JP3724740B2 - Tube enteral nutrition containing coenzyme Q10 - Google Patents

Tube enteral nutrition containing coenzyme Q10 Download PDF

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JP3724740B2
JP3724740B2 JP2003108762A JP2003108762A JP3724740B2 JP 3724740 B2 JP3724740 B2 JP 3724740B2 JP 2003108762 A JP2003108762 A JP 2003108762A JP 2003108762 A JP2003108762 A JP 2003108762A JP 3724740 B2 JP3724740 B2 JP 3724740B2
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coq
parts
liquid food
weight
enteral nutrient
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JP2004075664A (en
JP2004075664A5 (en
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高志 東口
惣七 斉藤
明宏 長谷川
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日清キョーリン製薬株式会社
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  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、慢性呼吸器疾患の予防および/または治療、または術前・術後の患者に投与して早期回復を促すための経管経腸栄養剤に関する。詳細には、コエンザイムQ10(以下、CoQ10と呼称する)を含有する、慢性閉塞性肺疾患を予防および/または治療、または術前・術後に患者に投与して早期回復を促すための栄養療法に有用な経管経腸栄養剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
CoQ10は、一般名ユビデカレノン(分子式C59904、分子量 863.36)であり、水に殆ど溶けないがエーテルなどでは高い溶解性を示し、光により分解してヒドロキノン体やユビクロメノールなどを生成する物質として知られている。CoQ10は、補酵素としての生物活性をもつだけでなく、酸素利用効率を改善させる作用を有するビタミン様作用物質として知られている。また、CoQ10は、鬱血組織に作用するほか、生体膜の安定化や抗酸化などの作用を有すると考えられ、臨床的には狭心症、心不全、虚血性心疾患、筋ジストロフィーの症状改善に薬理効果が認められている。
【0003】
しかしながら、CoQ10は融点の低い親油性固体であり、水に難溶性のために経口投与における吸収性が低いことが知られている。このため、CoQ10を投与する場合、その吸収性の向上を図り、且つ分離、凝集、結晶化など起こさないようにすることが求められる。また、流動食などとして経口的に摂取させるために、安全性を考慮することも重要である。
【0004】
一方、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COPD)は、慢性気管支炎または肺気腫が基礎疾患になって引き起こされる、閉塞性の換気障害であり、急性増悪を繰り返して徐々に呼吸機能が低下し、これによりクオリティ・オブ・ライフ(QOL)が著しく損なわれる。特に、高齢者、虚弱者に多く、社会の高齢化につれて確実に増加すると予測されている。
【0005】
また、慢性呼吸器疾患は、呼吸機能の低下と同時に栄養状態が悪化して栄養障害を伴うことが知られている。近年、慢性呼吸器疾患、特に慢性閉塞性肺疾患に伴う栄養障害において、疾患の予後、呼吸筋力、閉塞性換気障害、運動能、感染防御能、クオリティ・オブ・ライフ(QOL)等が栄養障害と密接に関連することが明らかとなった(栄養臨床, Vol.99, No.6, pp.767-771, 2001年11月;JJPEN, Vol.23, No.5, pp.257-261, 2001年)。このため、栄養障害を伴う慢性呼吸器疾患の患者の栄養状態を管理して、必要な栄養素を補給する栄養療法がその予後不良、呼吸筋障害を予防・改善のために期待されている。しかし、現在までに慢性呼吸不全における栄養障害とCoQ10との関連性およびその栄養療法にCoQ10を用いたという報告はなく、慢性閉塞性肺疾患の栄養療法におけるCoQ10の効果は不明であった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、慢性呼吸器疾患、特に慢性閉塞性肺疾患の予防および/または治療、または術前・術後に患者に投与して早期回復を促すための栄養療法に有用であり、且つCoQ10の吸収性に優れ、性状の安定性が良く、CoQ10を効果的に補給できる経管経腸栄養剤を提供することである。特に、短期間の投与で患者の栄養状態および呼吸障害を改善しうる経管経腸栄養剤を提供することである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、水難溶性である不溶性のCoQ10を栄養剤に添加・配合すると、流動食中への分散性、正常の安定性に優れ、且つCoQ10の吸収性に優れた経管経腸栄養剤が得られることを見出した。また、当該経管経腸栄養剤を慢性閉塞性肺疾患等の慢性呼吸器疾患の患者に投与または摂取させた場合、短期間で栄養状態を改善し、その予後不良を予防・改善すると共に、呼吸機能障害を修復し得ることを見出した。さらに、経管経腸栄養剤およびこれを含有する食品は、慢性閉塞性肺疾患ばかりでなく、術前・術後の患者に投与または摂取させてもよく、この場合、酸化的ストレスから患者を早期回復させることができ、その結果、術後の治療期間、例えば入院日数などを短縮させることができた。
【0008】
従って、本発明はCoQ10を含有する、慢性閉塞性肺疾患の予防および/または治療、または術前・術後の患者に投与して早期回復を促すための経管経腸栄養剤に関する。具体的には、CoQ10 0.0005〜0.2質量部、タンパク質30〜100質量部、糖質50〜400質量部および脂質1〜50質量部からなる経管経腸栄養剤に関する。当該栄養剤中のCoQ10の含量はその剤形、所望される投与・摂取量等により異なるが、経管経腸栄養剤が液状の場合には100mL当たり、0.5〜50mg、好ましくは1〜10mgの範囲である。
【0009】
本発明の経管経腸栄養剤は、流動食、好ましくは高栄養・高エネルギーの濃厚流動食として用いられる。この場合、流動食は水等の水性流動媒体を添加して液状に調製してもよいが、粉末またはペースト状で調製し、予めまたは摂取時に所定量の水性流動媒体に溶解または分散させて用いてもよい。故に、本発明の流動食は、CoQ10 0.0005〜0.2質量部、タンパク質30〜100質量部、糖質50〜400質量部、脂質1〜50質量部および水性流動媒体400〜1000質量部からなり、且つ100mL当たりのエネルギーが50kcal以上であることを特徴とする。
【0010】
本発明の経管経腸栄養剤は、さらに種々のビタミン、ミネラル、食物繊維、多価不飽和脂肪酸などのその他の栄養素、分散剤および乳化剤等の安定剤、甘味料、呈味成分、フレーバー等を配合することができる。本発明の経管経腸栄養剤は、栄養障害を伴う慢性呼吸器疾患、特に慢性閉塞性肺疾患の患者にCoQ10を含む必要な栄養とエネルギーを経腸栄養補給法により確実に補給することができ、術前・術後の患者に投与して早期回復を促すことができる。
【0011】
本発明はまた、当該経管経腸栄養剤を含む食品、好ましくは液状食品に関する。液状食品は、最初から液状食品として調製してもよいが、粉末またはペースト状で調製し、所定量の水性流動媒体に溶解するものでもよい。液状食品は、風味をよくするために種々の添加剤、例えば呈味成分、フレーバー等を添加するのが好ましい。本発明の食品は、比較的症状の軽い患者の在宅治療、QOLもしくは予後の改善に有用である。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
CoQ10は水に難溶性であるため、通常は植物性油、動物性油等の非親水性有機溶媒に溶解するか、または乳化剤、分散剤もしくは界面活性剤等を用いて水性溶液中に分散・乳化させて用いられる。しかし、本発明の経管経腸栄養剤では、他の栄養素、具体的にはタンパク質、糖質、脂質等と一緒に配合するだけでよく、当該栄養剤中におけるCoQ10は分散性に優れ、容易に凝集・沈降することがない。本発明の経管経腸栄養剤は、CoQ10 0.0005〜0.2質量部、好ましくは0.001〜0.05質量部を含有する。前述のように流動食の場合には、100mL当たりのCoQ10の含有量は0.5〜50mg、好ましくは1〜10mgの範囲であるが、これはCoQ10の日用量、さらには分散安定性や風味等を考慮して適宜決定される。CoQ10の日用量は、摂取者の健康状態等により異なるが、通常は5〜200mgの範囲、好ましくは10〜100mgである。
【0013】
本発明の経管経腸栄養剤の用途が流動食である場合、タンパク質、糖質、脂質および植物繊維等の各成分の組成およびその量は、流動食自体のエネルギー量、所望される各栄養素の量、配合するCoQ10の量等を考慮して適宜決定することができるが、流動食100mL当たりのエネルギー量は、50kcal以上、好ましくは100kcal以上乃至230kcal以下となるように各成分の配合を調整する。
【0014】
本発明の経管経腸栄養剤に用いうるタンパク質には、例えばカゼイン、カゼインナトリウムもしくはカゼインカルシウム等のカゼイン塩、鶏卵タンパク質、乳タンパク質、肉タンパク質などの動物性タンパク質;大豆タンパク質もしくは大豆ペプチド等の植物性タンパク質が含まれ、これらのタンパク質のうち1種のみまたは2種以上の組み合わせを用いてもよい。また、これらのタンパク質の分解物やアミノ酸を使用することができる。タンパク質の含有量は30〜100質量部、好ましくは40〜60質量部であるが、具体的には流動食の全エネルギー量の5〜30%、好ましくは10〜25%の範囲とする。
【0015】
本発明の経管経腸栄養剤に用いうる糖質の例には、マルトデキストリン、デキストリン、粉飴、さらにブドウ糖、果糖等の単糖類、マルトース、乳糖等の二糖類、グラニュー糖、オリゴ糖が含まれ、これらの糖質のうち1種のみまたは2種以上の組み合わせを用いてもよい。糖質の含有量は50〜400質量部、好ましくは100〜200質量部であるが、具体的には流動食の全エネルギー量の10〜70%、好ましくは50〜70%の範囲とする。
【0016】
使用しうる脂質の例には、米糠油、大豆油、綿実油、サフラワー油、ヒマワリ油、コーン油、菜種油、オリーブ油、パーム油、シソ油、エゴマ油、ヤシ油などの植物油;牛脂などの動物油;魚油;中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド(MCT);さらにその他の合成トリグリセリド等が含まれ、これらの脂質のうち1種のみまたは2種以上の組み合わせを用いてもよい。脂質の含有量は1〜50質量部、好ましくは15〜35質量部であるが、具体的には流動食の全エネルギー量の1〜50%、好ましくは15〜45%の範囲とする。
【0017】
使用しうる食物繊維の例には、セルロース、リグニン、レジスタントスターチ、ポリデキストロース、オリゴ糖、グアガム酵素分解物などの難消化性の多糖類等が含まれる。これらの食物繊維のうち1種のみまたは2種以上の組み合わせを用いてもよい。食物繊維の含有量は、0〜50質量部、好ましくは0.5〜45質量部である。
【0018】
添加しうるビタミンの例には、ビタミンA、ビタミンB1、ビタミンB2、ビタミンB6、ビタミンB12、ビタミンC、ビタミンD、ビタミンK、ナイアシン、葉酸、パントテン酸などの脂溶性または水溶性のビタミンが含まれ、これらのビタミンを1種のみまたは2種以上の組み合わせを用いてもよい。各ビタミンの配合量は、例えば第6次改定日本人の栄養所要量(第1出版社発行)に記載の80歳の男子生活活動強度Iに記載の摂取量(目標摂取量)に従って決定することができる。
【0019】
添加しうるミネラルの例には、カルシウム、鉄、ナトリウム、カリウム、リン、マグネシウム等が含まれ、これらのミネラルの1種のみまたは2種以上の組み合わせを用いてもよい。これらのミネラル類の配合量は、前記と同様に第6次改定「日本人の栄養所要量」に記載の摂取量(目標摂取量)に従って決定することができる。
【0020】
しかし、マグネシウムの欠乏は、神経疾患、精神疾患、不整脈などの誘引ともなり、カルシウムは骨粗鬆症を予防または改善しうるため、これらのミネラル成分を経管経腸栄養剤に添加・配合することが好ましい。その配合量は通常、カルシウムは約500〜1000mg/Lの範囲、マグネシウムは約250〜500mg/Lの範囲とする。その際、心筋梗塞や虚血性心疾患等の疾患を予防するためにも、カルシウムとマグネシウムを重量比でCa:Mg=2:1〜1:1となるように配合することが好ましい。
【0021】
上記の適切な配合比の理由は、マグネシウムが細胞内でエネルギー源となる酵素ATPアーゼを活性化する働きを有し、ATPアーゼが細胞内に存在するカルシウムポンプを活性化し、これにより細胞内のカルシウム濃度が低く維持されるためである。故に、適量のマグネシウムを配合することにより、血管平滑筋においてもマグネシウムにより細胞内のカルシウム濃度が低く維持され、その結果、血管平滑筋のれん縮が起こるのが阻止され、虚血性心疾患が予防される。
【0022】
添加しうる多価不飽和脂肪酸の例には、リノール酸、α−リノレン酸、ドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)、エイコサペンタエン酸(EPA)が含まれ、これらのうち1種のみまたは2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
【0023】
また、添加剤として本発明の経管経腸栄養剤に添加しうる乳化剤の例には、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、リン脂質、アラビアガム、キサンタンガム、トラガカントガム、グアガム、ローカストビーンガムまたはこれら2種以上の混合物が含まれる。さらに、例えば塩化ナトリウム、グルタミン酸ナトリウム、クエン酸、クエン酸ナトリウム、果汁などの呈味成分、コーヒー風味、抹茶風味、ミルク風味などのフレーバーなどを適宜配合することができる。
【0024】
本発明の経管経腸栄養剤は、水または温水などの水性流動媒体に溶解または分散させた流動食の形態で提供されるが、水性流動媒体を添加せずに粉末状、固形状、ペースト状等の形態とすることができる。この場合、これらは予めまたは摂取時に水または温水などの水性流動媒体に溶解または分散させて用いる。流動食の調製は常法に従って行うことができる。例えば、秤量した各成分を水に投入して、十分に混合した後、乳化させ、レトルト・パウチ内に充填密封し、殺菌処理を行うことによって流動食を製造することができる。
【0025】
このようにして得られる流動食は、栄養障害を伴う慢性呼吸器疾患患者に十分な量のCoQ10を補給すると同時に、必要な栄養とエネルギーを供給することができ、また、術前・術後の患者に投与して早期回復を促すことができる。
【0026】
下記の実施例により本発明を説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例のみに限定されるものではない。なお、本発明の実施例では全て、日清ファルマ株式会社製のCoQ10を用いた。
【0027】
【実施例】
実施例1
表1に示す処方に従って各成分を秤量した。次に、約65℃の純水にカゼインナトリウム、カゼインカルシウム、マルトデキストリン、ミネラル分散液、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、オリゴ糖、米糠油、菜種油およびMCT(予め、CoQ10、脂溶性ビタミンおよび水溶性ビタミンを分散させた)を添加して混合した。
各成分を混合後、混合液をホモミクサーに投入し、約9000rpmで15分間粗乳化した。次いで、混合液を65℃に加温し、10分間放置した後、高圧乳化機にて精乳化した(500kf/cm2 2パス)。得られた乳化液を約20℃まで冷却し、香料を添加後、メスアップを行った。充填タンクを約8℃に冷却し、200rpmで攪拌しながら、得られた乳化液を投入した。次いで、充填タンクからパウチへ本液225gを充填後、窒素置換を行いながらパウチを密封し、121℃で14分間殺菌を行って濃厚流動食を得た。
得られた濃厚流動食は100mLあたり100kcalのエネルギーを有する。また、この濃厚流動食を分析した結果、CoQ10の含量は5mg/100mLであり、平均粒子径0.87μm、pH6.9、浸透圧426m0smであった。性状は乳白色の乳濁液で、わずかに甘い風味があった。この濃厚流動食は、CoQ10の含有量とその乳化安定性および風味などにおいて良好であった。
【0028】
実施例2
表1に示す処方に従って各成分を秤量した。次に、約65℃の純水に、予めMCTに分散させたCoQ10、脂溶性ビタミンおよび水溶性ビタミン、タンパク質、糖質、脂質、ミネラル並びに乳化剤を添加して混合した。混合液をホモミクサーに投入し、約9000rpmで20分間粗乳化した。次いで、高圧乳化機にて精乳化(500kgf/cm2 2パス)行った。得られた乳化液を約20℃まで冷却し、香料を添加後、メスアップを行った。メスアップを行った液を充填タンクに移し、パウチへ226g充填後、窒素置換を行いながらパウチを密封し、123℃で14分間殺菌を行って濃厚流動食を得た。
得られた濃厚流動食は100mLあたり150kcalのエネルギーを有する。また、この濃厚流動食を分析した結果、CoQ10の含有量は7.5mg/100mLであり、pH6.88、平均粒子径0.96μm、浸透圧456m0smであった。性状は乳白色の乳濁液で、わずかに甘い風味があった。この濃厚流動食は実施例1と同様に、CoQ10の含有量とその乳化安定性および風味などにおいて良好であった。
【0029】
実施例3
表1に示す量のタンパク質、糖質、脂質、ミネラルおよび乳化剤と共に、同表に示す量の食物繊維(グアガム酵素分解物)を投入し、実施例2と同様にして濃厚流動食を得た。得られた濃厚流動食は100mLあたり100kcalのエネルギーを有する。また、この濃厚流動食中のCoQ10の含有量は5mg/100mLであり、pH7.01、平均粒子径0.69μm、浸透圧432m0smであった。性状は乳白色の乳濁液で、わずかに甘い風味があった。この濃厚流動食は実施例1と同様に、CoQ10の含有量とその乳化安定性および風味などにおいて良好であった。
【0030】
比較例1
CoQ10を添加しないこと以外は、実施例3の配合および方法と同様にして濃厚流動食を得た。得られた濃厚流動食は100mLあたり100kcalのエネルギーを有する。また、この濃厚流動食中のCoQ10の含有量は5mg/100mLであり、pH7.01、平均粒子径0.68μm、浸透圧430m0smであった。性状は乳白色の乳濁液で、わずかに甘い風味があった。この濃厚流動食は実施例3と同様にその乳化安定性、風味などにおいて良好であった。
【0031】
【表1】

Figure 0003724740
【0032】
試験例1
慢性呼吸器疾患に対する本発明の経管経腸栄養剤の効果を下記の比較試験により評価した。
6名の慢性閉塞性肺疾患の患者(被験者)について、実施例3の濃厚流動食を濃厚流動食をA〜Cの3名に、また比較例1の濃厚流動食をD〜Fの3名に投与した。流動食は1日2回、朝食と昼食の間および昼食と夕食の間に、200mLずつ(1回にCoQ10 10mg)合計1日400mLを4週間投与した。投与開始時、投与開始後2週間、4週間において、呼吸の状態、身体の調子および食欲について問診すると共に、上腕筋位(AMC)、上腕三頭筋皮下脂肪(TSF)、最大呼気圧(MEP)、最大吸気圧(MIP)および血中酸素飽和度(SaO2)を測定した。なお、AMC、TSF、MEP、MIPおよびSaO2は基準値に対する百分率にて表す。
【0033】
その結果、CoQ10を含有する実施例3の濃厚流動食を投与した場合には、極めて短期間の投与で呼吸筋力を示すMEPおよびMIP、並びに換気機能を示すSaO2について顕著な改善が認められ、さらに筋力の指標であるAMCが向上した(表2を参照)。これに対し、CoQ10を含まない比較例1の場合、身体の調子および食欲については改善が認められるが、呼吸筋力および換気機能等の呼吸機能はほとんど変化は観察されなかった(表3を参照)。
【0034】
【表2】
Figure 0003724740
【0035】
試験例2
本発明の経管経腸栄養剤を術前・術後の患者に投与した場合の本発明の効果を、下記の比較試験により評価した。
消化器外科の高齢者待機手術12例について、CoQ10摂取群(n=6);ライフロンQL(CoQ10 5mg/100mL含有、脂肪45%、糖質37%、タンパク質18%;日清キョーリン製薬)投与、および対照群(n=6);ライフロンPZ−II(脂肪27.5%、糖質52.5%、タンパク質20%;日清キョーリン製薬)投与の2群にわけ、1日2回(200kcal/200mL/回)術前1週間、術後3〜14日連日投与した。
その結果、術前呼吸筋力改善率がCoQ10摂取群では5/6例(83.3%)と、対照群の1/6例(16.7%)に比べて有意に高率であることが認められ、ならびに術後合併症発生率についてはCoQ10摂取群では1/6例(16.7%)と、対照群の2/6例(33.3%)に比べて低率で、CoQ10摂取群には呼吸器合併症は認められなかった。さらに、人工呼吸器管理期間は、CoQ10摂取群では平均10.3時間と、対照群の15.3時間に比して有意な短縮が認められ、CoQ10含有経管経腸栄養剤を摂取することにより、患者を早期回復させ得ることが示された。ちなみに総医療費(手術費用を除く)に関してはCoQ10摂取群で明らかに安価であることが示された。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、慢性呼吸器疾患に伴う呼吸機能障害および栄養障害を極めて短期間に改善することができ、また術前・術後の患者への投与により患者の早期回復を促すことができる経管経腸栄養剤が提供される。本発明の経管経腸栄養剤は、CoQ10の吸収性に優れ、且つ凝集反応などを起こさず、性状安定性がよく、風味も良好である。このため、慢性呼吸器疾患、特に慢性閉塞性肺疾患に起因する栄養障害の患者に栄養補給法により必要な栄養とエネルギーおよび十分な量のCoQ10を補給して、極めて短期間に患者の栄養状態を改善することができるばかりでなく、予後の改善および呼吸機能障害の修復等に極めて効果的である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tube enteral nutrient for preventing and / or treating chronic respiratory diseases, or for promoting early recovery by administration to patients before and after surgery. Specifically, for prevention and / or treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease containing coenzyme Q 10 (hereinafter referred to as CoQ 10 ), or for preoperative / postoperative administration to promote early recovery The present invention relates to a tube enteral nutrient useful for nutrition therapy.
[0002]
[Prior art]
CoQ 10 has a general name ubidecalenone (molecular formula C 59 H 90 O 4 , molecular weight 863.36) and hardly dissolves in water, but exhibits high solubility in ethers, etc., and decomposes by light to decompose hydroquinone, ubichromenol, etc. It is known as a substance that produces. CoQ 10 is known as a vitamin-like substance having not only a biological activity as a coenzyme but also an effect of improving oxygen utilization efficiency. In addition to acting on congested tissues, CoQ 10 is thought to have biological membrane stabilization and antioxidant effects, clinically improving the symptoms of angina, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and muscular dystrophy. Pharmacological effects have been observed.
[0003]
However, CoQ 10 is a lipophilic solid having a low melting point, and is poorly soluble in water and is known to have low absorbability in oral administration. Therefore, when administering CoQ 10, aims to improve the absorption properties, and separation, agglomeration, it is required to prevent causing crystallization, and others. It is also important to consider safety in order to ingest orally as a liquid food.
[0004]
On the other hand, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an obstructive ventilation disorder caused by chronic bronchitis or pulmonary emphysema, and its respiratory function gradually declines after repeated acute exacerbations. However, this significantly impairs quality of life (QOL). In particular, it is expected to increase steadily with the aging of society.
[0005]
In addition, it is known that chronic respiratory diseases are accompanied by nutritional disorders due to deterioration of nutritional status simultaneously with a decrease in respiratory function. In recent years, in nutritional disorders associated with chronic respiratory diseases, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, the prognosis of the disease, respiratory muscle strength, obstructive ventilation disorder, exercise ability, infection defense ability, quality of life (QOL), etc. (Journal of Nutrition, Vol.99, No.6, pp.767-771, November 2001; JJPEN, Vol.23, No.5, pp.257-261, 2001). For this reason, nutritional therapy that manages the nutritional status of patients with chronic respiratory diseases accompanied by nutritional disorders and replenishes necessary nutrients is expected to prevent and improve poor prognosis and respiratory muscle disorders. However, to date, there has been no report of the relationship between nutritional disorders in chronic respiratory failure and CoQ 10 and the use of CoQ 10 for nutritional therapy, and the effect of CoQ 10 in nutritional therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is unknown. It was.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is useful for the prevention and / or treatment of chronic respiratory diseases, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or nutritional therapy for administering to a patient before or after surgery to promote early recovery, and The object is to provide a tube enteral nutrient that is excellent in absorbability of CoQ 10 , has good property stability, and can effectively replenish CoQ 10 . In particular, it is to provide an enteral enteral nutrient that can improve a patient's nutritional status and respiratory problems with short-term administration.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have added and blended insoluble CoQ 10 that is sparingly water-soluble into a nutrient, and is excellent in dispersibility in liquid food and normal stability. In addition, the present inventors have found that a tube enteral nutrient excellent in CoQ 10 absorbability can be obtained. In addition, when the tube enteral nutrient is administered or ingested to patients with chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the nutritional state is improved in a short period of time, and the prognosis is prevented and improved. It has been found that respiratory dysfunction can be repaired. In addition, tube enteral nutrients and foods containing them may be administered or ingested not only by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but also by pre- and post-operative patients. It was possible to recover early, and as a result, it was possible to shorten the postoperative period of treatment, such as hospitalization days.
[0008]
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a tube enteral nutrient containing CoQ 10 for preventing and / or treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or administering it to a patient before or after surgery to promote early recovery. Specifically, the present invention relates to an enteral enteral nutrient comprising CoQ 10 0.0005 to 0.2 part by mass, protein 30 to 100 parts by mass, carbohydrate 50 to 400 parts by mass, and lipid 1 to 50 parts by mass. The content of CoQ 10 in the nutrient varies depending on the dosage form, desired administration and intake, etc., but when the enteral nutrient is liquid, 0.5 to 50 mg per 100 mL, preferably 1 It is in the range of -10 mg.
[0009]
The tube enteral nutrient of the present invention is used as a liquid food, preferably a high nutrition / high energy concentrated liquid food. In this case, the liquid food may be prepared in a liquid state by adding an aqueous fluid medium such as water, but it is prepared in a powder or paste form and used by dissolving or dispersing in a predetermined amount of the aqueous fluid medium at the time of ingestion. May be. Therefore, the liquid food of the present invention comprises CoQ 10 0.0005 to 0.2 parts by mass, protein 30 to 100 parts by mass, carbohydrates 50 to 400 parts by mass, lipid 1 to 50 parts by mass, and aqueous fluid medium 400 to 1000 parts by mass. The energy per 100 mL is 50 kcal or more.
[0010]
The tube enteral nutrition of the present invention further includes various vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, other nutrients such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, stabilizers such as dispersants and emulsifiers, sweeteners, flavoring ingredients, flavors, etc. Can be blended. The tube enteral nutrient of the present invention reliably supplies the necessary nutrition and energy containing CoQ 10 to patients with chronic respiratory diseases accompanied by nutritional disorders, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, by the enteral nutrition supplementation method. It can be administered to patients before and after surgery to promote early recovery.
[0011]
The present invention also relates to a food, preferably a liquid food containing the tube enteral nutrient. The liquid food may be prepared from the beginning as a liquid food, but may be prepared in a powder or paste form and dissolved in a predetermined amount of an aqueous fluid medium. In order to improve the flavor of the liquid food, it is preferable to add various additives such as a taste ingredient, flavor and the like. The food of the present invention is useful for home treatment, QOL or improvement of prognosis of patients with relatively mild symptoms.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Since CoQ 10 is poorly soluble in water, it is usually dissolved in non-hydrophilic organic solvents such as vegetable oils and animal oils, or dispersed in an aqueous solution using an emulsifier, a dispersant or a surfactant.・ Used after emulsification. However, the tube enteral nutrient of the present invention only needs to be blended together with other nutrients, specifically proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, etc. CoQ 10 in the nutrient is excellent in dispersibility, Does not easily aggregate or settle. The tube enteral nutrient of the present invention contains 0.0005 to 0.2 parts by mass of CoQ 10 , preferably 0.001 to 0.05 parts by mass. As described above, in the case of a liquid food, the content of CoQ 10 per 100 mL is in the range of 0.5 to 50 mg, preferably 1 to 10 mg. This is the daily dose of CoQ 10 and also the dispersion stability. It is determined appropriately in consideration of the taste and flavor. The daily dose of CoQ 10 varies depending on the health condition of the intake person, but is usually in the range of 5 to 200 mg, preferably 10 to 100 mg.
[0013]
When the use of the tube enteral nutrient of the present invention is a liquid food, the composition and amount of each component such as protein, carbohydrate, lipid and plant fiber is determined by the energy amount of the liquid food itself, each desired nutrient amount, although the amounts and the like of CoQ 10 to be blended may be appropriately determined in consideration of the energy per liquid diet 100mL is above 50 kcal, preferably the formulation of each component so that the above to 230kcal less 100kcal adjust.
[0014]
Examples of the protein that can be used in the tube enteral nutrient of the present invention include casein salts such as casein, sodium caseinate or casein calcium, animal proteins such as egg protein, milk protein, meat protein; soy protein or soy peptide, etc. Plant proteins are included, and only one or a combination of two or more of these proteins may be used. Moreover, degradation products and amino acids of these proteins can be used. The protein content is 30 to 100 parts by mass, preferably 40 to 60 parts by mass. Specifically, the protein content is 5 to 30%, preferably 10 to 25% of the total amount of liquid food.
[0015]
Examples of carbohydrates that can be used in the tube enteral nutrient of the present invention include maltodextrin, dextrin, powder cake, monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose, disaccharides such as maltose and lactose, granulated sugar, and oligosaccharide. It is included, and only one type or a combination of two or more of these carbohydrates may be used. The content of the saccharide is 50 to 400 parts by mass, preferably 100 to 200 parts by mass, specifically 10 to 70%, preferably 50 to 70% of the total energy amount of the liquid food.
[0016]
Examples of lipids that can be used include rice bran oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, palm oil, perilla oil, sesame oil, coconut oil and other vegetable oils; Fish oil; medium chain fatty acid triglycerides (MCT); and other synthetic triglycerides and the like, and only one or a combination of two or more of these lipids may be used. The lipid content is 1 to 50 parts by mass, preferably 15 to 35 parts by mass, specifically, 1 to 50%, preferably 15 to 45% of the total energy of the liquid food.
[0017]
Examples of dietary fibers that can be used include indigestible polysaccharides such as cellulose, lignin, resistant starch, polydextrose, oligosaccharides, and guar gum enzymatic degradation products. Of these dietary fibers, only one or a combination of two or more may be used. The content of dietary fiber is 0 to 50 parts by mass, preferably 0.5 to 45 parts by mass.
[0018]
Examples of vitamins that can be added include vitamin A, vitamin B 1 , vitamin B 2 , vitamin B 6 , vitamin B 12 , vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin K, niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, etc. These vitamins may be included, and these vitamins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of each vitamin should be determined according to the intake (target intake) described in the 80-year-old male lifestyle activity intensity I described in the 6th revised Japanese nutritional requirements (published by 1st publisher), for example. Can do.
[0019]
Examples of minerals that can be added include calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, and the like, and only one or a combination of two or more of these minerals may be used. The blending amount of these minerals can be determined in accordance with the intake amount (target intake amount) described in the sixth revised “Japanese nutritional requirement” in the same manner as described above.
[0020]
However, deficiency of magnesium can also induce neurological diseases, mental illnesses, arrhythmia, etc., and calcium can prevent or improve osteoporosis, so it is preferable to add and mix these mineral components in the enteral enteral nutrient . The blending amount is usually in the range of about 500 to 1000 mg / L for calcium and in the range of about 250 to 500 mg / L for magnesium. At that time, in order to prevent diseases such as myocardial infarction and ischemic heart disease, it is preferable to mix calcium and magnesium so that the weight ratio of Ca: Mg = 2: 1 to 1: 1.
[0021]
The reason for the above appropriate mixing ratio is that magnesium has the function of activating the enzyme ATPase which is an energy source in the cell, and the ATPase activates the calcium pump present in the cell, thereby This is because the calcium concentration is kept low. Therefore, by adding an appropriate amount of magnesium, the intracellular calcium concentration is also kept low by magnesium in vascular smooth muscle. As a result, the occurrence of vascular smooth muscle spasm is prevented and ischemic heart disease is prevented. The
[0022]
Examples of polyunsaturated fatty acids that can be added include linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), of which only one or a combination of two or more It may be used.
[0023]
Examples of emulsifiers that can be added to the enteral nutrient of the present invention as additives include glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, phospholipid, gum arabic, xanthan gum, Tragacanth gum, guar gum, locust bean gum or a mixture of two or more of these are included. Further, for example, flavoring ingredients such as sodium chloride, sodium glutamate, citric acid, sodium citrate, fruit juice, and flavors such as coffee flavor, matcha flavor, and milk flavor can be appropriately blended.
[0024]
The tube enteral nutrient of the present invention is provided in the form of a liquid food dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous fluid medium such as water or warm water, but without adding the aqueous fluid medium, it is a powder, solid, paste It can be in a form such as a shape. In this case, these are used by dissolving or dispersing in an aqueous fluid medium such as water or warm water in advance or at the time of ingestion. The liquid food can be prepared according to a conventional method. For example, a liquid food can be produced by putting each weighed component into water, thoroughly mixing, emulsifying, filling and sealing in a retort pouch, and sterilizing.
[0025]
The liquid food obtained in this way can supply a sufficient amount of CoQ 10 to patients with chronic respiratory diseases with nutritional disorders and at the same time provide the necessary nutrition and energy. Can be administered to other patients to promote early recovery.
[0026]
The present invention will be described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In all the examples of the present invention, CoQ 10 manufactured by Nisshin Pharma Co., Ltd. was used.
[0027]
【Example】
Example 1
Each component was weighed according to the formulation shown in Table 1. Next, casein sodium, casein calcium, maltodextrin, mineral dispersion, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, oligosaccharide, rice bran oil, rapeseed oil and MCT (previously CoQ 10 , fat-soluble vitamin and water-soluble vitamin in pure water at about 65 ° C. Was dispersed) and mixed.
After mixing each component, the mixed solution was put into a homomixer and roughly emulsified at about 9000 rpm for 15 minutes. Next, the mixed solution was heated to 65 ° C. and allowed to stand for 10 minutes, and then finely emulsified with a high-pressure emulsifier (500 kf / cm 2 2 passes). The obtained emulsion was cooled to about 20 ° C., and a fragrance was added, followed by a mess up. The filling tank was cooled to about 8 ° C., and the obtained emulsion was added while stirring at 200 rpm. Next, after filling the pouch with 225 g of this liquid from the filling tank, the pouch was sealed with nitrogen substitution, and sterilized at 121 ° C. for 14 minutes to obtain a concentrated liquid food.
The resulting concentrated liquid food has an energy of 100 kcal per 100 mL. As a result of analyzing this concentrated liquid food, the content of CoQ 10 was 5 mg / 100 mL, the average particle size was 0.87 μm, the pH was 6.9, and the osmotic pressure was 426 m 0 sm. The property was a milky white emulsion with a slightly sweet flavor. This concentrated liquid food was good in the content of CoQ 10 and its emulsion stability and flavor.
[0028]
Example 2
Each component was weighed according to the formulation shown in Table 1. Next, CoQ 10 , fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals and emulsifiers previously dispersed in MCT were added to and mixed with pure water at about 65 ° C. The mixed solution was put into a homomixer and roughly emulsified at about 9000 rpm for 20 minutes. Subsequently, fine emulsification (500 kgf / cm 2 2 passes) was performed with a high-pressure emulsifier. The obtained emulsion was cooled to about 20 ° C., and a fragrance was added, followed by a mess up. The liquid that had been made up was transferred to a filling tank, and after filling with 226 g in the pouch, the pouch was sealed while performing nitrogen replacement, and sterilized at 123 ° C. for 14 minutes to obtain a concentrated liquid food.
The resulting concentrated liquid food has an energy of 150 kcal per 100 mL. As a result of analyzing this concentrated liquid food, the content of CoQ 10 was 7.5 mg / 100 mL, pH 6.88, average particle size 0.96 μm, and osmotic pressure 456 m0sm. The property was a milky white emulsion with a slightly sweet flavor. This concentrated liquid food was good in the content of CoQ 10 and its emulsification stability and flavor as in Example 1.
[0029]
Example 3
Along with the amounts of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, mineral and emulsifier shown in Table 1, the amount of dietary fiber (guagum enzyme degradation product) shown in the same table was added, and a concentrated liquid food was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2. The resulting concentrated liquid food has an energy of 100 kcal per 100 mL. Further, the content of CoQ 10 in this concentrated liquid food was 5 mg / 100 mL, pH 7.01, average particle size 0.69 μm, and osmotic pressure 432 m0sm. The property was a milky white emulsion with a slightly sweet flavor. This concentrated liquid food was good in the content of CoQ 10 and its emulsification stability and flavor as in Example 1.
[0030]
Comparative Example 1
A concentrated liquid food was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that CoQ 10 was not added. The resulting concentrated liquid food has an energy of 100 kcal per 100 mL. Further, the content of CoQ 10 in this concentrated liquid food was 5 mg / 100 mL, pH 7.01, average particle size 0.68 μm, and osmotic pressure 430 m0sm. The property was a milky white emulsion with a slightly sweet flavor. This concentrated liquid food was good in emulsification stability, flavor and the like as in Example 3.
[0031]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003724740
[0032]
Test example 1
The effect of the tube enteral nutrient of the present invention on chronic respiratory diseases was evaluated by the following comparative test.
For 6 patients (subjects) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the concentrated liquid food of Example 3 was changed to the concentrated liquid foods A to C, and the concentrated liquid food of Comparative Example 1 was changed to 3 persons D to F. Administered. The liquid food was administered twice a day, 200 mL each (between breakfast and lunch, and between lunch and dinner) (CoQ 10 10 mg at a time) for a total of 400 mL per day for 4 weeks. At the start of administration, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the start of administration, the patient was asked about respiratory status, physical condition and appetite, as well as brachial muscle position (AMC), triceps subcutaneous fat (TSF), and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) ), Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and blood oxygen saturation (SaO2). AMC, TSF, MEP, MIP and SaO2 are expressed as percentages relative to the reference value.
[0033]
As a result, when the concentrated liquid food of Example 3 containing CoQ 10 was administered, MEP and MIP showing respiratory muscle strength and SaO2 showing ventilation function were recognized in a very short time administration, and a marked improvement was observed. Furthermore, AMC, which is an index of muscle strength, was improved (see Table 2). On the other hand, in the case of Comparative Example 1 containing no CoQ 10 , although improvement was observed in the physical condition and appetite, changes in respiratory function such as respiratory muscle strength and ventilation function were hardly observed (see Table 3). ).
[0034]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003724740
[0035]
Test example 2
The effects of the present invention when the tube enteral nutrient of the present invention was administered to patients before and after surgery were evaluated by the following comparative test.
For 12 elderly patients undergoing gastroenterological surgery, CoQ 10 intake group (n = 6); Ritron QL (CoQ 10 containing 5 mg / 100 mL, fat 45%, carbohydrate 37%, protein 18%; Nissin Kyorin Pharmaceutical) ) Administration, and control group (n = 6); divided into two groups: lifelon PZ-II (fat 27.5%, carbohydrate 52.5%, protein 20%; Nissin Kyorin Pharmaceutical) The dose was administered once (200 kcal / 200 mL / time) for 1 week before the operation and every day for 3 to 14 days after the operation.
As a result, the preoperative respiratory muscle strength improvement rate was significantly higher in 5/6 cases (83.3%) in the CoQ 10 intake group than in 1/6 cases (16.7%) in the control group. In addition, the incidence of postoperative complications was lower in 1/6 cases (16.7%) in the CoQ 10 intake group than in 2/6 cases (33.3%) in the control group, There were no respiratory complications in the CoQ 10 intake group. Furthermore, ventilator management period, the average 10.3 hours in CoQ 10 intake group, significant shortening was observed compared to 15.3 hours in the control group, ingestion of CoQ 10 containing transluminal enteral nutrient It has been shown that the patient can be recovered early. Incidentally, it was shown that the total medical costs (excluding surgical costs) were clearly cheaper in the CoQ 10 intake group.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, respiratory dysfunction and nutritional disorders associated with chronic respiratory diseases can be improved in a very short time, and early recovery of patients can be promoted by administration to patients before and after surgery. A tube enteral nutrient is provided. The tube enteral nutrient of the present invention has excellent CoQ 10 absorbability, does not cause an agglutination reaction, and has good property stability and good flavor. For this reason, patients with nutritional disorders caused by chronic respiratory disease, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are supplemented with the necessary nutrition and energy and a sufficient amount of CoQ 10 by nutritional supplementation, and the patient's nutrition In addition to being able to improve the condition, it is extremely effective in improving prognosis and repairing respiratory dysfunction.

Claims (2)

コエンザイムQ10 0.0005〜0.2質量部、タンパク質30〜100質量部、糖質50〜400質量部、脂質1〜50質量部および水性流動媒体400〜1000質量部からなり、且つ100mL当たりのエネルギーが50kcal以上であることを特徴とする慢性閉塞性肺疾患の予防および/または治療のための経管経腸栄養剤。Coenzyme Q 10 0.0005 to 0.2 parts by weight, 30 to 100 parts by weight protein, 50 to 400 parts by weight carbohydrate, 1 to 50 parts by weight lipid and 400 to 1000 parts by weight aqueous fluid medium, and per 100 mL A tube enteral nutrient for the prevention and / or treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, characterized by having an energy of 50 kcal or more. コエンザイムQ10 0.0005〜0.2質量部、タンパク質30〜100質量部、糖質50〜400質量部、脂質1〜50質量部および水性流動媒体400〜1000質量部からなり、且つ100mL当たりのエネルギーが50kcal以上であることを特徴とする術前・術後の患者に投与して早期回復を促すための経管経腸栄養剤。Coenzyme Q 10 0.0005 to 0.2 parts by weight, 30 to 100 parts by weight protein, 50 to 400 parts by weight carbohydrate, 1 to 50 parts by weight lipid and 400 to 1000 parts by weight aqueous fluid medium, and per 100 mL A tube enteral nutrient for administration to pre- and post-operative patients to promote early recovery, characterized by energy of 50 kcal or more.
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