JP3732976B2 - Fire and smoke shutter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fireproof smokeproof shutter that is provided with an evacuation door on a fireproof screen made of glass fiber or the like so that a person can easily pass therethrough and can prevent the spread of fire and the diffusion of smoke.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional fire and smoke / shutter, a screen device for a fire prevention compartment according to JP-A-10-33705 is known. As shown in FIG. 10, the screen unit for the fire protection section is installed from the ceiling or under the beam, and has a non-combustible or fireproof screen 50 that shields the interior space of the building. The fireproof screen 50 has a vertical direction. There is one slit portion 51 formed so as to reach the lower end, and the fireproof screen 50 is divided into right and left. Main weight bars 52 and 53 are attached to the lower end of the fireproof screen 50 in the horizontal direction except for the left and right predetermined length portions of the slit portion 51. In addition, left and right independent sub-weight bars 54 and 55 are horizontally attached to left and right predetermined length portions of the slit portion 51 at the lower end of the fireproof screen 50.
[0003]
Therefore, according to the screen device for a fire prevention section, an evacuating person can easily push the slit portion 51 by hand, and after evacuating, the slit portion 51 is fireproofed by the gravity of the subweight bars 54 and 55. Returning to the left and right predetermined length portions of the slit portion 51 at the lower end of 50, the slit portion 51 is closed, and after that, it is possible to prevent the spread of fire and the diffusion of smoke.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the experiment reproducing the screen device for the fire protection section, it is difficult to keep the slit portion 51 in the closed state only by the gravity of the subweight bars 54 and 55 due to the wind pressure generated by the fire. It is difficult to prevent the spread of smoke. Further, the above publication also describes that the main weight bars 52 and 53 and the sub weight bars 54 and 55 are attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet. Has a problem that its magnetic force is rapidly reduced, and it is difficult to keep the slit portion 51 closed, and it is difficult to prevent the spread of fire and the diffusion of smoke. In addition, fire and smoke / shutter shutters are required to have enough strength to withstand physical impacts caused by collapse of building materials, such as when a pillar is about to fall, in the event of a fire. However, there is a problem in the structure using permanent magnets. That is, in an experiment in which a 3 kg sand bag hung from the ceiling immediately after a high temperature situation at the time of a fire collides with the vicinity of the center of the slit opening like a pendulum from a height difference of 50 cm, Since the magnetic force is almost lost, the slit portion 51 is easily opened. Further, from the viewpoint of evacuating through an evacuation door, it is easier to pass through, and a fire and smoke / shutter that closes quickly and reliably when closed is desired.
[0005]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to prevent a decrease in the holding power in the closed state due to wind pressure and temperature increase caused by a fire, so that an evacuating person can easily evacuate, and after the evacuation, the fire is closed quickly and surely to spread the fire. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire and smoke prevention shutter that can reliably prevent the diffusion of smoke and smoke.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In such a situation, as a result of intensive investigations, the present inventors made a structure in which the evacuation door is overlapped and closed by gravity on the fireproof screen, and provided with a stainless steel hook-and-loop fastener that fixes these to the fireproof screen and the evacuation door. When stacking, the fireproof screen and evacuation door are fixed with hook-and-loop fasteners, and when the fire goes up and the temperature rises, the fixing force of the stainless-steel hook-and-loop fasteners increases, making it easier to resist the increasing wind pressure. since short member attached to the bottom of the evacuation door is conjugate according sprung hinge split child short member, evacuation is pressing by hand evacuation door, easy as evacuation door open flared shape becomes, whereas evacuation after heading the like can be reliably prevented quickly closed diffusion of fire spread and smoke by spring force Bas Ne hinged, the present invention This has led to the formation.
[0008]
[0009]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire and smoke-proof shutter in which an evacuation door is provided on a fireproof screen so as to be freely opened and closed, and the evacuation door is overlapped with the fireproof screen and closed. And a short member for connecting a plurality of child short members with a hinge with a spring is attached to the lower part of the evacuation door, and the short member is located on the rotating shaft side of the evacuation door. Provided is a fire and smoke / shutter that is fixed to a seat plate by a hinge with a spring and is provided with a hook-and-loop fastener for fixing the fireproof screen and the escape door to the fireproof screen and the escape door. Is done. By adopting such a configuration, when opening the human evacuation door, evacuation door is likely as open to the flared, and after passing through the evacuation door evacuation is quickly closed by the spring force of the hinged spring, evacuation When the door overlaps the fireproof screen, it is securely fixed by the hook-and-loop fastener and does not open by the wind pressure due to the fire.
[0010]
In the invention of claim 2 , the short member or the short member is a linear spring material, a coiled spring material, a composite spring material of a linear spring and a coiled spring, a synthetic resin plate, a spring steel plate, an aluminum steel plate or There is provided a fire and smoke shutter characterized by being a combination of these. By adopting such a configuration, easily available at relatively low cost, it can be and achieve ensure the action because of its excellent workability.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fireproof smoke-proof shutter wherein the surface fastener is a stainless steel fastener. By adopting such a configuration, since the hook-and-loop fastener is made of stainless steel, the fixing force increases when the temperature rises due to the progress of the fire, and it is possible to cope with the increase in the wind pressure accompanying the progress of the fire.
[0012]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fireproof and smokeproof shutter, wherein the hook-and-loop fastener is a combined fastener using a stainless steel fastener and a resin fastener at different locations . By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to incorporate the advantages of both a resin surface fastener that is inexpensive and excellent in durability by repeated use and a stainless steel surface fastener that is excellent in heat resistance.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 5 provides a fireproof and smokeproof shutter in which the mounting position of the hook-and-loop fastener on the side of the evacuation door is a portion where the maximum speed is reached when the evacuation door opens and closes and its vicinity. By adopting such a configuration, when the evacuation door overlaps the fireproof screen due to the spring force of the spring with hinge , the evacuation door's own weight and the maximum force of the force are applied to the hook-and-loop fastener, and the evacuation door and the fireproof screen are the strongest. Stick.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that a hook-and-loop fastener is provided at the front end of each of the plurality of child short members on the opening and closing side. By adopting such a configuration, when the child short member of the evacuation door overlaps the fireproof screen by the urging force of the spring of the spring with hinge , it is more securely and firmly fixed.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a fireproof smokeproof shutter which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fire and smoke / shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an installation state of the fire and smoke / shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of the evacuation door lower part which comprises the fire prevention smoke prevention shutter which is embodiment. In the figure, a fire and smoke prevention shutter 1 is installed under a ceiling or a beam, hangs down from the ceiling or under the beam by its own weight, shields the internal space of the building, and is wound up and down by a winding device (not shown). . The fireproof smoke-proof shutter 1 is provided with an evacuation door 3 that can be freely opened and closed on a fireproof screen 2, and the evacuation door 3 is overlapped with the fireproof screen 2 and closed. The fireproof screen 2 and the evacuation door 3 are fixed to these. A hook-and-loop fastener 4 is attached.
[0016]
The fireproof screen 2 is made of a non-combustible / refractory material such as a woven fabric of glass fiber or silica cloth, and is divided into a fixed screen 10 and a movable screen 11, and their end portions overlap each other. A long seat plate 12 and a short seat plate 13, which are weights, are attached to the lower portion of the fixed screen 10 with bolts 18 a while sandwiching the lower portion of the fixed screen 10. A short member 14 made of a thin spring steel plate having elasticity is attached to the movable screen 11 at a predetermined length portion of, for example, 80 to 100 cm on the surface fastener 4 side of the movable screen 11 having a width of several meters. The above-mentioned long seat plate 12 and short seat plate 15 which are attached to the portion excluding the short member 14 and the short seat plate 15 (the “long seat plate portion” together with the long seat plate 12 and the short seat plate 15) Are attached by bolts 18c with the lower part of the movable screen 11 sandwiched therebetween. Further, the short member 14 is rotatably attached to the short seat plate 15 by a hinge 19 with a spring on the rotating shaft side of the escape door. Therefore, since the short member 14 side of the lower part of the movable screen 11 is attached to the long seat plate 12 with a hinge 19 with a spring, the movable screen 11 is movable. Is done. The long seat plate 12 and the short seat plates 13 and 15 need to have sufficient weight to hang the fireproof screen 2 from the ceiling or under the beam, which is the installation location in the event of a fire. As such, it is not a weight that can withstand wind pressure and pressure differences generated during a fire, and this can be compensated by using a hook-and-loop fastener to be described later. Further, the long seat plate 12 and the short seat plates 13 and 15 may be integrated to form a long seat plate portion in addition to the above bolt fastening.
[0017]
The evacuation door 3 forms a part of the movable screen 11 and is provided with a crease 16 so that it can be easily opened and closed. A hook-and-loop fastener 4 is attached between the escape door 3 and the fixed screen 10 of the fireproof screen 2 so that the escape door 3 can be freely opened and closed. The hook-and-loop fastener 4 includes a male and a female. In FIG. 3, the hook-and-loop fastener 4a on the escape door 3 side is a male, and therefore, a female hook-and-loop fastener 4b is attached to the fixed screen 10 via a flat bar 17. (The bolt is omitted in FIG. 3). The male and female of the hook-and-loop fastener 4 can be attached in reverse without any problem. The hook-and-loop fastener 4 is made of stainless steel, such as SUS304 or SUS316. By making the hook-and-loop fastener 4 made of stainless steel, it is preferable in that it has excellent fire resistance and, when the temperature rises, the fixing force is improved as opposed to the permanent magnet. Since the wind pressure rises as the fire progresses and the temperature rises, the improvement in the fixing force of the stainless steel surface fastener 4 due to the temperature rise acts in the direction in which the escape door 3 is difficult to open from the fixed screen 10 and fire prevention. Very convenient in terms of smoke prevention. The degree to which the fixing force is improved by the temperature rise of the surface fastener 4 made of stainless steel is 30% at 700 ° C. and 46% at 925 ° C. This is presumably because the stainless steel material is altered by exposure to high temperatures and its strength increases. Even if the fixing force of the hook-and-loop fastener 4 is improved and the escape door 3 is difficult to open, the hook-and-loop fastener 4 is not not peeled off. Further, the evacuation door 3 is used at the initial stage of a fire, and at a high temperature at which the surface fastener 4 made of stainless steel changes in quality to increase the fixing force, the fire and smoke prevention becomes a problem even at a high temperature. Accordingly, it is preferable that the fixing force is improved. In FIG. 3, the lower part of the fixed screen 10 has a bag shape in order to eliminate a gap with the floor and prevent smoke from leaking.
[0018]
Further, the surface fastener 4 may be a combination of a stainless steel fastener and a resin fastener. That is, the stainless steel fastener is convenient because the fixing force is improved due to the temperature rise, but conversely, there is a disadvantage that the fixing force is decreased due to repeated use, whereas the resin fastener is convenient because the decrease in the fixing force due to repeated use is low. Sensitive to temperature. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, if the surface fastener 5 on the fixed screen 10 is a stainless steel surface fastener and the lower surface fastener 6 is a resin surface fastener, both advantages can be used. Further, the surface fastener 4 may be formed by arranging a stainless steel surface fastener and a resin surface fastener in a horizontal direction, or may use a stainless steel surface fastener and a magnet in combination. The reason is the same as that of the resin surface fastener. In addition, when the vertical width of the hook-and-loop fastener 4b is larger than the vertical width of the hook-and-loop fastener 4a, the escape door 3 is rattled and can be swung in the vertical direction at the time of closing. The hook-and-loop fasteners 4a and 4b can be securely fixed, and the escape door 3 can be closed.
[0019]
And the surface fastener 4 and the short member 14 which were explained in full detail as mentioned above are provided in the site | part which becomes the maximum speed when this opens and closes to the escape door 3, and its vicinity. That is, in the single-opening type evacuation door 3 shown in FIG. 1, since the fold 16 is opened and closed as a rotation shaft, the position A farthest from the fold 16 is a portion having the highest speed. The hook-and-loop fastener 4 and the short member 14 that supports the hook-and-loop fastener 4 are attached to the position A and the vicinity thereof. Therefore, when the evacuation door 3 acts on the arrow B direction by the reaction force or the elastic force of the bending of the short member 14 with the fold line 16 as the rotation center and overlaps the fireproof screen 2, The maximum moment of inertia of the short seat plate 14 is applied to the hook-and-loop fastener 4, and the evacuation door 3 and the fireproof screen 2 are most strongly fixed. The fixing force of the hook-and-loop fastener 4 is substantially proportional to the pressing force applied to the hook-and-loop fastener 4.
[0020]
Next, the usage method of the fire prevention smoke-proof shutter 1 which takes the said structure is demonstrated. First, the fire / smoke / shutter shutter 1 is installed on the ceiling or under the beam in a position that shields the internal space of the building. When a fire breaks out, the fireproof screen 2 is automatically or manually released from a locked state of a winding device (not shown), and hangs down from the ceiling or under the beam of the installation site by its own weight to shield the interior space of the building. In this state, the evacuation door 3 is fixed to the fireproof screen 2 and is in a closed state, so that flame and smoke are shielded. The evacuee opens the evacuation door 3 by peeling off the hook-and-loop fastener 4 with the body on the screen portion of the evacuation door 3 or pressing the screen portion of the evacuation door 3 by hand to remove the hook-and-loop fastener 4 and then passing through and evacuating. . In this case, the opening of the door is widened toward the tip of the opening due to the flexibility or spring elasticity of the short member 14 attached to the lower part of the evacuation door, and the passage is easy. Immediately after the evacuation, the evacuation door 3 is in the state shown in FIG. 4, so that the short member moves quickly and reliably as shown in FIG. 1 by the elastic force of the spring-loaded hinge, and hits the hook-and-loop fastener 4b on the fixed screen 10 side. Then, it is fixed by the moment of inertia at that time, and thereafter the evacuation door 3 is closed and the flame and smoke are shielded. When the evacuees evacuate again, the same action is performed. And if a fire progresses and there exists a temperature rise, the stainless steel surface fastener 4 will increase the adhering force, and even if a wind pressure rises, the evacuation door 3 will maintain a closed state and may shield a flame and smoke well. Yes, even if there are refugees at that time, the evacuation door 3 can be opened and the evacuation can be made. After the fire is extinguished, the fire and smoke / shutter 1 can be used again if the fire and smoke / shutter 1 is less damaged, including damage to the entire building.
[0021]
FIG. 6 shows a short member 14a which is another embodiment of the evacuation door 3 of the movable screen 11. The lower part of the evacuation door 3 is a bag-like object 21, and the bag-like object 21 has elasticity (wire). 14A is inserted, and one end to be fixed is fixed to the short seat plate 15 (long seat plate portion) with the fixing bracket 19a, so that the short member 14a can be bent in the direction of the arrow C, and the evacuees can easily pass. Thus, when the evacuation door 3 returns, the short member 14a quickly returns with a reaction force or a resilient force deflected in the direction of arrow D, so that the evacuation door 3 is securely fixed to the fireproof screen 2. In this case, it is also possible to use a material that has been rounded (spring processed) for increasing the bending of the escape door 3 in the vicinity 141 of the fixing bracket 19 of the wire 14A (not shown). Further, the lower part of the evacuation door 3 may not be formed in a bag shape, and the wire 14A may be directly fixed to the screen below the evacuation door 3 with a fixing bracket (not shown).
[0022]
FIG. 7 shows a short member 14b which is another embodiment of the evacuation door 3 of the movable screen 11. The lower part of the evacuation door 3 is a bag-like object 21, and the sheet-like spring steel plate 14B is put in the bag-like object 21, When the one end to be fixed is fixed to the short seat plate 15 (long seat plate portion) with the fixing bracket 19b, the short member 14b can be bent in the direction of the arrow C so that the refugee can pass easily and the evacuation door 3 returns. Since the short member 14b quickly returns with a reaction force or a resilient force deflected in the direction of the arrow D, the escape door 3 is securely fixed to the fireproof screen 2. The lower part of the evacuation door 3 may not be formed in a bag shape, and the wire 14B may be directly fixed to the screen below the evacuation door 3 with a fixing bracket (not shown).
[0023]
8 and 9 show a short member 14c which is another embodiment of the evacuation door 3 of the movable screen 11, and three divided rectangular acrylic resin plates 141a, 141b and 141c which are child short members are shown. The hinges 19c and 19c with springs are connected to each other, and the three rectangular acrylic resin plates 141a, 141b, and 141c are fixed to the lower part of the evacuation door 3 with bolts 18b, respectively. By fixing the acrylic resin plate 141c to the short seat plate 15 (long seat plate portion) with a hinge 19c with a spring, the short member 14c can be bent in the direction of the arrow C, and the tip side of the short member 14c is divided. The combined use of the short member 14c and the hinge further expands the opening and makes it easier for the evacuees to pass. When the evacuation door 3 returns, the short member 14c is quickly moved in the direction of the arrow D by the biasing force of the spring hinge. Because, evacuation door 3 by bonding the rectangular acrylic plate 141a surface fastener 4b of the opening and closing side of the front end portion to the attached surface fastener 4a and the stationary screen 10 side is reliably fixed to the refractory screen 2. As a modification of this embodiment, a hook-and-loop fastener may be attached to the front end portion of each of the plurality of child short members on the opening and closing side. Thereby, it becomes more accurate and firm fixation.
[0024]
Other examples of the short member or child short member of the present invention include a linear spring material, a coiled spring material, a composite spring material of a linear spring and a coiled spring, a synthetic resin plate other than acrylic resin, a plate material, and a spring steel plate. The coil spring material may be directly attached to the lower part of the evacuation door, or the lower part of the evacuation door may be attached in a bag shape and attached thereto. Further, the composite spring material is a linear spring material, the root of which is processed into a coil shape, which is smoothly bent and has bending strength.
[0027]
[ Effect of the invention ]
According to the present invention, when a person opens the evacuation door, easily as evacuation door is stepwise opened in flared, the spring force of the hinged spring after passing through the evacuation door evacuation It closes quickly and is securely fixed by a hook-and-loop fastener when the evacuation door overlaps the fireproof screen, and does not open due to wind pressure due to fire.
[0028]
According to the invention of claim 2, easily available at relatively low cost, it can be and achieve ensure the action because of its excellent workability.
[0029]
According to the invention of claim 3 , since the hook-and-loop fastener is made of stainless steel, when the temperature rises due to the progress of the fire, the fixing force increases, and it is possible to cope with the increase of the wind pressure accompanying the progress of the fire. Therefore, in addition to the above effects, even if the wind pressure increases due to the progress of a fire, etc., the evacuation door can be kept closed, ensuring the evacuation of people and spreading fire and spreading smoke in response to the increase in wind pressure after evacuation Can be effectively prevented.
[0030]
According to the invention of claim 4 , it is possible to take in the advantages of both a resin surface fastener that is inexpensive and excellent in durability by repeated use and a stainless steel surface fastener that is excellent in heat resistance. Therefore, in addition to the above effects, it is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire and the spread of smoke in response to the increase in wind pressure after evacuation while ensuring the fixation of the hook-and-loop fastener for a long period of time and ensuring the evacuation of people. In addition, it is excellent in economic efficiency.
[0031]
According to the invention of claim 5 , when the evacuation door is overlapped on the fireproof screen by the biasing force of the spring of the hinge with spring, the maximum force of the self-weight of the evacuation door and the action force of the short member is applied to the hook-and-loop fastener, The fireproof screen adheres most strongly. Therefore, the above effect can be further enhanced.
[0032]
According to the invention of claim 6 , when the child short member of the evacuation door is overlapped with the fireproof screen by the biasing force of the spring of the hinge with spring, it is more securely and firmly fixed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fire and smoke / shutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an installed state of a fireproof smokeproof shutter which is an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lower part of the evacuation door constituting the fireproof smokeproof shutter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a use state of a fireproof smokeproof shutter which is an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a perspective view of a hook-and-loop fastener according to another embodiment that constitutes the fire and smoke / shutter of FIG. 1. FIG.
6 is a perspective view of a short seat plate of another embodiment constituting the fire and smoke / shutter of FIG. 1. FIG.
7 is a perspective view of a short seat plate of another embodiment constituting the fire and smoke / shutter of FIG. 1. FIG.
8 is a perspective view of a short seat plate of another embodiment constituting the fire and smoke / shutter of FIG. 1. FIG.
9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the fire and smoke / shutter of FIG. 8 is installed.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fire prevention smoke-proof shutter 2, 50 Fireproof screen 3 Escape door 4, 4a, 4b Surface fastener 10 Fixed screen 11 Movable screen 12 Long seat board 13, 15 Short seat board 14, 14a-14c Short member 16 Fold 17 Flat bar 18a -18c Bolts 19 and 19c Spring hinges 19a and 19b Fixing bracket 21 Bag-like object 51 Slit part 52 and 53 Main weight bar 54 and 55 Subweight bar 141a, 141b and 141c Child short member

Claims (6)

  In the fireproof smoke-proof shutter in which an evacuation door is provided on the fireproof screen so that the evacuation door can be opened and closed, and the evacuation door is overlapped and closed on the fireproof screen, a long seat plate portion is formed under the fireproof screen. A short member for connecting a plurality of child short members with a hinge with a spring is attached to the lower part of the escape door, and the short member is rotated by a hinge with a spring on the long seat plate portion on the rotating side of the escape door. A fireproof smoke-proof shutter, which is freely fixed, and is provided with a hook-and-loop fastener for fixing the fireproof screen and the escape door to the fireproof screen and the escape door. The short member or child short member is a linear spring material, a coiled spring material, a composite spring material of a linear spring and a coiled spring, a synthetic resin plate, a spring steel plate, an aluminum steel plate, or a combination thereof. The fireproof and smokeproof shutter according to claim 1 .   The fireproof and smokeproof shutter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface fastener is a stainless steel surface fastener. The fire and smoke and shutter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface fastener is a combined fastener that uses a stainless steel surface fastener and a resin surface fastener at different locations . The fire-proof smoke-proof shutter according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein a mounting position of the hook-and-loop fastener on the escape door side is a portion where the maximum speed is reached when the escape door is opened and closed and the vicinity thereof. The fireproof smoke-proof shutter according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a hook-and-loop fastener is provided at a front end on the open / close side of the plurality of child short members.

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