JP3730295B2 - Structure of structures in lakes - Google Patents

Structure of structures in lakes Download PDF

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JP3730295B2
JP3730295B2 JP29769895A JP29769895A JP3730295B2 JP 3730295 B2 JP3730295 B2 JP 3730295B2 JP 29769895 A JP29769895 A JP 29769895A JP 29769895 A JP29769895 A JP 29769895A JP 3730295 B2 JP3730295 B2 JP 3730295B2
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Prior art keywords
lake
offshore
skeleton
water
unit skeleton
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JPH09111733A (en
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功生 林
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株式会社林物産
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、湖沼中に構成する消波用堤又は離れ島等の種々の離岸築造物を構成する構造、即ち、湖沼に於ける離岸築造物の構造に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、例えば、離岸堤等の消波用堤等の場合には、単にその領域に土砂を投入して築造するとか、周囲をコンクリートで囲ってその内部に土砂を投入して築造するとか、或はコンクリートで全てを固めて築造するとか等が行なわれている。
離れ島の場合等も概ね同様である。
【0003】
いずれにしても大掛かりな工事となり、しかも得られたそれぞれの築造物では、波による沿岸の浸食防止等の効果は得られるであろうが、どちらかと云えば、湖沼中の魚類等の生活の場を奪い、これらの生活環境を害している場合が殆どである。即ち、自然環境を一面で破壊する虞のあるものでもあった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明に於いては、湖沼に築造物を設置することにより、そのものの性質により若干異なるが、消波作用により、沿岸の保護を図るとともに、湖沼に於ける魚類の生活環境を破壊することなく、却ってその産卵場所や避難場所等を提供すること等により、環境の保全乃至改良を図り得る湖沼に於ける離岸築造物の構造を提供することを解決の課題とするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の構成の要旨とするところは、
湖沼の底部から、水より比重の大きな小塊材を充填した籠状の単位骨格部材を縦横及び高さ方向に結合して構成した骨格構造を立ち上げ、かつ該湖沼の水面から露出する該骨格構造の上部に地上設備を配した湖沼に於ける離岸築造物の構造であり、これによって前記課題を解決することができる。
【0006】
前記離岸築造物としては、消波用の離岸堤又は離れ島等であり、いずれもその地上設備として、遊歩道、緑化部、或はこれらを含む公園等を備え又は備えないもののいずれでもあり得るものである。
また前記籠状の単位骨格部材は、籠状であることの他、縦横に相互を結合できるように、接続手段が構成されていることが好ましい。具体的には必要な部位にボルト・ナット等で接続するためのボルト孔等が開口されていること等である。
材質も自由であるが、プラスチックで成形するのが製造が容易である利点がある。
【0008】
記地上設備として植物を配した緑化部を構成し、または遊歩道を構成することができる。或はこれらを含む公園に構成することができるのも云うまでもない。
そして以上の緑化部は、例えば、次のように構成することができる。
例えば、骨格構造に於ける最上部の少なくとも対応する領域、即ち、緑化部として定めた領域の籠状の単位骨格部材の開口部を上向きに配するとともにそれらの籠状の単位骨格部材中に前記小塊材に代えて植生基材を充填し、かつ該植生基材中に植物を植生することで構成することができる。これらの植物は特に限定されないが、植生基材が少ない場合等は水生植物が適当である。
【0009】
なお以上於いて、前記小塊材としては、前記のように、水より比重の大きな小塊であって、水に溶けず、かつ害のないものであれば、自由に採用可能であるが、例えば、砂利を用いるのが安価でかつ簡易である。
また前記小塊材に加えて、または一部のそれらに代えて炭又は麦飯石を単位骨格部材中に充填することとするのが湖沼水の浄化その他の品質改善のために好都合である。
【0014】
したがって、前記のような骨格構造を持った離岸堤を構成した場合は、これによって湖沼の沿岸が波の被害から保護されるのは一般のそれと同様であり、更に、その築造に籠状の単位骨格部材を用いているので、骨格構造に隙間が多く、波浪は強固なコンクリート堤等に衝突する場合のような衝撃がなく、該離岸堤の前面は波が穏やかになり易くもなる。
またこの骨格構造を持った離岸堤の場合は、以上のように、その築造に籠状の単位骨格部材を用いているので、形状寸法ともに構成が自由であって、容易に築造できるものである。
【0015】
更に籠状の単位骨格部材中には、この場合は、水より比重の大きな小塊材が充填されているに過ぎないので、骨格構造には適当な隙間があり、魚が必要があればこの中に逃げ込むことができる等の避難場所としての役割も果たすことができる。また魚の産卵場所としても役割も果たすことができる。地上設備として緑化部を構成し、水生植物を植えた場合には、その根が深く下がって来れば、その内部がちょうど良い産卵場所になり得るものでもある。
更に骨格構造の内部は水の流通できる場であるから、籠状の単位骨格部材の一部又は全部の中に、炭又は麦飯石を追加的に充填し又は一部の小塊材に代えてこれらを充填することとした場合には、湖沼水の浄化又は改質に役に立つものである。
【0016】
またこれらの骨格構造の上部には公園等の地上設備も容易に築造し得るものである。
【0020】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図1〜図4は本発明の一つの実施の形態を示している。
図1は、本発明を適用した離岸堤の一実施形態を示す概略断面説明図、図2は離岸堤及び湖沼の対岸部を示す部分概略平面図、図3は籠状の単位骨格部材の一部切欠正面図、図4は下向き状態の単位骨格部材の結合状態を示す平面説明図である。
【0021】
この実施の形態で用いる単位骨格部材1は、図3に示すように、容器部2と、その上縁から底面と平行に外方に向かって延びる上下結合用板部3と、該上下結合用板部3から垂下する左右結合用板部4とで構成したものである。
上記上下結合用板部3、左右結合用板部4及び容器部2の底板にはそれぞれ結合用のボルト孔5、5…が開口してある。
また容器部2、上下結合用板部3及び左右結合用板部4には、それぞれ大小の通孔6、6…が穿設してある。
【0022】
この単位骨格部材1を用いて湖沼7に、図2に示すような離岸堤8を築造する。
図1に示すように、離岸堤8は、その骨格構造9を、上記単位骨格部材1、1…を縦横に結合して構成する。上下隣接する単位骨格部材1、1相互は開口部相互を対面させ又は底板相互を当接させて、各々対面する部位のボルト孔5、5…を利用してボルト・ナットで結合する。左右に隣接する単位骨格部材1、1相互は、図1及び図4に示すように、左右結合用板部4、4を相互に当接させ、対面接合する部位のボルト孔5、5…を利用してボルト・ナットで結合する。
【0023】
なおこのように骨格構造9を構成する際に、最上部の単位骨格部材1、1…は、開口部が上向きになるようにする。またこのように骨格構造9を構成する際に、最上部の単位骨格部材1、1…を除いて、その内部に砂利10を充填する。このとき併せて麦飯石も砂利10中に混合する。
最上部の単位骨格部材1、1…については、長さ方向左右縁に沿っての各二列のそれらには、土壌11等を若干充填し、これに水性植物12を植え付け、緑化部13を構成する。中央の二列の単位骨格部材1、1…には砂利及び土砂等を充填し、若干盛り上げ、遊歩道14を構成する。
なお15は湖沼7の水面であり、16は底面である。
【0024】
この実施の形態では、離岸堤8を以上のように構成したので、先ず一般のそれと同様に、これによって湖沼7の沿岸が波の被害から保護される。更に、この離岸堤8は籠状の単位骨格部材1、1…を結合してその骨格構造9を築造し、かつ各単位骨格部材1、1…中には砂利10及び麦飯石を充填したものであるので、骨格構造9に隙間が多く、波浪は強固なコンクリート堤等に衝突する場合のような衝撃が生じない。それ故、該離岸堤8の前面は波が穏やかになる。
またこの離岸堤8の場合は、以上のように、その築造に籠状の単位骨格部材1、1…を用いているので、形状寸法ともに構成が自由であって、容易に築造できるものである。
【0025】
更に、前記したように、籠状の単位骨格部材1、1…中には、最上部のそれらを除いて、この場合は、水より比重の大きな小塊材である砂利10及び若干の麦飯石が充填されているに過ぎないので、骨格構造9には適当な隙間があり、魚が必要があればこの中に逃げ込むことができる等の避難場所としての役割も果たすことができる。また魚の産卵場所としても役割も果たすことができる。またこの場合は地上設備として緑化部13を構成し、水生植物を植えたので、いずれその根が深く下がって、その内部がちょうど良い産卵場所になり得るものでもある。更に骨格構造9の内部は、前記したように、水の流通できる場であり、単位骨格部材1、1…に、前記のように、麦飯石を追加的に充填したので、湖沼水の浄化又は改質に役に立つものでもある。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
したがって本発明によれば、湖沼に離岸堤や離れ島等の骨格構造を容易に構成し得て、その岸の波浪による損壊等を安価に防止し得るものである。またこれらの骨格構造が籠状の単位骨格部材で構成されるものであり、その内部に水より比重の大きな小塊材を充填して、全体を構築するものであるため、骨格構造内部に隙間が多く、この隙間が魚の避難場所及び産卵場所になり得る利点もある。上部に地上施設として緑化部を構成し、ここに水生植物を植えた場合にはその根が延びて垂下すれば更にこの根の中が魚の産卵場所として一層適切となる。
【0032】
骨格構造を構成する籠状の単位骨格部材中に炭や麦飯石又はその他のその種の部材を混入させれば、湖沼水の浄化や改質に役に立つものでもある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明を適用した離岸堤の一実施形態を示す概略断面説明図。
【図2】 離岸堤及び湖沼の対岸部を示す部分概略平面図。
【図3】 籠状の単位骨格部材の一部切欠正面図。
【図4】 通孔を省略した下向き状態の単位骨格部材の結合状態を示す平面説明図。
【符号の説明】
1 籠状の単位骨格部材
2 容器部
3 上下結合用板部
4 左右結合用板部
5 ボルト孔
6 通孔
7 湖沼
8 離岸堤
9 骨格構造
10 砂利
11 土壌
12 水性植物
13 緑化部
14 遊歩道
15 水面
16 底面
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, structure constituting the various rip construction of embankment or outer islands like a wave dissipating constituting in lakes, i.e., to a structure of at rip construction thereof lakes.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, in the case of a wave breakwater such as a breakwater, it is simply built by putting earth and sand into the area, or surrounded by concrete and throwing earth and sand into the interior, Or it is done by solidifying everything with concrete.
The same is true for remote islands.
[0003]
In any case, it would be a large-scale construction, and each structure obtained would have the effect of preventing coastal erosion due to waves, but if anything, it would be a place of life for fish in the lake. In most cases, these living environments are harmed. In other words, the natural environment may be destroyed on one side.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, by installing a structure in the lake, it varies slightly depending on the nature of the lake itself, but the coastal protection is achieved by the wave-dissipating action, and the living environment of fish in the lake is not destroyed. On the other hand, the problem to be solved is to provide a structure for offshore structures in lakes and marshes that can preserve or improve the environment by providing a spawning place or an evacuation place.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the configuration of the present invention is as follows.
From the bottom of the lake, up the skeleton structure constructed combined with the large nodules material cage-like unit frame member filled with vertically and horizontally and the height direction of gravity than water, and is exposed from the water surface of該湖swamp backbone The structure of the offshore structure in a lake with ground equipment on the top of the structure can solve the above problems.
[0006]
As the rip construction product, a offshore breakwater or outer islands like for wave-dissipating, as both the ground equipment, promenade, may be any of those greening unit, or not provided, or provided with a park containing these Is.
Moreover, it is preferable that the said hook-shaped unit frame member is a hook shape, and the connection means is comprised so that it can couple | bond together vertically and horizontally. Specifically, a bolt hole or the like for connecting with a necessary part with a bolt / nut or the like is opened.
The material is also free, but there is an advantage that it is easy to manufacture by molding with plastic.
[0008]
It can constitute a greening section provided with plants as a pre-Symbol ground equipment, or constitute a promenade. Needless to say, it can be constructed in a park including these.
And the above greening part can be comprised as follows, for example.
For example, at least the corresponding region of the uppermost part in the skeleton structure, that is, the opening of the bowl-shaped unit skeleton member of the area defined as the greening portion is arranged upward and the skeleton-shaped unit skeleton member includes the opening It can comprise by filling a vegetation base material instead of a small lump material, and planting a plant in this vegetation base material. These plants are not particularly limited, but aquatic plants are suitable when there are few vegetation substrates.
[0009]
Note In above Examples blob material, as described above, a large nodules in specific gravity than water, not soluble in water, and as long as benign, but is freely employed For example, it is cheap and simple to use gravel.
In addition to the small lump material, or instead of a part of them, it is advantageous for purifying lake water and other quality improvements to fill the unit skeleton member with charcoal or barleystone.
[0014]
Therefore, when the offshore dike with the skeleton structure as described above is constructed, the coast of the lake is protected from the damage of the waves by the same as that of the general one. Since the unit skeleton member is used, there are many gaps in the skeleton structure, and the waves do not have an impact as in the case of colliding with a strong concrete levee, and the waves on the front side of the offshore levee tend to be gentle.
In the case of a breakwater with this skeletal structure, as shown above, a cage-shaped unit skeleton member is used for its construction. is there.
[0015]
In addition, in this case, the rod-shaped unit skeleton member is only filled with a small block material having a specific gravity larger than that of water, so that there is an appropriate gap in the skeleton structure, and this is necessary if fish is necessary. It can also serve as an evacuation site, such as being able to escape inside. It can also serve as a place for spawning fish. When a greening part is constructed as a ground facility and an aquatic plant is planted, the inside of the plant can be a good spawning site if the roots descend deeply.
Furthermore, since the inside of the skeletal structure is a place where water can flow, some or all of the bowl-shaped unit skeleton members are additionally filled with charcoal or barley stone or replaced with some small lump material. When these are filled, it is useful for purification or improvement of lake water.
[0016]
In addition, ground facilities such as parks can be easily built on top of these skeletal structures.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory view showing an embodiment of a breakwater embankment to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a partial schematic plan view showing an opposite bank portion of the breakwater embankment and a lake, and FIG. 3 is a bowl-shaped unit skeleton member FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view showing a coupled state of unit skeleton members in a downward state.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 3, the unit skeleton member 1 used in this embodiment includes a container portion 2, a vertical coupling plate portion 3 that extends outward from the upper edge in parallel with the bottom surface, and the vertical coupling member. The left and right coupling plate portion 4 hangs down from the plate portion 3.
Bolt holes 5, 5... For coupling are opened in the upper and lower coupling plate portion 3, the left and right coupling plate portion 4, and the bottom plate of the container portion 2, respectively.
Further, large and small through holes 6 are formed in the container portion 2, the upper and lower coupling plate portion 3, and the left and right coupling plate portion 4, respectively.
[0022]
2 is constructed in the lake 7 using the unit skeleton member 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the berthing bank 8 has a skeleton structure 9 formed by connecting the unit skeleton members 1, 1. The unit skeleton members 1 and 1 adjacent to each other are connected to each other with bolts and nuts using the bolt holes 5, 5... Facing each other with the openings facing each other or the bottom plates contacting each other. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the unit skeleton members 1 adjacent to the left and right have the bolt holes 5, 5... Combine with bolts and nuts.
[0023]
When the skeleton structure 9 is configured in this way, the uppermost unit skeleton members 1, 1... Further, when the skeleton structure 9 is configured in this way, gravel 10 is filled in the inside except for the uppermost unit skeleton members 1, 1. At this time, barley stone is also mixed into the gravel 10.
For the uppermost unit skeleton members 1, 1..., The two rows along the left and right edges in the length direction are slightly filled with soil 11 and the like, planted with an aqueous plant 12, and the greening portion 13 is formed. Constitute. The unit frame members 1, 1... In the center are filled with gravel and earth and sand, and are slightly raised to constitute a promenade 14.
Note that 15 is the water surface of the lake 7 and 16 is the bottom surface.
[0024]
In this embodiment, since the offshore dike 8 is configured as described above, the coast of the lake 7 is protected from damage by waves, as in general. Further, the bank 8 is constructed by connecting the bowl-shaped unit skeleton members 1, 1... To form the skeleton structure 9, and the unit skeleton members 1, 1. Therefore, there are many gaps in the skeleton structure 9, and the waves do not cause an impact as in the case of colliding with a strong concrete levee. Therefore, the wave is gentle on the front of the bank 8.
Further, in the case of the offshore bank 8, as described above, since the cage-shaped unit skeleton members 1, 1,... Are used for the construction, the configuration is free in terms of shape and dimensions, and the construction can be easily constructed. is there.
[0025]
Further, as described above, in the bowl-shaped unit skeleton members 1, 1, etc., except for the uppermost part, in this case, gravel 10 which is a small lump material having a specific gravity larger than water and some barley stones Since the skeleton structure 9 has only a suitable gap, it can also serve as an evacuation site, such as being able to escape into the fish if necessary. It can also serve as a place for spawning fish. Further, in this case, the greening section 13 is configured as ground equipment and aquatic plants are planted, so that the roots may eventually fall down and the inside may be a good spawning place. Further, as described above, the inside of the skeleton structure 9 is a place where water can circulate, and the unit skeleton members 1, 1... Are additionally filled with barley stone as described above. It is also useful for reforming.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, according to the present invention, a skeletal structure such as a shore bank or a remote island can be easily formed in a lake, and damage caused by waves on the shore can be prevented at a low cost. In addition, these skeletal structures are composed of bowl-shaped unit skeleton members, and the entire structure is constructed by filling the inside with a small block material having a specific gravity greater than that of water. There is also an advantage that this gap can be a place for evacuation and spawning of fish. If a greening part is constructed as an above-ground facility at the top, and aquatic plants are planted here, if the roots extend and hang down, the roots become more suitable as a spawning place for fish.
[0032]
If charcoal, barley stone, or other such members are mixed in the bowl-shaped unit skeleton members constituting the skeleton structure, it is useful for purification and improvement of lake water.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory view showing an embodiment of a breakwater to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic plan view showing an offshore bank and the opposite bank of a lake.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of a bowl-shaped unit skeleton member.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view showing a combined state of unit skeleton members in a downward state in which through holes are omitted.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Corrugated unit skeleton member 2 Container part 3 Vertical connection board part 4 Left and right connection board part 5 Bolt hole 6 Through hole 7 Lake 8 Breakwater 9 Skeletal structure 10 Gravel 11 Soil 12 Water plant 13 Greening part 14 Promenade 15 Water surface 16 Bottom surface

Claims (4)

湖沼の底部から、水より比重の大きな小塊材を充填した籠状の単位骨格部材を縦横及び高さ方向に結合して構成した骨格構造を立ち上げ、かつ該湖沼の水面から露出する該骨格構造の上部に地上設備を配した湖沼に於ける離岸築造物の構造。 From the bottom of the lake, up the skeleton structure constructed combined with the large nodules material cage-like unit frame member filled with vertically and horizontally and the height direction of gravity than water, and is exposed from the water surface of該湖swamp backbone Structure of offshore structure in a lake with ground equipment on the top of the structure. 前記地上設備として植物を配した緑化部を構成した請求項1の湖沼に於ける離岸築造物の構造。The structure of the offshore structure in the lake of Claim 1 which comprised the greening part which arranged the plant as said ground equipment. 前記籠状の単位骨格部材中に前記小塊材に加えて麦飯石を充填した請求項2の湖沼に於ける離岸築造物の構造。The structure of the offshore built-up structure in the lake and marsh according to claim 2, wherein the bowl-shaped unit skeleton member is filled with barley stone in addition to the small lump material. 前記地上設備として遊歩道を構成した請求項1の湖沼に於ける離岸築造物の構造。The structure of the offshore structure in the lake of Claim 1 which comprised the boardwalk as said ground equipment.
JP29769895A 1995-10-19 1995-10-19 Structure of structures in lakes Expired - Fee Related JP3730295B2 (en)

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JP3730295B2 true JP3730295B2 (en) 2005-12-21

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CN103866743B (en) * 2014-02-14 2015-07-08 河海大学 Environment-friendly barrage and water body purification method
CN104164849B (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-06-29 郑丙辉 The wave attenuating device protected for lake aquatic vegetational zone and seashore and the method for wave that disappears

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