JP3722093B2 - Pavement material for walking path and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Pavement material for walking path and method for manufacturing the same Download PDF

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JP3722093B2
JP3722093B2 JP2002186007A JP2002186007A JP3722093B2 JP 3722093 B2 JP3722093 B2 JP 3722093B2 JP 2002186007 A JP2002186007 A JP 2002186007A JP 2002186007 A JP2002186007 A JP 2002186007A JP 3722093 B2 JP3722093 B2 JP 3722093B2
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pavement material
upper layer
lower layer
mixture
resin
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JP2002186007A
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JP2003082608A (en
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正市 金子
哲夫 伊藤
耕一 間平
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DIC Corp
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Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、強度、軽量性、及び透水性に優れた歩行路用舗装材及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の歩行路用舗装材としては、(1)ゴムチップをウレタン樹脂バインダーで結合した上層と砂利をバイダーで結合した下層との二層からなるもの(実開平6−4105号公報)、(2)ゴムチップのみをバイダーで結合した上層、ゴムチップ、砂利の混合物をバインダーで結合した中間層及びゴムチップをバインダーで結合した下層とからなる三層のもの(特開2000−204508号公報)、(3)砂利とゴムチップとの混合物をウレタン樹脂バインダーで結合したもの(特開2001−270772号公報)、(4)ゴムチップと人造大理石の破砕物との混合物をバインダーで結合したもの(特開平11−117219号公報)などが知られている。しかし、これらは、弾性に優れるものの、強度、軽量性、透水性のいずれかが不十分で満足できる歩行路用舗装材ではなかった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、強度及び軽量性に優れる歩行路用舗装材を提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、強度、軽量性、透水性及び歩行性に優れる歩行路用舗装材を提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、廃棄FRP成形物を再利用する強度、軽量性、透水性及び歩行性に優れる歩行路用舗装材を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明は、上層と下層とからなる歩行路用舗装材であって、上層がゴムチップ(A1)と、ゴムチップ(A1)を結合する合成樹脂(A2)とからなり、前記下層が繊維強化プラスチック(B)からなることを特徴とする歩行路用舗装材を提供する。
更に、本発明は、上層を形成するゴムチップ(A1)と、ゴムチップ(A1)を結合する合成樹脂(A2)との混合物を金型内へ投入する第1工程と、下層を形成する繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)と熱硬化性樹脂(B2)との混合物を金型内へ投入する第2工程と、金型を加熱下に加圧して金型内の前記混合物を一体成形する第3工程とからなることを特徴とする歩行路用舗装材の製造方法を提供する。
更に、本発明は、舗装すべき基盤上へ下層を形成する繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)と熱硬化性樹脂(B2)との混合物を敷設する第1工程と、その上に上層を形成するゴムチップ(A1)と、該ゴムチップ(A1)を結合する合成樹脂(A2)との混合物を敷設する第2工程と、前記混合物を一体として硬化せしめる第3工程とからなることを特徴とする歩行路用舗装材の製造方法を提供する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
上層で使用するゴムチップ(A1)は、例えば、天然ゴム、ポリイソプレンゴム、スチレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、ブチルゴム、ニトリルゴム、エチレン・プロピレンゴム、エチレンプロピレンジエンゴム(EPDM)、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレン、ウレタンゴム、アクリルゴム、多硫化ゴム等の成分からなるゴム材を切り刻んだチップ状のものであり、好ましくはこれらの成分からなる廃棄されたゴム、使用済みタイヤ、チューブなどのゴム製品の粉砕物である。
ゴムチップ(A1)の形状は、ゴム製品を公知慣用の機械で破砕製造されるものであり、好ましくはファイバー状のものや、粒状物で、平均粒径が好ましくは0.5〜20mm、より好ましくは1〜10mmの範囲のものであり、それらを単独で、または混合して使用するものである。
【0006】
上層で使用する合成樹脂(A2)は、ゴムチップ(A1)を結合できる合成樹脂であればよい。合成樹脂としては、例えばポリウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂等が挙げられる。好ましくはポリウレタン樹脂である。ここで使用されるポリウレタン樹脂は、好ましくは常温液状のものであり、公知のポリオール類と有機イソシアネート化合物とを好ましくはNCO/OH当量比1.5以上、より好ましくは1.5〜2.0の比率で反応させた末端NCO基含有ウレタンプレポリマーであり、この単独あるいはこれら混合物よりなる一液形のもの、または該ウレタンプレポリマーとポリオールとを混合してなる二液形のものである。前記有機イソシアネート化合物は、例えば、2,4−トリレンジイソシアネ−ト(TDIと略す)、65/35−TDI、80/20−TDI、4,4´−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネ−ト(MDIと略す)、ジアニシジンジイソシアネ−ト、トリレンジイソシアネ−ト、メタキシリレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、フェニレンジイソシアネート、1,5−ナフタレンジイソシアネート、ポリメチレンポリフェニルポリイソシアネート、水添化MDI、水添化TDIなどの如き芳香族ジイソシアネート類、脂環族ジイソシアネート類の中より選ばれた化合物の単独あるいはこれらの混合物である。
上層は、ゴムチップ(A1)と前記合成樹脂(A2)とから構成されるが、さらに、滑り止め防止、弾性の調整を目的として硬質の粒状物(A3)を混合するのが好ましい。
【0007】
硬質の粒状物(A3)としては、例えば、熱硬化性樹脂成形物の破砕物、熱硬化性樹脂の繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物、無機物(砂、石、鉱石等骨材、炭酸カルシウム等充填剤)が挙げられる。熱硬化性樹脂成形物の破砕物に使用される熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂等が挙げられる。好ましくは繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物である。ここでいう繊維強化プラスチックとは、成形物であり、好ましくは、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、架橋型アクリル樹脂(アクリルシラップ)等のラジカル硬化性不飽和樹脂にガラス繊維強化材を混合し、硬化した成形物(以下FRP成形物)である。特に好ましくは不飽和ポリエステル樹脂ガラス繊維強化成形物である。前記硬質の粒状物(A3)としては、上記FRP成形物の廃棄物の破砕物が好ましいが、その回収物だけでなく、成形時の失敗廃棄物をも含むものである。
【0008】
ゴムチップ(A1)と硬質の粒状物(A3)との混合比率は、好ましくは(A1):(A3)=50〜100:0〜50(重量比)であるが、より好ましくは(A1):(A3)=70〜95:5〜30(重量比)である。上層中に硬質の粒状物(A3)を含有することにより、ゴムとプラスチックの中間的な木質に似た硬さ、感触を有し、耐擦過性、耐すべり抵抗性の特性が良好となるので好ましい。尚、硬質の粒状物(A3)とゴムチップ(A1)との比率を上記範囲にすると、本発明の歩行路用舗装材の上層が、適度な弾性を有することから、該舗装材を使用した舗装が歩行感に優れるので好ましい。また、上層に用いる硬質の粒状物(A3)の形状は、下層用に用いるものに比べて、好ましくはより小さ目の粒状物で、平均粒径0.05〜10mm、繊維状、ひじき状又は板状なら1〜10mmのものである。上層形成には、このゴムチップ(A1)と繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物からなる硬質の粒状物(A3)を前記比で混合したものに、好ましくは合成樹脂(A2)として硬化性ウレタン樹脂をバインダーとして上層中に好ましくは5〜30重量%、より好ましくは7〜25重量%使用する。硬化性ウレタン樹脂の使用量が上記範囲であれば硬化性が良好で、弾性に冨み、発泡しがたく、透水性に優れる。
【0009】
下層に使用する繊維強化プラスチック(B)は、好ましくは繊維強化材と前記の熱硬化性樹脂との混合物をプレス成形した熱硬化性樹脂繊維強化成形物である。例えば、シートモールディングコンパウンド(SMC)やバルクモールディングコンパウンド(BMC)などの成形材料から得られる成形物である。さらに、好ましくはラジカル硬化性不飽和樹脂ガラス繊維強化成形物、特に好ましくは、ガラス繊維強化材とビニルエステル樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂等のラジカル硬化性不飽和樹脂から得られる成形物である。
【0010】
前記の熱硬化性樹脂成形物の破砕物あるいは繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物は、いかなる破砕方法で破砕されたものでもかまわないが、通常使用されている破砕機で破砕された安価な破砕片を用いるのが好ましい。その際、ガラス繊維等の複合物を分別する必要はない。該破砕物は、粉状、繊維状、ひじき状、板状、粒状の単体あるいは混合物のいずれでもよい。粒状物の平均粒径は、0.05〜20mm、好ましくは0.05〜15mm、糸状又はひじき状の長さは1〜20mm、好ましくは1〜15mm、板状の直径は、1〜20mm、厚さは0.5〜10mm、好ましくは1〜15mm、厚さは0.5〜7mmである。ゴムチップと混合する上層用の破砕物は、粉状、糸状、ファイバー状、板状、粒状の単体あるいは混合物のいずれでもよいが、下層用の破砕物では好ましくは平均粒径1〜15mmの粒状物が主体であることが望ましい。
そしてその破砕物サイズ分布域は、最小0.05〜最大20mmの範囲内であればどのような分布をしていても構わない。最小側(0.05〜1mm)が全体の20%以上であれば、目の細かい外観となり、20%未満であってもやや目の粗い外観となるが、舗装材としては何ら問題ない。破砕方法としては、たとえば目開き4〜20mmのスクリーンを備えた破砕機を用いる方法が好ましい。2mm未満のスクリーンを用いる方法は、破砕の効率が悪いので好ましくない。
【0011】
前記熱硬化性樹脂成形物としては、例えばプリント基板(エポキシ樹脂)、電気・電子機器部品(フェノール樹脂)、化粧板(メラミン樹脂)、人工大理石(不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂)成形物等が挙げられる。
【0012】
前記の繊維強化プラスチックの成形物(FRP成形物)としては、例えば、浴槽、浴室パネル、防水パン、洗面化粧台、洗面ボール、台所カウンター、浄化槽等の住宅用部材、パイプ、水槽、等の工業用部材、各種電気部品、船舶、小型ボート、自動車部材、ヘルメット、マネキン、椅子等が挙げられる。
【0013】
前記FRP成形物中の繊維強化材は、無機繊維であり、例えば、ガラス繊維、金属繊維、セラミック繊維等であり、その平均繊維長は、好ましくは10mm以下のもので、より好ましくは0.1mm〜5mmである。特に好ましいのはガラス繊維である。また、繊維の形態は、平織り、朱子織り、不織布、マット、ガラスロービング等何れでも良い。
【0014】
前記下層は、繊維強化プラスチック(B)で、好ましくは熱硬化性樹脂繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)がバインダーである常温で液状の熱硬化性樹脂(B2)によって結合されているものである。該破砕物(B1)の使用量は、熱硬化性樹脂(B2)を除く成分中で50〜100容量%が好ましい。又、バインダーである熱硬化性樹脂(B2)の使用量は、下層中好ましくは5〜20重量%、より好ましくは7〜16重量%であり、繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)は80〜95重量%で、より好ましくは93〜84重量%である。
【0015】
本発明の歩行路用舗装材は、上層及び下層に空隙を有するものが好ましい。その空隙の合計体積を歩行路用舗装材の全体体積で割った値を100倍したものを「空隙率」とした。歩行路用舗装材全体の空隙率は、好ましくは5〜40%、より好ましくは10〜30%である。該下層の空隙率は、好ましくは5〜40%である。上層の空隙率は、好ましくは1〜10%である。上記熱硬化性樹脂(B2)の使用量が上記範囲であると、適度に空隙率を保ち、軽量性に優れ、また、満足できる歩行路用舗装材を得ることができる。
歩行路用舗装材の空隙率は、次の(式1)で計算されるものである。
(式1)空隙率=「X−Y/X」×100
(X):本発明の歩行路用舗装材の体積(縦×横×高さから計算する)、
(Y):本発明の歩行路用舗装材を水の満たされた容器に浸漬した際、その容器からあふれ出た水の量、
X−Y:全体の空隙の体積合計
【0016】
ここで使用する熱硬化性樹脂繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)は、上述の空隙率を保持するために上層に使用するものより粒子サイズの大きいものが好ましい。粒子サイズの大きなものを使用すると空隙が多くなるため軽量性と透水性などの点で有利となる。その粒子サイズは上層に使用するものより0.5〜3mm程度大きいものが好ましい。
【0017】
熱硬化性樹脂(B2)は、例えば、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等であり、好ましくは不飽和ポリエステル樹脂である。不飽和ポリエステル樹脂は、通常不飽和ポリエステルのスチレンモノマー溶液である。これにラジカル重合開始剤、必要に応じ更に硬化促進剤を含有し常温乃至加熱下で硬化する。
【0018】
本発明の歩行路用舗装材の上層と下層との厚さの比は、好ましくは上層:下層=5〜50:50〜95である。上層と下層の厚さ比は、歩行感、走行感、耐久性及び経済性を考慮して適宜決定される。
【0019】
本発明の歩行路用舗装材は、上層と下層が一体成形物となっているブロック状若しくはプレート状であり、その大きさは、好ましくは縦100mm〜1000mm、横100mm〜1000mmで、厚み5〜100mm、より好ましくは10〜60mmである。厚さ30mm以下のものは接着剤を用いて基盤に貼りつけ、厚さ40mm以上のものは基盤上に砂層を設けて置き敷きする施工法を採用するのが好ましい。
【0020】
下層は、繊維強化プラスチック(B)を主体とするが、繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)を使用する際には、本発明の目的を害さない範囲で、石、鉱物質の無機物の粒状物も併用できるが、循環型のリサイクルを目標とするには、本発明の歩行路用舗装材がリサイクルの終末としてセメント産業、鉄鋼産業の原燃材として使用可能となるようにプラスチック類、木質チップ類、藁類などの可燃性有機物を併用するのが好ましい。かかる混合の際には、好ましくは、ニイダー、ミキサー等の混合装置で機械的に混合される。
【0021】
本発明の歩行路用舗装材は、主に屋外の歩行路で使用され、例えば、歩道、遊歩道、ジョギングコース、駐車場、住宅周り外溝、公園内外の歩道、バルコニータイル等に好適である。
【0022】
本発明の歩行路用舗装材の製造方法は、上層を形成するゴムチップ(A1)と、ゴムチップ(A1)を結合する合成樹脂(A2)との混合物を金型内へ投入する第1工程と、下層を形成する繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)と熱硬化性樹脂(B2)との混合物を金型内へ投入する第2工程と、金型を加熱下に加圧して金型内の前記混合物を一体成形する第3工程とからなる。その金型は、ブロック形状若しくはプレート形状を型取ったプレス形成用金型であり、金型の表面温度は常温〜200℃、好ましくは100〜200℃である。上層及び下層の原料となる混合物を金型へ投入する順序は金型の設計により決定される。上層の原料となる混合物を先に金型内に投入し、次いで下層の原料となる混合物を金型内へ投入しても良いし、その逆の順序でも良い。例えば、ゴムチップ(A1)と繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)とを常温で液状の合成樹脂(A2)との混合物を上層の材料として金型内に投入し、次いで、繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)と常温で液状の熱硬化性樹脂(B2)との混合物を下層の材料として金型内に投入し、次いで、金型を加熱下に加圧する熱プレス成形法により、金型内の前記混合物材料をブロック状またはプレート状に一体成形する。
【0023】
また、本発明のもう一つの歩行路用舗装材の製造方法は、堅固に調整された舗装すべき基盤(例えば、コンクリート、アスファルト)上へ下層を形成する繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)と熱硬化性樹脂(B2)との混合物を敷設する第1工程と、その上に上層を形成するゴムチップ(A1)と、該ゴムチップ(A1)を結合する合成樹脂(A2)との混合物を敷設する第2工程と、前記混合物を一体として硬化せしめる第3工程とからなる。このように、施工現場で直接下層を形成する混合物及び上層を形成する混合物を一定の厚みで順次敷き均して一般的な展圧ローラーで展圧舗装施工することによってシームレスな表面を持つ歩行路用舗装材を製造することができる。
【0024】
本発明の歩行路用舗装材は、着色加工することもできる。例えば、上層用及び下層用の混合物に顔料粉、或いは液状またはペースト状の顔料を加えて着色してもよい。この際、顔料の代用物として、顔料の製造工程もしくは顔料を使った他の製品の製造工程から排出されるロスや廃材を用いても構わない。できあがった舗装材に塗装したり、フィルムを貼り付けても良い。
【0025】
本発明で使用するゴムチップ(A1)と繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)、また混合可能な石、鉱物質の無機物、プラスチック類、木質チップ類、藁類などの乾燥した粒状物は、それらを表面処理剤で処理してもよいし、粒状物が湿気を含むものでも良い。かかる表面処理剤としては、バインダーとの濡れ性を向上させて、より強固に接着固化させることを目的にする界面活性剤、例えばシランカップリング剤を使用できる更に、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で可塑剤、プロセスオイル、安定剤、紫外線吸収剤等他の添加剤を併用できる。
【0026】
本発明の歩行路用舗装材は、石材切断用の切断機を用いることなく、木材切断用の一般的鋸で激しい埃も発生せずに容易に、例えばポータブルの木工用電気回転鋸を使用してその成形物を加工、切断できるという大きな特徴も有している。
【0027】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。文中の「部」、「%」は、断りのない限り重量基準である。
【0028】
(実施例1)
エチレンプロピレンジエンゴム(EPDM)の廃ゴムから得られた平均粒径1〜3mmの白色ゴムチップ350部、ベージュ色の不飽和ポリエステル樹脂製FRPバスユニット成形品を粉砕して得られた破砕物で4mmの篩通過品200部に、分子内にNCO基を含有する一液形ウレタンプレポリマー(「パンデックスTP−1737」、大日本インキ化学工業(株)製)100部及び弁柄粉3部をモルタル混合用簡易混合機を用いて室温下で約5分間均一になるまで混合して、ブロック状舗装材の上層用混合物を調製した。
【0029】
次いで、前述と同様な別の混合機にキッチンカウンター(人造大理石調BMC)成形品を破砕して得られた破砕物で12mmの篩通過品1350部を投入し、攪拌を行いながら不飽和ポリエステル樹脂(「ポリライトMPS180」、大日本インキ化学工業(株)製)150部、硬化促進剤剤(「パーブチルZ」、日本油脂(株)製)4.5部を順次加えて室温下で約5分間均一になるまで混合して下層用混合物を調製した。
別に離型剤処理をした縦15cm×横22cm×深さ4cmで容積1320ccの金型に上記の下層用混合物1,214部を入れ平滑になるように金鏝などを使用して軽く展圧した後、その上に上記の上層用混合物264部入れ平滑にし金型を閉じた。下板が170℃、上板が150℃にセットした成形用プレスに下層用混合物が下になるように金型をセットして、7kgf/cm2の圧力で15分間保持した後、開圧して縦15cm×横22cm×厚さ4cmの上層に弾性のある歩行路用舗装材を得た。
【0030】
この歩行路用舗装材の厚さ構成は、上層が平均8mm、下層が平均32mmであった。このようにして得られた歩行路用舗装材の物性は下記の通りであり、歩道用ブロックとして使用できるものであった。

Figure 0003722093
【0031】
(実施例2)
前述の混合機を用いて、FRP製洗面化粧台(人造大理石調BMC)を粉砕して得られた破砕物で12mmの篩通過品1200部とベージュ色のFRPバスユニット成形品を粉砕して得られた破砕物で4mmの篩通過品500部の混合物に、既に6%ナフテン酸コバルトを0.2%添加した不飽和ポリエステル樹脂(「ポリライトPM400」、大日本インキ化学工業(株)製)300部、硬化促進剤(「パーメックN」、日本油脂(株)製)4.5部を順次加え、前述の混合機を用いて、約5分間均一に混合して下層用混合物を調製した。この混合物を鉄製展圧ローラーにより厚さ20mmになるように堅固なアスファルトコンクリートの上に敷設した。この舗装体は、室温で約5時間後に完全硬化した。
【0032】
次いで、廃タイヤを粉砕して得られた平均粒径1〜3mmのゴムチップ1000部とウレタン樹脂(「パンデックスTP−1221」、大日本インキ化学工業(株)製)230部とを前述と同様に混合して得られた混合物を上記の下層の上に鉄製展圧ローラーを用いて厚さ20mmになるよう敷設した。この上層は室温で約15時間後に完全硬化し、歩行路用舗装材を得た。
この歩行路用舗装材は、比重0.98で透水性を有し、下層は剛性且つ堅固であり、上層は弾性を有し、ゴルフシューズ、陸上競技用スパイクシューズを着用した歩行及び走行にも耐える層であった。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明の歩行路用舗装材は、強度、軽量性、耐久性及び透水性に優れ、また、廃ゴムや廃FRPなどの有効利用が可能なものである。
本発明によれば、埋め立て処分が主体であった廃ゴムや熱硬化性樹脂廃棄物を、歩行路用舗装材に利用することができる。更には石材用カッターを用いることなく、木工用鋸で切断でき、異形道路にブロック舗装をする場合にも、異形床または道路端部に合わせて容易に切断できることから施工が容易で施工時間の短縮化の効果をもたらすこともできる。さらに、本発明の歩行路用舗装材は、使用後において、セメント原燃材としてそのまま焼却有効利用でき、循環型社会に対応することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pedestrian pavement material excellent in strength, lightness, and water permeability, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional pavement materials for walking paths include (1) two layers of an upper layer in which rubber chips are bonded with a urethane resin binder and a lower layer in which gravel is bonded with a binder (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-4105), (2) Three layers consisting of an upper layer in which only rubber chips are bonded with a binder, a rubber chip, an intermediate layer in which a mixture of gravel is bonded with a binder, and a lower layer in which rubber chips are bonded with a binder (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-204508), (3) gravel And a mixture of rubber chips with a urethane resin binder (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-270772), (4) a mixture of a mixture of rubber chips and artificial marble with a binder (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-117219) ) Etc. are known. However, although these are excellent in elasticity, they are not pavement materials for pedestrians that are satisfactory because any of strength, lightness, and water permeability is insufficient.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The objective of this invention is providing the pavement material for walkways which is excellent in intensity | strength and lightweight property.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a pavement material for walking paths that is excellent in strength, lightness, water permeability and walking ability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a pavement material for walking paths that is excellent in strength, lightness, water permeability, and walking ability for reusing waste FRP molded products.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is a pavement material for walking paths comprising an upper layer and a lower layer, the upper layer comprising a rubber chip (A1) and a synthetic resin (A2) for bonding the rubber chip (A1), wherein the lower layer is a fiber reinforced Provided is a pavement material for walking paths, which is made of plastic (B).
Furthermore, the present invention provides a first step of introducing a mixture of a rubber chip (A1) that forms an upper layer and a synthetic resin (A2) that binds the rubber chip (A1) into a mold, and a fiber-reinforced plastic that forms a lower layer. A second step of feeding the mixture of the crushed material (B1) and the thermosetting resin (B2) into the mold, and a third step of integrally molding the mixture in the mold by pressing the mold under heating. The present invention provides a method for producing a pavement material for a walking path, comprising a step.
The present invention further includes a first step of laying a mixture of a fiber reinforced plastic crushed material (B1) and a thermosetting resin (B2) that forms a lower layer on a base to be paved, and an upper layer formed thereon. A walking characterized by comprising a second step of laying a mixture of the rubber chip (A1) and the synthetic resin (A2) to which the rubber chip (A1) is bonded, and a third step of curing the mixture as a unit. A method for producing a road pavement material is provided.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Rubber chips (A1) used in the upper layer are, for example, natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber, styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene / propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), chlorosulfonated polyethylene Chips made by chopping rubber materials consisting of components such as urethane rubber, acrylic rubber, polysulfide rubber, etc., preferably grinding rubber products such as discarded rubber, used tires, tubes, etc. consisting of these components It is a thing.
The shape of the rubber chip (A1) is such that a rubber product is crushed and produced by a known and conventional machine, preferably a fiber or granular material, and preferably has an average particle size of 0.5 to 20 mm, more preferably Is in the range of 1 to 10 mm, and these are used alone or in combination.
[0006]
The synthetic resin (A2) used in the upper layer may be any synthetic resin that can bind the rubber chip (A1). Examples of synthetic resins include polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, vinyl ester resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and the like. A polyurethane resin is preferred. The polyurethane resin used here is preferably a liquid at room temperature, and a known polyol and an organic isocyanate compound are preferably reacted at an NCO / OH equivalent ratio of 1.5 or more, more preferably from 1.5 to 2.0. It is a terminal NCO group-containing urethane prepolymer, which is a one-part type composed of these or a mixture thereof, or a two-part type obtained by mixing the urethane prepolymer and a polyol. Examples of the organic isocyanate compound include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (abbreviated as TDI), 65 / 35-TDI, 80 / 20-TDI, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI and Abbreviation), dianisidine diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, metaxylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, hydrogenated MDI, water A compound selected from aromatic diisocyanates such as TDI added and alicyclic diisocyanates alone or a mixture thereof.
The upper layer is composed of the rubber chip (A1) and the synthetic resin (A2), and it is preferable to mix the hard granular material (A3) for the purpose of preventing slipping and adjusting elasticity.
[0007]
Examples of the hard granular material (A3) include a crushed product of a thermosetting resin molded product, a crushed product of a fiber reinforced plastic of a thermosetting resin, an inorganic material (an aggregate such as sand, stone, ore, a filler such as calcium carbonate). ). As a thermosetting resin used for the crushed material of a thermosetting resin molded product, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, etc. are mentioned, for example. Preferably, it is a crushed fiber reinforced plastic. The fiber reinforced plastic here is a molded product, and preferably a glass fiber reinforcing material is mixed with a radical curable unsaturated resin such as unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, or cross-linked acrylic resin (acrylic syrup). A cured molded product (hereinafter referred to as FRP molded product). Particularly preferred are unsaturated polyester resin glass fiber reinforced moldings. The hard granular material (A3) is preferably a crushed waste of the FRP molded product, but includes not only the recovered product but also failed waste during molding.
[0008]
The mixing ratio of the rubber chip (A1) and the hard granular material (A3) is preferably (A1) :( A3) = 50 to 100: 0 to 50 (weight ratio), more preferably (A1): (A3) = 70 to 95: 5 to 30 (weight ratio). By containing the hard granular material (A3) in the upper layer, it has a hardness and feel similar to the intermediate wood of rubber and plastic, and has excellent scratch and slip resistance characteristics. preferable. In addition, when the ratio of the hard granular material (A3) and the rubber chip (A1) is within the above range, the upper layer of the pavement material for walking paths of the present invention has an appropriate elasticity, so that the pavement using the pavement material is used. Is preferable because of its excellent walking feeling. The shape of the hard granular material (A3) used for the upper layer is preferably smaller than that used for the lower layer, with an average particle size of 0.05 to 10 mm, fibrous, hijiki or plate If it is in a shape, it is 1-10 mm. In forming the upper layer, the rubber chip (A1) and the hard granular material (A3) made of crushed fiber reinforced plastic are mixed in the above ratio, preferably as a synthetic resin (A2) and a curable urethane resin as a binder The upper layer is preferably used in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight, more preferably 7 to 25% by weight. If the usage-amount of curable urethane resin is the said range, sclerosis | hardenability will be favorable, it will be elastic, it will be hard to foam, and it will be excellent in water permeability.
[0009]
The fiber reinforced plastic (B) used for the lower layer is preferably a thermosetting resin fiber reinforced molded product obtained by press-molding a mixture of a fiber reinforcing material and the thermosetting resin. For example, it is a molded product obtained from a molding material such as a sheet molding compound (SMC) or a bulk molding compound (BMC). Furthermore, it is preferably a radical curable unsaturated resin glass fiber reinforced molded product, particularly preferably a molded product obtained from a glass fiber reinforcing material and a radical curable unsaturated resin such as vinyl ester resin or unsaturated polyester resin.
[0010]
The crushed product of the thermosetting resin molded product or the crushed product of fiber reinforced plastic may be crushed by any crushing method, but an inexpensive crushed piece crushed by a crusher that is usually used is used. Is preferred. At that time, it is not necessary to separate a composite such as glass fiber. The crushed material may be any of powder, fiber, hijiki, plate, granular simple substance or mixture. The average particle size of the granular material is 0.05 to 20 mm, preferably 0.05 to 15 mm, the length of thread or elbow is 1 to 20 mm, preferably 1 to 15 mm, and the plate-like diameter is 1 to 20 mm. The thickness is 0.5 to 10 mm, preferably 1 to 15 mm, and the thickness is 0.5 to 7 mm. The crushed material for the upper layer to be mixed with the rubber chip may be any of powder, thread, fiber, plate, granular simple substance or mixture, but the crushed material for the lower layer is preferably a granular material having an average particle diameter of 1 to 15 mm. Is desirable.
The crushed material size distribution region may have any distribution as long as it is within the range of 0.05 to 20 mm. If the minimum side (0.05 to 1 mm) is 20% or more of the whole, the appearance is fine, and even if it is less than 20%, the appearance is slightly rough, but there is no problem as a paving material. As a crushing method, for example, a method using a crusher equipped with a screen having an opening of 4 to 20 mm is preferable. A method using a screen of less than 2 mm is not preferable because the crushing efficiency is poor.
[0011]
Examples of the thermosetting resin molding include a printed circuit board (epoxy resin), an electrical / electronic device component (phenol resin), a decorative board (melamine resin), and an artificial marble (unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin) molding. Is mentioned.
[0012]
Examples of the fiber reinforced plastic molded product (FRP molded product) include, for example, industrial products such as bathtubs, bathroom panels, waterproof pans, bathroom vanities, bathroom bowls, kitchen counters, septic tanks, pipes, and water tanks. Members, various electric parts, ships, small boats, automobile members, helmets, mannequins, chairs and the like.
[0013]
The fiber reinforcing material in the FRP molded product is an inorganic fiber, such as glass fiber, metal fiber, ceramic fiber, etc., and the average fiber length is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm. ~ 5mm. Particularly preferred is glass fiber. The form of the fiber may be any of plain weave, satin weave, non-woven fabric, mat, glass roving and the like.
[0014]
The lower layer is a fiber reinforced plastic (B), preferably a crushed material (B1) of a thermosetting resin fiber reinforced plastic bonded with a thermosetting resin (B2) that is liquid at room temperature as a binder. . The amount of the crushed material (B1) used is preferably 50 to 100% by volume in the components excluding the thermosetting resin (B2). The amount of the thermosetting resin (B2) used as the binder is preferably 5 to 20% by weight, more preferably 7 to 16% by weight in the lower layer, and 80 to 80% of the crushed fiber reinforced plastic (B1). It is 95 weight%, More preferably, it is 93 to 84 weight%.
[0015]
As for the pavement material for walkways of this invention, what has a space | gap in an upper layer and a lower layer is preferable. A value obtained by dividing the total volume of the voids by the total volume of the pavement material for walking paths was multiplied by 100 to obtain a “void ratio”. The porosity of the entire walking path paving material is preferably 5 to 40%, more preferably 10 to 30%. The porosity of the lower layer is preferably 5 to 40%. The porosity of the upper layer is preferably 1 to 10%. When the usage-amount of the said thermosetting resin (B2) is the said range, the porosity can be maintained moderately, it is excellent in the lightness, and the pavement material for pedestrians which can be satisfied can be obtained.
The porosity of the pavement material for walking paths is calculated by the following (Equation 1).
(Formula 1) Porosity = “XY / X” × 100
(X): volume of pavement material for walking path of the present invention (calculated from length × width × height),
(Y): When the pavement material for walking paths of the present invention is immersed in a container filled with water, the amount of water overflowing from the container,
XY: total volume of voids in the whole
The crushed material (B1) of the thermosetting resin fiber reinforced plastic used here preferably has a larger particle size than that used for the upper layer in order to maintain the above-mentioned porosity. Use of a large particle size is advantageous in terms of lightness and water permeability because the number of voids increases. The particle size is preferably about 0.5 to 3 mm larger than that used for the upper layer.
[0017]
The thermosetting resin (B2) is, for example, an unsaturated polyester resin, a urethane resin, a phenol resin, a melamine resin, an epoxy resin, or the like, and preferably an unsaturated polyester resin. The unsaturated polyester resin is usually a styrene monomer solution of unsaturated polyester. This contains a radical polymerization initiator and, if necessary, a curing accelerator, and is cured at room temperature or under heating.
[0018]
The ratio of the thickness of the upper layer and the lower layer of the pavement material for walking paths of the present invention is preferably upper layer: lower layer = 5-50: 50-95. The thickness ratio between the upper layer and the lower layer is appropriately determined in consideration of walking feeling, running feeling, durability and economy.
[0019]
The pavement material for walking paths of the present invention has a block shape or a plate shape in which an upper layer and a lower layer are integrally formed, and the size is preferably 100 mm to 1000 mm in length, 100 mm to 1000 mm in width, and 5 to 5 in thickness. 100 mm, more preferably 10 to 60 mm. It is preferable to employ a construction method in which a material having a thickness of 30 mm or less is attached to a base using an adhesive, and a material having a thickness of 40 mm or more is provided with a sand layer placed on the base.
[0020]
The lower layer is mainly composed of fiber reinforced plastic (B), but when using the crushed material (B1) of fiber reinforced plastic, it is within the range of not impairing the object of the present invention, and is an inorganic granule of stone or mineral. However, in order to achieve recycling-type recycling, plastics and wood chips are used so that the pavement material for walkways of the present invention can be used as a raw material for the cement industry and the steel industry at the end of recycling. It is preferable to use a flammable organic substance such as moss and moss together. In the case of such mixing, it is preferably mechanically mixed with a mixing apparatus such as a nider or a mixer.
[0021]
The pavement material for walkways of the present invention is mainly used in outdoor walkways, and is suitable for, for example, sidewalks, promenades, jogging courses, parking lots, outer grooves around houses, walkways inside and outside parks, balcony tiles, and the like.
[0022]
The method for producing a pavement material for walking paths of the present invention includes a first step of introducing a mixture of a rubber chip (A1) that forms an upper layer and a synthetic resin (A2) that binds the rubber chip (A1) into a mold, A second step in which a mixture of the fiber reinforced plastic crushed material (B1) and the thermosetting resin (B2) forming the lower layer is put into the mold; And a third step of integrally molding the mixture. The mold is a press forming mold formed in a block shape or a plate shape, and the surface temperature of the mold is from room temperature to 200 ° C., preferably from 100 to 200 ° C. The order in which the mixture as the raw material for the upper layer and the lower layer is put into the mold is determined by the design of the mold. The mixture as the raw material for the upper layer may be put into the mold first, and then the mixture as the raw material for the lower layer may be put into the mold, or vice versa. For example, a mixture of a rubber chip (A1) and a crushed fiber reinforced plastic (B1) and a synthetic resin (A2) that is liquid at room temperature is put into a mold as an upper layer material, and then a crushed fiber reinforced plastic A mixture of (B1) and a thermosetting resin (B2) that is liquid at normal temperature is put into a mold as a lower layer material, and then the mold is heated by a hot press molding method in which the mold is pressed under heating. The mixture material is integrally formed into a block shape or a plate shape.
[0023]
In addition, another method for producing a pavement material for pedestrians according to the present invention includes a fiber reinforced plastic crushed material (B1) that forms a lower layer on a firmly adjusted base to be paved (for example, concrete, asphalt), and the like. A first step of laying a mixture with a thermosetting resin (B2), a rubber chip (A1) that forms an upper layer thereon, and a mixture of a synthetic resin (A2) that binds the rubber chip (A1) are laid. It consists of a second step and a third step in which the mixture is cured as a unit. In this way, a walking path with a seamless surface by spreading the mixture directly forming the lower layer and the mixture forming the upper layer at a certain thickness in sequence at a construction site and then spreading and paving with a general pressure roller. Paving materials can be manufactured.
[0024]
The pavement material for walking paths of the present invention can be colored. For example, pigment powder or liquid or paste pigment may be added to the mixture for the upper layer and the lower layer for coloring. At this time, as a substitute for the pigment, a loss or waste material discharged from the manufacturing process of the pigment or the manufacturing process of another product using the pigment may be used. It is possible to paint on the finished pavement material or attach a film.
[0025]
The rubber chips (A1) used in the present invention and the crushed material of fiber reinforced plastic (B1), and the dry granulated materials such as mixable stones, mineral minerals, plastics, wood chips, moss, etc. It may be treated with a surface treatment agent, or the granular material may contain moisture. As such a surface treatment agent, a surfactant intended to improve the wettability with the binder and to more firmly adhere and solidify, for example, a silane coupling agent can be used. Further, the effect of the present invention is not impaired. Other additives such as plasticizers, process oils, stabilizers and UV absorbers can be used in combination.
[0026]
The pavement material for walkways of the present invention is a general saw for cutting wood, without using a cutting machine for cutting stone, and without using heavy dust, for example, using a portable electric rotary saw for woodworking. It also has a great feature that the molded product can be processed and cut.
[0027]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited to this. “Part” and “%” in the text are based on weight unless otherwise noted.
[0028]
(Example 1)
350 mm of white rubber chips with an average particle diameter of 1 to 3 mm obtained from waste rubber of ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), 4 mm of crushed material obtained by crushing a FRP bus unit molded product of beige unsaturated polyester resin 200 parts of a sieve passing product of 100 parts of a one-pack urethane prepolymer ("Pandex TP-1737", manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) containing NCO groups in the molecule and 3 parts of a petal powder Using a simple mixer for mortar mixing, the mixture was mixed at room temperature until uniform for about 5 minutes to prepare a mixture for the upper layer of the block-shaped paving material.
[0029]
Next, 1350 parts of a 12 mm sieve-passed product is put into another mixer similar to the above using a crushed product obtained by crushing a molded product of a kitchen counter (artificial marble tone BMC), and the unsaturated polyester resin is stirred while stirring. ("Polylite MPS180", manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) 150 parts, and a curing accelerator ("Perbutyl Z", manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.) 4.5 parts in order, and about 5 minutes at room temperature The mixture for the lower layer was prepared by mixing until uniform.
Separately, 1214 parts of the above mixture for the lower layer was placed in a mold having a length of 15 cm, a width of 22 cm and a depth of 4 cm and a volume of 1320 cc. Thereafter, 264 parts of the above mixture for upper layer was placed thereon and smoothed, and the mold was closed. Set the mold on the molding press with the lower plate set at 170 ° C and the upper plate set at 150 ° C so that the lower layer mixture is at the bottom, hold at a pressure of 7 kgf / cm 2 for 15 minutes, then open the pressure. An elastic pavement material for walking paths was obtained in an upper layer of 15 cm long × 22 cm wide × 4 cm thick.
[0030]
As for the thickness structure of the pavement material for walking paths, the upper layer averaged 8 mm and the lower layer averaged 32 mm. The physical properties of the pedestrian pavement thus obtained were as follows and could be used as sidewalk blocks.
Figure 0003722093
[0031]
(Example 2)
Using the above-mentioned mixer, obtained by crushing 1200 parts of 12mm sieve-passed product and beige FRP bus unit molded product with crushed material obtained by crushing FRP vanity (artificial marble-like BMC) Unsaturated polyester resin ("Polylite PM400", manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) 300, in which 0.2% of 6% cobalt naphthenate has already been added to a mixture of 500 parts of a 4 mm sieved product obtained by pulverization Parts and a curing accelerator ("Permec N", manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.) were sequentially added, and the mixture for the lower layer was prepared by uniformly mixing for about 5 minutes using the above-mentioned mixer. This mixture was laid on hard asphalt concrete so as to have a thickness of 20 mm with an iron pressure roller. The pavement was fully cured after about 5 hours at room temperature.
[0032]
Next, 1000 parts of rubber chips having an average particle diameter of 1 to 3 mm obtained by pulverizing waste tires and 230 parts of urethane resin ("Pandex TP-1221", manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) are the same as described above. The mixture obtained by mixing was laid on the lower layer using an iron pressure roller so as to have a thickness of 20 mm. This upper layer was completely cured after about 15 hours at room temperature to obtain a pavement material for walking paths.
This pavement material for walking paths has a specific gravity of 0.98, water permeability, the lower layer is rigid and solid, the upper layer is elastic, and can be used for walking and running wearing golf shoes and spiked shoes for athletics. It was a tolerable layer.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
The pavement material for walkways of the present invention is excellent in strength, lightness, durability and water permeability, and can be used effectively such as waste rubber and waste FRP.
According to the present invention, waste rubber and thermosetting resin waste mainly used for landfill disposal can be used as a pavement material for walking paths. Furthermore, it can be cut with a woodworking saw without using a stone cutter, and even when block paving is performed on an irregular road, it can be easily cut according to the irregular floor or the edge of the road, so construction is easy and shortens construction time. It is possible to bring about an effect of crystallization. Furthermore, the pavement material for walking paths of the present invention can be effectively used for incineration as a cement raw material after use, and can cope with a recycling society.

Claims (10)

上層と下層とからなる歩行路用舗装材であって、前記上層がゴムチップ(A1)と、ゴムチップ(A1)を結合する合成樹脂(A2)とから成り、前記下層が繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)と熱硬化性樹脂(B2)との硬化物とから成ることを特徴とする歩行路用舗装材。  A pavement material for walking paths composed of an upper layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer is composed of a rubber chip (A1) and a synthetic resin (A2) that binds the rubber chip (A1), and the lower layer is a crushed material of fiber reinforced plastic ( A pavement material for walking paths, comprising a cured product of B1) and a thermosetting resin (B2). 前記上層と下層とがそれぞれ空隙を有し、上層と下層の空隙の合計体積が歩行路用舗装材の全体体積の5〜40%である請求項1記載の歩行路用舗装材。  The pedestrian pavement material according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer each have a gap, and the total volume of the upper layer and the lower layer gap is 5 to 40% of the total volume of the pedestrian pavement material. 前記下層が、繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)80〜95重量%と熱硬化性樹脂(B2)5〜20重量%との硬化物からなる請求項1記載の歩行路用舗装材。  The pavement material for walkways of Claim 1 which the said lower layer consists of hardened | cured material of 80 to 95 weight% of crushed materials (B1) of fiber reinforced plastics, and 5 to 20 weight% of thermosetting resins (B2). 前記上層が、さらに、硬質の粒状物(A3)を含む請求項1記載の歩行路用舗装材。  The pavement material for walking paths according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer further includes a hard granular material (A3). 前記繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)が、廃棄された繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物である請求項1に記載の歩行路用舗装材。  The pavement material for walking paths according to claim 1, wherein the crushed fiber reinforced plastic (B1) is a discarded crushed fiber reinforced plastic. 前記合成樹脂(A2)が、硬化性ウレタン樹脂である請求項1記載の歩行路用舗装材。  The pavement material for walking paths according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin (A2) is a curable urethane resin. 前記熱硬化性樹脂(B2)が、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂である請求項に記載の歩行路用舗装材。The pavement material for walking paths according to claim 1 , wherein the thermosetting resin (B2) is an unsaturated polyester resin. 上層と下層の厚さの比が、上層:下層=5〜50:50〜95である請求項1に記載の歩行路用舗装材。  The ratio of the thickness of an upper layer and a lower layer is upper layer: lower layer = 5-50: 50-95, The pavement material for walkways of Claim 1. 上層を形成するゴムチップ(A1)と、ゴムチップ(A1)を結合する合成樹脂(A2)との混合物を金型内へ投入する第1工程と、下層を形成する繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)と熱硬化性樹脂(B2)との混合物を金型内へ投入する第2工程と、金型を加熱下に加圧して金型内の前記混合物を一体成形する第3工程とからなることを特徴とする歩行路用舗装材の製造方法。  A first step in which a mixture of a rubber chip (A1) that forms the upper layer and a synthetic resin (A2) that binds the rubber chip (A1) is put into a mold, and a crushed fiber-reinforced plastic (B1) that forms the lower layer And a second step of putting the mixture of the thermosetting resin (B2) into the mold and a third step of pressing the mold under heating and integrally molding the mixture in the mold. A method for producing a pavement material for a walking path. 舗装すべき基盤上へ下層を形成する繊維強化プラスチックの破砕物(B1)と熱硬化性樹脂(B2)との混合物を敷設する第1工程と、その上に上層を形成するゴムチップ(A1)と、ゴムチップ(A1)を結合する合成樹脂(A2)との混合物を敷設する第2工程と、前記混合物を一体として硬化せしめる第3工程とからなることを特徴とする歩行路用舗装材の製造方法。  A first step of laying a mixture of a fiber-reinforced plastic crushed material (B1) and a thermosetting resin (B2) forming a lower layer on a base to be paved, and a rubber chip (A1) forming an upper layer thereon A method for producing a pavement material for walking paths, comprising: a second step of laying a mixture with a synthetic resin (A2) for bonding the rubber chip (A1); and a third step of curing the mixture as a unit. .
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