JP3733608B2 - Powder paint - Google Patents

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JP3733608B2
JP3733608B2 JP03952495A JP3952495A JP3733608B2 JP 3733608 B2 JP3733608 B2 JP 3733608B2 JP 03952495 A JP03952495 A JP 03952495A JP 3952495 A JP3952495 A JP 3952495A JP 3733608 B2 JP3733608 B2 JP 3733608B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
resin
powder
group
parts
phenol
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JP03952495A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH08231895A (en
Inventor
輝樹 相沢
康之 平井
愛彦 佐藤
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Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
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Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、粉体塗料に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
粉体塗装は、無溶剤の合成樹脂を塗膜形成要素とし、これに、充填剤、その他必要な添加剤をブレンドし、熱溶融分散後、粉末にした粉体塗料を被塗物の表面に散布し、加熱によって塗膜を形成させる塗装方法である。塗装方法としては、溶射法、流動浸漬法、静電流動浸漬法静電粉体吹き付け法等がある。
【0003】
このうち、熱硬化性樹脂を塗膜形成要素としたものは、機械的強さ、防食性、耐候性に優れており、電気製品や電子部品の塗装にひろく用いられている。
現在塗膜形成要素として用いられている熱硬化性樹脂は、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、熱硬化性アクリル樹脂等である。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、電気製品や電子部品が小型化し、その使用条件も過酷なものとなっている。特に、高温高湿下においても性能が劣化しないようなものが要求される。
高温高湿下における電気製品や電子部品の性能劣化は、主として、電気製品や電子部品を保護する塗装の膜を通して侵入する水分によることが多い。
この点を解決するためには、高温高湿に曝されたときの吸水率を低くすればよい。本発明は、高温高湿に曝されたときの吸水率が低く、耐熱性のよい塗膜を形成できる粉体塗料を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、高温高湿に曝されたときの吸水率が低い塗膜形成要素材料について種々検討探索した結果、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環を構造中に含む耐熱性樹脂がこのような目的にかなうものであることを見出した。
本発明は、化2の式Aで表される構造単位及び式Bで表される構造単位を含み、A/Bがモル比で1/(0.25〜9)である、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環を構造中に含む耐熱性樹脂を塗膜形成要素としてなる粉体塗料である。
【化2】

Figure 0003733608
但し、Rはメチル基、シクロヘキシル基、フェニル基又は置換フェニル基であり
、A及びBの芳香環の水素は、Aのヒドロキシル基のオルト位の一つを除き、任意の置換基で置換されていてもよい。
【0006】
構造中にジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環を含む樹脂は、フェノール性水酸基を有する化合物、1級アミン及びホルマリンから次の化3に示す反応によって合成される。
【0007】
【化3】
Figure 0003733608
【0008】
合成条件の一例を示すと、フェノール性水酸基を有する化合物と1級アミンとの混合物を70℃以上に加熱したアルデヒド中に添加して、70〜110℃、好ましくは、90〜100℃で20〜120分反応させ、その後120℃以下の温度で減圧乾燥する。
【0009】
この反応の原料となるフェノール性水酸基を有する化合物としては、フェノールノボラック樹脂、レゾール樹脂、フェノール変性キシレン樹脂、アルキルフェノール樹脂、メラミンフェノール樹脂、ポリブタジエン変性フェノール樹脂等のフェノール樹脂、ビスフェノール化合物、ビフェノール化合物、トリスフェノール化合物、テトラフェノール化合物などが使用される。
【0010】
得られた樹脂の硬化物は、高温高湿に曝されたときの吸水率が低く、硬化特性、強度、耐熱性の点で優れている。
【0011】
各構造単位の数は、特に制限はないが、1分子中に含まれる構造単位(A)の数をm、構造単位(B)の数をnとするとき、m≧1、n≧1で(m+n)≧2であればよく、10≧m+n≧3であることが望ましい。各構造単位は、直接結合していてもよく、有機の基を介して結合していてもよい。有機の基としては、アルキレン基、キシリレン基などが挙げられ、アルキレン基としては、例えば、炭素数5以上の長鎖アルキレン基などが挙げられる。
(m+n)が10を超えるとこ、溶融粘度が高くなりよくない。m=n=1では、硬化物の架橋密度が小さく耐熱性が低いものしか得られない。またゲルタイムも長くなる。
【0012】
また、1級アミンとしては、具体的にメチルアミン、シクロヘキシルアミン、アニリン、置換アニリン等が挙げられる。脂肪族アミンを用いると得られた熱硬化性樹脂の硬化が速いが硬化物の耐熱性がやや劣り、アニリンの様な芳香族アミンを用いると得られた硬化物の耐熱性はよいが硬化が遅くなる。
【0013】
顔料としては、ジルコン粉末、石英ガラス粉末、タルク粉末、炭酸カルシウム粉末、マグネシア粉末、ケイ酸カルシウム粉末、シリカ粉末等公知の無機充填剤が単独で又は併用される。
配合割合は、樹脂100部(重量部)当たり10〜300部が好適である。粒径は、適宜選択することができる。
【0014】
以上の材料を所定の配合量にて混合した後、ニーダー等により混合するか、エクストルーダー等による溶融混合し、冷却後粉砕して粉体塗料を得る。
【0015】
【実施例】
樹脂Aの製造
(1)フェノールノボラック樹脂の合成
フェノール1.9kg、ホルマリン(37%水溶液)1.0kg、しゅう酸4gを5リットルフラスコに仕込み、還流温度で6時間反応させた。引き続き、内部を6666.1Pa以下に減圧して未反応のフェノール及び水を除去した。得られた樹脂は軟化点84℃(環球法)、3〜多核体/2核体比82/18(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィ−によるピーク面積比)であった。
(2)ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環の導入
上記により合成したフェノールノボラック樹脂1.70kg(ヒドロキシル基16mol相当)をアニリン0.93kg(10mol相当)と混合し80℃で5時間撹拌し均一な混合溶液を調整した。5リットルフラスコ中に、ホルマリン1.62kgを仕込み90℃に加熱し、ここへノボラック/アニリン混合溶液を30分間かけて少しずつ添加した。
【0016】
添加終了後30分間、還流温度に保ち、然る後に100℃で2時間6666.1Pa以下に減圧して縮合水を除去し、反応し得るヒドロキシル基の71%がジヒドロベンゾオキサジン化された熱硬化性化合物を得た。上記(1)により合成したフェノールノボラック樹脂1.70kg(ヒドロキシル基16mol相当)をアニリン1.4kg(16mol相当)、ホルマリン2.59kgと同様に反応させ、反応し得るヒドロキシル基の全てにジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環が導入された熱硬化性化合物を合成した。過剰のアニリンやホルマリンは乾燥中に除かれ、この熱硬化性化合物を合成した。過剰のアニリンやホルマリンは乾燥中に除かれ、この熱硬化性化合物の収量は、3.34kgであった。これは、フェノールノボラック樹脂のヒドロキシル基のうち14molが反応し、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環化したことを示している。これから、得られた熱硬化性化合物は、反応し得るヒドロキシル基の14molのうち10mol(=71%)がジヒドロベンゾオキサジン化したものであると推定される。
【0017】
樹脂Bの製造
(1)フェノールノボラック樹脂の合成
フェノール1.90kg、ホルマリン(37%水溶液)1.15kg、しゅう酸4gを5リットルフラスコに仕込み、実施例1と同様にしてフェノールノボラック樹脂を合成した。得られた樹脂は軟化点89℃(環球法)、3〜多核体/2核体比89/11(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーによるピーク面積比)であった。
(2)ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環の導入
以下実施例1と同様にしてジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環を導入した。得られた熱硬化性化合物は、フェノールノボラック樹脂の、反応し得るヒドロキシル基の75%にジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環が導入されたものであった。
【0018】
樹脂Cの製造
キシリレン変性フェノール樹脂(三井東圧化学株式会社製商品名ミレックスXL−225−3L)1.70kg(ヒドロキシル基10mol相当)、アニリン0.52kg(5.6mol)、ホルマリン0.91kgの配合で、樹脂Aと同様にジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環が導入された熱硬化性化合物を合成した。キシリレン変性フェノール樹脂について、反応し得るヒドロキシル基量は、次の通りにして算出した。キシリレン変性フェノール樹脂1.70kg(ヒドロキシル基10mol相当)、アニリン0.93kg(10mol相当)、ホルマリン1.62kgの配合でジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環が導入された熱硬化性化合物2.62kgを得た。過剰のアニリンやホルマリンは乾燥中に除かれた。この収量から反応し得るヒドロキシル基量は7.9molと求められる。これから、得られた熱硬化性化合物は、反応し得るヒドロキシル基の7.9molのうち5.6mol(=71%)がジヒドロベンゾオキサジン化したものであると推定される。
【0019】
樹脂Dの製造
アニリンに代えて、アニリン0.70kgとトルイジン0.27kgの混合物を用い、以下樹脂Aと同様にして、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環が導入された熱硬化性化合物を得た。得られた熱硬化性化合物は、フェノールノボラック樹脂の反応し得るヒドロキシル基の71%にジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環が導入されたものであった。
【0020】
実施例1
樹脂Aの粉砕物70部(重量部、以下同じ)と平均粒径15μmのシリカ粉末30部を混合し、ニーダーで混練し、冷却後粉砕して粉体塗料を得た。
【0021】
実施例2
樹脂Bの粉砕物70部とシリカ粉末30部を混合し、ニーダーで混練し、冷却後粉砕して粉体塗料を得た。
【0022】
実施例3
樹脂Cの粉砕物70部とシリカ粉末30部を混合し、ニーダーで混練し、冷却後粉砕して粉体塗料を得た。
【0023】
実施例4
樹脂Dの粉砕物70部とシリカ粉末30部を混合し、ニーダーで混練し、冷却後粉砕して粉体塗料を得た。
【0024】
比較例
重量比でo−クレゾールノボラックエポキシ樹脂が100、ノボラック樹脂が43、イミダゾールが1のエポキシ樹脂組成物70部と、シリカ粉末30部を混合し、ニーダーで混練し、冷却後粉砕して粉体塗料を得た。
【0025】
得られた粉体塗料を、160℃に熱した鉄板上に散布し、ついで、180℃で30分間加熱して硬化させた。この試験片を、120℃、2026hPaで飽和水蒸気圧のプレッシャークッカーテスター中に3時間保持し、保持前後の重量変化から吸水率を求めた。また、塗膜のガラス転移温度を、示差走査熱量計を用いて測定した。その結果を表1に示す。
【0026】
【表1】
Figure 0003733608
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明の粉体塗料は、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環を含む樹脂を塗膜形成要素としたので、高温高湿に曝されたときの吸水率が低く、耐熱性のよい塗膜を形成できるものである。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a powder coating material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In powder coating, solvent-free synthetic resin is used as a film-forming element, and fillers and other necessary additives are blended into this, and after hot-melt dispersion, powdered powder coating is applied to the surface of the object. It is a coating method in which a coating film is formed by spraying and heating. Examples of the coating method include thermal spraying, fluid dipping, electrostatic fluid dipping, electrostatic powder spraying, and the like.
[0003]
Among these, those using a thermosetting resin as a coating film forming element are excellent in mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and weather resistance, and are widely used for coating electrical products and electronic parts.
Thermosetting resins currently used as coating film forming elements are epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, thermosetting acrylic resins, and the like.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, electric products and electronic parts have been downsized, and the use conditions have become severe. In particular, a material whose performance does not deteriorate even under high temperature and high humidity is required.
The performance deterioration of electrical products and electronic components under high temperature and high humidity is mainly due to moisture entering through the coating film protecting the electrical products and electronic components.
In order to solve this point, the water absorption rate when exposed to high temperature and high humidity may be lowered. An object of this invention is to provide the powder coating material which can form a coating film with low water absorption when exposed to high temperature and high humidity and good heat resistance.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various investigations and searches for a film-forming element material having a low water absorption rate when exposed to high temperature and high humidity, the present inventors have achieved such a purpose by using a heat-resistant resin having a dihydrobenzoxazine ring in its structure. I found out that it was.
The present invention includes a dihydrobenzoxazine ring containing a structural unit represented by Formula A in Chemical Formula 2 and a structural unit represented by Formula B, wherein A / B is 1 / (0.25 to 9) in molar ratio. Is a powder coating material comprising a heat-resistant resin containing in the structure as a coating film forming element.
[Chemical 2]
Figure 0003733608
However, R is a methyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group
, A and B of the aromatic ring may be substituted with any substituent except for one of the ortho positions of the hydroxyl group of A.
[0006]
A resin containing a dihydrobenzoxazine ring in the structure is synthesized from a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group, a primary amine and formalin by the reaction shown in the following chemical formula 3 .
[0007]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0003733608
[0008]
As an example of the synthesis conditions, a mixture of a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and a primary amine is added to an aldehyde heated to 70 ° C. or higher, and is 70 to 110 ° C., preferably 90 to 100 ° C. and 20 to 20 ° C. The reaction is performed for 120 minutes, and then dried under reduced pressure at a temperature of 120 ° C. or lower.
[0009]
Examples of the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group used as a raw material for this reaction include phenol novolac resins, resole resins, phenol-modified xylene resins, alkylphenol resins, melamine phenol resins, polybutadiene-modified phenol resins, phenol resins, bisphenol compounds, biphenol compounds, tris. Phenol compounds, tetraphenol compounds, etc. are used.
[0010]
The obtained cured resin has a low water absorption when exposed to high temperature and high humidity, and is excellent in terms of curing characteristics, strength, and heat resistance.
[0011]
The number of each structural unit is not particularly limited. When m is the number of structural units (A) contained in one molecule and n is the number of structural units (B), m ≧ 1 and n ≧ 1. (M + n) ≧ 2 is sufficient, and it is desirable that 10 ≧ m + n ≧ 3. Each structural unit may be directly bonded or may be bonded via an organic group. Examples of the organic group include an alkylene group and a xylylene group. Examples of the alkylene group include a long-chain alkylene group having 5 or more carbon atoms.
When (m + n) exceeds 10, the melt viscosity is not likely to be high. When m = n = 1, only a cured product having a low crosslinking density and low heat resistance can be obtained. Moreover, gel time also becomes long.
[0012]
Specific examples of the primary amine include methylamine, cyclohexylamine, aniline, and substituted aniline. When the aliphatic amine is used, the resulting thermosetting resin cures quickly, but the cured product is slightly inferior in heat resistance, and when an aromatic amine such as aniline is used, the obtained cured product has good heat resistance but cures. Become slow.
[0013]
As the pigment, known inorganic fillers such as zircon powder, quartz glass powder, talc powder, calcium carbonate powder, magnesia powder, calcium silicate powder and silica powder are used alone or in combination.
The blending ratio is preferably 10 to 300 parts per 100 parts (parts by weight) of the resin. The particle size can be selected as appropriate.
[0014]
The above materials are mixed in a predetermined blending amount, then mixed with a kneader or the like, or melt mixed with an extruder or the like, cooled and pulverized to obtain a powder coating material.
[0015]
【Example】
Production of Resin A (1) Synthesis of Phenol Novolak Resin 1.9 kg of phenol, 1.0 kg of formalin (37% aqueous solution) and 4 g of oxalic acid were charged into a 5 liter flask and reacted at reflux temperature for 6 hours. Subsequently, the internal pressure was reduced to 6666.1 Pa or less to remove unreacted phenol and water. The obtained resin had a softening point of 84 ° C. (ring ball method) and a 3-polynuclear / 2-nucleus ratio of 82/18 (peak area ratio by gel permeation chromatography).
(2) Introduction of dihydrobenzoxazine ring 1.70 kg of phenol novolak resin synthesized above (equal to 16 mol of hydroxyl group) was mixed with 0.93 kg of aniline (equivalent to 10 mol) and stirred at 80 ° C. for 5 hours to prepare a uniform mixed solution. did. Into a 5 liter flask, 1.62 kg of formalin was charged and heated to 90 ° C., and the novolak / aniline mixed solution was added little by little over 30 minutes.
[0016]
After completion of the addition, the temperature is maintained at the reflux temperature for 30 minutes, and then the pressure is reduced to 6666.1 Pa or less at 100 ° C. for 2 hours to remove the condensed water, and 71% of the reactive hydroxyl group is dihydrobenzoxazine converted to thermosetting. The resulting compound was obtained. 1.70 kg of phenol novolak resin synthesized according to the above (1) (equivalent to 16 mol of hydroxyl group) is reacted in the same manner as 1.4 kg of aniline (equivalent to 16 mol) and 2.59 kg of formalin, and all the hydroxyl groups that can be reacted with dihydrobenzoxazine A thermosetting compound having a ring introduced therein was synthesized. Excess aniline and formalin were removed during drying to synthesize this thermosetting compound. Excess aniline and formalin were removed during drying, and the yield of this thermosetting compound was 3.34 kg. This indicates that 14 mol of the hydroxyl group of the phenol novolac resin reacted and cyclized with dihydrobenzoxazine. From this, it is presumed that the obtained thermosetting compound is obtained by dihydrobenzoxazine conversion of 10 mol (= 71%) out of 14 mol of the hydroxyl group capable of reacting.
[0017]
Production of Resin B (1) Synthesis of Phenol Novolak Resin 1.90 kg of phenol, 1.15 kg of formalin (37% aqueous solution) and 4 g of oxalic acid were charged into a 5 liter flask, and a phenol novolac resin was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1. . The obtained resin had a softening point of 89 ° C. (ring and ball method) and a 3-polynuclear / 2-nucleus ratio of 89/11 (peak area ratio by gel permeation chromatography).
(2) Introduction of dihydrobenzoxazine ring A dihydrobenzoxazine ring was introduced in the same manner as in Example 1. The obtained thermosetting compound was a phenol novolak resin in which a dihydrobenzoxazine ring was introduced into 75% of the reactive hydroxyl groups.
[0018]
Production of Resin C 1.70 kg (equivalent to 10 mol of hydroxyl group) of xylylene-modified phenolic resin (trade name Mirex XL-225-3L manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), 0.52 kg (5.6 mol) of aniline, 0.91 kg of formalin A thermosetting compound in which a dihydrobenzoxazine ring was introduced in the same manner as resin A was synthesized. For the xylylene-modified phenol resin, the amount of hydroxyl groups that can be reacted was calculated as follows. A thermosetting compound 2.62 kg into which a dihydrobenzoxazine ring was introduced was obtained by blending 1.70 kg of xylylene-modified phenol resin (equivalent to 10 mol of hydroxyl group), 0.93 kg of aniline (equivalent to 10 mol) and 1.62 kg of formalin. Excess aniline and formalin were removed during drying. The amount of hydroxyl groups that can react from this yield is determined to be 7.9 mol. From this, it is estimated that 5.6 mol (= 71%) of the 7.9 mol of the reactive hydroxyl group was dihydrobenzoxazine in the obtained thermosetting compound.
[0019]
Production of Resin D Instead of aniline, a mixture of 0.70 kg of aniline and 0.27 kg of toluidine was used, and a thermosetting compound into which a dihydrobenzoxazine ring was introduced was obtained in the same manner as Resin A. The obtained thermosetting compound was obtained by introducing a dihydrobenzoxazine ring into 71% of the hydroxyl groups capable of reacting with the phenol novolac resin.
[0020]
Example 1
70 parts (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter) of the pulverized resin A and 30 parts of silica powder having an average particle diameter of 15 μm were mixed, kneaded with a kneader, pulverized after cooling to obtain a powder coating material.
[0021]
Example 2
70 parts of the pulverized resin B and 30 parts of silica powder were mixed, kneaded with a kneader, cooled and pulverized to obtain a powder coating material.
[0022]
Example 3
70 parts of the pulverized resin C and 30 parts of silica powder were mixed, kneaded with a kneader, cooled and pulverized to obtain a powder coating material.
[0023]
Example 4
70 parts of the pulverized resin D and 30 parts of silica powder were mixed, kneaded with a kneader, cooled and pulverized to obtain a powder coating material.
[0024]
Comparative Example 70 parts of an epoxy resin composition containing 100 parts of o-cresol novolac epoxy resin, 43 parts of novolak resin and 1 part of imidazole, and 30 parts of silica powder were mixed, kneaded with a kneader, cooled and pulverized into powder. A body paint was obtained.
[0025]
The obtained powder coating material was spread on an iron plate heated to 160 ° C., and then heated at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to be cured. This test piece was held in a pressure cooker tester with saturated water vapor pressure at 120 ° C. and 2026 hPa for 3 hours, and the water absorption was determined from the weight change before and after holding. Moreover, the glass transition temperature of the coating film was measured using the differential scanning calorimeter. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0026]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003733608
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
Since the powder coating material of the present invention uses a resin containing a dihydrobenzoxazine ring as a coating film forming element, it has a low water absorption when exposed to high temperature and high humidity, and can form a coating film having good heat resistance. .

Claims (1)

化1の式Aで表される構造単位及び式Bで表される構造単位を含み、A/Bがモル比で1/(0.25〜9)である、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン環を構造中に含む耐熱性樹脂を塗膜形成要素としてなる粉体塗料。
Figure 0003733608
但し、Rはメチル基、シクロヘキシル基、フェニル基又は置換フェニル基であり、A及びBの芳香環の水素は、Aのヒドロキシル基のオルト位の一つを除き、任意の置換基で置換されていてもよい。
A dihydrobenzoxazine ring containing the structural unit represented by Formula A in Chemical Formula 1 and the structural unit represented by Formula B, wherein A / B is 1 / (0.25 to 9) in molar ratio. A powder coating comprising a heat-resistant resin containing a coating film forming element.
Figure 0003733608
However, R is a methyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group, and the hydrogen of the aromatic ring of A and B is substituted with an arbitrary substituent except for one of the ortho positions of the hydroxyl group of A. May be.
JP03952495A 1995-02-28 1995-02-28 Powder paint Expired - Fee Related JP3733608B2 (en)

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JP4779379B2 (en) * 2005-02-25 2011-09-28 三菱化学株式会社 Epoxy resin composition for powder coating

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US4507428A (en) * 1984-02-17 1985-03-26 Monsanto Company Aqueous dispersions of polyamines and poly(dihydrobenzoxazines)
US4557979A (en) * 1984-02-17 1985-12-10 Monsanto Company Process for deposition of resin dispersions on metal substrates
US4501864A (en) * 1983-12-22 1985-02-26 Monsanto Company Polymerizable compositions comprising polyamines and poly(dihydrobenzoxazines)

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