CN116673505A - Main shaft structure of oil-gas boring bar machine and working method thereof - Google Patents
Main shaft structure of oil-gas boring bar machine and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116673505A CN116673505A CN202310885271.9A CN202310885271A CN116673505A CN 116673505 A CN116673505 A CN 116673505A CN 202310885271 A CN202310885271 A CN 202310885271A CN 116673505 A CN116673505 A CN 116673505A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure and a working method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: the front end of the cylindrical roller bearing is provided with a double-row cylindrical bearing as a positioning bearing, and the rear end of the cylindrical roller bearing is provided with a double-row cylindrical bearing as a floating bearing; the boring bar is connected with the main shaft through a flat key, and is restrained from moving along the circumferential direction between the boring bar and the main shaft, and moves axially under the action of the propelling structure; after the compressed air and the ice oil are mixed in the oil-gas mixer, the compressed air and the ice oil are connected into the internal passage of the main shaft, the bearing is lubricated, the cooling is carried out, and the oil-gas is discharged from the labyrinth ring structure to take away heat. The invention can realize high-rotation-speed continuous cutting of the spindle and spindle extension processing of the W-axis boring bar simultaneously, and improves the sensitivity and timeliness of temperature control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boring bar mechanical spindles, in particular to an oil-gas boring bar mechanical spindle structure and a working method thereof.
Background
In the field of machining, boring bars are a common machining process used to machine bores or grooves. Conventional mechanical spindle structures have technical problems such as bearing heating and spindle thermal extension during boring bar processing. During high-speed and long-time operation, the mechanical main shaft is easy to generate excessive heat, so that the temperature of the bearing is increased and the thermal extension of the main shaft is caused, and the processing quality and accuracy are further affected.
The traditional mechanical main shaft structure often cannot meet the requirement of high-speed continuous cutting, and the extending processing of the main shaft of the W-shaft boring bar cannot be realized. The existing cooling mode mainly carries out circulation oil-feeding cooling on the peripheral water jacket of the heating part through cooling oil. However, the indirect cooling mode has some disadvantages, such as insensitive temperature control and larger delay, and parts are always in an alternating cold and hot environment, so that the service life is shortened, and meanwhile, the indirect cooling mode is low in universality and is not suitable for processing in industries such as grinding tools and the like because the requirements of high-speed continuous cutting cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oil-gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure and a working method thereof, which can simultaneously realize high-rotation-speed continuous cutting of a main shaft and extending processing of a main shaft of a W-axis boring bar, and simultaneously improve the sensitivity and timeliness of temperature control by directly cooling a main shaft heating part, thereby prolonging the service life of parts and enhancing the universality of the parts.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an oil gas boring bar machinery main shaft structure, includes main shaft overcoat, main shaft dabber, boring bar, support bearing, bearing gland, dustproof mechanical maze, metal cutting tool, broach mechanism, the interior cold module of cavity, oil gas cooling and controlling means, temperature detection device, speed detection device, wherein:
the main shaft jacket is installed in clearance fit with the central hole of the main shaft box body of the machine tool, and the end faces of the main shaft jacket are connected;
the spindle mandrel is arranged inside the spindle jacket and is a rotary part, and a flat key is arranged on the spindle mandrel;
the boring bar is arranged in the spindle mandrel, is connected with the groove in the spindle mandrel, rotates together with the spindle mandrel and can axially displace;
the support bearing is arranged between the main shaft outer sleeve and the main shaft core shaft and provides rotary support;
the bearing gland is arranged at the end part of the bearing and used for fixing the position of the bearing and adjusting the thickness of the bearing gland so as to adjust the pretightening force of the support bearing, thereby generating different spindle cutting performances;
the dustproof mechanical labyrinth is arranged between the support bearing and the bearing gland and is used for preventing impurities such as cutting particles and cooling liquid from polluting the bearing;
the metal cutting tool is arranged on the end face of the boring bar and used for cutting metal materials;
the broaching mechanism is arranged in the boring bar and used for tensioning the metal cutting tool;
the hollow internal cooling module is arranged at the inner center of the rod piece of the broaching mechanism and used for cooling the metal cutting tool;
the oil gas cooling and controlling device is arranged outside the main shaft, and an oil gas cooling medium enters the bearing through a pipeline and a runner preset in the main shaft jacket and is used for cooling the high-speed bearing;
the temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the main shaft bearing in real time;
and the speed detection device is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the main shaft.
Further, radial support of the front end and the rear end is performed by using a double-row cylindrical roller bearing.
Further, the front end adopts an O-shaped support of an oblique angle support bearing and a double-row cylindrical roller bearing for positioning and supporting; the rear end adopts a double-row cylindrical roller bearing for floating support; the temperature of the bearing rises, and the rigid material of the main shaft extends towards the rear end.
Further, the oil gas cooling and controlling device comprises the following specific components:
compressed air generated by the air compressor and ice oil cooled by the oil cooling equipment are introduced into the oil-gas mixer to generate a mixture of cooling oil and gas, the mixture is connected into a designed passage inside the main shaft, flows into a bearing position, is used for bearing lubrication and cooling, and the oil gas is discharged from the labyrinth structure to take away heat.
Further, the boring bar is connected with the main shaft through a sliding flat key, the main shaft and the boring bar are restrained from moving circumferentially, and the boring bar can axially move under the driving of the feed screw rod and the motor.
Further, the temperature sensor detects the temperature rise state of the position of the main shaft bearing in real time, a temperature rise interval is set, the temperature rise interval is higher than an interval value, the oil gas cooling medium supply rate is increased, the temperature is reduced, and when the temperature is lower than the interval value, the oil gas cooling medium supply rate is reduced, so that the temperature is stabilized in the set interval.
The boring machine comprises a boring bar, a main shaft, a front bearing front gland, a front labyrinth ring, a cylindrical roller bearing, an oil-gas split spacer ring, an angular contact bearing, a front bearing rear gland, a rear labyrinth ring, a lock nut, a three-way joint, a rear bearing outer ring support piece, a rear cylindrical roller bearing, a rear bearing gland, a pull claw, a pull rod, an elastic sheet gland, an oil-gas mixer, an air compressor, oil cooling equipment, a flat key, a main shaft shell and a cutter.
Further, the boring bar is connected with the main shaft through 4 flat keys to restrict circumferential movement, and moves along the axial direction together with the pull claw, the pull rod, the elastic sheet gland and the cutter, and the cutter extension processing function is realized through feeding movement; the pulling claw stretches backwards under the preset acting force of the elastic sheet to tighten the cutter;
the front end of the main shaft is provided with 3 bearings: 1 cylindrical roller bearing and 2 angular contact bearings; the front bearing outer ring is fixed through a front bearing front gland and a front bearing rear gland, and the front bearing is pre-tightened through locking nuts; the rear bearing is a 1-piece rear cylindrical roller bearing, is arranged on the main shaft and the outer ring support piece of the rear bearing, plays a role in radial support, and is locked by the rear bearing gland to prevent axial movement.
Further, compressed air generated by the air compressor and ice oil cooled by the oil cooling equipment are introduced into the oil-gas mixer to be mixed, split through the three-way joint, and are connected into a main shaft internal design passage through the main shaft shell and the rear bearing outer ring support piece to be cooled, and the oil gas is discharged from the front labyrinth ring and the rear labyrinth ring.
A working method of the oil gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure comprises the following steps:
the cylindrical roller bearing of the oil gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure is configured, the front end adopts a double-row cylindrical bearing, 2 large steel ball angular contact main shaft bearings are used as positioning bearings for axial and radial support, and the rear end adopts a double-row cylindrical bearing as a floating bearing;
boring bar expansion: the boring bar is connected with the main shaft through a flat key, is restrained from moving along the circumferential direction between the boring bar and the main shaft, rotates together with the main shaft, axially moves under the action of the pushing structure, and after the metal cutting tool is extended, the processing of the box body internal control process is carried out;
and (3) cooling control: compressed air generated by the air compressor and ice oil cooled by the oil cooling equipment are introduced into the oil-gas mixer for mixing, cooling oil and gas mixture is generated, the cooling oil and gas mixture is connected into the internal passage of the main shaft, flows into the bearing position for bearing lubrication and cooling, and the oil gas is discharged from the labyrinth ring structure to take away heat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) The heating of the bearing is reduced, the thermal extension of the main shaft is reduced, and the precision of the main shaft is improved;
(2) Meanwhile, high-speed continuous cutting and W-axis boring bar spindle extension processing are realized, the spindle speed is increased, the cutting range is increased, and high-speed continuous processing is realized;
(3) The main shaft heating part is directly cooled, so that the sensitivity and timeliness of temperature control are improved, the service life of parts is prolonged, the main shaft heating part is suitable for processing in industries such as grinding tools, and the universality is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the mechanical spindle structure of the oil and gas boring bar in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It is easy to understand that various embodiments of the present invention can be envisioned by those of ordinary skill in the art without altering the true spirit of the present invention in light of the present teachings. Accordingly, the following detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit or restrict the invention.
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
The invention provides an oil gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure, which comprises a main shaft outer sleeve, a main shaft core shaft, a boring bar, a supporting bearing, a bearing gland, a dustproof mechanical labyrinth, a metal cutting tool, a broach mechanism, a hollow internal cooling module, an oil gas cooling and controlling device, a temperature detecting device and a speed detecting device, wherein the main shaft outer sleeve is provided with a main shaft core shaft, a boring bar, a supporting bearing and a bearing gland, and the main shaft outer sleeve is provided with a main shaft core shaft:
the main shaft jacket is installed in clearance fit with the central hole of the main shaft box body of the machine tool, and the end faces of the main shaft jacket are connected;
the spindle mandrel is arranged inside the spindle jacket and is a rotary part, and a flat key is arranged on the spindle mandrel;
the boring bar is arranged in the spindle mandrel, is connected with the groove in the spindle mandrel, rotates together with the spindle mandrel and can axially displace;
the support bearing is arranged between the main shaft outer sleeve and the main shaft core shaft and provides rotary support;
the bearing gland is arranged at the end part of the bearing and used for fixing the position of the bearing and adjusting the thickness of the bearing gland so as to adjust the pretightening force of the support bearing, thereby generating different spindle cutting performances;
the dustproof mechanical labyrinth is arranged between the support bearing and the bearing gland and is used for preventing impurities such as cutting particles and cooling liquid from polluting the bearing;
the metal cutting tool is arranged on the end face of the boring bar and used for cutting metal materials;
the broaching mechanism is arranged in the boring bar and used for tensioning the metal cutting tool;
the hollow internal cooling module is arranged at the inner center of the rod piece of the broaching mechanism and used for cooling the metal cutting tool;
the oil gas cooling and controlling device is arranged outside the main shaft, and an oil gas cooling medium enters the bearing through a pipeline and a runner preset in the main shaft jacket and is used for cooling the high-speed bearing;
the temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the main shaft bearing in real time;
and the speed detection device is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the main shaft.
As a specific example, in the spindle structure of the oil-gas boring bar machine, the bearing arrangement mode controls the thermal extension structure, and the radial support of the front end and the rear end is performed by adopting the double-row cylindrical roller bearing, so that the radial cutting rigidity of the spindle is enhanced.
As a specific example, in the spindle structure of the oil-gas boring bar machine, the front end adopts an O-shaped support of an oblique angle support bearing and a double-row cylindrical roller bearing for positioning and supporting; the rear end adopts a double-row cylindrical roller bearing for floating support; the temperature of the bearing is increased, and the rigid material of the main shaft extends towards the rear end, so that the main shaft precision of the front end of the main shaft is not affected.
As a specific example, in the spindle structure of the oil-gas boring bar machine, the oil-gas lubrication cooling mode and the limit rotation speed lifting structure are as follows:
compressed air generated by the air compressor and ice oil cooled by oil cooling equipment are introduced into the oil-gas mixer to generate a mixture of cooling oil and gas, the mixture is connected into a main shaft internal design passage, and flows into a bearing position to lubricate the bearing and cool down, the oil gas is discharged from a labyrinth structure to take away heat, so that the temperature is quickly lowered in the mode, the thermal balance state is quickly reached, and the limit rotating speed is improved.
As a specific example, in the spindle structure of the oil-gas boring bar machine, the telescopic structure of the spindle of the boring bar is as follows: the boring bar is connected with the main shaft through a sliding flat key, the main shaft and the boring bar are restrained from moving circumferentially, and axial movement can be carried out under the drive of the feed screw rod and the motor.
As a specific example, in the spindle structure of the oil-gas boring bar machine, the heat balance control mode is as follows: the temperature sensor detects the temperature rise state of the position of the main shaft bearing in real time, sets a temperature rise interval, is higher than an interval value, increases the oil gas cooling medium supply rate, reduces the oil gas cooling medium supply rate when the temperature is lower than the interval value, and enables the temperature to be stable in the set interval.
As a specific example, the spindle structure of the oil-gas boring bar machine specifically comprises a boring bar 1, a spindle 2, a front bearing front gland 3, a front labyrinth ring 4, a cylindrical roller bearing 5, an oil-gas split spacer ring 6, an angular contact bearing 7, a front bearing rear gland 8, a rear labyrinth ring 9, a lock nut 10, a three-way joint 11, a rear bearing outer ring support 12, a rear cylindrical roller bearing 13, a rear bearing gland 14, a pull claw 15, a pull rod 16, an elastic sheet 17, an elastic sheet gland 18, an oil-gas mixer 19, an air compressor 20, oil cooling equipment 21, a flat key 22, a spindle housing 23 and a cutter 24.
As a specific example, in the spindle structure of the oil-gas boring bar machine, the boring bar 1 is connected with the spindle 2 through 4 flat keys 22 to restrict circumferential movement, the boring bar 1 moves along with the pull claw 15, the pull bar 16, the spring plate 17, the spring plate gland 18 and the cutter 24 in the axial direction, and the cutter extension processing function is realized through feeding movement; the pull claw 15 stretches backwards under the preset acting force of the elastic sheet 17 to tighten the cutter 24;
the front end of the main shaft is provided with 3 bearings: 1 cylindrical roller bearing 5, 2 angular contact bearings 7; the front bearing front gland 3 and the front bearing rear gland 8 are used for fixing the outer ring of the bearing, and the locking nut 10 is used for locking and pre-tightening the front bearing; the rear bearing is 1 rear cylindrical roller bearing 13, is arranged on the main shaft 2 and the rear bearing outer ring support piece 12, plays a radial supporting role, and the rear bearing gland 14 locks the bearing to prevent axial movement.
As a specific example, in the spindle structure of the oil-gas boring bar machine, compressed air generated by the air compressor 20 and ice cooled by the oil cooling device 21 are introduced into the oil-gas mixer 19 to be mixed, split by the three-way joint 11, and connected into a designed spindle internal passage through the spindle housing 23 and the rear bearing outer ring support 12 to be cooled, and the oil gas is discharged from the front labyrinth ring 4 and the rear labyrinth ring 9.
The invention also provides a working method of the oil gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure, which comprises the following steps:
the cylindrical roller bearing of the oil gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure is configured, the front end adopts a double-row cylindrical bearing, 2 large steel ball angular contact main shaft bearings are used as positioning bearings for axial and radial support, and the rear end adopts a double-row cylindrical bearing as a floating bearing;
boring bar expansion: the boring bar is connected with the main shaft through a flat key, is restrained from moving along the circumferential direction between the boring bar and the main shaft, rotates together with the main shaft, axially moves under the action of the pushing structure, and after the metal cutting tool is extended, the processing of the box body internal control process is carried out;
and (3) cooling control: compressed air generated by the air compressor and ice oil cooled by the oil cooling equipment are introduced into the oil-gas mixer for mixing, cooling oil and gas mixture is generated, the cooling oil and gas mixture is connected into the internal passage of the main shaft, flows into the bearing position for bearing lubrication and cooling, and the oil gas is discharged from the labyrinth ring structure to take away heat.
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Examples
FIG. 1 shows a novel spindle structure of an oil-gas boring bar and a cooling control mode according to the embodiment of the invention.
The oil-gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure specifically comprises a boring bar 1, a main shaft 2, a front bearing front gland 3, a front labyrinth ring 4, a cylindrical roller bearing 5, an oil-gas split spacer ring 6, an angular contact bearing 7, a front bearing rear gland 8, a rear labyrinth ring 9, a lock nut 10, a three-way joint 11, a rear bearing outer ring support 12, a rear cylindrical roller bearing 13, a rear bearing gland 14, a pull claw 15, a pull rod 16, an elastic sheet 17, an elastic sheet gland 18, an oil-gas mixer 19, an air compressor 20, oil cooling equipment 21, a flat key 22, a main shaft housing 23 and a cutter 24.
Structural relationship and working principle:
according to the oil-gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure, a boring bar 1 is connected with a main shaft 2 through 4 flat keys 22, the boring bar 1 moves along the axial direction together with a pull claw 15, a pull bar 16, an elastic sheet 17, an elastic sheet gland 18 and a cutter 24, and the cutter extension processing function is realized through feeding movement; the pull claw 15 stretches backwards under the preset acting force of the elastic sheet 17 to tighten the cutter 24;
the front end of the main shaft is provided with 3 bearings: 1 cylindrical roller bearing 5, 2 angular contact bearings 7; the front bearing front gland 3 and the front bearing rear gland 8 are used for fixing the outer ring of the bearing, and the locking nut 10 is used for locking and pre-tightening the front bearing; the rear bearing is 1 rear cylindrical roller bearing 13, is arranged on the main shaft 2 and the rear bearing outer ring support piece 12, plays a radial supporting role, and the rear bearing gland 14 locks the bearing to prevent axial movement.
Cooling principle: according to the oil-gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure, clean compressed air is generated through the air compressor 20 and is mixed with ice oil cooled by the oil cooling equipment 21, the ice oil is introduced into the oil-gas mixer 19 and is split through the three-way joint 11, and the ice oil is introduced into a main shaft internal design passage through the main shaft shell 23 and the rear bearing outer ring support piece 12 to be cooled, so that the oil gas is discharged from the front labyrinth ring 4 and the rear labyrinth ring 9, and heat is taken away.
The cylindrical roller bearing with three front and rear parts is high in rigidity and suitable for gravity cutting. The boring bar 1 can move, and deep cavity machining is convenient.
The embodiment also provides a main shaft structure of the oil gas boring bar machine and a cooling control mode:
the cylindrical roller bearing of the oil gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure is configured, the front end adopts a double-row cylindrical bearing and 2 large steel ball angular contact main shaft bearings as positioning bearings for axial and radial support, the rear end adopts the double-row cylindrical bearing as a floating bearing, the cutting capability is greatly enhanced, the radial rigidity is improved by 50%, the axial rigidity is improved by 30%, and the oil gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure is suitable for gravity cutting.
The boring bar is connected with the main shaft through a flat key, is restrained from moving along the circumferential direction between the boring bar and the main shaft, can rotate together with the main shaft, can axially move under the action of another pushing structure, can extend 700 length, and can extend the metal cutting tool by 700mm length for processing a box body internal control process.
The cooling control mode is that clean compressed air is generated through an air compressor and is mixed with ice oil cooled by oil cooling equipment by introducing the ice oil into an oil-gas mixer, then a cooling oil and gas mixture is generated, the cooling oil and gas mixture is connected into a main shaft internal design passage, flows into a bearing position, is lubricated by the bearing and is cooled, and the oil gas is discharged from a front labyrinth ring and a rear labyrinth ring to take away heat.
Further, this example can directly carry out oil gas mixing cooling and lubrication to the front and back bearing position that generates heat of main shaft, detects main shaft real-time temperature through main shaft temperature detection sensor, controls the temperature and the interval of beating oil of ice oil, through experimental detection, establishes temperature compensation model, with main shaft temperature control in the demand within range, reduces main shaft thermal elongation, improves the rotational speed of precision and improvement main shaft.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
It should be appreciated that in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes described in the context of a single embodiment or with reference to a single figure in order to streamline the invention and aid those skilled in the art in understanding the various aspects of the invention. The present invention should not, however, be construed as including features that are essential to the patent claims in the exemplary embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an oil gas boring bar machinery main shaft structure which characterized in that, includes main shaft overcoat, main shaft dabber, boring bar, support bearing, bearing gland, dustproof machinery maze, metal cutting tool, broach mechanism, hollow internal cooling module, oil gas cooling and controlling means, temperature-detecting device, speed-detecting device, wherein:
the main shaft jacket is installed in clearance fit with the central hole of the main shaft box body of the machine tool, and the end faces of the main shaft jacket are connected;
the spindle mandrel is arranged inside the spindle jacket and is a rotary part, and a flat key is arranged on the spindle mandrel;
the boring bar is arranged in the spindle mandrel, is connected with the groove in the spindle mandrel, rotates together with the spindle mandrel and can axially displace;
the support bearing is arranged between the main shaft outer sleeve and the main shaft core shaft and provides rotary support;
the bearing gland is arranged at the end part of the bearing and used for fixing the position of the bearing and adjusting the thickness of the bearing gland so as to adjust the pretightening force of the support bearing, thereby generating different spindle cutting performances;
the dustproof mechanical labyrinth is arranged between the support bearing and the bearing gland and is used for preventing impurities such as cutting particles and cooling liquid from polluting the bearing;
the metal cutting tool is arranged on the end face of the boring bar and used for cutting metal materials;
the broaching mechanism is arranged in the boring bar and used for tensioning the metal cutting tool;
the hollow internal cooling module is arranged at the inner center of the rod piece of the broaching mechanism and used for cooling the metal cutting tool;
the oil gas cooling and controlling device is arranged outside the main shaft, and an oil gas cooling medium enters the bearing through a pipeline and a runner preset in the main shaft jacket and is used for cooling the high-speed bearing;
the temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the main shaft bearing in real time;
and the speed detection device is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the main shaft.
2. The oil and gas boring bar mechanical spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein radial support of the front and rear ends is performed using double row cylindrical roller bearings.
3. The oil and gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure according to claim 2, wherein the front end adopts an O-shaped support of an oblique angle support bearing and a double-row cylindrical roller bearing for positioning support; the rear end adopts a double-row cylindrical roller bearing for floating support; the temperature of the bearing rises, and the rigid material of the main shaft extends towards the rear end.
4. The oil and gas boring bar mechanical spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein the oil and gas cooling and controlling device comprises the following specific components:
compressed air generated by the air compressor and ice oil cooled by the oil cooling equipment are introduced into the oil-gas mixer to generate a mixture of cooling oil and gas, the mixture is connected into a designed passage inside the main shaft, flows into a bearing position, is used for bearing lubrication and cooling, and the oil gas is discharged from the labyrinth structure to take away heat.
5. The oil-gas boring bar mechanical spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein the boring bar is connected with the spindle through a sliding flat key, the spindle and the boring bar are restrained from moving circumferentially, and the spindle can move axially under the drive of the feed screw and the motor.
6. The spindle structure of claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor detects the temperature rise state of the spindle bearing in real time, sets a temperature rise interval, increases the supply rate of the oil-gas cooling medium above the interval value, decreases the supply rate of the oil-gas cooling medium when the temperature is lower than the interval value, and stabilizes the temperature in the set interval.
7. The oil-gas boring bar mechanical spindle structure according to claim 1, comprising in particular a boring bar (1), a spindle (2), a front bearing front gland (3), a front labyrinth ring (4), a cylindrical roller bearing (5), an oil-gas split spacer ring (6), an angular contact bearing (7), a front bearing rear gland (8), a rear labyrinth ring (9), a lock nut (10), a three-way joint (11), a rear bearing outer ring support (12), a rear cylindrical roller bearing (13), a rear bearing gland (14), a pull claw (15), a pull rod (16), a spring plate (17), a spring plate gland (18), an oil-gas mixer (19), an air compressor (20), an oil cooling device (21), a flat key (22), a spindle housing (23) and a cutter (24).
8. The oil-gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure according to claim 7, wherein the boring bar (1) is connected with the main shaft (2) through 4 flat keys (22), the boring bar (1) moves along the axial direction together with the pull claw (15), the pull rod (16), the spring plate (17), the spring plate gland (18) and the cutter (24), and the cutter extension processing function is realized through the feeding movement; the pulling claw (15) stretches backwards under the preset acting force of the elastic sheet (17) to tighten the cutter (24);
the front end of the main shaft is provided with 3 bearings: 1 cylindrical roller bearing (5), 2 angular contact bearings (7); the front bearing outer ring is fixed through a front bearing front gland (3) and a front bearing rear gland (8), and the front bearing is pre-tightened through locking by a locking nut (10); the rear bearing is 1 rear cylindrical roller bearing (13), is arranged on the main shaft (2) and the rear bearing outer ring support piece (12), plays a radial supporting role, and the rear bearing gland (14) locks the bearing to prevent axial movement.
9. The oil-gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure according to claim 8, wherein compressed air generated by an air compressor (20) is mixed with ice cooled by an oil cooling device (21) and introduced into an oil-gas mixer (19), split by a three-way joint (11), and introduced into a main shaft internal design passage through a main shaft shell (23) and a rear bearing outer ring support (12) for cooling, and the oil gas is discharged from a front labyrinth ring (4) and a rear labyrinth ring (9).
10. A working method of a spindle structure of an oil-gas boring bar machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
the cylindrical roller bearing of the oil gas boring bar mechanical main shaft structure is configured, the front end adopts a double-row cylindrical bearing, 2 large steel ball angular contact main shaft bearings are used as positioning bearings for axial and radial support, and the rear end adopts a double-row cylindrical bearing as a floating bearing;
boring bar expansion: the boring bar is connected with the main shaft through a flat key, is restrained from moving along the circumferential direction between the boring bar and the main shaft, rotates together with the main shaft, axially moves under the action of the pushing structure, and after the metal cutting tool is extended, the processing of the box body internal control process is carried out;
and (3) cooling control: compressed air generated by the air compressor and ice oil cooled by the oil cooling equipment are introduced into the oil-gas mixer for mixing, cooling oil and gas mixture is generated, the cooling oil and gas mixture is connected into the internal passage of the main shaft, flows into the bearing position for bearing lubrication and cooling, and the oil gas is discharged from the labyrinth ring structure to take away heat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310885271.9A CN116673505A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Main shaft structure of oil-gas boring bar machine and working method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310885271.9A CN116673505A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Main shaft structure of oil-gas boring bar machine and working method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116673505A true CN116673505A (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310885271.9A Pending CN116673505A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Main shaft structure of oil-gas boring bar machine and working method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116673505A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-18 CN CN202310885271.9A patent/CN116673505A/en active Pending
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Effective date of registration: 20240409 Address after: No. 20 Beichajiabang Road, Xinzhuang Town, Changshu City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215562 Applicant after: Deyang Intelligent Equipment (Suzhou) Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 210094 Xuanwu District, Jiangsu, Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing Applicant before: NANJING University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Country or region before: China |