JP3711082B2 - Supporting force characteristic determining apparatus, supporting force characteristic determining method, program for realizing the supporting force characteristic determining apparatus, and storage medium storing the program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention is a bearing force characteristic determination device that obtains a bearing force characteristic such as adhesive strength of a desired ground, roadbed, structure or other surface based on the results of a loading test performed over a plurality of times,SoThe present invention relates to a supporting force characteristic determining method, software, and a storage medium for realizing the supporting force characteristic determining apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the field of construction and civil engineering, the “ultimate bearing capacity” defined as the load per unit area that the ground breaks is generally determined based on one of the following two methods.
[First method]
In the first method (hereinafter referred to as “first conventional example”), the known specifications (a) to (f) listed below are expressed by the following formula (1) (in general, “Terzaghi's bearing capacity” The ultimate support force q is obtained by substituting it into the formula.
[0003]
(a) Adhesive force C, internal friction angle φ, unit volume weight γ of the ground below the foundation bottom surface of the ground (hereinafter simply referred to as “measurement point”) for which the ultimate bearing force q is to be obtained.₁
(b) Average unit volume weight γ of the ground above this foundation bottom₂
(c) Shape factors α and β determined according to the shape of the base bottom surface
(d) Bearing capacity coefficient N given as a function of the internal friction angle φ described above_c, Nγ, N_q
(e) Depth D from the lowest ground surface close to the foundation bottom to the foundation bottom_f
(f) Minimum width of the foundation bottom surface (If the shape of the corresponding foundation bottom surface is circular, its diameter) B
q = αCN_c+ Βγ₁BNγ + γ₂D_fN_q  ... (1)
[Second method]
In the second method (hereinafter referred to as “second conventional example”), as shown in FIG. 10, in addition to the “loading plate” that is installed at a measurement point and whose diameter is a specified standard value Bs, The following “loading device” and “sinking amount measuring device” are installed on or around the loading plate, and this loading generated according to the load statically applied to the loading plate by this “loading device”. The amount of settlement of the plate is recorded, and the “ultimate support force” of the measurement point is actually measured as “a load corresponding to the yield point of the“ load-settlement amount curve ”indicating the correspondence between the load and the amount of settlement”.
[0004]
・ Loading equipment consisting of jacks, load cells, struts, loading beams, etc.
・ Subsidence amount measuring device that consists of a reference point, a reference beam, and a displacement meter and measures the amount of settlement of the loading plate
Here, for the sake of simplicity, the standard value Bs described above is assumed to be 30 centimeters conforming to the “Ground Engineering Society Standard (JGS1521-1995) Ground Plate Loading Test Method”.
[0005]
Further, hereinafter, the loading test performed by applying a static load to the loading plate as described above is simply referred to as “static loading test”.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the first conventional example described above, the internal friction angle φ to be substituted into the above equation (1) is generally subjected to an appropriate evaluation test by a skilled engineer, and further, the result of the evaluation test. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain sufficient accuracy simply and easily.
[0007]
Therefore, although the first conventional example is theoretically easily possible, it is difficult to apply in practice.
In the second conventional example described above, since both the physical dimensions and weight of the loading device and the settlement amount measuring device described above are generally large, it is ensured for the construction work of these devices. Careful design and planning that satisfy the maximum load and other conditions and ensure sufficient safety are indispensable, and the work alone requires several hours or more than half a day and requires a large cost.
[0008]
Furthermore, in the second conventional example, generally, a wide space necessary for the construction of the above-described apparatus must be secured around the measurement point, and a lot of man-hours are required in the static loading test. In many cases, it was difficult to apply due to restrictions on securing and cost.
In addition, in the second conventional example, the actual ultimate support force at the measurement point is too small or too large with respect to the ultimate support force that can be confirmed through the installed loading device and the settlement amount measuring device. In some cases, the purpose and accuracy may not be fully achieved.
[0009]
  The present invention greatly reduces the restrictions on the qualification and number of personnel, and supports flexible adaptation to various measurement points and the acquisition of the ultimate bearing capacity and bearing capacity characteristics with high efficiency and accuracy at low cost. Force characteristic determination device,BranchAn object of the present invention is to provide a holding characteristic determination method, software, and a storage medium.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
FIG. 1 is a principle block diagram of a supporting force characteristic judging apparatus according to the present invention.
[0011]
  In the first aspect of the invention, the equation acquisition means 31 includes an adhesive force per unit area of a measurement point on which a load test is to be performed, a coefficient that is uniquely determined by an internal friction angle of the measurement point, and a load test thereof. A known equation for the ultimate bearing capacity of this measurement point under static equilibrium conditions with respect to the width of the loading plate provided toA plurality of loading plates with different widths within the range whereThe ultimate bearing capacity determined individually based on the load test and thesepluralA simultaneous equation obtained by substituting a pair with the width of the loading plate is obtained. The measurement point characteristic calculation unit 32 obtains the adhesive force per unit area of a specific measurement point as a solution of the simultaneous equations acquired by the equation acquisition unit 31, and uses the internal friction angle of the specific measurement point as a solution of the simultaneous equations. Calculated as a suitable value.
[0012]
  Such an adhesive force and an internal friction angle are efficiently and highly accurately obtained without necessarily depending on a skilled expert.
  Therefore, the ultimate supporting force at the measurement point can be easily and accurately obtained by substituting these adhesive forces and internal friction angles into the above-mentioned known equations.
  In the invention according to claim 2, in the supporting force characteristic determination device according to claim 1,
  The equation acquisition means 31 was performed on a specific measurement point over the number of times exceeding the number of unknowns to be obtained as a solution of the simultaneous equations.dynamicA plurality of simultaneous equations obtained by substituting the ultimate supporting force obtained individually based on the loading test and the width of the loading plate subjected to these loading tests into a known equation are obtained. The measurement point characteristic calculating unit 32 obtains a plurality of adhesive forces and a plurality of internal friction angles by individually solving the plurality of simultaneous equations acquired by the equation acquiring unit 31, and calculates the adhesive force and the internal friction angle. The adhesive strength and the internal friction angle at a specific measurement point are obtained as individual average values.
[0013]
That is, the error associated with the adhesive force and the internal friction angle is compressed with high accuracy by positively referring to the pair of the load strength and the amount of settlement obtained as a result of the loading test described above. .
Therefore, as long as adaptation to the number of loading tests described above is possible, the surplus processing amount can be effectively used, and the accuracy of the ultimate support force can be improved.
[0014]
  The supporting force characteristic determining method according to claim 3 and claim 4 has the same technical characteristics and significance as the supporting force characteristic determining apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 2, and here, Omit descriptionAbbreviationTo do.
[0015]
  A program according to a fifth aspect causes a computer to function as all or part of the equation acquisition means 31 and the measurement point characteristic calculation means 32 constituting the supporting force characteristic determination device corresponding to the first aspect or the second aspect.
Therefore, the computer that executes the program according to the present invention is a component of the supporting force characteristic determination device according to any one of claims 3 and 2.
[0016]
  The storage medium according to claim 6 causes the computer to function as all or part of the equation acquisition means 31 and the measurement point characteristic calculation means 32 constituting the supporting force characteristic determination device according to claim 1 or claim 2. The program can be recorded and read by a computer.
[0017]
  Such a program is configured as software to be executed by the computer described above or as a microprogram incorporated in the computer, and is distributed by being recorded on a removable recording medium separate from such a computer. Can do.
  Therefore, a computer that reads and executes such a program from the recording medium according to the present invention is a component of the supporting force characteristic determination device according to any one of claims 1 and 2.
[0018]
  FIG. 2 is a principle block diagram of a dynamic loading test apparatus applicable to the present invention.
  In the first dynamic loading test apparatus, the monitoring means 41 calculates the impact force applied via the loading plate to the measurement point that is the subject of the dynamic loading test and the displacement of this measurement point according to the impact force. Monitor. The test result acquisition unit 42 obtains the load strength used in the dynamic loading test and the amount of settlement at the measurement point from the impact force and displacement monitored by the monitoring unit 41. The test condition changing mechanism 43 makes it possible to change all or part of the width, weight, and shape of the loading plate, and the speed and acceleration of the member that applies an impact force to the measurement point via the loading plate.
[0019]
  That is, among the conditions of the dynamic loading test to be performed on the measurement point, the width, weight, and shape of the loading plate described above, the speed of the member that gives an impact force to the measurement point via the loading plate, and the acceleration All or a part thereof can be changed as appropriate through the test condition changing mechanism 43.
  Therefore, the dynamic loading test to be performed a plurality of times at a desired measurement point is performed efficiently and with high accuracy as compared with the case where different dynamic loading test apparatuses are sequentially applied.
[0020]
  In the second dynamic loading test apparatus, in the first dynamic loading test apparatus, the man-machine interface means 44 includes a width of the loading plate and a width of a member that gives an impact force to the measurement point via the loading plate. Man-machine interface for setting or changing all or part of weight, shape, speed of member, acceleration.
  That is, among the conditions of the dynamic loading test performed on the measurement point, the width of the loading plate described above, and the width, weight, shape, and member of the member that gives an impact force to the measurement point via the loading plate All or a part of the speed and acceleration are appropriately set or updated according to the intention of the operator.
[0021]
  Therefore, the dynamic loading test to be performed at a plurality of times for a desired measurement point is performed more flexibly than the case where the above-described setting and updating of the conditions are automatically performed. The operator's judgment adapted to the result and progress can be flexibly reflected.
  In the third dynamic loading test apparatus, the monitoring means 41 calculates the impact force applied via the loading plate to the measurement point that is the subject of the dynamic loading test and the displacement of this measurement point according to the impact force. Monitor. The test result acquisition unit 42 obtains the load strength used in the dynamic loading test and the amount of settlement at the measurement point from the impact force and displacement monitored by the monitoring unit 41. The test condition changing mechanism 43A allows flexible adaptation to a dynamic loading test of a plurality of loading plates having different widths.
[0022]
  That is, among the conditions of the dynamic test performed on the measurement point, the width of the loading plate is appropriately set and updated by the test condition changing mechanism 43A updating the loading plate.
  Therefore, compared to a case in which the width of the loading plate is directly changed without replacing the main body of the loading plate, a machine resulting from the incorporation of a mechanism that enables such a change in the width into the loading plate. The setting and changing of the width of the loading plate, which is a condition for the dynamic loading test, can be reliably achieved without being restricted by the constraints on the general size, shape, strength and the like.
[0023]
  In the fourth dynamic loading test apparatus, in the first to third dynamic loading test apparatuses, the test result output means 45 stores the pair history of the load strength and the settlement amount obtained by the test result acquisition means 42. And output its history.
  That is, the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the present invention and a separate apparatus can perform a predetermined process to be applied to the load strength and the amount of settlement as a batch process.
[0024]
  Therefore, even if the processing load required for the processing and the function for realizing the processing are not provided in the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the present invention, the result of such processing is the same as that of the separate apparatus described above. Obtained reliably under linkage.
  In the fifth dynamic loading test apparatus, in the second dynamic loading test apparatus, the test result output means 45A has a test condition changing mechanism in accordance with the load strength and the amount of settlement determined by the test result acquisition means 42. A history of a combination of all or a part of the width of the loading plate changed by 43, the speed of the member that gives an impact force to the loading plate, and the acceleration of the member is taken, and the history is output.
[0025]
  That is, the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the present invention is separate from the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the individual conditions even when the dynamic loading test conditions that give the load strength and the amount of settlement as a result are not constant. Thus, the processing to be applied in different forms to these load strengths and sinking amounts can be performed as a batch process.
  Therefore, even if the processing load required for the processing and the function for realizing the processing are not provided in the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the present invention, the result of such processing is the same as that of the separate apparatus described above. Obtained flexibly and reliably under the cooperation.
[0026]
  In the sixth dynamic loading test apparatus, in the third dynamic loading test apparatus, the test result output means 45B has a test condition change 43A in accordance with the load strength and the amount of settlement determined by the test result acquisition means 42. The history of the combination which consists of the width of the loading board applied via is taken, and the history is outputted.
  That is, the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the present invention is separate from the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the individual conditions even when the dynamic loading test conditions that give the load strength and the amount of settlement as a result are not constant. Thus, the processing to be applied in different forms to these load strengths and sinking amounts can be performed as a batch process.
  Therefore, even if the processing load required for the processing and the function for realizing the processing are not provided in the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the present invention, the result of such processing is the same as that of the separate apparatus described above. Obtained flexibly and reliably under the cooperation.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the first and third embodiments of the present invention.
1st and 3rd embodiment of this invention is comprised from the following elements, as shown in FIG.
[0028]
A computer 52 that can access the database 51 shown in FIG.
A display device 53, a keyboard 54 and a mouse 55 which are connected to the computer 52 and are used for a man-machine interface between the computer 52 and the operator.
FIG. 5 is an operation flowchart of the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0029]
The operation of the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG.
In the case where the measurement point to be subjected to the dynamic loading test described above does not involve “incorporation”, the depth D included in the “Terzaghi bearing capacity formula” (formula (1)) described above._f Is considered to be “0”, so the equation is the depth D_f It can be replaced by the following equation (5) that does not include the third term proportional to.
[0030]
q = αCN_c+ Βγ₁BNγ (5)
Further, the bearing capacity coefficient N included in the above-described equation (1)_c, Nγ, N_q Is uniquely determined only according to the internal friction angle φ of the ground below the base bottom surface of the measurement point. Therefore, when the internal friction angle φ is assumed, It can be calculated in advance as a value corresponding to the internal friction angle φ.
[0031]
In a predetermined storage area of the main memory of the computer 52, as shown in FIG._c, Nγ, N_q The stored internal friction angle table 52T in which the value of is associated with the internal friction angle φ is arranged.
Furthermore, the computer 52 performs processing based on the following procedure.
・ Diameter B input from the outside and different from the measurement point₁~ B_ThreeThe ultimate bearing capacity q obtained as a result of the dynamic loading test performed individually by applying the loading plate₁~ Q_ThreeAnd these diameters B₁~ B_Three(Fig. 5 (1)).
[0032]
・ These diameters B₁~ B_ThreeAnd ultimate bearing capacity (converted ultimate bearing capacity) q₁~ Q_ThreeThe following simultaneous equations are specified by substituting into the above equation (5) (FIG. 5 (2)). In addition, the unit volume weight γ described above included in such simultaneous equations₁The shape factors α and β are assumed to be given in advance as known values for simplicity.
q₁= ΑCN_c+ Βγ₁B₁Nγ
q₂= ΑCN_c+ Βγ₁B₂Nγ
q_Three= ΑCN_c+ Βγ₁B_ThreeNγ
・ Adhesive force C and bearing force coefficient N as solution of this simultaneous equation_cNγ is obtained (FIG. 5 (3)).
[0033]
Of these values of the internal friction angle φ registered in the internal friction angle table 52T, these bearing force coefficients N_cThen, a value corresponding to the pair of bearing force coefficients with the smallest error with respect to the pair of Nγ values is obtained, and the value is specified as the internal friction angle φ of the ground at the measurement point (FIG. 5 (4)).
That is, based on the diameter and ultimate support force (converted ultimate support force) of a plurality of loading plates that are simply and accurately obtained based on the dynamic load test, the adhesive force C and the internal friction angle at the measurement point φ is calculated.
[0034]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the adhesive force C and the internal friction angle φ at the measurement point can be obtained smoothly and accurately without involving a skilled engineer.
Therefore, the ultimate bearing force q at the measurement point is substituted for the adhesive force C and the internal friction angle φ in the above-described “Terzaghi bearing force formula” (the above formula (5) may be used). Therefore, it is required easily and accurately.
[0035]
In the present embodiment, the simultaneous equations described above are obtained by substituting the following specifications into the above equation (5).
・ Unknown number C, N_c, Three different loading plate diameters B equal to the total number of Nγ “3”₁~ B_Three
・ These diameters B₁~ B_ThreeUltimate bearing capacity (converted ultimate bearing capacity) q individually obtained as a result of the dynamic loading test conducted by applying each loading plate₁ ~ Q_Three
However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the adhesive force C and the supporting force coefficient N are based on the following calculation._c, Nγ may be obtained.
[0036]
・ Unknown number C, N_c, The number of different diameters exceeding the total number “3” of Nγ, and the ultimate bearing capacity (converted ultimate bearing capacity) obtained as a result of the dynamic loading test in which the loading plates having these diameters are individually applied. As a solution of multiple sets of simultaneous equations substituted into equation (5), adhesive force C and bearing force coefficient N_c, Nγ are obtained individually, and the average value of these is determined as adhesive strength C and bearing capacity coefficient N_c, Errors with Nγ are compressed.
[0037]
・ When the measurement point is embedded, the simultaneous equation is obtained by applying the above equation (1) instead of the above equation (5), and the bearing capacity coefficient N obtained as the solution of the simultaneous equation is obtained._c, Nγ, N_q The internal friction angle φ corresponding to_c, Nγ, N_q Is specified based on the correlation with the internal friction angle table 52T related to all of the above.
In the first and first embodiments described above, the above-mentioned “Terzaghi support force equation” (Equation (1)) and empirical equation (3) are applied.
[0038]
However, in the present invention, any expression may be applied instead of these expressions as long as the desired accuracy is ensured and the basis of the arithmetic operation is substantially equivalent to the arithmetic operation described above.
Furthermore, in the first and first embodiments described above, each value obtained by the computer 52 is not output at all.
[0039]
However, these values may be output as a predetermined form via, for example, the display device 53 or a printer (not shown).
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the above-described calculation is performed by the computer 52 that is separate from the dynamic loading test apparatus used for the dynamic loading test.
However, such calculation is performed by, for example, software executed by a processor or a digital signal processor provided in the dynamic loading test apparatus described below, or a dedicated function provided in such a dynamic loading test apparatus. By using the digital arithmetic circuit, the hardware configuration can be simplified, or the surplus processing amount of these processors and digital signal processors can be effectively used.
[0040]
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the computer 52, the display device 53, the keyboard 54, and the mouse 55 are configured as “a general-purpose personal computer or workstation incorporating software for realizing the processing described above”.
However, the computer 52, the display device 53, the keyboard 54, and the mouse 55 are provided with “an interface that is linked to the dynamic loading test device and enables the delivery of information necessary for the linkage and the man-machine interface”. It may be configured as a device such as an adapter.
[0041]
Further, the dynamic loading test apparatus to be applied to each of the above-described embodiments is not limited to the “dynamic loading test apparatus” published in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 10-251367, and will be described later, for example. The dynamic loading test apparatus according to the fifth embodiment or any other dynamic loading test apparatus may be used.
[0042]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, in the center of the top of the loading plate 61, “a load absorbing case 64 having a central sphere 63 which is built in an acceleration sensor 62 and located on a virtual normal passing through the center of the loading plate 61. Is attached. The load absorbing case 64 is a guide in which a laterally preventing member 65 that can be engaged with and detached from the side surface of the load absorbing case 64 and a spring 66 laminated on the preventing member 65 are attached to one end. A rod 67 is mounted vertically. Further, a load sensor 62 a (not shown) is attached to the inner wall of the load absorbing case 64. At one end of the guide rod 67, a weight stop member 68 capable of being brought into contact with the spring 66 is integrated, and a slidable weight 69 is mounted on the side surface of the guide rod 67. A locking member 70 including a handle 70 </ b> A is attached near the other end (top) of the guide rod 67. Outputs of the acceleration sensor 62 and the load sensor 62a are connected to one ends of cables 71 and 71a, respectively, and a transport handle 72 is provided at a plurality of locations at a predetermined distance from the load absorbing case 64 in the top of the loading plate 61. -1 to 72-N are attached.
[0043]
In the following, among the above-described constituent elements, a part composed of a combination of constituent elements other than the control unit 80 is referred to as a “loading mechanism unit” for simplicity and is given a reference numeral “60”.
The control unit 80 includes interface units (IF) 81 and 81a connected to the other ends of the cables 71 and 71a, a processor 83 connected to the internal bus 82 together with the interface units 81 and 81a, an operation display unit 84, and The printer 85 is configured.
[0044]
The operation of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
First, an outline of the basic operation of each unit will be described.
The loading mechanism unit 60 is installed in a state where the loading plate 61 is positioned at a desired measurement point. Further, in the dynamic loading test, the weight 69 is locked to the locking member 70 while being pulled up along the guide rod 67, and the position of the weight 69 is set to a specified height with respect to the measurement point. The
[0045]
Further, when the handle 70A is operated by the operator to release the locking state with the locking member 70, the weight 69 is accelerated by gravity and falls and collides with the spring 66.
The impact force generated at the time of such collision is transmitted from the weight 69 (weight stop member 68) to the acceleration sensor 62 via the spring 66, the central ball 63, and the load absorbing case 64.
[0046]
By the way, the loading mechanism unit 60 and the measurement point where the loading plate 61 is installed are generally regarded as forming two virtual vibration systems arranged in series.
The load sensor 62a measures an impact force exerted by a virtual loading plate (hereinafter referred to as “virtual loading plate”) which is a component of such a vibration system via the central sphere 63, and the cable 71a and the interface. The impact force is notified to the processor 83 via the unit 81a.
[0047]
It should be noted that such a vibration system parameter (the “fall distance” that is the length of the path through which the weight 69 drops away from the locking member 70), the diameter of the loading plate 61, and the gravitational acceleration at the measurement point are displayed on the processor 83. g is included) as a constant.
The processor 83 responds to such parameters, the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 62, and the impact force measured via the load sensor 62a. By performing a predetermined arithmetic operation conforming to the equation of motion, the load intensity P given to the measurement point in the dynamic loading test and the subsidence amount S generated at the measurement point are obtained.
[0048]
Note that the processing that should be performed by the processor 83 in order to obtain the load strength P and the subsidence amount S is not a feature of the present invention, so the description thereof is omitted here.
[0049]
Of the elements of the loading mechanism section 60, elements other than the transport handles 72-1 to 72-N, the loading plate 61, the acceleration sensor 62, the load sensor 62a, and the load absorbing case 64 (hereinafter referred to as mechanisms consisting of these elements). Is referred to as “loading mechanism upper part”) and the measurement point is supported by a support member (not shown), whereby the loading plate 61 (transport handles 72-1 to 72-N, acceleration sensor 62). In the case of being integrated with the load sensor 62a and the load absorbing case 64, all of them are included.) And are kept constant in the process of being attached / detached or replaced.
[0050]
In the process of attaching and detaching or replacing the loading plate 61, a new loading plate shape is formed by appropriately operating the mechanism provided in the above-described support member around the measurement point and below the loading mechanism. Sufficient space is ensured for both size and weight.
When the acceleration sensor 62 and the load sensor 62a are to be replaced with other loading plates together with the loading plate 61, one end of each of the cables 71 and 71a is integrated with the newly mounted loading plate. And a plug (compression terminal) suitable for a receptacle (terminal plate) provided in the load sensor is connected.
[0051]
Further, the “loading mechanism upper part” includes both of the following mechanisms (b) and (c) and any of the following mechanisms (d) and (e) in addition to the following mechanism (a). One of them.
(a) Mechanism capable of changing and fixing the position of the handle 70 </ b> A in a predetermined range in the longitudinal direction of the guide rod 67 and realizing a change in the distance at which the weight 69 falls along the guide rod 67.
(b) A mechanism for accelerating or braking the weight 69 in a state where the locking state between the locking member 70 and the weight 69 is released, and realizing a change in the speed of the weight 69 within a predetermined range.
(c) A mechanism that makes it possible to change the degree to which the weight 69 is braked by the guide rod 67 or the position and length of the section in which the braking is performed along the longitudinal direction of the guide rod 67.
(d) A mechanism that enables attachment / detachment and replacement of the weight 69 (may be integrated with all or part of the spring 66, the sideways prevention member 65, and the weight stopper member 68) at one or both ends of the guide rod 67.
(e) A cylinder-shaped hollow portion that is provided in a weight 69 (may be integrated with all or a part of the spring 66, the sideways prevention member 65, and the weight stopper member 68) and is slidable on the guide rod 67. A mechanism that allows opening and closing or forming and releasing
Therefore, not only the shape, size, and weight of the loading plate 61 but also the weight and / or speed of the weight 69 that gives an impact force to the loading plate 61 are appropriately changed according to the operator's intention.
[0052]
Further, the processor 83 identifies “the setting made for the above-described mechanism” as “information given by the operator via the operation display unit 84”, or “provided in each mechanism and is not illustrated. The parameters indicating the contents of these settings and the load strength (maximum load) obtained as a result of the dynamic loading test performed sequentially under these parameters. P and the subsidence amount (maximum subsidence amount) S are associated and stored in a predetermined storage area of the main memory.
[0053]
Further, the processor 83 receives the parameters, load strength (maximum) thus stored in response to a request given through a man-machine interface performed via the operation display unit 84 or via a communication port (not shown). A combination of a load) P and a settlement amount (maximum settlement amount) S is output as appropriate.
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the dynamic loading test to be performed a plurality of times under different conditions sequentially with respect to a desired measurement point is achieved efficiently and with high accuracy. The result of the test is output as appropriate while being maintained as an operation target of the processing to be performed in the first or second embodiment described above, for example.
[0054]
FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart of the third embodiment of the present invention.
The operation of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the database 51 stores “load strength P” in which a load (hereinafter referred to as “load strength”) P applied to the loading plate in the process of a dynamic loading test described later is stored. It is configured as a set of records including a field and a “settlement amount S” field in which the settlement amount S generated on the loading plate according to the load strength P is to be stored.
[0055]
The feature of this embodiment is the procedure of processing performed by the computer 52 as described later.
In this embodiment, the maximum load strength P (hereinafter referred to as “maximum load P”) obtained as a result of the dynamic loading test repeatedly performed on the measurement points under the following conditions is stored in the database 51. And a row of a plurality of n records consisting of a pair of the maximum sinking amount S (hereinafter referred to as “maximum sinking amount S”) is stored in advance.
[0056]
・ “Load strength P” is kept constant.
The height at which the weight giving this “load strength P” falls (hereinafter referred to as “fall height”) is sequentially changed at every dynamic loading test.
The diameter (width) B of the loading plate is set in advance to such a large value that the above-described yield point cannot be obtained within a range in which this “fall height” can be varied.
[0057]
By the way, the ultimate bearing capacity Pu of the measurement point, the maximum load strength P and the maximum subsidence amount S obtained as a result of the above-described dynamic loading test, and the initial ground reaction force coefficient K of the measurement point.₁In the meantime, as an example, the following empirical formula is established with high accuracy.
S / P = S / Pu + 1 / K₁  ... (3)
The computer 52 uses a pair (P) of the maximum load strength and the maximum subsidence amount individually included in the plurality of n records stored in the database 51.₁, S₁) ~ (P_n, S_n) Is substituted as P term and S term in the above equation (3), for example, (n / 2) sets of simultaneous equations satisfying the following conditions are acquired (FIG. 8 (1)). ).
[0058]
• Configured as two different pairs of expressions.
・ The above-mentioned ultimate bearing force Pu and initial ground reaction force waveform number K₁And as unknown.
Further, the computer 52 performs the following processing.
The solution Pu of the ultimate bearing capacity Pu of the above-mentioned (n / 2) sets of simultaneous equations₁~ Pu_{(n / 2)}Is obtained (FIG. 8 (2)).
[0059]
・ These solutions Pu₁~ Pu_{(n / 2)} Is averaged (smoothed), and the result is taken as the “ultimate supporting force Pu” of the measurement point (FIG. 8 (3)).
Note that the calculation that realizes such averaging (smoothing) is performed based on any algorithm such as, for example, least square method, integration (including weighted integration or simple integration), exponential smoothing method, moving average method, or the like. It may be broken.
[0060]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the “ultimate bearing force Pu” of the measurement point is not only used for the repair work caused by the fact that the measurement point has reached the above-described yield point, but also the uselessness of the quality of the measurement point. It is required with high accuracy without any significant deterioration.
Further, in the present embodiment, the ultimate supporting force Pu is obtained as an average value of the solutions of a number of simultaneous equations equal to half the number n of records stored in the database 51.
[0061]
However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the number of simultaneous equations described above is set to “number E that satisfies the following inequality with respect to the number n of records”. The decrease in the accuracy of the “extreme support force Pu” due to the test error may be further reduced.
(N / 2) <E ≦_nC₂  ···(Four)
Further, after n equations are acquired in FIG. 8 (1), the computer 52 calculates Pu, K from these n equations.₁ May be obtained.
[0062]
Further, such an operation for obtaining the optimum value may be performed based on any algorithm such as least square method, integration (including weighted integration and simple integration), exponential smoothing method, moving average method, and the like. Good.
[0063]
Further, in the present embodiment, as long as the accuracy of the “ultimate support force Pu” is allowed to decrease, the number E of the simultaneous equations described above is set to a small value, or the number E is set to “1”. The processing amount to be provided in the computer 52 may be reduced by omitting averaging (smoothing) of the obtained solutions.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the above-described simultaneous equations are acquired based on the above-described empirical formula (3).
[0064]
However, in the present invention, it is not limited to such empirical formula (3), as long as it is small enough to allow a decrease in the accuracy of the above-described calculation compared to the case where this empirical formula (3) is applied. For example, the following equation may be applied instead of the empirical equation (3).
S / logP = S / logPu + 1 / K₁
In the present embodiment, the “extreme support force Pu” of the measurement point is directly calculated as an average value of the solutions of the simultaneous equations described above.
[0065]
However, for example, even if some technique other than the technique related to the present embodiment (not limited to the technique related to the present invention and may be a technique developed after the application of the present application) is applied, a desired condition ( The above-mentioned “ultimate bearing force” may be included only when the “ultimate bearing force Pu” at the measurement point or the above-mentioned yield point cannot be obtained in the diameter of the loading plate, the falling speed, or any other value. By calculating “Pu” as the average value of the solutions of the same simultaneous system formula, there are accuracy and other constraints to be guaranteed for the estimation of the “ultimate bearing capacity Pu” and the dynamic loading test to be performed repeatedly. It may be greatly relaxed and allow flexible adaptation to the various characteristics of the measurement points.
[0066]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the above-described load strength (maximum load) P and settlement amount (maximum settlement amount) S are both dynamic loading performed by applying a circular loading plate. Is given as a result of the test.
However, the load strength (maximum load) P and the settlement amount (maximum settlement amount) S are small enough to allow the deviation between them, or these deviations can be corrected separately, and as described above. As long as the width B is accurately given as the square root or other value of the area of the loading plate, the loading plate is not circular but has any shape such as a square plate, an ellipse or the like (may be a shape approximated as a polygon). May be given as a result of a dynamic loading test performed by applying.
[0067]
Moreover, in each embodiment mentioned above, the weight of a weight, a shape, a dimension, drop height, etc. are not specifically described among the conditions regarding a dynamic loading test.
However, any matter relating to such weights can be used as long as the pair of the load strength (maximum load) P and the subsidence amount (maximum subsidence amount) S related to the measurement point is efficiently measured with a desired accuracy. It may be.
[0068]
Further, in the process of the dynamic loading test, the weight is not limited to a dynamic loading test apparatus that applies an impact force to the loading plate by dropping according to gravity. For example, the weight speed and acceleration (braking) ) Is actively controlled, the impact force and other various conditions may be set flexibly and efficiently.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, no determination is made as to whether or not the accuracy of each arithmetic operation is sufficient.
[0069]
However, such accuracy is not limited to the weight and drop height, as long as the dynamic loading test is performed sequentially at a desired speed under different conditions such as the diameter of the loading plate, etc. As a result, many load strengths (maximum load) P and subsidence amount (maximum subsidence amount) S are appropriately or randomly applied to the arithmetic operations described above, and the results of these arithmetic operations The smoothing may be enhanced by appropriate measures.
[0070]
Moreover, in each embodiment mentioned above, the property of the ground which is a measurement point is not specifically shown.
However, such properties of the ground correspond to, for example, clay, sandy soil, and the presence or absence of rooting individually, and are included in the above-mentioned “Terzaghi bearing capacity formula” (Formula (1)). Any of the three terms may be used as long as simultaneous equations are obtained and arithmetic operations are performed based only on terms that match the actual measurement points.
[0071]
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the load strength (maximum load) P and the settlement amount (maximum settlement amount) S to be applied to the arithmetic operations described above are obtained as a result of the dynamic loading test.
However, the load strength (maximum load) P and the settlement amount (maximum settlement amount) S may be obtained based on a static loading test as long as they can be reliably obtained with desired efficiency and accuracy.
[0072]
Moreover, in each embodiment mentioned above, only the ground mentioned above becomes a measurement point.
However, such measurement points are not limited to the ground, but are subject to a loading test, and as long as the ultimate bearing capacity and other desired physical quantities are accurately calculated based on the results of the loading test, the building, movement It may be an outer wall or an inner wall of any tangible body.
[0073]
Further, the time required for the dynamic loading test to be repeatedly performed is generally as short as about 2 minutes for each “load strength P”. ”Is variable over 8 steps, all“ load strength P ”and“ sink amount S ”to be stored in the database 51 are about 20 minutes (<2 minutes × 8). can get.
[0074]
That is, the number of measurement points at which the “ultimate support force Pu” is obtained by applying the present invention is “20” per day unless the time required for moving the dynamic loading test apparatus is excessively long (<< 24 hours × 60 minutes / 20 minutes) or more, and both labor saving and cost reduction are greatly achieved as compared with the second conventional example described above.
Therefore, according to each of the above-described embodiments, not only the grounds of “detached houses” and the like that have not been achieved due to cost constraints in the past, but also various grounds created for the purpose of civil engineering and construction work. It is possible to determine the ultimate bearing capacity and to statistically manage the quality including the ultimate bearing capacity.
[0075]
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various embodiments can be made within the scope of the present invention, and any or all of the components may be improved. Good.
Hereinafter, the configurations disclosed as the respective embodiments described above are arranged hierarchically and multifacetedly, and among these configurations, the configurations not described in the claims are listed as supplementary items, and the configurations of these configurations are also described. Describe the action sequentially.
[0076]
FIG. 9 is a principle block diagram of the ultimate support force determination device disclosed as the third embodiment.
(Appendix 1) Established between the load strength applied to a measurement point in the course of a loading test in which a loading plate having a standard width is applied, the amount of settlement caused at the measurement point, and the ultimate bearing capacity of this measurement point The specific measurement in the course of the individual loading tests carried out on a specific measurement point over a number of times greater than the number of these unknowns into known formulas that are unknown along with their ultimate bearing capacity. An equation acquisition means for acquiring simultaneous equations obtained by substituting a pair of different load strengths applied to the load on the point and the amount of settlement generated at the specific measurement point according to these load strengths;
Ultimate support force calculating means for obtaining the ultimate support force of the specific measurement point as a solution of simultaneous equations acquired by the equation acquiring means;
An ultimate support force judging device comprising:
[0077]
(Supplementary Note 2) In the ultimate support force determination device according to Supplementary Note 1,
The equation acquisition means includes
The load strength obtained as a result of the loading test conducted over the number of unknowns for the specific measurement point and used for the load on the specific measurement point, and the load strength In response, a plurality of simultaneous equations obtained by substituting a pair of subsidence amounts generated at this specific measurement point into the known formula are obtained,
The ultimate support force calculating means is:
A plurality of ultimate support forces are obtained as solutions of a plurality of simultaneous equations acquired by the equation acquisition means, and an ultimate support force at the specific measurement point is obtained as an average value of these limit support forces.
An ultimate support force judging device characterized by that.
[0078]
(Supplementary Note 3) Established between the load strength applied to a measurement point in the course of a loading test in which a loading plate having a standard width is applied, the amount of settlement caused at the measurement point, and the ultimate bearing capacity of this measurement point The specific measurement in the course of the individual loading tests carried out on a specific measurement point over a number of times greater than the number of these unknowns into known formulas that are unknown along with their ultimate bearing capacity. Obtain a simultaneous equation in which pairs of different load strengths applied to the load on a point and the amount of settlement generated at that particular measurement point according to these load strengths are substituted,
Obtain the ultimate bearing capacity of the specific measurement point as a solution of the acquired simultaneous equations
A method for determining the ultimate bearing force, characterized by that.
[0079]
(Supplementary Note 4) In the method for determining the ultimate bearing capacity according to Supplementary Note 3,
The load strength obtained as a result of the loading test conducted over the number of unknowns for the specific measurement point and used for the load on the specific measurement point, and the load strength In response, a plurality of simultaneous equations obtained by substituting a pair of subsidence amounts generated at this specific measurement point into the known formula are obtained,
A plurality of ultimate support forces are obtained as a solution of the acquired simultaneous equations, and the ultimate support force of the specific measurement point is obtained as an average value of these ultimate support forces.
A method for determining the ultimate bearing force, characterized by that.
[0080]
(Additional remark 5) The program for functioning a computer as all or a part of the ultimate support force calculation means and equation acquisition means which comprise the ultimate support force determination apparatus of Additional remark 1 or Additional remark 2.
(Supplementary Note 6) A computer readable recording of a program for causing a computer to function as all or part of the ultimate support force calculation means and the equation acquisition means constituting the ultimate support force determination device according to Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2. Storage medium.
[0081]
The actions of the above-mentioned supplementary notes 1 to 6 are as listed below.
In the limit bearing capacity determination device according to attachment 1, the equation acquisition means 21 includes the load strength given to the measurement point in the course of the loading test in which a loading plate having a standard width is applied, and the amount of settlement generated at the measurement point. And the ultimate support force of this measurement point, and the known formula including the unknown unknown together with the ultimate support force, for a specific measurement point over the number of these unknowns In the course of each individual loading test, a pair of different load strengths applied to the load at that particular measurement point and the amount of settlement that occurred at that particular measurement point is assigned according to these load strengths. Get the simultaneous equations. The ultimate support force calculation means 22 obtains the ultimate support force at a specific measurement point as a solution of simultaneous equations acquired by the equation acquisition means 21.
[0082]
That is, the ultimate supporting force at a specific measurement point is determined by the above simultaneous equations without specifying any yield point on the load-settlement curve obtained for the loading plate having the width subjected to the above loading test. It is definitely required as a solution of
Therefore, the ultimate supporting force at a desired measurement point can be easily and accurately obtained without performing any process for avoiding the occurrence of an error or performing compression in the process of specifying the yield point.
[0083]
In the ultimate support force determination device described in appendix 2, in the ultimate support force determination device described in appendix 1, the equation acquisition unit 21 performs the loading performed over the number of unknowns for a specific measurement point. A pair consisting of the load strength obtained as a result of the test and applied to the load at a specific measurement point and the amount of settlement generated at this specific measurement point according to the load strength is substituted into a known equation. A plurality of simultaneous equations are obtained. The ultimate support force calculation means 22 obtains a plurality of limit support forces as a solution of a plurality of simultaneous equations acquired by the equation acquisition means 21, and obtains the limit support force at a specific measurement point as an average value of these limit support forces. .
[0084]
That is, the error associated with the ultimate bearing force is compressed with high accuracy by positively referring to the pair of the load strength and the amount of settlement obtained as a result of the loading test described above.
Therefore, as long as adaptation to the number of loading tests described above is possible, the surplus processing amount can be effectively used, and the accuracy of the ultimate support force can be improved.
[0085]
The ultimate bearing force determination method described in Appendix 3 or 4 has the same technical characteristics and significance as the ultimate bearing force determination device described in Appendix 1 or 2, so that the description is saved here. .
The program described in the supplementary note 5 causes the computer to function as the equation acquiring unit 21 and the limiting support force calculating unit 22 that constitute the ultimate supporting force determining device described in the supplementary note 1 or 2.
[0086]
Therefore, the computer that executes the program according to the present invention is a component of the ultimate support force described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2.
The storage medium described in Supplementary Note 6 is for causing a computer to function as the equation acquisition means 21 and / or the ultimate support force calculation means 22 constituting the ultimate support force determination device described in Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2. The program can be recorded and read by a computer.
[0087]
Such a program is configured as software to be executed by the computer described above or as a microprogram incorporated in the computer, and is distributed by being recorded on a removable recording medium separate from such a computer. Can do.
Therefore, a computer that reads and executes such a program from the recording medium according to the present invention is a constituent element of the ultimate support force determination device described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2.
[0088]
【The invention's effect】
  Claim 1 and claim as described above3In the invention described in (1), the ultimate supporting force at the measurement point is easily obtained with high accuracy.
  Claim 2 and claim4In the invention described in (1), the surplus processing amount can be effectively used, and the accuracy of the ultimate supporting force is increased.
  Furthermore, in the inventions according to claims 5 and 6, the computer that executes the program according to the invention is a constituent element of the supporting force characteristic determination device according to any one of claims 1 and 2. .
[0089]
  The first dynamic loading test deviceThen, the dynamic loading test to be performed a plurality of times at a desired measurement point is performed efficiently and with high accuracy as compared with the case where different dynamic loading test apparatuses are sequentially applied.
  Furthermore, the second dynamic loading test deviceTherefore, the dynamic loading test is performed more flexibly than the case where the setting and updating of the dynamic loading test conditions to be performed multiple times at a desired measurement point are automatically performed. It is possible to flexibly reflect the result of the dynamic loading test and the operator's judgment adapted to the progress.
[0090]
  The third dynamic loading test deviceThen, compared to the case where the width of the loading plate is directly changed without any replacement of the main body of the loading plate, the machine resulting from the incorporation of a mechanism capable of changing such a width into the loading plate. The setting and changing of the width of the loading plate, which is a condition for the dynamic loading test, can be reliably achieved without being restricted by the constraints on the general size, shape, strength and the like.
[0091]
  In addition, the fourthOrSixth dynamic loading test equipmentThen, the result of the treatment applied to the load strength and the subsidence amount obtained by the dynamic loading test indicates that the processing amount required for the treatment and the function for realizing this treatment are included in the dynamic loading test apparatus according to the present invention. Even if not, it can be reliably obtained in cooperation with a separate device.
[0092]
Therefore, in the field of civil engineering and architecture to which these inventions are applied, the ultimate bearing capacity of various measurement points is determined inexpensively and accurately, and the safety of structures and structures including such measurement points Reliability is enhanced regardless of the size and cost of these structures and buildings.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the principle of a supporting force characteristic determining apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the present invention.ApplicableIt is a principle block diagram of a dynamic loading test apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing first and third embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a database.
FIG. 5 is an operation flowchart of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an internal friction angle table.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart of the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a principle block diagram of an ultimate supporting force determination device disclosed as a third embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a system for realizing a loading test.
[Explanation of symbols]
21, 31 Equation acquisition means
22 Ultimate bearing capacity calculation means
32 Measuring point characteristic calculation means
41 Monitoring means
42 Test result acquisition means
43, 43A Test condition change mechanism
44 Man-machine interface means
45, 45A, 45B Test result output means
51 database
52 computer
52T internal friction angle table
53 Display device
54 keyboard
55 mice
60 Loading mechanism
61 Loading plate
62 Acceleration sensor
62a Load sensor
63 Central sphere
64 Load absorption case
65 Overturn prevention member
66 Spring
67 Guide rod
68 Weight stop member
69 weights
70 Locking member
70A handle
71, 71a cable
72 Carrying handle
80 Control unit
81, 81a interface unit (IF)
82 Internal bus
83 processor
84 Operation display
85 printer

Claims (6)

Adhesive force per unit area of the measurement point to be subjected to the load test, a coefficient uniquely determined by the internal friction angle of the measurement point, the width of the load plate subjected to the load test, and the shape of this load plate A plurality of loading plates with different widths are applied within a range where a known formula indicating the ultimate bearing capacity of this measurement point is satisfied under static equilibrium conditions with respect to the coefficient indicating A dynamic loading test apparatus used for a plurality of dynamic loading tests performed in
Equation acquisition means for acquiring simultaneous equations obtained by substituting a pair of the ultimate support force individually determined based on the plurality of dynamic loading tests and the width of the plurality of loading plates;
The adhesive force per unit area of the specific measurement point is determined as a solution of the simultaneous equations acquired by the equation acquisition means, and the internal friction angle of the specific measurement point is determined as a value adapted to the solution of the simultaneous equations. A supporting force characteristic determining device comprising: a measuring point characteristic calculating unit. In the supporting force characteristic determination device according to claim 1,
The equation acquisition means includes
The ultimate supporting force obtained individually based on the dynamic loading test performed on the specific measurement point over the number of unknowns to be obtained as a solution of the simultaneous equations, and these loadings A plurality of simultaneous equations obtained by substituting the width of the loading plate subjected to the test into the known formula are obtained,
The measurement point characteristic calculating means includes
A plurality of cohesive forces and a plurality of internal friction angles are obtained by individually solving a plurality of simultaneous equations acquired by the equation acquisition means, and the specific average value of these adhesive forces and the internal friction angles is determined as the specific value. A bearing strength characteristic determination device characterized by obtaining an adhesive strength and an internal friction angle at a measurement point. A method for determining a supporting force characteristic using the supporting force characteristic determining device according to claim 1,
Adhesive force per unit area of the measurement point to be subjected to the load test, a coefficient uniquely determined by the internal friction angle of the measurement point, the width of the load plate subjected to the load test, and the shape of this load plate By applying a plurality of loading plates with different widths within the range where the known formula indicating the ultimate bearing capacity of this measurement point is established under the static equilibrium condition with respect to the coefficient indicating For multiple dynamic loading tests,
Obtaining simultaneous equations obtained by substituting a pair of the ultimate supporting force obtained individually based on the plurality of dynamic loading tests and the width of the plurality of loading plates,
The adhesive force per unit area of the specific measurement point is obtained as a solution of the simultaneous equations, and the internal friction angle of the specific measurement point is obtained as a value suitable for the solution of the simultaneous equations. Characteristic determination method. In the supporting force characteristic judging method according to claim 3,
The ultimate supporting force obtained individually based on the dynamic loading test performed on the specific measurement point over the number of unknowns to be obtained as a solution of the simultaneous equations, and these loadings A plurality of simultaneous equations obtained by substituting the width of the loading plate subjected to the test into the known formula are obtained,
A plurality of adhesion forces and a plurality of internal friction angles are obtained by individually solving the plurality of simultaneous equations obtained, and the adhesion at the specific measurement point is obtained as an individual average value of these adhesion forces and the internal friction angles. A method for determining bearing force characteristics, characterized by obtaining a force and an internal friction angle.   A program for causing a computer to function as all or part of an equation acquisition means and a measurement point characteristic calculation means constituting a supporting force characteristic determination device corresponding to claim 1 or claim 2.   A computer-readable storage medium storing a program for causing a computer to function as all or part of the equation acquisition means and the measurement point characteristic calculation means constituting the supporting force characteristic determination device according to claim 1 or 2. .

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