JP3726854B2 - Outer diameter rolling machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an outer diameter rolling and pressing apparatus for continuously burnishing the outer surface of a cylindrical or cylindrical workpiece that is relatively long in the axial direction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there is a roller burnishing as a processing method for efficiently and relatively mirror-finishing the outer diameter, that is, the outer peripheral surface of a metal such as an aluminum tube, a steel tube, or a shaft tube in a short time. This method rolls the surface of the work piece with a roller and gives a slight plastic deformation to finish, reducing the sliding resistance and improving the corrosion resistance by mirroring the surface, and the wear resistance by increasing the surface hardness. It is often used because it has many advantages such as improvement of fatigue strength, improvement of fatigue strength due to generation of compressive residual stress near the surface, and possibility of dimensional correction by micro deformation.
[0003]
Moreover, there is an apparatus described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-15723 as an apparatus for finishing an outer surface such as a relatively long column or cylinder. In this apparatus, a plurality of tool rollers are arranged in contact with an inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical tool head, the tool rollers are rotatably locked to the frame, and further, with respect to the axis of the frame. It is arranged inclined by a predetermined angle.
[0004]
When the frame is rotated, the tool roller rotates on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece while rotating. The tool roller is constrained by a groove in the frame, and the frame is rotatably fixed to the cylindrical member so as not to move in the axial direction, so that the workpiece is relatively fed in the axial direction. It will be. That is, when a rotational torque is applied to the frame, a part of the rotational driving force becomes a feeding force, so that no separate power for feeding the workpiece is required. Since a feed force is generated by the machining operation, this means that the workpiece does not need a rotation holding part (chuck) other than the tool roller.
[0005]
Further, the tool head has a taper on the inner peripheral surface, and a substantially cylindrical tool roller having a taper side surface opposite to the taper of the tool head is formed on the inner surface of the tool head. It is closely attached to the frame so as to be movable in the axial direction. Therefore, the tool diameter can be set in accordance with the outer diameter of the workpiece by moving and adjusting the frame in the axial direction. This device is used for finishing various solid and hollow shafts such as guide shafts for OA equipment, motor shafts, VTR pins, drums for copying machines, and piston rods for shock absorbers.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this apparatus, the tool roller is constrained by a groove in the frame, and the frame is rotatably fixed to the cylindrical member so as not to move in the axial direction. It is added directly to the tool roller contact end of the roller groove. Since the tool roller rotates at a high speed in the roller groove of the frame and is pressed against the contact end surface of the roller groove with the feed force Pf, the tool roller contact end surface of the roller groove of the frame is worn when a predetermined time elapses, and a predetermined finishing accuracy is obtained. There was a desire to reduce this wear because it would not be possible.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above-described object of achieving the above-mentioned demands, and it is a first object of the present invention to improve the wear resistance of the contact surface of the roller groove contact end portion of the frame and extend the life. And Further, the second object is to make it possible to detach and attach only the worn portion in a short time even when the wear of the contact surface of the roller groove contact end progresses, shortening the repair time and reducing the cost of consumable parts. However, the tool roller should not be worn early by improving the wear resistance of the contact surface of the roller groove contact end of the frame.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an outer diameter rolling processing device according to claim 1 includes a tool head having a tapered inner peripheral surface disposed so as to surround a cylindrical or cylindrical workpiece, and the tool head. A plurality of substantially cylindrical tool rollers having a tapered side surface in contact with the tapered inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the work piece and arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction and locked. , Which is coaxially arranged with respect to the tool head, has a roller groove fitted and locked to the tool roller so as to be capable of rotating, and has a hollow portion which penetrates the workpiece and is movable in the longitudinal direction. In an outer diameter rolling processing apparatus comprising a frame, the tool head, and an apparatus housing disposed so as to surround the frame, the tool roller being disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to an axis of the frame. , the tool roller Wherein a driving means for rotating the tool head or the frame in order to relatively rotate around the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, attach the tool tip to the tool roller contact end of the roller grooves, wherein The tool tip has a tool tip head, the frame has a recess on the tool roller contact end side of the roller groove and on the outer peripheral surface side of the frame, and the tool tip has the tool in the roller groove. The tool tip head is stored in close contact with the recess, and is stored in close contact with the roller contact end side .
[0009]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the outer diameter rolling processing device according to claim 2 is the outer diameter rolling processing device according to claim 1 , wherein the hardness of the tool tip is lower than the hardness of the tool roller. is there. It is desirable that the hardness of the tool tip is slightly lower than the hardness of the tool roller.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The outer diameter rolling processing apparatus of the present invention includes a tool head, a tool roller, a frame, and an apparatus housing.
An inner diameter taper-like tool head disposed so as to surround a cylindrical or cylindrical workpiece, and a taper-like inner peripheral surface of the tool head. A plurality of substantially cylindrical tool rollers having contact with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece and arranged and locked evenly in the circumferential direction and having tapered side surfaces opposite to the taper; and the tool head A frame having a roller groove that is coaxially disposed with respect to the tool roller so as to be fitted and locked so as to rotate freely, and that has a hollow portion that penetrates the workpiece and is movable in the longitudinal direction. And a tool housing disposed so as to surround the tool head, and the tool roller is disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the frame.
[0011]
Further, the frame is fixed, and the tool head is provided with a rotation driving means such as a pulley for rotation, and the tool roller is rotated by rotating the tool head, thereby rotating the work piece and rotating the workpiece in the axial direction. Move towards. When viewed from the workpiece, the tool roller rotates in a spiral around the workpiece while rotating.
Alternatively, the tool head is fixed and rotation driving means such as a pulley for rotation is provided to the frame, and the tool roller rotates and rotates around the workpiece by rotating the frame. As a result, the workpiece is rotated and moved in the axial direction toward the inside of the apparatus.
[0012]
The tool roller is constrained by the roller groove in the frame, and the tool roller itself rotates at high speed when viewed from the frame during burnishing, and is pressed against the contact surface of the contact end portion of the roller groove by the feed force Pf of the feed angle. ing. Accordingly, when used for a long time, the contact surface of the contact end portion of the roller groove of the frame is worn due to the rotational contact friction of the tool roller. As a countermeasure, a tool tip having high wear resistance, such as tool steel heat-treated at a high hardness on the contact surface of the roller groove contact end portion of the frame, is attached.
[0013]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the tool roller 1 is fitted in a roller groove 35 formed on the workpiece 3 side of the frame 3 so as to be in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 101 of the tool head 2. Arranged. The shape of the tool roller 1 is a taper shape in which the outer diameter on the left side is narrow and becomes thicker toward the right side. The shape of the through hole 101 of the tool head 2 is formed in a taper shape such that the tip is narrow and the back side gradually widens. Since both tapers are opposite in direction and the taper of the tool roller is slightly larger than the inclination of the inner peripheral surface of the tool head, the tool diameter has a back taper with respect to the workpiece insertion direction. When the axial contact position between the tool roller 1 and the tool head 2 is changed, the tool roller 1 moves along the taper of the through-hole 101 and protrudes from the roller groove 35 of the frame 3 to enter and exit the tool. The diameter expands and contracts.
[0014]
A pulley 8 is locked to the left side of the outer periphery of the tool head stem 5 via a key 7, and a belt (not shown) is applied to the pulley 8 and is rotated by an electric motor (not shown). Driven. The motor rotation speed can be arbitrarily set by an inverter. A ball bearing 23 is fixed to the outer periphery of the tool head stem 5 on the right side of the pulley 8 with the spacer 11 interposed therebetween. A housing 22 is disposed outside the ball bearing 23 in the radial direction. A tool head stem end 13 is attached to the right end of the tool head stem 5 with a bolt, and the spacer 11, the ball bearing 23, and the tool head stem end 13 are arranged in the axial direction from left to right in this order.
[0015]
A bearing cover 10 is bolted to the housing 22 on the left side of the ball bearing 23 to prevent foreign matter contamination and to position the ball bearing 23 in the axial direction. The spacer 14 is attached to the upper right side of the ball bearing 23 for axial positioning of the ball bearing 23. The housing 22 is arranged so as to surround the ball bearing 23, the tool head stem 5, and the tool head stem end 13.
[0016]
The frame 3 is coupled via a hexagon socket head cap bolt 6 and a frame stem 9 having a flange at the right end and a coupling boss at the left end. A work guide 21 is inserted inside the frame stem 9. The workpiece 34 is supplied from the left end of the frame 3 and discharged from the right end of the work guide 21 to the outside of the apparatus.
A frame stem slide guide 15 is disposed at the center of the frame stem 9 via the bush 12 so as to surround the frame stem 9, and the frame stem slide guide 15 is bolted to the housing 22. A piston rod 17 is fixed to the right side of the frame stem 9. The adjuster string 19 and the lock nut 20 are members for fixing the piston rod 17 to the frame stem 9. By operating these components, the initial value of the minimum value of the tool diameter is set in consideration of variations in the workpiece outer diameter. Do.
[0017]
A screw hole for inserting the non-rotating roll 29 vertically is formed in the uppermost right end of the piston rod 17. A non-rotating block 18 that has a groove that allows the non-rotating roll 29 to slide in the axial direction and that prevents the piston rod 17 from rotating about its axis by a guide function of its side wall is bolted to the cylinder housing 16. Yes. Thus, the piston rod 17, the frame stem 9, and the frame 3 are integrally slid in the axial direction and are constrained so as not to rotate.
[0018]
A cylinder housing 16 is disposed surrounding the piston rod 17 to form a space 102. A pressure fluid is introduced into the space 102 through the air supply port 24, and a thrust generated by the pressure of the fluid acts on the piston rod 17, and this thrust is transmitted to the frame 3 through the frame stem 9 and is transmitted to the tool rod. -It is a force that opposes the workpiece feed force of LA 1. A dust seal 30 is fitted into a groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder housing 16 that is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod 17 to prevent dust from entering the space portion 102. Thrust can be generated even if an elastic body such as a coil spring is attached to the space 102. The appropriate fluid pressure is determined to be a predetermined value in consideration of the outer diameter, material, heat treatment, surface roughness, etc. of the workpiece.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 5, the tool roller 1 is disposed at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the axis of the tool head 2 or the frame 3, so that the tool roller is considered when the work piece is considered stationary. 1 revolves the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece in a spiral while rotating. Actually, since the tool roller is constrained to perform only rotation and not to revolve, the workpiece relatively rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation of the tool roller, and the axial direction It is burnished continuously by moving in the opposite direction.
[0020]
Further, when the tool head 2 is considered to be stationary, the tool roller 1 revolves spirally on the inner peripheral surface of the taper while rotating with respect to the tool head. Actually, the tool roller is constrained so as not to revolve, but a feed force that moves relatively inward in the axial direction of the tool head is generated, and the propulsive force is opposed to the feed force. Is used to automatically control the tool diameter so that a predetermined burnishing pressure is obtained. The tip end portion of the tool roller 1 has a large R shape, and consideration is given so that the workpiece is smoothly bitten.
[0021]
The tool roller 1 rotates at a high speed inside the roller groove 35 and is pressed against the rear end surface of the roller groove with a feed force Pf. As a countermeasure against wear of this portion, a tool tip 36 is attached as shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 4, the tool tip 36 is structured to be inserted from the outer peripheral direction of the frame 3 into the contact surface of the contact end portion (contact rear end portion) of the roller groove 35 inside the apparatus, and a special tool is used. Even if it is not, exchange is possible in a short time. The tool tip 36 has a tool tip head 37 and is in close contact with and inserted into a recess 38 formed on the outer peripheral side of the frame on the rear end face of the roller groove 35 of the frame 3. At the same time, the tool tip 36 is inserted into the tool roller in the roller groove. Insert it in close contact with the rear end. By simply inserting the tool tip 36 in this way, the tool tip 36 is positioned and fixed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and at the same time, the tool tip 36 does not fall to the inner diameter side of the frame 3. During burnishing, since the tool head 2 is disposed on the outer diameter side of the frame 3, the tool tip 36 is also restrained in the outer diameter direction and does not come off from the rear end portion in contact with the roller groove.
[0022]
The tool tip 36 is made of tool steel that has been heat-treated at a high hardness, but it is desirable to set the hardness of the tool tip 36 slightly lower than that of the tool roller 1 in order to suppress wear of the tool roller 1. Furthermore, the tool tip 36 has a mirror-finished rotating contact surface to reduce the frictional force with the tool roller 1 and suppress the progress of wear.
[0023]
When machining a workpiece, it is necessary to supply a working fluid for the purpose of cleaning, lubricating, and cooling the workpiece and the tool, which is performed as follows. The machining fluid is supplied to the inside of the tool through a machining fluid supply port 25 provided on the right outer periphery of the frame stem slide guide 15. The supplied working fluid passes through the space surrounded by the inner peripheral surface of the tool head stem 5, the outer peripheral surface of the frame stem slide guide 15, and the outer peripheral surface of the frame stem 9, and is supplied to the tool tip. At this time, the working fluid is sealed with an oil seal 26 and packing so that the working fluid does not enter the ball bearing 23 mounting portion and the cylinder housing 16 portion.
[0024]
In this embodiment, the device housing is fixed and the end tool can be mounted as a unit. As shown in FIG. 1, the tip tool unit includes a tool roller 1, a tool head 2, a frame 3, a tool head stem 5, a set screw 33, and a frame cover attached by a set screw 33 to the tip of the frame 3 in the workpiece insertion direction. 31, a tool head cover 27, a hexagon socket head bolt 4 that prevents the tool head 2 from being pulled out by attaching the tool head cover 27 to the tool head stem 5, a positioning key 32, and a key 28 that locks the tool head 2 to the tool head stem 5. , And a retaining bolt 6 for locking the frame 3 to the frame stem 9.
[0025]
In order to attach the tip tool, first, the tip tool is inserted into the tool head stem 5 as a unit. At this time, the key groove of the frame stem 9 and the positioning key 32 and the key groove of the tool head stem 5 and the key 28 must be inserted while visually matching.
[0026]
A hexagonal bar wrench is inserted into a through hole 103 provided in the tool head 2, and a retaining bolt 6 is tightened to fix the frame 3 to the frame stem 9.
The screw hole of the frame stem 9 and the circumferential position of the retaining bolt 6 are matched by the positioning key 32, and only by aligning the circumferential position of the retaining bolt 6 and the set screw 33, Even from the outside, the retaining bolt 6 can be securely tightened.
The tool head cover 27 is put on and the hexagon socket head bolt 4 is tightened to complete the installation. Removal is performed in the reverse order of installation.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
By attaching a tool tip having high hardness and high wear resistance to the contact end where the tool roller locked in the roller groove formed in the frame comes into contact, the tool life can be significantly extended. In addition, tool tips are inexpensive and easy to attach and detach, thus reducing repair time and the cost of consumable parts. Further, since the hardness of the tool tip is set slightly lower than that of the tool roller, the life of the tool roller, which is the most important part for machining, is not reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial front sectional view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of a tool roller of a frame.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram explaining the incorporation of a tool tip into a frame.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the movement of the tool roller and the workpiece.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tool roller 2 ... Tool head 3 ... Frame 4 ... Hexagon socket head cap screw 5 ... Tool head stem 6 ... Hexagon socket head cap screw 7 ... Key 8 ... Puri 9 ... Frame stem 10 ... Bearing cover
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Spacer 12 ... Bush 13 ... Tool head stem end 14 ... Spacer 15 ... Frame stem slide guide 16 ... Cylinder housing 17 ... Piston rod 18 ... Non-rotating block 19 ... Adjust string 20 ... Lock nut 21 ... Work guide 22 ... Housing 23 ... Ball bearing 24 ... Air supply port 25 ...・ Working fluid supply port 26... Oil seal 27... Tool head cover 28.
29: Non-rotating roll 30 ... Dust seal 31 ... Frame cover 32 ... Positioning key
33 ... Set screw 34 ... Workpiece 35 ... Roller groove 36 ... Tool tip 37 ... Tool tip head 38 ... Recess 101 ... Through hole 102 ... Space part 103 ... through hole

Claims (2)

A tool head having an inner peripheral surface tapered so as to surround a cylindrical or cylindrical workpiece, and the taper inner peripheral surface of the tool head and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece are in contact with each other in the circumferential direction. And a plurality of substantially cylindrical tool rollers having tapered side surfaces opposite to the taper, and coaxially arranged with respect to the tool head, so that the tool rollers can freely rotate. A frame having a locked roller groove and having a hollow portion that penetrates the workpiece and is movable in a longitudinal direction thereof; and a tool housing disposed so as to surround the tool head and the frame. An outer diameter rolling processing device provided with the tool roller being inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the frame,
Drive means for rotating the tool head or the frame to relatively rotate the tool roller around the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece;
Attach the tool tip to the tool roller contact end of the roller grooves,
The tool tip has a tool tip head, said frame comprising said tool roller contact end side of the roller grooves have a recess on the outer circumferential surface of said frame, said tool tip of the roller in the groove An outer diameter rolling and compacting apparatus characterized in that the tool tip head is stored in close contact with the tool roller contact end, and the tool tip head is stored in close contact with the recess. In the outer diameter rolling processing apparatus according to claim 1 ,
An outer diameter rolling process device in which the hardness of the tool tip is lower than the hardness of the tool roller.

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