JP3713194B2 - Flat burnishing tool - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a planar roller burnishing tool for performing a rolling process by contacting a planar portion of the surface of a workpiece.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a means for finishing the surface of the workpiece, there is a rolling process that reduces the surface roughness by pressing a roller against minute irregularities on the surface of the workpiece to slightly plastically deform it. This rolling process has a merit that a finishing process can be easily performed in a short time and with high accuracy by attaching a burnishing tool to a machine tool such as a lathe as compared with grinding or lapping.
Here, a burnishing tool that presses a roller against a flat portion of the surface of the workpiece and performs a rolling process is particularly referred to as a flat burnishing tool. This planar burnishing tool has a disk-like frame connected via a spring to a shank that can be fixed to the spindle of a drive mechanism that can rotate and move straight on a machine tool, and a groove and a mandrel formed radially on the frame. It has the structure which supports a roller. The roller is pressed by a mandrel toward a flat portion of the surface of the workpiece (hereinafter simply referred to as the surface). When the roller is rotated with the roller in contact with the surface of the workpiece, the roller rotates ( While rotating, it makes a circular motion (revolution) with respect to the center of the frame. As a result, the surface of the workpiece is subjected to a rolling process along the locus of the circular motion of the roller.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the work surface of the workpiece is large, it is necessary to translate the plane burnishing tool relative to the workpiece. However, if the plane burnishing tool is translated relative to the workpiece, the movement direction The surface portion of the workpiece that has been subjected to the rolling process by the front roller is overlapped and rolled by the rear roller in the moving direction. Here, if the surface of the workpiece is rolled and rolled in the process of parallel movement, a slight bulge or dent may occur on the surface of the workpiece, which is a cause of reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece. It was.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to eliminate machining defects caused by the movement of the planar burnishing tool when the surface of the workpiece is rolled while the plane burnishing tool is moved relative to the workpiece. The object is to provide a planar burnishing tool capable of obtaining a desired surface roughness.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention that solves the above-described problems has a shank that can be attached to a drive mechanism, and includes a frame that supports a compaction means that compacts the tip of the shank while rotating the plane of the workpiece. In the burnishing tool for flat surfaces, the frame can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the shank by a spacer fixed to the shank and a mandrel having a pressing portion that presses the rolling means toward the workpiece. The planar burnishing tool is supported, and the pressing portion has an inclination.
[0005]
According to such a configuration, since the frame is configured to be movable with respect to the shank, when the plane burnishing tool moves in parallel with the workpiece, the frame moves rearward in the movement direction with respect to the central axis of the shank. Move relative to. At this time, since the pressing part of the mandrel has an inclination, the contact state between the rolling means located in the front and rear of the moving direction and the pressing part of the mandrel changes. That is, since the pressing force applied to the rolling means on the front side in the moving direction increases, the rolling pressure of the rolling means increases. On the other hand, since the pressing force applied to the compaction means on the rear side in the moving direction is reduced, the compaction force by the compaction means is reduced. Thereby, the rolling process to the flat surface of the workpiece is substantially performed only by the front roller, and the surface of the workpiece is not subjected to the rolling process by overlapping, so that it is possible to prevent the surface of the workpiece from being raised or dented. In addition, such a planar burnishing tool can directly apply the stroke and pressing amount of the spindle of the machine tool to the frame and the roller via the shank, so that the amount of rolling pressure on the surface of the workpiece can be accurately controlled. be able to.
Note that “movable” means that when a certain member (frame) receives an external force, it can move in the same direction as the direction of the force.
[0006]
The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is the planar burnishing tool according to claim 1, wherein the rolling means is a tapered roller or a ball inserted in a groove formed in the frame. .
[0007]
According to such a configuration, during the parallel movement of the planar burnishing tool, the contact state between the rolling compaction means positioned before and after the moving direction and the pressing portion of the mandrel can be easily and greatly changed.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in the partially broken side view of the side surface of FIG. 1A, the bottom view of FIG. 1B, and the exploded view of FIG. 2, the planar burnishing tool 1 is elongated along the central axis C. , A ring-shaped mandrel 3, and a disk-shaped frame 5 having a radial groove 4. In addition, a roller 6 having a taper as a pressing portion is inserted into the groove 4.
[0009]
Next, each component of the planar burnishing tool 1 will be described below. In the following description, the upper side means the upper side of FIG. 1 (a), and the lower side means the lower side of FIG. 1 (a).
First, the shank 2 includes a main body portion 8 having a through hole 7 along the central axis C, and a flange portion 9 that protrudes from the main body portion 8 in the circumferential direction below the main body portion 8.
The upper end 8 a of the main body 8 has a coupling groove 10 for fixing a coolant supply pipe from a machine tool (not shown) to the through hole 7. Further, a thread groove 11 is formed at the lower end 8 b (tip) of the main body 8.
Further, a plurality of screw holes 12 are formed at equal intervals on the lower surface 9 a of the flange portion 9, and knock pins 13 are screwed into the screw holes 12.
[0010]
The mandrel 3 is a cylindrical member, and the lower surface thereof forms a tapered surface 15 that is a pressing portion that protrudes downward, and the outer peripheral portion of the tapered surface 15 has a stepped portion 16. ing. A recess 14 is formed on the upper surface of the mandrel 3 at a position corresponding to the protruding position of the knock pin 13.
The mandrel 3 is prevented from rotating with respect to the shank 2 by inserting a knock pin 13 into the recess 14, and a cylindrical lock cover 17 for locking the side portion of the mandrel 3 is screwed into the side surface of the flange portion 9 of the shank 2. This is fixed to the flange portion 9.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 2, the frame 5 is a disk-shaped member, and has a circular opening 17 at the center position, and a wall 18 is erected on the peripheral portion of the frame 5 upward. ing. Further, the frame 5 has elongated grooves 4 that are formed radially around the opening 17, and the roller 6 is inserted into the grooves 4.
[0012]
Here, the periphery of the opening 17 of the frame 5 is supported by the main body 8 of the shank 2 so as to be supported by the spacer 19 from below.
The spacer 19 is a cylindrical member having a flange 20 at the lower end, and is fixed to the lower end portion 8 b of the main body portion 8 of the shank 2 by a countersunk screw 22. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the protruding portion 21 formed at the edge of the opening 17 of the frame 5 is supported from below by the flange 20 of the spacer 19.
With this configuration, the stroke amount and the pressing force of the spindle of the machine tool can be directly transmitted to the frame 5 and the roller 6, so that the amount of rolling pressure on the surface of the workpiece W can be accurately controlled.
[0013]
Since the inner diameter of the opening 17 is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion of the spacer 19, the gap between the inner diameter of the protruding portion 21 of the opening 17 and the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion of the spacer 19 is as shown in FIG. A gap 23a is formed. Further, substantially the same gap 23b is formed between the outer diameter of the opening 17 and the outer shape of the flange 20 of the spacer.
[0014]
2, the wall portion 18 of the frame 5 has an upper surface 18a and an inner surface 18b, and the step portion 16 of the mandrel 3 has a lower surface 16a and a side surface 16b. As shown in FIG. 5 is supported by the mandrel 3 by bringing the upper surface 18a into contact with the lower surface 16a.
Here, a gap 24 a (see FIG. 3) substantially similar to the above is also formed between the inner surface 18 b of the wall portion 18 of the frame 5 and the side surface 16 b of the step portion 16 of the mandrel 3.
[0015]
Therefore, the center of the frame 5 is supported upward by the spacer 19, and the peripheral edge is pressed downward by the step portion 16 of the mandrel 3, so there is almost no play in the direction of the central axis C. On the other hand, since there are gaps 23a, 23b, 24a in the direction perpendicular to the central axis C (left and right direction in FIG. 1), the frame 5 can move in this direction. That is, the frame 5 can move in a direction perpendicular to the central axis C.
[0016]
The roller 6 has a taper that increases in diameter in the radial direction of the frame 5 (the direction from the opening 17 toward the wall 18), and the both ends engage with the surface of the workpiece W. To prevent it, chamfering is applied.
In addition, the roller 6 is prevented from falling when the lower part or the side part is in line contact with the edge of the groove 4 of the frame 5, and the upper part of the roller 6 is in line contact with the tapered surface 15 of the mandrel 3. It is pressed to the surface side.
[0017]
Further, the planar burnishing tool 1 can perform a rolling process while supplying the coolant to the surface of the workpiece W by supplying the coolant to the through hole 7 from the coupling groove 10 on the upper end portion 8a side of the main body 8. it can.
As shown in FIG. 1, a communication hole 25 formed so as to penetrate from the through hole 7 to the outer peripheral surface of the main body portion 8 is formed in the screw groove 11 of the lower end portion 8 b of the main body portion 8. Further, a vertical groove 26 is carved downward on the outer surface of the main body 8 so as to continue to the communication hole 25. Accordingly, the coolant flows in the through hole 7 to the position of the end face of the countersunk screw 22 at the lower end 8 b of the main body 8, and flows down to the frame 5 through the communication hole 25 and the vertical groove 26. Then, from between the frame 5 and the tapered surface 15 of the mandrel 3, it is ejected to the surface of the workpiece W through the groove 4 of the frame 5.
[0018]
Next, a procedure for performing a rolling process on the surface of the workpiece W using the planar burnishing tool 1 will be described. Here, the planar burnishing tool 1 is described as being translated with respect to the workpiece W. However, the planar burnishing tool 1 is fixed and the table on which the workpiece W is placed is translated, or both are parallel. You may comprise so that it may move.
[0019]
First, it is fixed to a spindle of a drive mechanism of a machine tool such as a milling machine or a machining center through a tool holder suitable for the shank 2 of the planar burnishing tool 1. Thereby, the central axis C of the planar burnishing tool 1 becomes the rotation axis of the planar burnishing tool 1.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the machine tool is operated to bring the roller 6 of the planar burnishing tool 1 into contact with the surface of the workpiece W. Then, while supplying the coolant from the gap between the groove 4 of the frame 5 and the roller 6, the spindle of the machine tool is rotated to rotate the planar burnishing tool in the direction of arrow A with respect to the central axis C. Thus, each roller 6 revolves in the direction of arrow A about the central axis C while rotating in the direction of arrow a.
Here, by controlling the amount of rolling by which the roller 6 rolls the surface of the workpiece W with the stroke amount of the spindle, an appropriate value (for example, 0.02 to 0.05 mm) is controlled. The convex portion on the surface is plastically deformed by a predetermined amount of rolling, and the surface of the workpiece W is mirror-finished in an annular shape.
[0020]
In this state, if the surface of the workpiece W is rolled for a predetermined time, the planar burnishing tool 1 is translated in the direction of arrow B in FIG. At this time, a force in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the main shaft is applied to the frame 5 due to a frictional force generated mainly between the surface of the workpiece W and the roller 6. Here, since the frame 5 is configured to be movable in the direction perpendicular to the central axis C as described above, the position of the frame 5 is relative to the position of the central axis C as shown in FIG. It is shifted backward by a predetermined amount d. The predetermined amount d is determined by the widths of the gaps 23a, 23b, and 24a. When the frame 5 moves rearward by the predetermined amount d, the inner surface 18b of the left wall 18 and the mandrel 3 shown in FIG. The left side surface 16b of the left step 16 contacts the left side of the opening 17 of the frame and the left side of the spacer 19. That is, the gaps 23a, 23b, 24a on the left side in FIG. 4 are eliminated, and the gaps 23a, 23b, 24a on the right side in the figure are increased accordingly.
[0021]
Here, the mandrel 3 of the planar burnishing tool 1 has a taper surface 15 as a pressing portion that presses the roller 6, so that when the position of the frame 5 is shifted backward with respect to the position of the central axis C, the front side in the traveling direction The contact state between each of the rollers 6a and 6b located on the rear side and the tapered surface 15 of the mandrel 3 changes.
Since the roller 6a on the rear side in the traveling direction is in line contact with the tapered surface 15 at a high position of the tapered surface 15 of the mandrel 3, the force with which the roller 6a is pressed against the surface side of the workpiece W is small. Become. Accordingly, since the force with which the roller 6a rolls the surface of the workpiece W is reduced, the roller 6a does not substantially roll the surface of the workpiece W.
[0022]
On the other hand, the roller 6b on the front side in the traveling direction is in line contact with the tapered surface 15 at a position where the tapered surface 15 of the mandrel 3 is low, so that the roller 6a is strongly pressed against the surface of the workpiece W. become. Accordingly, the force with which the roller 6a rolls the surface of the workpiece W increases.
Therefore, when the planar burnishing tool 1 is translated, the surface of the workpiece W is compacted only by the front roller 6b in the traveling direction. Accordingly, the surface of the workpiece W is not overlapped and pressed by the rear roller 6a, so that the surface of the workpiece W can be prevented from rising or being depressed.
[0023]
At this time, since the backward force applied to the frame 5 during the parallel movement of the spindle disappears, the position of the frame 5 returns to the position shown in FIG. 3, and the spindle of the machine tool and the center of the frame 5 coincide. .
Therefore, at this position, the surface of the workpiece W is subjected to rolling, and thereafter, the above-described operation is repeated, and the remaining area of the workpiece W is also mirror-finished. In addition, when the processing width of the rolling process is larger than the effective machining diameter of the planar burnishing tool 1, it is desirable to perform the rolling process so that the machining surfaces are overlapped twice or more.
[0024]
Such a planar burnishing tool 1 is configured such that the frame 5 can be freely moved in a direction perpendicular to the central axis C, and a tapered surface 15 is used for the pressing portion of the roller 6. The rolling force on the surface of the workpiece W by the roller 6 can be easily controlled during the parallel movement. Accordingly, a wide range of rolling processes can be performed quickly with high accuracy.
[0025]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 5A and 5B, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 5A, the planar burnishing tool 51 forms a plurality of round holes 54 around the opening 17 of the frame 55, and a spherical ball 56 which is a rolling means in each round hole 54. Is inserted.
By using the ball 56 as the rolling means, the number of rolling means that can be arranged in the frames 5 and 55 having the same area can be increased as compared with the case where the roller 6 is used. Further, since the ball 56 does not have directionality in rolling, slip between the surface of the work W and the surface of the work W is reduced, so that the plane burnishing tool 51 can be rotated at high speed with respect to the work W.
Furthermore, the pressing portion 65 of the mandrel 53 that presses the ball 56 toward the surface of the workpiece W has a curved surface shape, and is arranged so that the pressing portion 65 and the ball 56 are in point contact.
[0026]
Here, the opening 67 of the frame 55 is supported by the protrusion 61 on the flange 70 of the spacer 59 from below. A gap 73 a is formed between the protruding portion 61 and the inner cylindrical portion of the spacer 59, and a gap 73 b is formed between the opening 67 and the flange 70.
Further, a gap 74 a is also formed between the inner surface 68 b of the wall portion 68 standing on the peripheral edge portion of the frame 55 and the side surface 66 b of the step portion of the mandrel 53.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 5B, when the plane burnishing tool 51 is translated in the direction of the arrow B with respect to the surface of the workpiece W, the spacer 59 and the mandrel 53 can move freely in the direction perpendicular to the central axis C. The supported frame 55 moves rearward until the inner surface 68b of the left wall 68 in the drawing contacts the side surface 66b of the mandrel 53. At this time, the left side of the opening 67 of the frame 55 and the left side of the spacer 59 abut. On the other hand, the gaps 73a, 73b, 74a located on the right side in the drawing are larger than those in the non-parallel movement.
[0028]
As a result, the contact position between the pressing portion 65 of the mandrel 53 and the ball 56 changes. That is, the ball 56a on the rear side in the traveling direction is pressed at a high position along the curved shape of the pressing portion 65, so that the rolling force of the ball 56a against the surface of the workpiece W is reduced. On the other hand, since the ball 56b on the front side in the traveling direction is pressed at a low position along the curved shape of the pressing portion 65, the rolling force of the ball 56b against the surface of the workpiece W increases.
Since the contact position between the pressing portion 65 of the mandrel 53 and the ball 56 changes in this manner, the rolling process is performed only by the ball 56b on the front side of the plane burnishing tool 51, so that the surface of the workpiece Will not be duplicated. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the surface of the workpiece W from being raised or dented.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention provides a planar burnishing tool that supports the frame so as to be freely movable in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the shank, and has a pressing portion that presses the rolling means toward the workpiece. Therefore, when the plane burnishing tool is translated relative to the workpiece, it is possible to easily control the contact state between the rolling means located before and after the moving direction and the pressing portion of the mandrel. It is possible to easily control the increase / decrease of the rolling pressure exerted on the work surface by the rolling means. Thereby, with a simple configuration, it is possible to prevent a rolling process with overlapping parallel movements, so that no depressions or bulges occur on the surface of the workpiece. Therefore, the finishing process of the surface of the workpiece can be performed quickly and accurately.
In particular, when the rolling means is a tapered roller or ball, when the plane burnishing tool is translated relatively to the workpiece, the contact state between the rolling means and the pressing portion of the mandrel is easily obtained, and It can be changed greatly. Therefore, the finishing process of the surface of the workpiece can be performed with higher accuracy with a simple configuration.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a partially broken side view and FIG. 1B is a bottom view showing an embodiment of a planar burnishing tool of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a lower portion of the planar burnishing tool.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which rolling processing is performed on the surface of a workpiece with a planar burnishing tool.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the planar burnishing tool is translated relative to the surface of the workpiece.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views showing a planar burnishing tool in (a) rolling process and (b) parallel movement in another embodiment of the present invention. FIGS.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,51 Flat burnishing tool 2 Shank 3, 53 Mandrel 4, 54 Groove 5, 55 Frame 6, 56 Roller (rolling means)
8 Body 15 Tapered surface (Pressing part)
19, 59 Spacers 23a, 23b, 24a, 73a, 73b, 74a, clearance 56 balls (rolling means)
65 Pressing part

Claims (2)

In a plane burnishing tool comprising a shank that can be attached to a drive mechanism, and a frame that supports a rolling means that rolls and compresses the tip of the shank while rotating the plane of the workpiece.
The frame is supported so as to be freely movable in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the shank by a spacer fixed to the shank and a mandrel having a pressing portion that presses the rolling means toward the workpiece. A planar burnishing tool, wherein the pressing portion has an inclination. The planar burnishing tool according to claim 1, wherein the rolling means is a tapered roller or a ball inserted into a groove formed in the frame.

Images