JP3716687B2 - Method and apparatus for investigating wall surface of shaft - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shaft rock wall wall survey method and a survey device, and more particularly to a survey method and a survey device in which digital image information in the circumferential direction of a shaft wall surface can be continuously obtained.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When constructing conduits for underground power plants, ventilation tunnels for highway tunnels, or access tunnels for high-level radioactive waste disposal sites, these conduits or tunnels are almost perpendicular to the bedrock. In some cases, it is a vertical shaft.
[0003]
When constructing such a shaft, as in normal tunnel construction where the drilling proceeds almost horizontally, the rock wall surface of the excavated shaft is investigated, and the geological conditions such as the condition of rock cracks and the condition of spring water It is very important to know the progress of excavation.
[0004]
However, the conventional method for investigating a rock excavation wall surface has been performed by visual observation or photography using a silver salt film, but has the following problems.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In other words, in the survey method performed only by visual observation, it takes a lot of time to observe, but in this type of construction, the geological observation can be performed only before the lining construction immediately after the start, and during the work. It is very difficult to secure such visual observation time.
[0006]
Even when visual observation and photography are used in combination, there are cases where there is no consistency between the observation results of visual observation and photography, and it is difficult to accurately recognize the geology of the rock wall.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to reduce work time and to obtain accurate quantitative data such as crack width, direction, and inclination. It is another object of the present invention to provide a shaft rock wall investigation method and investigation apparatus that can recognize the geology of a rock wall surface .
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention measures a distance between a digital camera for imaging the rock wall surface and the digital camera and the rock wall surface when conducting a geological survey of the wall surface of the excavated shaft. A light wave distance meter, an auto gyro that controls rotational movement and direction of the digital camera based on a vertical and a horizontal encoder attached to the digital camera, and a leveling equipped with the digital camera, a light wave distance meter, and an auto gyro A surveying device having a platform is suspended and installed in the shaft, By adjusting the angle of view and focus of the digital camera through automatic leveling by the leveling table, distance measurement by the light wave distance meter, and rotation and orientation control by the auto gyro, the digital camera is currently facing After imaging the rock wall surface, the digital encoder is rotated around the rock wall surface by rotating the digital camera while checking the angle with the horizontal encoder, and the digital camera is lowered by a predetermined distance. Then, by performing image processing on the captured image information, a development view of the wall surface and a three-dimensional columnar diagram are obtained, and based on the obtained development drawing and the three-dimensional columnar diagram, the crack width, direction, Quantitative data such as slope was obtained.
Further, the present invention is an investigation device used in the investigation method of the wall surface of the shaft rock,
A digital camera for imaging the rock wall surface, a light wave distance meter for measuring the distance between the digital camera and the rock wall surface, and a vertical and horizontal encoder attached to the digital camera for rotational movement and orientation of the digital camera A survey device comprising an auto gyro controlled based on the above and a leveling table equipped with the digital camera, a light wave distance meter, and an auto gyro, wherein the leveling table, the light wave distance meter, and the auto gyro are combined. The operation of rotating the digital camera and taking a round image of the rock wall surface while enabling automatic imaging including the imaging position and orientation is repeated by lowering the digital camera by a predetermined distance and imaged. The developed image information and the three-dimensional columnar view are obtained by image processing the obtained image information.
According to the shaft rock wall survey method and the survey apparatus configured as described above, when the digital camera is rotated and the rock wall surface is imaged, digital image information for recognizing the geology of the rock wall surface can be obtained in a short time. By processing the captured image information, the development of the wall surface and the three-dimensional columnar diagram are obtained. Based on the obtained development diagram and the three-dimensional columnar diagram, the crack width, direction, inclination, etc. of the wall surface are obtained. Quantitative data can be obtained to more accurately recognize the geology of the rock wall.
In the vertical rock wall survey apparatus, the digital camera can be configured so that the focal length and the photographing angle can be adjusted by remote control.
According to this configuration, the digital camera can be remotely operated from the outside of the vertical shaft, and the circumference of the rock wall can be imaged.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a method and apparatus for investigating a wall surface of a vertical rock according to the present invention.
[0010]
The survey apparatus 10 shown in the figure is used for recognizing the geology of the rock wall 14 at the lower end of the vertical shaft 12 constructed almost vertically. The shaft 12 excavates the rock at the lower end to a predetermined depth and discharges the excavation gap, and then the lining layer 16 is sequentially constructed on the rock wall 14 at the excavation completion part, and such work is requested as one excavation cycle. The same operation is repeated up to the depth.
[0011]
For example, shotcrete or an annular precast segment is used to form the lining layer 16. In FIG. 1, a state in which the construction of the shaft 12 has progressed to some extent is shown in a cross section, and a step-like work scaffold 18 is suspended inside the shaft 12, and the bottom stage of the work scaffold 18 is An excavator 20 for excavating a rock is attached.
[0012]
The investigation apparatus 10 for the rock wall 14 is suspended and installed on the central axis of the shaft 12. FIG. 2 shows details of the investigation device 10 of this embodiment. In the investigation of the rock wall 12, extraction of discontinuous surface distributions (direction and inclination) such as cracks, spring conditions, and weathering conditions are important requirements.
[0013]
In this case, regarding the extraction of cracks, high-definition observation is necessary from the viewpoint of resolution, and in order to extract the spring water condition and weathering condition, it is necessary to determine the color information of the object.
[0014]
Therefore, in order to satisfy such a need, the investigation device 10 has adopted a high-resolution digital camera 22 capable of obtaining color imaging. In addition, since it takes a long time and troublesome for humans to shoot every excavation cycle, the installation from the installation of the digital camera 22 to the shooting can be automated.
[0015]
That is, the investigation apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes a digital camera 22 with a light wave distance meter, a zoom lens 24 that adjusts the size of the image captured by the camera 22, a vertical encoder 26, a horizontal encoder 28, and an auto gyro 30. I have.
[0016]
The auto gyro 30 controls the posture of the digital camera 22 mounted on the upper side thereof based on the detection values of the vertical and horizontal encoders 26 and 28, and is arranged at the lower part thereof. It is mounted on the leveling table 32.
[0017]
The leveling table 32 has a structure in which the leveling is automatically maintained, and is placed on a disk-shaped support table 34 below the leveling table 32. A substantially U-shaped hanging bracket 36 is fixed to the side surface of the support base 34, and a weight base 38 for maintaining the overall balance of the investigation apparatus 10 is attached to the lower surface side thereof.
[0018]
And the investigation apparatus 10 is suspended and supported by locking the wire 39 to the suspension fitting 36. 2 is an operation panel for manually operating the investigation device 10 instead of automatically, and reference numeral 44 is a gyro monitor for displaying the control state of the auto gyro 30. is there.
[0019]
Reference numeral 46 denotes a measurement value monitor of the digital camera 22. In the survey apparatus 10 having the above configuration, for example, a digital camera 22 having a CCD element of 6 million pixels is used for horizontal adjustment, encoder rotation, photo imaging (focus, exposure, zoom), etc. By combining the leveling table 32, the light wave distance meter, and the auto gyro 30, automatic imaging including the imaging position and orientation can be performed.
[0020]
Then, the digital camera 22 is rotated so that, for example, about 4 to 6 images are taken so as to cover one turn.
[0021]
FIG. 3 shows an example of the procedure of a method for conducting a geological survey of the rock wall 14 using the survey device 10 of the present embodiment. In the procedure shown in the drawing, first, when it is determined in step 1 that excavation by the excavator 20 has been completed and the excavation of the excavation has been completed, the survey apparatus 10 is lowered in step 2.
[0022]
When the descent of the investigation device 10 is performed to a predetermined position, that is, to the upper end side of the position where the rock wall surface 14 is newly excavated, the investigation device 10 is installed at that position, and automatic leveling by the leveling table 32 is performed. Is performed (step 3).
[0023]
With respect to the lowered position of the investigation device 10, that is, the depth of descent, for example, the position can be measured by measuring the feed amount of the wire 39 that supports and suspends the device 10 by using an encoder or the like. If the position is entered in advance, it can be installed at the automatically set position.
[0024]
When the installation of the survey device 10 is completed, a control signal is transmitted by remote control from the outside of the tunnel, and the imaging field angle, focus, etc. of the digital camera 22 are adjusted, and the rock wall surface 14 on which the digital camera 22 is currently facing. Is imaged (step 4).
[0025]
When the imaging for one sheet is completed, the digital encoder 22 is rotated while confirming the angle by the horizontal encoder 26, and imaging is repeatedly performed at predetermined angular intervals, and the rock wall surface 14 of the shaft 12 is imaged in a circular manner. After that, the digital camera 22 is lowered by a predetermined distance, and the operation in step 4 and this operation are repeated (step 5).
[0026]
In this case, the number of times of repeating the operations in steps 4 and 5 is determined by one imaging angle of view of the digital camera 22, and for example, imaging of the rock wall surface 14 in the depth direction of one excavation cycle is possible with one imaging angle of view. If there is, it is not necessary to repeat the operation of Step 4 and Step 5, and if it is not sufficient twice, the operation is repeated until imaging of the rock wall surface 14 in the depth direction of one excavation cycle becomes possible.
[0027]
Since the imaging information obtained as described above is, for example, 4 to 6 images for one round of the rock wall 14, the image data is brought back to the office and the image data is joined (step). 6).
[0028]
In the image processing performed here, a plurality of obtained image data is taken into a computer, and the image data are connected to form a wall surface development view or create a three-dimensional columnar view.
[0029]
Now, according to the shaft rock wall survey method and the survey apparatus configured as described above, when the digital camera 22 is rotated and the rock wall 14 is imaged around, the information for recognizing the geology of the rock wall 14 is short. As well as being obtained in time, by performing image processing on the captured image information, a development view of the wall surface can also be obtained. Based on the obtained development view, quantitative data such as crack width, direction, and inclination of the wall surface 14 can be obtained. It can be obtained and the geology of the rock wall 14 can be recognized more accurately.
[0030]
Further, in the investigation apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the digital camera 22 is configured to be capable of adjusting the focal length and the photographing angle by remote operation, so that the digital camera 22 is remotely operated from the outside of the shaft 12. Further, it is possible to perform a round imaging of the rock wall surface 14.
[0031]
Furthermore, since the surveying apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes a leveling table 32 that is automatically adjusted to be horizontal, and the digital camera 22 and the auto gyro 30 are mounted on the leveling table 32, the surveying device 10 is suspended and installed. When the survey apparatus 10 is set at a predetermined position, the leveling table 32 equipped with the digital camera 22 and the auto gyro 30 is automatically adjusted to the horizontal, so that the image capturing by the digital camera 22 can be performed more quickly. .
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the method and apparatus for investigating the wall surface of a vertical rock according to the present invention, the work time is short, and the rock mass is accurately obtained by obtaining quantitative data such as crack width, direction, and inclination. The geology of the wall can be recognized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory side view of an apparatus installation state showing an embodiment of a method and apparatus for investigating a wall surface of a vertical rock according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the investigation device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a work procedure when a survey is performed using the survey device illustrated in FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Investigation apparatus 12 Vertical shaft 14 Rock wall surface 22 Digital camera 30 Auto gyro 32 Leveling stand

Claims (3)

When conducting a geological survey of the wall surface of the excavated shaft,
A digital camera for imaging the rock wall surface, a light wave distance meter for measuring the distance between the digital camera and the rock wall surface, and a vertical and horizontal encoder attached to the digital camera for rotational movement and orientation of the digital camera An inspection device having an auto gyro controlled based on the above and a leveling table on which the digital camera, the optical wave distance meter, and the auto gyro are mounted in a suspended manner in the shaft, By adjusting the angle of view and focus of the digital camera through automatic leveling by the leveling table, distance measurement by the light wave distance meter, and rotation and orientation control by the auto gyro, the digital camera is currently facing After imaging the rock wall surface, the digital encoder is rotated around the rock wall surface by rotating the digital camera while checking the angle with the horizontal encoder, and the digital camera is lowered by a predetermined distance. Let me repeat,
Image processing is performed on the captured image information to obtain a development view and a three-dimensional columnar view of the wall surface. Based on the obtained development view and three-dimensional columnar drawing, quantitative determination of the crack width, direction, inclination, etc. of the wall surface A method for investigating the wall surface of a vertical rock characterized by obtaining data. An investigation device used for the investigation method of the wall surface of the vertical rock according to claim 1,
A digital camera for imaging the rock wall;
A lightwave distance meter for measuring the distance between the digital camera and the rock wall surface ;
An auto gyro that controls the rotational movement and orientation of the digital camera based on a vertical and horizontal encoder attached to the digital camera;
An investigation device comprising the digital camera, a light wave distance meter, and a leveling table equipped with an auto gyro,
With the combination of the leveling table, the light wave distance meter, and the auto gyro, with the automatic imaging including the imaging position and orientation, the operation of rotating the digital camera and imaging the rock wall surface, The digital camera is lowered by a predetermined distance and repeated.
An apparatus for investigating a wall surface of a vertical rock bed , wherein a developed view of a wall surface and a three-dimensional columnar diagram are obtained by performing image processing on captured image information. 3. The vertical rock wall wall survey apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the digital camera is configured to be capable of adjusting a focal length and a photographing angle by remote control.

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