transmit the driving force from the motor to the opening and closing body without providing an additional member such as a rod, thereby reducing the number of parts. An object of the present invention is to provide an opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body with reduced manufacturing steps.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body in which an opening / closing body pivotally supported at one end is swingably opened / closed by a driving unit at an edge of an opening provided in the vehicle body. A motor that is attached to the inside of the vehicle body and that rotates forward and backward, a speed reduction mechanism that decelerates the rotation of the motor and outputs it as the rotation of the pinion, and can be meshed with the pinion by a tooth portion and can be moved and connected at one end to the opening / closing body. is composed of a rack made by the holding portion capable of abutting against the support member is disposed on the support surface opposite the teeth of the rack, provided on the speed reduction mechanism side, the rack is connected to the opening and closing member The one end side is disposed in an inclined state away from the inner surface of the vehicle body from the other end side, and can be tilted while the meshing with the pinion is maintained by the holding portion.
[0007]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the rack itself can swing in response to the swing of the back door, the rack can be directly connected to the opening / closing body, no extra members are required, and the number of parts is small. It is possible to provide an opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body that is reduced in the amount of man-hours for assembly. Further, since the rack is disposed in an inclined state with the end side of the rack away from the door, that is, the center side in the vehicle, approaching the inner surface of the vehicle body, the indoor living space can be widened.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the holding portion is pivotally supported by the speed reduction mechanism at the same swing center as the rotation center of the pinion.
[0009]
According to the invention described in claim 2, since the holding portion itself swings in a state in which the rack is securely held by the holding portion while maintaining the distance from the pinion, the engagement between the rack and the pinion is accurately maintained, Durability is improved.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the holding portion is integrally formed with the speed reduction mechanism, and the holding portion is provided with a single support member at a position facing the pinion.
[0011]
According to the invention described in claim 3, since the rack itself tilts, the number of parts can be further reduced, and the opening / closing device for the vehicle opening / closing body can be provided.
[0016]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a pressing member that presses the rack in a direction opposite to the pinion is fixed to the holding portion.
[0017]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the pressing member for pressing the rack in the direction opposite to the pinion is provided in the holding portion, the pinion and the tooth portion of the rack can always maintain an appropriate meshing margin, and also when the vehicle is running Since the rattling of the rack due to vibration can be suppressed, the generation of abnormal noise can be prevented.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the vehicle body 1 shown in FIG. 1, a back door 3 that closes the opening 2 is pivotally supported by a hinge 4 disposed at the upper edge of the opening 2. The hinge 4 has a hinge pin 4a supported in the horizontal direction, and the back door 3 can be opened and closed in the vertical direction around the hinge pin 4a. In the present embodiment, the swing angle of the back door 3 from the fully open position A to the fully closed position B is approximately 80 degrees. C is the neutral position of the back door 3. FR is the front side, RR is the rear side, UP is the upper side, and LWR is the lower side.
[0019]
A door lock device 5 that holds the back door 3 in the fully closed position B by being engaged with a striker (not shown) fixed to the vehicle body 1 side is disposed at the lower end of the back door 3. The door lock device 5 includes an actuator that releases the engagement of the lock electrically.
[0020]
Reference numeral 6 denotes an extendable gas stay having one end 6 a connected to the back door 3 and the other end 6 b connected to the vehicle body 1. Both ends 6 a, 6 b follow the opening and closing of the back door 3, It consists of joints. The gas stay 6 is filled with a compressed gas and is urged in the extending direction to generate an auxiliary urging force for opening and closing the back door 3. That is, the one end portion 6 a that is a connecting portion of the gas stay 6 to the back door 3 performs a swinging motion around the hinge pin 4 a of the back door 3. On the other hand, the other end 6b, which is the connecting portion of the gas stay 6 on the vehicle body 1 side, is pivotally supported, so that the one end 6a of the gas stay 6 is arcuate around the other end 6b due to the swinging of the back door 3. Do exercise. At this time, the one end 6a of the gas stay 6 expands and contracts while swinging with respect to the other end 6b. The neutral position C is the position where the opening biasing force by the gas stay 6 and the closing force due to the weight of the back door 3 are balanced and stopped.
[0021]
When the back door 3 is opened from the fully closed position B, the door lock device 5 is released, and the back door 3 is lifted until it exceeds the neutral position C. Thereafter, the urging force of the gas stay 6 leads to the fully opened position A. The door can be opened.
[0022]
When the back door 3 is swung in the closing direction from the fully open position A, the back door 3 is swung to the position beyond the neutral position against the urging force of the gas stay 6 in reverse to the opening operation, and exceeds the neutral position C. Then, since the urging force of the gas stay 6 acts in the closing direction, the back door 3 swings itself to the fully closed position B without applying the operating force in the closing direction. By cooperating with the action of the gas stay 6, the opening / closing device 8 described later can open and close the back door 3 even when the driving force is small.
[0023]
An opening / closing device 8 is attached to a roof panel 7 which is a roof at the rear end of the vehicle body 1 by a bracket 8a. The indoor side is covered with a trim (not shown). A speed reduction mechanism 11 to which a motor 10 capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions is attached is fixed to the bracket 8a.
[0024]
In the case 11a of the speed reduction mechanism 11, as shown in FIG. 8, a first speed reduction gear 11b, an electromagnetic clutch 11c that connects and disconnects transmission of driving force, a rotary encoder 11d that detects electric pulses, a second speed reduction gear 11e, a pinion 13, the pinion 13 has an output gear portion 13a protruding from the case 11a. The signal detected by the rotary encoder 11d is used for operation control of the opening / closing device 8.
[0025]
The tooth portion 14a of the rack 14 meshes with the output gear portion 13a of the pinion 13 protruding from the case 11a, and is held by the holding portion 15 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. The holding portion 15 is supported by the case 11a of the speed reduction mechanism 11 so as to be swingable at the same rotation center as that of the pinion 13, and a cover 16 is covered from the outside. Two rollers 17, 17 that hold the support surface 14 b of the rack 14 at equal intervals from the pinion 13 are rotatably supported at the lower portion of the holding portion 15. Reference numeral 17 a is a roller shaft that supports the roller 17. The cover 16 is fixed to the surface of the case 11a of the speed reduction mechanism 11 and the tip of the roller shaft 17a.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 5, reference numeral 18 denotes a front side slider formed of polyacetal resin, and is interposed between the rack 14 and the cover 16 so that the rack 14 moves smoothly. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 5, reference numeral 19 is a back-side slider formed of polyacetal resin having an elliptical ring shape, and is interposed between the holding portion 15 and the rack 14.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 10, a concave portion 15a is formed in the holding portion 15 provided with the elliptical ring-shaped back side slider 19 attached to the holding portion 15, and the concave portion 15a is made of rubber. A pressing member 20 is fixed. The pressing member 20 presses the rack 14 in the direction of the roller 17 so that a gap that is a meshing amount of the pinion 13 and the tooth portion 14a of the rack 14 is always properly maintained. The pressing member 20 of the present embodiment employs rubber, but is not limited to this, and any member that can press the rack 14 in the direction of the roller 17 may be used. For example, an elastic member such as a coil spring or a leaf spring. If it is a member which has, it can replace.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a connecting member 14 d is fixed to one end 14 c of the rack 14 by fixing means such as bolts or welding. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the connecting member 14 d protrudes outward from a hole 2 a formed in the peripheral edge of the opening 2 of the vehicle body 1, and is connected to the arm member 3 a and the shaft protruding to the indoor side above the back door 3. 14e is rotatably connected. In this embodiment, the connecting member 14d is a separate member from the rack 14, but this is because the rack 14 is a common part corresponding to multiple vehicle types, and the connecting member 14d is changed to correspond to a different vehicle type. The connecting member 14d can be integrated with the rack 14. Here, the rack 14, the motor 10, and the speed reduction mechanism 11 constitute a drive unit U.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 7, the opening / closing device 8 has a substantially L shape in plan view. That is, the rack 14 is provided along the front FR and rear RR directions of the vehicle body 1, and the motor 10 is attached in a direction orthogonal to the rack 14. According to this structure, the opening / closing device 8 can be disposed at the left and right corners at the rear end of the roof panel 7, and when attached, the drive unit U including the rack 14 and the motor 10 protruding to the room RM side is installed in the room. It is possible to avoid the portion where the person's head H is located and to contribute to the improvement of the comfort of the room RM, particularly the head clearance.
[0030]
The operation of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the back door 3 is in the fully closed position B. Here, when an operation switch (not shown) is operated in the opening direction, the motor 10 rotates in the forward direction and the pinion 13 is moved forward via the speed reduction mechanism 11. Roll. Then, the rack 14 meshed with the pinion 13 moves to the rear side RR as the pinion 13 rotates. At this time, the shaft 14e to which the connecting member 14d is connected moves rearward, and at the same time, moves upward along with the swinging motion about the hinge pin 4a of the door, and the back door 3 is fully opened as shown in FIG. Position A is reached. Due to the downward and upward movement of the shaft 14e, which is the connection point, the rear end of the rack 14 also acts to swing downward and upward via the connection member 14d. In response to this force, the holding portion 15 that holds the rack 14 swings to the front FR and the rear RR with respect to the case 11 a of the speed reduction mechanism 11 with the rotation center of the pinion 13 as the swing center.
[0031]
As a result, as the rack 14 supported by the holding portion 15 moves to the rear side RR, the one end portion 14c performs a swinging motion, and follows the swinging locus of the shaft 14e that is a connection point with the back door 3. It is possible to follow smoothly. In the present embodiment, the swinging angle of the holding portion 15 corresponding to the fully closed position B from the fully open position A of the back door 3 is about 10 degrees. As for the tilt angle of the rack 14, the tangent line between the pitch circle of the pinion 13 and the rotation locus of the shaft 14e is set to the maximum tilt, and the tilt angle is decreased otherwise.
[0032]
In the above, the situation of driving from the fully closed position B to the fully open position A has been described. However, when driving from the fully open position A to the fully closed position B, only the process proceeds in the opposite direction, and the description is omitted.
[0033]
Next, a second embodiment will be described based on FIGS. 11 to 15. In addition, about the structure which is common in 1st Embodiment, a common code | symbol is provided and description is abbreviate | omitted about an overlapping part.
[0034]
An opening / closing device 28 is attached to the roof panel 7 at the rear end of the vehicle body 1 by a bracket (not shown). The room RM side is covered with a trim (not shown). A speed reduction mechanism 11 to which a motor capable of forward and reverse rotation is attached is fixed to the bracket.
[0035]
One roller 37 that holds the support surface 14b of the rack 14 is rotatably supported at a position facing the pinion 13 of the case 11a of the speed reduction mechanism 11. Reference numeral 37 a is a roller shaft that supports the roller 37. The cover 36 is fixed to the ends of the case 11a and the roller shaft 37a.
[0036]
The code | symbol 38 is a front side slider shape | molded with the polyacetal resin, and is interposed between the rack 14 and the cover 36 so that the rack 14 may move smoothly. Reference numeral 39 denotes a back-side slider formed of polyacetal resin having an elliptical ring shape, and is interposed between the case 11 a and the rack 14.
[0037]
As shown in FIG. 15, a recess 11f is formed on the surface of the case 11a on which the elliptical ring-shaped back side slider 39 attached to the case 11a of the speed reduction mechanism 11 is disposed. A pressing member 40 made of rubber is fixed. The pressing member 40 presses the rack 14 in the direction of the roller 37 so that a gap that is an engagement margin between the pinion 13 and the tooth portion 14a of the rack 14 is always properly maintained. The pressing member 40 of the present embodiment employs rubber, but is not limited thereto, and any member that can press the rack 14 in the direction of the roller 37 may be used. For example, a coil spring or a leaf spring may be used. Any member having elasticity can be replaced.
[0038]
The operation of the second embodiment will be described. In FIG. 11, when the back door 3 is in the fully closed position B and an operation switch (not shown) in the opening direction is operated here, the motor rotates normally and the pinion 13 rotates normally via the speed reduction mechanism 11. . Then, the rack 14 meshed with the pinion 13 moves to the rear side RR as the pinion 13 rotates.
[0039]
A connecting member 14d is fixed to one end 14c of the rack 14 by welding. The connecting member 14d protrudes to the outside through a hole 2a formed in the periphery of the opening 2 of the vehicle body 1, and is rotatably connected to the upper portion of the back door 3 by an arm member 3a protruding to the room RM side and a shaft 14e. . In this embodiment, the connecting member 14d is a separate member from the rack 14, but this is because the rack 14 is a common part corresponding to multiple vehicle types, and the connecting member 14d is changed to correspond to a different vehicle type. In addition, the connecting member 14 d can be integrated with the rack 14.
[0040]
At this time, the shaft 14e to which the connecting member 14d is connected moves to the rear side RR, and at the same time, also moves in the UP direction along with the swinging motion about the hinge pin 4a of the back door 3, and the back door 3 This reaches the fully open position A shown in FIG. The situation of driving from the fully closed position B to the fully open position A has been described above. However, when driving from the fully open position A to the fully closed position B, only the opposite process is performed, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
[0041]
Due to the upward movement of the shaft 14e, the lifting force acts on the upper end UP of the rack 14 via the connecting member 14d. At this time, the rack 14 is sandwiched between the pinion 13 and the one roller 37 located at the position facing the pinion 13, so that the rack 14 is not prevented from tilting. This is the range of the gap set for meshing between the pinion 13 and the tooth portion 14a of the rack 14, and the rack 14 tilts, and as the rack 14 tilts, the gap slightly decreases. In the tilt angle (10 degrees) of the rack 14 according to the present embodiment, the clearance is slightly reduced and does not adversely affect the meshing between the pinion 13 and the tooth portion 14a of the rack 14. As a result, as the rack 14 moves to the rear side RR, the one end portion 14c tilts to the upper side UP and can smoothly follow the swinging locus of the shaft 14e that is the connection point with the back door 3. .
[0042]
According to the second embodiment, since the rack 14 tilts, the number of parts is less than that of the first embodiment, and a further simplified opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body can be provided. .
[0043]
In both the first and second embodiments, an example in which the present invention is applied to the opening / closing device of the back door 3 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and opening / closing of other vehicle doors such as side doors is possible. It is also applicable to the device.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the rack itself can swing in response to the swing of the back door, the rack can be directly connected to the opening / closing body, no extra members are required, and the number of parts is small. It is possible to provide an opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body that is reduced in the amount of man-hours for assembly. Further, since the rack is disposed in an inclined state with the end side of the rack away from the door, that is, the center side in the vehicle, approaching the inner surface of the vehicle body, the indoor living space can be widened.
[0045]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the holding portion itself swings in a state in which the rack is securely held by the holding portion while maintaining the distance from the pinion, so that the engagement between the rack and the pinion is maintained with high accuracy and is durable. Improves.
[0046]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the rack itself tilts, the number of parts can be further reduced, and an opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body that can be simplified can be provided.
[0049]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the pressing member for pressing the rack in the direction opposite to the pinion is provided in the holding portion, the pinion and the tooth portion of the rack can always maintain an appropriate meshing margin, and also when the vehicle is running Since the rattling of the rack due to vibration can be suppressed, the generation of abnormal noise can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a vehicle equipped with a switchgear according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a fully closed position of the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a fully opened position of the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an attachment state of the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention to the vehicle.
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a drive unit of the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a partial side view showing a state where a cover is removed from the drive unit of the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a partial side view showing a state in which the cover and the rack are removed from the drive unit of the switchgear according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a side view showing a fully closed position of the switchgear according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a side view showing a fully opened position of the switchgear according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a switchgear according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a partial side view showing a state in which a cover is removed from the drive unit of the switchgear according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a partial side view showing a state in which a cover and a rack are removed from the drive unit of the switchgear according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Car body 2 Opening 3 Back door (opening / closing body)
4a Hinge pin (shaft)
7 Roof panel (roof)
8 Opening / closing device 10 Motor 11 Deceleration mechanism 13 Pinion 14 Rack
14a Rack teeth
14b Rack support surface
14c One end of the rack 15 Holding part 17, 37 Roller (support member)
20, 40 Pressing member U Drive unit

Claims (4)

In an opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body in which an opening / closing body pivotally supported at one end is pivotally opened / closed by a drive unit at an edge of an opening provided in a vehicle body,
The drive unit is mounted on the inner side of the vehicle body and rotates forward and reverse, a reduction mechanism that decelerates the rotation of the motor and outputs it as rotation of the pinion, and engages and moves with the pinion by the tooth portion, and opens and closes one end. Composed of racks connected to the body,
A holding portion provided with a support member capable of contacting the support surface on the opposite side of the tooth portion of the rack is provided on the speed reduction mechanism side;
The rack is arranged such that one end connected to the opening / closing body is inclined with a distance from the inner surface of the vehicle body from the other end , and the rack can be tilted while maintaining engagement with the pinion. An opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body. The opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body according to claim 1,
The opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body, wherein the holding portion is pivotally supported by the speed reduction mechanism at the same swing center as the rotation center of the pinion. The opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body according to claim 1,
The holding portion is integrally formed with the speed reduction mechanism,
An opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body, wherein the holding portion is provided with a single support member at a position facing the pinion. A switchgear a closure for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An opening / closing device for a vehicle opening / closing body, wherein a pressing member that presses the rack in a direction opposite to the pinion is fixed to a holding portion .

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