JP3714317B2 - Civil engineering and building materials and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to civil engineering and building materials that can be used as paving stones on sidewalks and the like, inner walls, ceilings, and flooring materials in buildings, and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a civil engineering building material using charcoal, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, and charcoal of fruit shells are pulverized, and mainly pulp, resin fibers and cement are combined, water is added and kneaded, and pressed into a block shape. Charcoal blocks that are molded and dried, and charcoal blocks that are made by mixing charcoal powder particles, cement, pyroligneous acid liquid and wood fiber, forming a block shape by applying pressure to this, and drying for a certain period after molding Known (for example, see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
[0003]
On the other hand, as paving stones used on sidewalks and the like, those made of rectangular concrete in plan view and corrugated concrete blocks that can be arranged with almost no gap are widely adopted.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Hei 4-98914 (2nd page, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-11-131633 (2nd page, FIG. 1)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Charcoal blocks such as those mentioned above are recently attracting attention because they are lightweight and friendly to the natural environment, but because they use granular charcoal, there is a problem that sufficient drainage and cushioning properties cannot be secured. Moreover, the design was simple and lacked interest.
[0006]
Moreover, since it is light compared with a concrete block, when using it as a paving stone etc., there exists a problem that a charcoal block is rattle, and had become a big obstacle with respect to practical use.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a civil engineering and building material that is mainly composed of charcoal, is excellent in drainage and cushioning properties, and is also interesting in design, and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0008]
[Means and Actions for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has intensively studied on a roadbed material for a promenade suitable for the natural environment, and in order to leave a texture of charcoal, invented the use of a roadbed material using a piece of charcoal, a piece of charcoal, cement, a resin binder, and an aggregate. We made a prototype of the roadbed by mixing it with water, placing it on the construction surface, and compacting it. However, in this roadbed, there are various problems such as unevenness in compaction and sufficient strength cannot be obtained, construction work is complicated and construction cost is high, and factory to solve this problem The idea of improving the workability of the construction work and reducing the construction cost by laying the blocks formed in a block shape on the construction site, etc. has led to the completion of the present invention.
[0009]
The civil engineering and building material according to claim 1 is a charcoal piece that can be passed through a through hole having a length of 10 cm or less and a diameter of 1 cm, a resin binder , cement , bone, The material is a main material, and is compressed and solidified into a set shape.
[0010]
In this civil engineering and building material, since charcoal pieces are used, cushioning properties and water permeability can be improved as compared with the case where powdered charcoal is used. Moreover, it becomes a state in which the charcoal piece became entangled by compression molding, and it becomes possible to ensure sufficient intensity | strength, although it is lightweight rather than the case where charcoal powder is used. Moreover, since the charcoal pieces are exposed on the surface, it can achieve a warm texture, and when used as a paving stone for a promenade, it is possible to achieve harmony with nature, such as building wall materials and ceiling materials. When it is used, it is possible to realize a calm and relaxing living space, and to absorb moisture and odor, so that the living environment can be improved. And since the charcoal piece which is 10 cm or less in length and can pass through a through-hole of 1 cm in diameter is used, the intensity | strength of civil engineering and building materials is fully securable.
[0011]
Such civil engineering and building materials can be used for various civil engineering materials such as promenades, tree-lined roads and sidewalks, paving stones such as rivers and revetments, retaining wall materials, various building materials such as ceiling materials, wall materials and floor materials, or It can be used for various furniture such as partitions, table tops and chairs.
[0012]
It may be compressed and solidified into a substantially polygonal plate shape in plan view. Such civil engineering and building materials are preferable because they can be arranged side by side without gaps in the same plane, and workability and handling properties can be improved.
[0013]
In the case of forming in a polygonal shape, a fitting protrusion protruding outward is formed at the lower part of one adjacent side, and a fitting recess in which the fitting protrusion is unevenly fitted at the lower part of the other side. It may be formed. In other words, civil engineering and construction materials using charcoal fragments are lighter than concrete ones, so when used as paving stones, the opposite side will float when stepped on, ensuring sufficient stability. Since it is difficult to do this, it is preferable to improve the installation stability by connecting the adjacent civil engineering and building materials by the concave-convex fitting between the fitting protrusion and the fitting recess.
[0015]
You may arrange | position the metal mesh for reinforcement in the middle part of the thickness direction. In this case, the strength of the civil engineering and building materials can be further increased.
[0016]
The method for producing a civil engineering and building material according to the present invention is the method for producing a civil engineering and building material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the wood is pulverized and then carbonized by heating, and the length is 10 cm. The following charcoal pieces that can pass through a screen with a 1 cm diameter through-hole, resin binder , cement , aggregate, and water are kneaded and filled into a mold and compression molded into a set shape. Then, after the mold release, it is cured for a certain period.
[0017]
According to this manufacturing method, it is possible to produce a civil engineering and building material that is excellent in drainage and cushioning properties, is easy to construct, and can reduce the construction cost at low cost and efficiently.
[0018]
Further, as the charcoal pieces, wood and pulverized heated to carbonization from a not use what can pass through the screen was formed through holes and diameter 1cm at 10cm below length Runode, available as paving stones It becomes possible to produce strong civil engineering and building materials.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In this embodiment, the civil engineering and building materials according to the present invention are applied to paving stones used on a promenade or the like.
[0020]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the paving stone 1 is composed of charcoal fragments, resin binders, cement, and aggregates as main materials, and is compressed and solidified into a plate shape. A plate-like main body 2, three fitting protrusions 3 having a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view formed outwardly projecting at the lower part of every other side of the six sides of the main body 2, and the main body It includes a fitting recess 4 having a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view, which is recessed so as to open at the lower part of the remaining three sides of the part 2 and fits into the fitting protrusion 3 in an uneven manner.
[0021]
The fitting recess 4 is recessed in the lower part of the main body 2 with the lower surface side and the outer surface side opened, and the fitting recess 4 is fitted from the upper side to the fitting protrusion 3 of the paving stone 1 installed earlier. The plurality of paving stones 1 can be arranged adjacent to each other in the same plane without a substantial gap. And since the adjacent paving stones 1 are stepped by the uneven fitting in this way, even when a load acts on the outer edge portion of the paving stone 1, it becomes possible to receive this load with a plurality of paving stones 1 and the stability of the paving stone 1 Can be improved. However, the shape of the fitting protrusion 3 and the fitting recess 4 can be set to any shape as long as the concave and convex fitting is possible. Reference numeral 5 denotes a tapered surface formed at the upper part of the outer edge of the main body 2, and the tapered surface prevents damage such as chipping at the upper part of the outer edge of the main body 2.
[0022]
A piece of charcoal having a length set to 10 cm or less, preferably 8 cm or less can be suitably used, and in particular, 2 cm to 5 cm so as to ensure the strength and rigidity as the paving stone 1 while leaving the texture of charcoal. It is preferable to adjust the length so that the largest number is distributed. Maximum longitudinal area of the charcoal pieces, 1 cm ² can be utilized suitably as set below, especially strength while ensuring a cushion property, to enhance the rigidity, most distribution those 0.6cm ² ~0.8cm ² It is preferable to adjust so as to. It is effective to use wood that is crushed and carbonized from various types of wood that are not suitable for use as building materials, such as interstitial wood, root stock, pruned branches and leaves, and end materials generated during the lumbering process. It is preferable for use.
[0023]
As the resin binder, a resin binder such as urea resin, emulsion based on polyvinyl acetate, melamine resin, rubber, phenol resin, and epoxy resin can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use an emulsion-based resin binder that can leave the texture of charcoal pieces and can sufficiently secure the strength and rigidity of the paving stone 1.
[0024]
As the aggregate, known aggregates such as sand, gravel, and crushed stone can be used. However, it is preferable to use a fine aggregate having a particle diameter of 5 mm or less because the paving stone 1 can be easily post-processed with a saw or the like on site. Further, instead of the aggregate or in combination with the aggregate, a reinforcing material made of fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, natural fiber, and chemical fiber may be mixed. Furthermore, a reinforcing material such as a metal mesh may be integrally provided in the middle of the paving stone in the thickness direction.
[0025]
Next, a method for manufacturing the paving stone 1 will be described.
First, timber such as interstitial wood, root stock, pruned branches and leaves, and milling material generated in the sawmilling process is crushed and heated at 600 ° C. for 6 hours for carbonization, and then a large number of through holes having a diameter of 1 cm are formed. Only charcoal pieces having a diameter of 1 cm or less are selected on the formed punched metal screen. However, the heating temperature can be set to a temperature at which the wood does not burn out, for example, an arbitrary temperature of 400 ° C. to 700 ° C., and the heating time is appropriately set according to the heating temperature.
[0026]
Next, a resin binder, cement, aggregate, and water are added to the charcoal pieces selected as described above and uniformly kneaded. Specifically, with respect to 4.0 liters of charcoal pieces, 0.33 liters of polyvinyl acetate as a resin binder, 0.29 kg of cement, 0.54 kg of sand as aggregate, and 0.20-0. 25 liters are mixed and the average weight of the mixture used for one paving stone 1 is adjusted to 1.6 kg. At this time, a pigment may be mixed to color the mixture into a desired color.
[0027]
Next, the mixture is set in a mold, pressed at 50 N / cm ² to form a paving stone shape, and cured by shade drying for 1 month after mold release to obtain paving stone 1. However, since the mixture has low fluidity, when the fitting protrusion 3 and the main body 2 are pressed with the upper mold after filling the mixture into the lower mold, the thin fitting protrusion 3 is thick. Since it is compressed more than the main body 2 and the strength of the paving stone 1 becomes uneven, the upper surface of the fitting protrusion 3 is formed to the same height as the upper surface of the main body 2, and the fitting protrusion 3 of the fitting protrusion 3 is formed in a later process. The excess part on the upper side may be removed.
[0028]
When a promenade is implemented using such a paving stone 1, concrete is laid to form a flat surface in a state where crushed stone is laid on the roadbed of the construction site, and a plurality of paving stones 1 are fitted thereon. The concavity 4 and the fitting protrusion 3 are fitted in a concave and convex manner and arranged without a gap. In this way, since the promenade can be constructed using the paving stone 1 manufactured in advance in a factory or the like, construction work at the site can be greatly reduced.
[0029]
The paving stone 1 arranged on the side edge of the promenade is used by cutting the paving stone 1 vertically in half, but the paving stone 1 is mainly composed of charcoal pieces, so it is easy to meet the required dimensions at the site. Can be processed. However, like the paving stone 1A shown in FIG. 5, the paving stone 1 of the above-described embodiment having a main body 2A obtained by cutting the main body 2 vertically in half may be manufactured in advance at a factory or the like.
[0030]
In the above-described embodiment, the paving stone 1 whose main body portion 2 has a regular hexagonal shape in plan view has been described. However, the planar shape of the main body portion 2 may be configured in other shapes such as a square, a rectangle, and a triangle. For example, when laying in a narrow place like a staircase, like the paving stone 10 shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 9, an elongated pentagonal main body 11 and two sides on the right side of the main body 11. The fitting protrusion 12 is formed on the left side and the fitting recess 13 is formed on the two left sides, and the fitting protrusion 12 is fitted to the fitting protrusion 12 so that the other side fits a curb or the like. You may use what was comprised so that a recessed part and a protrusion might not be formed. In addition, although paving stones of the same shape may be laid, it is also possible to lay paving stones having different shapes of main body portions in combination.
[0031]
In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to the paving stone 1 used on a promenade or the like. However, using the same material as the paving stone 1, civil engineering materials such as a retaining wall other than the paving stone 1, an inner wall of a building, It is possible to construct ceilings and floors as building materials and furniture materials such as partitions and table tops and chairs.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
According to the civil engineering and building material according to claim 1, since charcoal pieces are used, cushioning and water permeability can be improved and charcoal pieces are entangled by compression molding than when charcoal powder is used. It is possible to ensure sufficient strength while being lighter than when using charcoal powder, and because the charcoal fragments are exposed on the surface, a warm and excellent textured material should be used. The effect of being realizable is acquired. And since the charcoal piece which is 10 cm or less in length and can pass through a through-hole of 1 cm in diameter is used, the civil engineering building material of the intensity | strength which can be used as a paving stone etc. is realizable.
[0033]
Here, it is preferable to use a material that has been compressed and solidified into a substantially polygonal plate shape in plan view, because it can be arranged side by side in the same plane without gaps, so that workability and handleability can be improved. In addition, when forming in a polygonal shape, a fitting protrusion protruding outward is formed at the lower part of one adjacent side, and the fitting protrusion is unevenly fitted at the lower part of the other side. By forming the concave portion, it is possible to improve the installation stability by combining the adjacent civil engineering materials by the concave-convex fitting between the fitting protrusion and the fitting concave portion.
[0034]
If a reinforcing metal mesh is arranged in the middle of the thickness direction, the strength of the civil engineering and building materials can be further increased.
[0035]
According to the method for producing a civil engineering and building material according to the present invention, it is possible to inexpensively and efficiently produce a civil engineering and building material that is excellent in drainage and cushioning properties and that can be easily constructed and reduced in construction cost. .
[0036]
Moreover, since the charcoal piece which is 10 cm or less in length and can pass through a through-hole with a diameter of 1 cm is used, it is possible to manufacture a civil engineering building material having a strength that can be used as a paving stone.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Perspective view of main part of boardwalk with paving stones laid [Fig. 2] Perspective view of paving stones [Fig. 3] (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a bottom view Fig. 4 Cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in Fig. 1 Fig. 5 Perspective view of paving stone used for side edge of boardwalk [Fig. 6] Perspective view of paving stone in other configurations [Fig. 7] (a) of paving stone Is a plan view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a bottom view. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the paving stone in FIG. 9VIII-VIII.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Paving stone 2 Main-body part 3 Fitting protrusion 4 Fitting recessed part 5 Tapered surface 1A Paving stone 10 Paving stone 11 Main-body part 12 Fitting protrusion 13 Fitting recessed part

Claims (5)

And heated by pulverizing wood carbonized, and charcoal pieces which can pass through the through hole of and 1cm in diameter at 10cm below length, and a resin binder, and cement, and aggregate as the main material, the set form Civil engineering and building materials that are compressed and solidified.   The civil engineering and building material according to claim 1, wherein the civil engineering material is compressed and solidified into a substantially polygonal plate shape in plan view.   The civil engineering building according to claim 2, wherein a fitting protrusion projecting outward is formed at a lower portion of one adjacent side, and a fitting recess is formed at the lower portion of the other side to which the fitting protrusion is unevenly fitted. Materials. The civil engineering and building material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a reinforcing metal mesh is disposed in the middle in the thickness direction. The method for producing a civil engineering and building material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the wood is pulverized and then carbonized by heating to form a through hole having a length of 10 cm or less and a diameter of 1 cm. A piece of charcoal that can pass through, resin binder , cement , aggregate, and water are kneaded, filled into a mold, compressed into a set shape, and then released for curing for a certain period of time. The manufacturing method of the civil engineering building material characterized by this.

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