JP3688539B2 - Dialysate preparation device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for preparing a dialysate for use in hemodialysis. More particularly, the present invention relates to a dialysate preparation apparatus that can efficiently dissolve and prepare a powdery solid blood dialysate preparation agent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As the number of patients with renal insufficiency increases, the number of patients undergoing hemodialysis is also increasing. Such patients are usually forced to undergo hemodialysis for several hours at a rate of once every few days in a hospital or dialysis center.
[0003]
In hemodialysis, blood and dialysate are circulated through a hollow fiber type semipermeable membrane module using a polymer membrane such as cellulose or polysulfone to remove waste and excess water in the blood. . The dialysate used for such dialysis is commercially available in the form of a concentrated solution or powdered or granular solid, and is used as a dialysate by adjusting the concentration by diluting and dissolving with a certain amount of water at the time of use.
[0004]
Such dialysate includes acetic acid type and bicarbonate type, and the solid preparation is particularly bicarbonate type dialysate, which is employed as a powder (B agent) containing sodium bicarbonate. When adjusting the dialysate from a solid dialysate preparation agent, it is dissolved and mixed in water to make a concentrated solution, and further diluted and mixed to adjust the dialysate concentration. As a device for this purpose, a tank equipped with a stirring blade A device for storing a fixed amount of water therein and stirring and mixing is generally used. Various automatic dialysate dissolution preparation devices have been devised to reduce manual labor and improve hygiene.
[0005]
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-84967 discloses a device for injecting water into a bottle in which a powder is enclosed, causing the entire amount to flow out into the tank, and stirring and mixing in a tank equipped with a stirring blade, and a device for mixing with a circulation pump. Is described. Such a device is a type in which water is poured into a container and the solid preparation is washed into the tank, and it takes time to dissolve in order to dissolve in a limited space in the container, rather it may flow into the tank in an insoluble state. Many. Furthermore, there is a problem that water drops remain in the bottle and it is difficult to dispense the entire amount.
[0006]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-168678 describes a device for holding a quantitative powder container in an inverted state, placing it in a tank by natural fall, and stirring and mixing it. Such an apparatus is to pour all of the powder into the tank and dissolve it in the tank, and is equipped with a stirring blade to promote dissolution, but settles at the bottom of the tank to put the solid preparation into the tank at once. It takes time to dissolve it. Some tanks try to promote dissolution by generating eddy currents in the tank, but there are many problems such as complicated piping systems.
[0007]
In particular, the dialysate must be supplied to the patient in a sterile condition, and it is important that the device has a structure that can be easily cleaned and sterilized. Structures such as agitating blades and complicated piping systems are problematic in terms of hygiene. It can happen.
[0008]
Further, Japanese Patent No. 2753242 discloses an apparatus for taking out a concentrated fluid by flowing water into a cartridge enclosing a solid dialysate preparation agent. For this purpose, it is necessary to manufacture a cartridge having a special structure in which powder is enclosed.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention eliminates the problems of conventional devices, and with a simpler structure, dispenses the entire amount of powdered dialysate preparation agent, shortens the dissolution time, and further cleans and sterilizes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dialysate preparation device that is easy and improved in terms of hygiene.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies on such problems, the present inventor has found that the dialysate can be adjusted efficiently by providing a temporary storage means having a mesh structure.
[0011]
That is, the present invention relates to a container enclosing a powder or granular solid dialysis solution preparation agent, a container holding means for holding the container in an inverted state, an opening means for opening the sealing port of the container, and the solid dialysis solution preparation solvent In a dialysis fluid preparation device comprising a water supply means for dissolving the dialysis fluid and a dialysis fluid tank for storing the dissolved dialysis fluid, the solid dialysis fluid preparation agent has a mesh shape for partitioning between the opening position and the dialysis fluid tank A dialysis fluid preparation device comprising a storage means for temporarily storing by the partitioning means, wherein the solid dialysis fluid preparation agent is dissolved by spraying water from the water supply means to the storage means. To do.
[0012]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the mesh size of the partition means is 20 to 150 μm, and the spray port of the water supply means is provided so as to spray from the oblique upper side to the mesh-like partition means. The present invention provides a dialysate preparation device.
[0013]
The present invention also provides a dialysate preparation apparatus, wherein the opening means is a cylindrical cutter having a tip cut obliquely and has a slit at the top of the tip.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention holds the powdered dialysate preparation agent sealed in a container in an inverted state, and the contents are temporarily stored on the mesh partition means by natural dropping by opening the sealing port with the opening means, The partition means is sprayed with water to dissolve, and the dissolved dialysate flows into the tank through the mesh means and is stored in the tank for preparation.
[0015]
The shape of the mesh-like partition means used in such an apparatus depends on the cylindrical shape including the opening means, but usually a disk-like mesh structure is used. Such means is provided at the lower part of the opening means of the dialysate preparation device and separates the dialysate tank portion.
[0016]
Further, if the mesh size of the partitioning means is too large, the powdered dialysate preparation agent may not be retained and may flow into the tank in the form of crystals or powder, and is preferably 150 μm or less. On the other hand, if it is too small, the permeability of water and the solution may be deteriorated and the dissolution time may be prolonged, and it is preferable to use a mesh size having an opening of 20 μm or more. More preferably, a mesh having an opening of 50 to 100 μm is preferable.
[0017]
Such mesh partition means may be a single layer or a combination of a plurality of layers. In this case, a support layer having a mesh structure wider than the mesh opening can be used.
[0018]
The material of the partition means is not particularly limited, such as a metal mesh, plastic, or resin, but is made of stainless steel, particularly SUS304 or more, more preferably from the viewpoint of safety and mechanical strength as a medical device. A quality of SUS316 or higher is preferred.
[0019]
The water supply device for spraying water onto the mesh partition means has a structure for spraying toward the mesh partition means. It sprays not in the upper direction of the apparatus, that is, toward the container opening, but in the lower direction, the mesh direction on which the contents are placed. By spraying in such a direction, in addition to being able to dissolve efficiently, it is possible to prevent the solution from adhering to a container or the like, and to ensure dissolution. The number of spray ports is not limited, but a plurality of spray ports is preferable from the viewpoint of dissolution efficiency, but even one spray port can be sufficiently dissolved by spraying from this direction.
[0020]
Although the spraying direction depends on the installation position of the spraying port of the water supply device, it is preferable to provide the spraying port on the lower side surface of the unsealing means so that the opened contents do not hit, from which the center of the mesh partition means is located. Spraying from the upper side in the center has good dissolution efficiency.
[0021]
The method of taking out the dialysate preparation agent from the container enclosing it into the mesh container uses natural fall. When water is sprayed into the container and taken out, there is a possibility that the powder forms a bridge in the container and cannot be completely taken out, and there is also a risk that sufficient concentration of trace components cannot be secured because water droplets remain. When natural fall is used, it is necessary to use the shoulder portion of the container having a necessary taper angle, but the rest does not need to have a special shape, and approximately 100% of the powder can be taken out. Moreover, clogging can be prevented without the powder falling on the spraying port.
[0022]
The container opening is film-sealed, and the dialysate preparation solvent can be taken out on the mesh partitioning means by breaking the seal with the opening means. The opening means is not particularly limited, but it is preferably one that opens at the interface with the container, and it is possible to prevent the powder from remaining on the seal portion. The seal part must be opened so that it remains in the container, thus preventing the risk of contamination of the dialysate. Various opening mechanisms are conceivable, but if the opening mechanism is placed inside the dissolution apparatus, it will be difficult to perform sufficient cleaning in the cleaning and sterilization process. For example, a method in which only the opening blade is provided inside the dissolution apparatus and a container in which the dialysate preparation agent is sealed is rotated from the outside and opened is preferably used.
[0023]
Among them, the unsealing device of the present invention is an unsealing device for unsealing a sealing material in a circular bottle filling port with a cylindrical cutter and discharging the inclusions in the bottle. It is preferable to have a slit.
[0024]
The slit portion is provided to prevent the film from being mixed together with the contents by cutting the entire film sheet with a cylindrical cutter, and the seal of the slit portion is not cut off and opened as a result. The seal can remain on the bottle side. The width of the slit part varies depending on the size of the bottle, the type of film used, and the sealing strength. However, if the slit width is too narrow, there is a risk of cutting off due to insufficient strength. There is a risk that it will remain in the department and the entire amount of the contents cannot be paid out. In the opening device of the present invention, the slit width is preferably 4 to 6 mm.
[0025]
Moreover, it is preferable to provide this slit part in the front-end | tip part of the cylindrical cutter cut diagonally. By providing the tip portion, the portion to be left uncut is determined in the first stage of cutting the film sheet, and the influence of sharpness reduction due to the film tension drop that occurs as cutting continues can be minimized.
[0026]
The cutting angle of the cylindrical cutter cut obliquely is not particularly limited, but if it is an acute angle, the moving distance of the bottle or cutter will be longer, and the cylindrical cutter will be cut obliquely from the standpoint of machine durability. The tip end angle is 70 to 85 °, preferably 75 to 80 °.
[0027]
Moreover, it is preferable that the cutting edge shape of the cylindrical cutter used for this invention is the single blade which provided the blade on the outer side of the cylinder. Thereby, the incision surface can be fixed.
[0028]
Using such opening means, after dispensing on the mesh partition means, water is sprayed, and the dissolved dialysate flows out from the mesh portion of the partition means into the tank and is diluted with a fixed amount of water to adjust the concentration. .
[0029]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a dialysate preparation apparatus of the present invention. A dissolving device 4 is provided above the tank 2 to take out the contents from the container 3 enclosing the powdered dialysate preparation agent and dissolve it. The RO water stored in the tank in the dissolution apparatus 4 is supplied to the spray nozzle 8 in the dissolution mechanism 4 using the circulation pump 1, and the dissolved dialysate is collected in the tank 2. Such supply RO water can be provided directly from the RO water supply source by providing another line.
[0030]
FIG. 2 shows a detailed front view of the dissolution apparatus 4 of the dialysate preparation apparatus, and FIG. 3 shows a side view. As a preparation stage, the dialysate adjusting agent bottle 12 is set in an inverted state on the inner cylinder 13. Thereafter, the electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, and the dissolving device 4 and the dialysate tank are communicated.
[0031]
Next, the lowering of the bottle will be described. The ball screw 10 is rotated by the motor 9. The nut 11 is lowered by the rotation of the ball screw. The inner cylinder boulder 15 is fixed to the nut 11 and the inner cylinder 13, and as the nut 11 is lowered, the inner cylinder 13 is lowered together with the bottle. The bottle 12 is broken and opened by the cylindrical cutter 17 by the descending.
[0032]
After opening, the motor 9 rotates in the direction opposite to the lowering and the inner cylinder returns to the position before the lowering. At the same time, the entire amount of the contents of the bottle 12 is dispensed to the dissolution tank 19 that is squeezed by the mesh 20. A dissolution mesh having a mesh size of 70 μm is used. The powder on the dissolving mesh 20 is dissolved by spraying water to the discharged powder by the spray nozzle 18.
[0033]
After the powder is completely dissolved on the mesh, the powder adhering to the cylindrical cutter 17 and the inner wall surface of the dissolving device 4 is washed away by the cleaning spray nozzles 21 and 22. The dissolved dialysate flows from the mesh opening through the valve 6 into the tank, and is diluted and mixed with a certain amount of RO water to prepare a dialysate. Further, in order to uniformly mix the dissolved dialysate and RO water, the solution in the dialysate tank 2 is circulated by the dialysate circulation pump 1.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The dialysate preparation apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus capable of preparing a dialysate having a uniform concentration without simplifying the dissolution mechanism and without providing a structure such as a stirring blade in the tank. In addition, it is a dialysate preparation apparatus that can be easily sterilized by washing by circulating hot water in the apparatus, and is excellent in hygiene.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic follow-up view of a dialysate preparation device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a dialysate dissolving apparatus in the dialysate preparation apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a dialysate dissolving apparatus in the dialysate preparation apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. Circulation pump2. Tank 3. Bottle 4. 4. Melting apparatus Mesh 6. 6. Tank shut-off solenoid valve 7. Solenoid valve for cleaning spray nozzle 8. Solenoid spray nozzle solenoid valve motor
Ten. Ball screw
11． nut
12． Bottle
13. Inner cylinder
14. Outer cylinder
15． Inner tube holder
16． Ball screw unit holder
17． Cylindrical cutter
18． Dissolving spray nozzle
19. Dissolution tank
20． mesh
twenty one. Spray nozzle A for cleaning
twenty two. Spray nozzle B for cleaning

Claims (4)

Container filled with powder or granular solid dialysate preparation agent, container holding means for holding the container in an inverted state, opening means for opening the sealing port of the container, for dissolving the solid dialysate preparation solvent In a dialysate preparation device comprising a water supply means and a dialysate tank for storing dissolved dialysate, the solid dialysate preparation agent is temporarily separated by a mesh-like partition means for partitioning the opening position and the dialysate tank. A storage means for storing, and the water supply means is a spray nozzle provided obliquely above the partitioning means, and the spray port is provided so as to spray from the obliquely upward to the mesh-like partitioning means is, the dialysate preparation device, characterized in that dissolving said solid dialysate preparation dosage by spraying water from the spray nozzle to該貯reservoir means.   The dialysate preparation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the partition means has a mesh size of 20 to 150 µm. 3. The dialysate preparation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opening means is a cylindrical cutter having a tip cut obliquely and has a slit at the top of the tip. The dialysate adjusting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a cleaning spray nozzle for cleaning the opening means.

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