JP3700159B2 - Food waste dewatering equipment - Google Patents

Food waste dewatering equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3700159B2
JP3700159B2 JP2002210683A JP2002210683A JP3700159B2 JP 3700159 B2 JP3700159 B2 JP 3700159B2 JP 2002210683 A JP2002210683 A JP 2002210683A JP 2002210683 A JP2002210683 A JP 2002210683A JP 3700159 B2 JP3700159 B2 JP 3700159B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
food waste
dewatering
shaft
crushing
discharge port
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004050036A (en
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鋼平 城戸
孝二郎 城戸
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有限会社城戸工業
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/128Vertical or inclined screw presses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/16Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with two or more screws or worms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、野菜等の食品廃棄物を圧縮して脱水処理する食品廃棄物脱水装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
野菜等を出荷する際は、形を整えるため葉や芯が切り落とされて出荷される。その切り落とされた残滓にも多くの水分が含まれていることから、焼却炉までの運搬時には嵩張り、また、焼却時には温度が上昇せず、一緒に焼却される他の廃棄物が不完全燃焼をおこして有毒ガスを発生させるおそれもある。そのため、廃棄野菜等を予め圧縮して脱水処理する装置として、例えば、食品廃棄物の脱水機(特開2001−38491号)がある。この装置は、大きさの異なる3つのケーシングが連結され、その内部に収容された2本のスクリューシャフトの回動により廃棄物の破砕と運搬を行うようにされている。前記ケーシング間には抵抗板が設けられており、該抵抗板の中央部には小さな開口部が設けられている。この抵抗板に廃棄物を押圧させて破砕と脱水をし、また、その開口部を通過した廃棄物は、抵抗板に取り付けられた回転刃により更に細かく破砕されるように構成されている。
【0003】
【本発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記の装置には、ケーシング間に抵抗板が設けられているため、投入された食品廃棄物が次のケーシングに移動するためには、その中央部に穿孔された僅かな開口部を通過しなくてはならないため、排出処理される量が少なく、効率が悪いという問題がある。
そこで、本発明は、上記の問題に鑑み、抵抗板を設けなくとも食品廃棄物の強力な脱水・圧縮作業を行うことができ、且つ食品廃棄物の十分な破砕が可能で、効率的に減容率を高めることのできる食品廃棄物脱水装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、投入口を有する破砕部と、この破砕部に連接された圧搾部と、圧搾部に連接され、排出口を有する脱水部と、それらの内部に連通して設けられた回動自在なスクリューシャフトとからなる食品廃棄物撒水装置において、前記脱水部の通路断面が排出口側に向かって挟径するテーパ状に形成し、前記脱水部内に配置されたスクリューシャフトのシャフトを、排出口側に向かって拡径するテーパ状に形成するともに、前記圧搾部に、そのシャフト軸方向に若干傾斜した複数の凸条からなる第一圧搾歯と螺旋状の凸条が前記シャフトに巻回した状態で設けられた第二圧搾歯を形成したことを特徴とする。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る実施の形態を図面に示す実施例に基づいて説明する。図1は本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水装置を示す平面断面図、図2は本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水装置を示す側部断面図、図3は本発明に係る駆動部を示す正面図、図4は本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水装置を示す側面図である。
【0006】
【実施例】
図1、図2に示すように、本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水装置は、野菜等の食品廃棄物を投入する投入口12を有する破砕部1と、該破砕部1に連接された圧搾部2と、更に該圧搾部2の先端に連接して設けられ、排出口32を有し、この排出口32側に向かってそれぞれ通路断面が狭径するテーパ状に形成された二股の脱水部3とからなっている。これらの内部には,2本のスクリューシャフト4a、4bが連通して配置されている。前記破砕部1内のスクリューシャフト4a、4bのシャフトには、投入口12側(図面では下方)から、外径が等しく、徐々にピッチが短くなる破砕スクリュー41が設けられている。また、圧搾部2には、シャフトに羽根同士が噛合する圧搾ローラー42が設けられている。次いで、脱水部3のシャフト44は、排出口32側に向かって拡径するテーパ状に形成されている。このシャフト44の周りには、その通路断面のテーパ形状に合わせて、排出口32側に向かって外径が小さくなる脱水スクリュー43が設けられている。
【0007】
図1、図3に示すように、スクリューシャフト4a、4bは破砕部1の投入口12側を貫通して外部に突出しており、その端部には駆動部5が設置されている。この駆動部5に突出されたスクリューシャフト4aには大歯車53aが、また、スクリューシャフト4bには、大歯車53bと小歯車52bが固定されている。図3に示すように、駆動源であるモーター51には小歯車52aが設けられており、まず前記モーター51を回転させると、小歯車52aが回転し、チェーン54を介して小歯車52bも回転するようにされている。すると、同じくスクリューシャフト4bに設けられている大歯車53bも回転するため、噛合っているスクリューシャフト4aの大歯車53aも同時に回転する。こうして、スクリューシャフト4a、4bが回動するようにされている。
【0008】
図1、図2に示すように、本発明に係る圧搾部2内のスクリューシャフト4a、4bのシャフトは、径が拡大されており、その拡大された円柱状のシャフトの周囲には、形状の異なる2種類の圧搾歯が設けられて圧搾ローラー42を形成している。該圧搾ローラー42は、まず、投入口12側に、シャフトの軸線方向に対して若干傾斜した複数の凸条からなる第一圧搾歯42aがシャフトの周囲に配置されており、そして、排出口32側には、螺旋状の凸条がシャフトに巻回した状態で第二圧搾歯42bが設けられている。この圧搾ローラー42は、破砕部1から運搬されてくる廃棄物を第一圧搾歯42aで破砕し、次いで、第二圧搾歯42bで更に細かく破砕して脱水部3へ運搬するようにされている。
【0009】
図1、図2に示すように、本発明に係る脱水部3は、排出口32側が二股に分かれているため、スクリューシャフト4a、4bのそれぞれが排出口32を持つようにされている。そして、前記脱水部3内のスクリューシャフト4a、4bは、そのシャフト44が排出口32側へ向かって拡径するテーパ状に形成され、これに徐々にスクリューの外径が小さくなる脱水スクリュー43が螺旋状に設けられている。脱水部3は、前述の通り、通路断面が幅狭になるテーパ状にされているため、これにより廃棄物を強く圧縮し、更に脱水スクリュー43によって排出口32側へ押圧することができる。そして、この脱水作業は、スクリューシャフト4a、4bが同時に行うことができるようにされている。
【0010】
図2、図4に示すように、本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水装置は、破砕部1と圧搾部2、脱水部3がケーシング7内に収容されている。そして、前記投入口12に連結されている投入ホッパー11は、該ケーシング7を連通して上方に開口しており、同様に、排出口32に連結されている排出ホッパー31は、ケーシング7を連通して下方に開口している。また、破砕部1の投入口12側下部にはパンチング孔62aが、同じく破砕部1の排出口32側下部にはパンチング孔62bが、そして、脱水部3の下部には、パンチング孔62cがそれぞれ設けられており、破砕部1、圧搾部2、脱水部3とケーシング7により形成される下方の隙間にはドレン6が設置され、該ドレン6は投入口12側にケーシング7を連通して設けられた排水口61に連結されている。
【0011】
次に、本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水装置の作動について説明する。まず、破砕部1の上部に設けられた廃棄物投入ホッパー11から廃棄物を投入すると、廃棄物は、回動するスクリューシャフト4a、4bの破砕スクリュー41によって粗目に破砕されて圧搾部2へ運搬される。破砕部1で排出された水分は、破砕部1の下面に設けられたパンチング孔62a、62bからドレン6に排出される。次に、廃棄物は圧搾部2に設けられた圧搾ローラー42の第一圧搾歯42aにより細目に潰され、更に、第二圧搾歯42bによって十分なペースト状態になり、脱水部3へ運搬される。圧搾部2で発生する水分は、傾斜により破砕部1の方へ流れるか、そのまま脱水部3まで廃棄物が包含してゆく。そして、脱水部3で2分割されたペースト状の廃棄物は、運搬方向のそれぞれのテーパ状に形成された通路断面内を、脱水スクリュー43により強力に押圧されて、処理前の約70%の水分を失った状態で排出ホッパー32から排出される。この際、シャフト44が排出口側に向かって拡径するテーパ状に形成されているため、脱水部3通路断面のテーパ形状と相まって、一層強力に脱水と押圧がなされる。ここで排出された水分は、脱水部3の下面に設けられたパンチング孔62cから排出され、パンチング孔62a、62bから排出された水分と共にドレン6を経て、排水口61から装置外部へ排出するようにされている。
【0012】
図4に示すように、本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水装置は、排出ホッパー31側が高く、投入ホッパー11側が低くなるよう架台8に載置されて使用される。この傾斜角度は約30度が好ましい。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、上記のように構成したので、以下のような優れた効果がある。脱水部の通路断面を、排出口側に向かって狭径するテーパ状に設けたので、抵抗板等を設けなくとも食品廃棄物の強力な脱水・圧縮作業が可能である。また、前記脱水部内に配置されたスクリューシャフトのシャフトを、排出口側に向かって拡径するテーパ状に形成したので、通路断面が一層狭窄し、食品廃棄物のより強力な脱水・圧縮作業を行うことができる。更に、圧搾部内に配置された2本のスクリューシャフトに互いに噛合する一対の圧搾歯を設けたため、脱水の前段階において、食品廃棄物の十分な破砕が可能になり、効率的に減容率を高めることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水処理装置を示す平面断面図である。
【図2】本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水処理装置を示す側部断面図である。
【図3】本発明に係る駆動部を示す正面図である。
【図4】本発明に係る食品廃棄物脱水処理装置を示す側面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 破砕部
11 投入ホッパー
12 投入口
2 圧搾部
3 脱水部
31 排出ホッパー
32 排出口
4a スクリューシャフト
4b スクリューシャフト
41 破砕スクリュー
42 圧搾ローラー
42a 第一圧搾歯
42b 第二圧搾歯
43 脱水スクリュー
44 シャフト
5 駆動部
51 モーター
52a 小歯車
52b 小歯車
53a 大歯車
53b 大歯車
54 チェーン
6 ドレン
61 排水口
62a パンチング孔
62b パンチング孔
62c パンチング孔
7 ケーシング
8 架台
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a food waste dewatering apparatus that compresses and dehydrates food waste such as vegetables.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When shipping vegetables or the like, leaves and cores are cut off to make a shape. Since the cut residue contains a lot of moisture, it is bulky when transported to the incinerator, and the temperature does not rise during incineration, and other waste that is incinerated together is incompletely combusted. May generate toxic gas. Therefore, as an apparatus for compressing waste vegetables and the like in advance and performing a dehydration process, there is, for example, a food waste dehydrator (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-38491). In this apparatus, three casings of different sizes are connected, and wastes are crushed and transported by rotation of two screw shafts accommodated therein. A resistance plate is provided between the casings, and a small opening is provided at the center of the resistance plate. The resistor plate is pressed against the waste material for crushing and dewatering, and the waste material passing through the opening is further finely crushed by a rotary blade attached to the resistance plate.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
However, since the resistance plate is provided between the casings in the above-mentioned apparatus, in order for the input food waste to move to the next casing, it passes through a slight opening perforated at the center thereof. Therefore, there is a problem that the amount to be discharged is small and the efficiency is low.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention can perform a powerful dehydration / compression operation of food waste without providing a resistance plate, and can sufficiently crush food waste and efficiently reduce the waste. An object of the present invention is to provide a food waste dewatering apparatus capable of increasing the capacity.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes a crushing portion having an input port, a squeezing portion connected to the crushing portion, a dehydrating portion connected to the squeezing portion and having a discharge port, and a rotatable portion provided in communication therewith. In the food waste water-filling apparatus comprising a screw shaft, the passage section of the dewatering part is formed in a taper shape with a diameter narrowing toward the discharge port side, and the shaft of the screw shaft disposed in the dewatering part is connected to the discharge port. While forming in the taper shape which diameter-expands toward the side, the 1st pressing tooth which consists of several convex ridges slightly inclined in the axial direction of the shaft, and the helical ridge wound around the shaft The second compressed tooth provided in the state is formed .
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments according to the present invention will be described based on examples shown in the drawings. 1 is a plan sectional view showing a food waste dewatering device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a food waste dewatering device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a front view showing a drive unit according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a food waste dewatering apparatus according to the present invention.
[0006]
【Example】
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the food waste dewatering apparatus according to the present invention includes a crushing portion 1 having an inlet 12 for feeding food waste such as vegetables, and a pressing portion connected to the crushing portion 1. 2 and further connected to the tip of the compressed portion 2, and has a discharge port 32, and a bifurcated dewatering portion 3 formed in a tapered shape with a narrow passage section toward the discharge port 32. It is made up of. Inside these, two screw shafts 4a and 4b are arranged in communication. The shafts of the screw shafts 4a and 4b in the crushing section 1 are provided with crushing screws 41 having the same outer diameter and gradually decreasing pitch from the inlet 12 side (downward in the drawing). Moreover, the pressing part 2 is provided with a pressing roller 42 in which blades mesh with each other. Next, the shaft 44 of the dehydrating unit 3 is formed in a tapered shape whose diameter increases toward the discharge port 32 side. Around the shaft 44, a dehydrating screw 43 whose outer diameter decreases toward the discharge port 32 is provided in accordance with the tapered shape of the passage cross section.
[0007]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the screw shafts 4 a and 4 b penetrate the insertion port 12 side of the crushing part 1 and protrude to the outside, and a drive part 5 is installed at the end part. A large gear 53a is fixed to the screw shaft 4a protruding from the drive unit 5, and a large gear 53b and a small gear 52b are fixed to the screw shaft 4b. As shown in FIG. 3, a motor 51 as a driving source is provided with a small gear 52 a. When the motor 51 is first rotated, the small gear 52 a is rotated, and the small gear 52 b is also rotated through the chain 54. Have been to. Then, since the large gear 53b provided on the screw shaft 4b also rotates, the large gear 53a of the meshing screw shaft 4a also rotates at the same time. Thus, the screw shafts 4a and 4b are rotated.
[0008]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shafts of the screw shafts 4 a and 4 b in the squeezed portion 2 according to the present invention have an enlarged diameter, and around the enlarged cylindrical shaft, there is a shape. Two different types of pressing teeth are provided to form the pressing roller 42. In the pressing roller 42, first, first pressing teeth 42 a made up of a plurality of ridges slightly inclined with respect to the axial direction of the shaft are arranged on the input port 12 side, and the discharge port 32. On the side, a second compressed tooth 42b is provided in a state where a spiral ridge is wound around the shaft. The pressing roller 42 is configured to crush the waste conveyed from the crushing unit 1 with the first pressing teeth 42a, and then crush the waste further with the second pressing teeth 42b and transport it to the dehydrating unit 3. .
[0009]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dehydrating unit 3 according to the present invention is divided into two forks on the discharge port 32 side, so that each of the screw shafts 4 a and 4 b has a discharge port 32. The screw shafts 4a and 4b in the dewatering section 3 are formed in a tapered shape in which the shaft 44 has a diameter increasing toward the discharge port 32, and a dewatering screw 43 that gradually decreases the outer diameter of the screw. It is provided in a spiral. As described above, the dewatering unit 3 is tapered so that the cross-section of the passage is narrow, so that the waste can be strongly compressed and further pressed to the discharge port 32 side by the dewatering screw 43. This dehydration operation can be performed simultaneously by the screw shafts 4a and 4b.
[0010]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, in the food waste dewatering device according to the present invention, the crushing portion 1, the pressing portion 2, and the dewatering portion 3 are accommodated in a casing 7. The input hopper 11 connected to the input port 12 communicates with the casing 7 and opens upward. Similarly, the discharge hopper 31 connected to the discharge port 32 communicates with the casing 7. And it opens downward. Further, a punching hole 62a is formed in the lower part on the inlet 12 side of the crushing part 1, a punching hole 62b is similarly formed in the lower part on the discharge port 32 side of the crushing part 1, and a punching hole 62c is formed in the lower part of the dewatering part 3, respectively. A drain 6 is installed in a lower gap formed by the crushing unit 1, the squeezing unit 2, the dehydrating unit 3 and the casing 7, and the drain 6 is provided by communicating the casing 7 on the inlet 12 side. Connected to the drain outlet 61 formed.
[0011]
Next, the operation of the food waste dewatering apparatus according to the present invention will be described. First, when waste is input from a waste input hopper 11 provided in the upper part of the crushing unit 1, the waste is coarsely crushed by the crushing screw 41 of the rotating screw shafts 4a and 4b and conveyed to the pressing unit 2. Is done. The water discharged from the crushing portion 1 is discharged to the drain 6 through punching holes 62 a and 62 b provided on the lower surface of the crushing portion 1. Next, the waste is finely crushed by the first pressing teeth 42 a of the pressing roller 42 provided in the pressing unit 2, and further becomes a paste state by the second pressing teeth 42 b and is transported to the dehydrating unit 3. . The moisture generated in the pressing part 2 flows toward the crushing part 1 due to the inclination, or the waste is included up to the dehydrating part 3 as it is. And the paste-like waste divided | segmented into 2 by the dehydration part 3 is strongly pressed by the dehydration screw 43 in each taper-shaped passage cross section of a conveyance direction, About 70% of before processing It is discharged from the discharge hopper 32 in a state where moisture has been lost. At this time, since the shaft 44 is formed in a tapered shape whose diameter increases toward the discharge port side, coupled with the tapered shape of the cross section of the dewatering portion 3 passage, dehydration and pressing are performed more strongly. The water discharged here is discharged from a punching hole 62c provided on the lower surface of the dewatering unit 3, and is discharged together with the water discharged from the punching holes 62a and 62b through the drain 6 to the outside of the apparatus. Has been.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 4, the food waste dewatering apparatus according to the present invention is used by being placed on the gantry 8 so that the discharge hopper 31 side is high and the input hopper 11 side is low. This inclination angle is preferably about 30 degrees.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following excellent effects. Since the cross section of the passage of the dewatering part is provided in a tapered shape with a narrow diameter toward the discharge port side, powerful dewatering / compression work of food waste can be performed without providing a resistance plate or the like. In addition, since the shaft of the screw shaft arranged in the dewatering part is formed in a taper shape that expands toward the discharge port side, the passage cross section is further narrowed, and more powerful dehydration and compression work of food waste is performed. It can be carried out. In addition, since a pair of compressed teeth that mesh with each other are provided on the two screw shafts arranged in the compressed portion, food waste can be sufficiently crushed before dehydration, and the volume reduction rate can be efficiently reduced. Can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view showing a food waste dewatering apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a food waste dewatering apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a drive unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a food waste dewatering apparatus according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing part 11 Input hopper 12 Input port 2 Squeezing part 3 Dehydrating part 31 Discharge hopper 32 Discharge port 4a Screw shaft 4b Screw shaft 41 Crushing screw 42 Squeezing roller 42a First pressing tooth 42b Second pressing tooth 43 Dehydrating screw 44 Shaft 5 drive Portion 51 Motor 52a Small gear 52b Small gear 53a Large gear 53b Large gear 54 Chain 6 Drain 61 Drain port 62a Punching hole 62b Punching hole 62c Punching hole 7 Casing 8 Mounting base

Claims (1)

投入口を有する破砕部と、該破砕部に連接された圧搾部と、該圧搾部に連接され、排出口を有する脱水部と、それらの内部に連接して設けられた回動自在なスクリューシャフトとからなる食品廃棄物脱水装置において、前記脱水部の通路断面を排出口側に向かって挟径するテーパ状に形成し、前記脱水部内に配置されたスクリューシャフトのシャフトを、排出口側に向かって拡径するテーパ状に形成するとともに、前記圧搾部に、そのシャフト軸方向に若干傾斜した複数の凸条からなる第一圧搾歯と螺旋状の凸条が前記シャフトに巻回した状態で設けられた第二圧搾歯を形成したことを特徴とする食品廃棄物脱水装置。A crushing part having an inlet, a squeezing part connected to the crushing part, a dehydrating part connected to the squeezing part and having a discharge port, and a rotatable screw shaft provided in connection therewith. in food waste dewatering device comprising a and tapered to narrow diameter passage section of the dewatering section toward the outlet side, the shaft of the screw shaft disposed in said dewatering portion, toward the outlet side The first compressed teeth and the spiral ridges comprising a plurality of ridges slightly inclined in the shaft axis direction are wound around the shaft. A food waste dewatering device , wherein the second compressed tooth is formed.
JP2002210683A 2002-07-19 2002-07-19 Food waste dewatering equipment Expired - Lifetime JP3700159B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050099425A (en) * 2004-04-10 2005-10-13 박학구 Garbage disposal for crusher
JP2007532295A (en) * 2004-04-10 2007-11-15 パク,ハッ−クー Garbage Disposer Clutch
JP2011161321A (en) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-25 Heiwa Kogyo Kk Garbage disposal apparatus
KR101352947B1 (en) 2011-07-22 2014-01-22 박정오 a dehydrator for recycled product
KR101387713B1 (en) * 2012-06-21 2014-04-22 공영숙 The compressing treatment appartus of food garbage
KR101346594B1 (en) * 2013-07-19 2014-01-03 (주)오앤케이테크 A screw housing and a food disposer including it

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