JP3684587B2 - Light-diffusing methacrylic resin plate - Google Patents

Light-diffusing methacrylic resin plate Download PDF

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JP3684587B2
JP3684587B2 JP01263794A JP1263794A JP3684587B2 JP 3684587 B2 JP3684587 B2 JP 3684587B2 JP 01263794 A JP01263794 A JP 01263794A JP 1263794 A JP1263794 A JP 1263794A JP 3684587 B2 JP3684587 B2 JP 3684587B2
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light
light diffusing
methacrylic resin
fine particles
refractive index
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JPH07214684A (en
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智博 前川
秀昭 松浦
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、照明カバー、透過型ディスプレイ用の光拡散板、照明看板等に用いられる入射した光を拡散透過させることを目的とした光拡散性メタクリル系樹脂板に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より照明カバー、透過型ディスプレイ用の光拡散板、照明看板などの部材として、アクリル系樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、ポリカーボネート、塩化ビニル系樹脂のごとく透明性樹脂に有機系や無機系の光拡散剤を混在させたものが用いられている。この有機系光拡散剤としては、架橋構造のアクリル系樹脂やスチレン系樹脂やシロキサン系樹脂等の微粒子、無機系光拡散剤としては硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、二酸化珪素、酸化チタン、フッ化カルシウム等の微粒子がある。
【0003】
しかし、これらの光拡散性樹脂組成物やその板は、光を拡散させることを主眼としていたが、最近では照明カバーや各種ディスプレイ用の光拡散板としては、光を有効に利用することが望まれている。つまり、所定の光を充分に透過させながら拡散させ、しかも光源が透けないことが要望されてきた。
この様な要望に対して、2種以上の光拡散剤を混在させた光拡散性樹脂組成物や板についての提案がある。
【0004】
特開平1-269902号公報には、メチルメタクリレート系重合体100重量部に対して、アルキル基の炭素数1〜4のアルキルメタクリレート10〜75重量%、芳香族ビニル20〜40重量%、アルキル基の炭素数1〜8のアルキルアクリレート5〜50重量%とから成る非架橋性モノマー100重量部と0.5〜5重量部の架橋性モノマーから成る平均粒径20〜80μmの架橋有機ポリマーを1〜10重量部及び、平均粒径2〜8μの球状シリコン樹脂粒子を0.01〜1重量部とを配合して得られる透過型スクリーン用光拡散板が開示されている。
特開平2-194058号公報には、透明合成樹脂中に、平均粒子径1〜6μmのシリコーン樹脂微粒子及び平均粒子径1〜7μmの無機透明物質粉末を分散させた光拡散性合成樹脂が開示されている。特開平5-51480 号公報には、平均粒径が2μm以上20μm以下のものと、1.5μm以下のものとの粒径の異なる2種類以上の光拡散剤がプラスチック基材中に分散してなる高透過高拡散プラスチックが開示されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
特開平1-269902号公報に記載の光拡散板は、平均粒径20〜80μの比較的大きな光拡散剤を使用しているため、光の拡散効率が低く、しかも成形した板表面の平滑性が悪い。特開平2-194058号公報に記載の光拡散性合成樹脂は、炭酸カルシウムや硫酸バリウムのような、メタクリル系基材樹脂に対し比較的屈折率差の大きい光拡散剤を使用しているため、光の透過性及び隠蔽性が充分でない。
特開平5-51480 号公報に記載の高透過高拡散プラスチックは、含有粒子の平均粒子径が1μ前後と光の波長に近くなるため光拡散性が充分でない。
【0006】
そこで本発明は、特定の粒子径及び屈折率を有する2種の光拡散剤を組み合わせて、できるだけ少量の光拡散剤で、光の透過性、拡散性、及び隠蔽性のバランスがとれしかも反射光も適度の拡散性のある光拡散性メタクリル系樹脂板を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、メタクリル系樹脂に、▲1▼平均粒子径1.5〜5μmでかつ、該メタクリル系樹脂との屈折率の差が0.05以上0.08未満の微粒子(A)からなる光拡散剤:▲2▼平均粒子径2〜15μmでかつ、該メタクリル系樹脂との屈折率の差が0.08以上0.11未満の微粒子(B)からなる光拡散剤:▲3▼該メタクリル系樹脂を基準として、微粒子(A)及び微粒子(B)各々の屈折率の差の絶対値の差が0.01〜0.04:▲4▼微粒子(A)/(B)の量比が20/80〜80/20:▲5▼微粒子(A)/(B)の合計量が板面積当たり6g/m2 〜60g/m2 :の条件で2種の光拡散剤を分散している光拡散性メタクリル系樹脂板を提供するものである。
【0008】
本発明に用いるメタクリル系樹脂とは、メタクリル酸メチル単独重合体或いはメタクリル酸メチルを50重量%以上と、他のビニル単量体との共重合体である。該ビニル単量体としては、例えばメタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸シクロヘキシル、メタクリル酸フェニル、メタクリル酸ベンジル、メタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチル等のメタクリル酸エステル類;アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、アクリル酸フェニル、アクリル酸ベンジル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチル、等のアクリル酸エステル類;メタクリル酸、アクリル酸などの不飽和酸類;スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、無水マレイン酸、フェニルマレイミド、シクロヘキシルマレイミド等である。また、この共重合体には、ポリブタジエンまたはブタジエン/アクリル酸ブチル共重合体、ポリアクリル酸ブチル共重合体などのエラストマー成分や無水グルタル酸単位、グルタルイミド単位をさらに含んでいても良い。
【0009】
微粒子(A)の平均粒子径は、1.5〜5μmであり、好ましくは2〜3μmである。1.5μm未満だと粒子径がより光の波長に近接するため、光拡散性、隠蔽性が低下する。5μmを越えると光拡散性が低下する。
該微粒子は、真球状のものが好ましい光拡散効果を呈する。
【0010】
微粒子(A)の基材メタクリル系樹脂との屈折率の差は0.05以上0.08未満である。0.05未満であると光拡散性が低下する。0.08以上であると光透過性が低下する。
【0011】
微粒子(B)の平均粒子径は、2〜15μmであり、好ましくは5〜10μmである。2μm未満だと、光透過性が低下する。15μmを越えると光拡散性が低下するばかりでなく、板表面の平滑性が低くなる。
該微粒子は、真球状のものが好ましい光拡散効果を呈する。
【0012】
微粒子(B)の基材メタクリル系樹脂との屈折率の差は0.08以上0.11未満である。0.08未満であると光拡散性が低下する。0.11以上であると光透過性及び隠蔽性が低下する。
【0013】
これらの2種の光拡散剤が互いに優れた効果を発揮する好ましい条件としては、メタクリル系樹脂を基準として、微粒子(A)及び微粒子(B)各々の屈折率の差の絶対値の差が0.01〜0.04とすることである。0.01未満だと単一の光拡散剤と近似し、透過性、拡散性、及び隠蔽性のバランスが取れず、0.04を越えると、屈折率差の大きい方の光拡散剤の影響が強く出て、やはり光透過性、拡散性、及び隠蔽性のバランスが取れない。
【0014】
微粒子(A)及び微粒子(B)の混合比率は20/80〜80/20で、好ましくは30/70〜70/30である。微粒子(A)の比率が20未満であると、光透過性は低下する。
微粒子(A)の比率が80を越えると、光の透過性は上がるが、拡散性が低減するため、これまた好ましくない。
【0015】
これら2種の光拡散剤を合計でメタクリル系樹脂に板面積当たり6g/m2 〜60g/m2 好ましくは10g/m2 〜40g/m2 分散させる。
6g/m2 以下だと光拡散性が充分でなく、60g/m2 以上だと光透過性が低下する。分散の状況は、樹脂板の厚み方向に上記の濃度であれば全般に分散させても良いし、表層や中央に偏在させても良い。
【0016】
本発明の微粒子(A),(B)は、上記の屈折率を有する物であれば無機系、有機系のいずれでもよい。
具体的には、架橋シロキサン系重合体、架橋スチレン系重合体、架橋アクリル系重合体等の有機系微粒子、二酸化珪素、水酸化アルミニウム、炭酸カルシウム、フッ化カルシウム等の無機系微粒子が該当する。
この中でも、透過光の色目が良くなるという点で、微粒子(A)として架橋シロキサン系重合体、微粒子(B)として架橋スチレン系重合体が好ましい。
【0017】
架橋シロキサン系重合体とは、一般的にシリコーンゴム、シリコーンレジンと呼称されるものであり、常温で固体状のものを指す。
シロキサン系重合体は主にクロロシランの加水分解と縮合によって製造される。例えば、ジメチルジクロロシラン、ジフェニルジクロロシラン、フェニルメチルジクロロシラン、メチルトリクロロシラン、フェニルトリクロロシランに代表されるクロロシラン類を加水分解と縮合することにより、シロキサン系重合体を得ることができる。さらに、これらのシロキサン系重合体を過酸化ベンゾイル、過酸化−2、4−ジクロルベンゾイル、過酸化−p−クロルベンゾイル、過酸化ジキュミル、過酸化ジ−t−ブチル、2、5−ジメチル−2、5−ジ(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサンのごとき過酸化物により架橋させたり、ポリシロキサン化合物の末端にシラノール基を導入し、アルコキシシラン類と縮合架橋させたりすることによって製造することができる。
なかでも、珪素原子1個あたりに有機基が2〜3個結合した架橋シロキサン系重合体が好ましい。
【0018】
架橋シロキサン系重合体粒子を得るには、前記架橋重合体を機械的に微粉砕する方法や、特開昭59-68333号公報、特開昭60-13813号公報等に記載の方法等が利用できる。
又、市販品として東芝シリコーン(株)社製“トスパールシリーズ”、東レ・ダウーニング・シリコーン(株)社製“トレフィルシリーズ”、信越化学工業(株)社製“シリコーンパウダー”がある。
【0019】
架橋シロキサン系重合体粒子の屈折率は、該シロキサン系重合体の構成成分によって変化するが、1.40〜1.47程度である。一般的に該シロキサン系重合体中にフェニル基が多く入る程、また珪素原子に直結した有機基が多くなる程、屈折率が上がる傾向がある。この中から、基材のメタクリル系樹脂の屈折率との差が適切なものを選択すれば良い。
【0020】
架橋スチレン系重合体とは、スチレン系単量体単位を50重量%以上含み、そのほかに、ラジカル重合可能な二重結合を分子内に1個有する単量体を49.9重量%以下、ラジカル重合可能な二重結合を分子内に少なくとも2個有する単量体を0.1〜50重量%の重合体である。
【0021】
スチレン系単量体とは、スチレン及びその誘導体である。スチレン誘導体としては、クロロスチレン、ブロムスチレンのようなハロゲン化スチレン、ビニルトルエン、α−メチルスチレンのようなアルキル置換スチレンが挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、上記スチレン系単量体は二種類以上併用しても良い。
【0022】
ラジカル重合可能な二重結合を分子内に1個有する単量体とは、前記のスチレン系単量体と共重合するものであれば特に制限はないが、例えば、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキル(メタ)アクリレート類;アクリロニトリルなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも特にメチルメタアクリレートのごときアルキルメタアクリレート類が好ましい。なお、上記単量体も二種類以上併用しても良い。
【0023】
ラジカル重合可能な二重結合を分子内に少なくとも2個有する単量体とは、例えば、1、4−ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレートのようなアルキルジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート類;エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレートのようなアルキレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート類;ジビニルベンゼン、ジアリルフタレートのような芳香族多官能化合物;トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレートのような多価アルコールの(メタ)アクリレート類が挙げられる。これらの単量体も二種類以上併用しても良い。
【0024】
これらの構成成分を公知の懸濁重合法、ミクロ懸濁重合法、乳化重合法、分散重合法等の方法により重合し、必要により分級して所望の粒径の粒子を得ることができる。
【0025】
架橋スチレン系重合体の屈折率は、該スチレン系重合体の構成成分によって変化するが、1.53〜1.61程度である。一般的に、フェニル基を有する単量体が多い程、またハロゲン化された単量体が多く含まれる程、屈折率が高くなる。この中から、基材のメタクリル系樹脂の屈折率との差が適切なものを選択すれば良い。
【0026】
本発明の光拡散性メタクリル系樹脂板とは、いわゆるフィルム、シート、板と称されるものである。その厚みは特に制限はしないが、概ね10μm〜10mm程度である。
また、積層したものでもよい。 つまり、積層したものが、板の面積当たり所定の光拡散剤の濃度となるものでもよい。
勿論所定の光拡散剤の濃度の板に透明な樹脂板を積層してもよい。
【0027】
該メタクリル系樹脂と、該光拡散剤とから本発明の光拡散性メタクリル系樹脂板とするには、ヘンシェルミキサー、タンブラー等で機械的に両者を混合し、一軸、二軸の押出機等で溶融混練した後、Tダイ、ロールユニットを介して板状にするいわゆる押出成形がある。
また両者を機械的に混合し、一軸、二軸の押出機等で溶融混練した後、ペレット化し、射出成形やプレス成形により板状とする周知の方法がある。
また、該光拡散剤を、該メタクリル酸メチル重合体を構成する単量体及び、その部分重合体を含むシロップに混ぜて、キャスト重合、連続キャスト重合させて板状とする方法がある。
【0028】
また、本発明の光拡散性メタクリル系樹脂板に、艶消し剤、染料、顔料、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、補強剤、充填剤、離型剤、難燃剤等周知の添加剤を加えてもよい。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明の光拡散性メタクリル系樹脂板は、従来の光拡散板と比べ光拡散剤の使用量が少なくても、充分な光拡散性と光透過性を有し、しかも隠蔽性にも優れている。
又自然光が当たった場合も、内部から適度に拡散された反射光を生じる。
該樹脂成形体は、光拡散性、光透過性、隠蔽性が要求される照明カバー、透過型ディスプレイの光拡散板、照明看板等に好適に利用できる。しかも光源が点灯している時のみならず消灯時にも存在感を持たせることができる。
【0030】
【実施例】
以下実施例によって本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例によって何等制限されるものではない。なお、評価方法は以下の通りである。
・全光線透過率(Tt )及び全光線反射率(Rt )及びヘイズ;ASTM D1003-61 に準拠して、ポイック積分球式ヘイズメーター(日本精密光学製SEP-HS-30D)により測定した。
・隠蔽性及び光拡散性;垂直入射光による透過角0度の透過光強度(I0 )、垂直入射光による透過角5度の透過光強度(I5 )、垂直入射光による透過角70度の透過光強度(I70)を(株)村上色彩技術研究所製、自動変角光度計GP−1Rを用いて測定し、I5 /I0 を隠蔽性とし、I70を広角側拡散性とした。
・平均粒子径;光回折散乱粒径測定機(マルバーン社製、マスターサイザー)で測定し、D50の値を平均粒子径とした。
・目視判定;成形体を目視した際、表面状態が平滑なものを○、平滑でないものを×とした。
【0031】
実施例1〜5、比較例1,2
メタクリル樹脂ビーズ(スミペックス−EXA、住友化学工業(株)製、屈折率1.49)と、光拡散剤として球状架橋シロキサン系重合体粒子(トレフィルDY33-719、東レダウコーニングシリコーン(株)製、平均粒子径2μm、屈折率1.42)と、球状架橋スチレン系重合体粒子(ファインパール、住友化学工業(株)製、平均粒子径6μm、屈折率1.59)を表1に示す量とをヘンシェルミキサーで混合した後、押出機で(一軸、スクリュー径40mm、田辺プラスチック(株)製)で樹脂温度265℃で溶融混練した後、Tダイ、ポリシングロール3本を介し、2mm厚、巾22cmのシートを得た。得られたシートの評価結果を表2に示す。
【0032】
実施例6,7
メタクリル樹脂ビーズと、光拡散剤として球状架橋シロキサン系重合体粒子(トスパール130、東芝シリコーン(株)製、平均粒子径3μm、屈折率1.43)と、球状架橋スチレン系重合体粒子(スチレン/メタクリル酸メチル/エチレングリコールジメタクリレート共重合体;組成重量比90/9/1、平均粒子径10μm、屈折率1.58)を表1に示す量とをヘンシェルミキサーで混合した後、実施例1と同じ押出機で樹脂温度265℃で溶融混練した後、Tダイ、ポリシングロール3本を介し、0.1mm厚、巾13cmのフィルムを得た。次にメタクリル樹脂ビーズを、実施例1と同じ押出機とポリシングロール3本ユニットを用いて厚さ1.9mmのシートを成形し、その際、第2と第3ロールの間隙に、先に作成したフィルムを挟み込み積層し、厚み方向に濃度分布をつけた2mm厚のシートを得た。得られたシートの評価結果を表2に示す。
【0033】
比較例3
光拡散剤の球状架橋シロキサン系重合体粒子(トスパール105、東芝シリコーン(株)製、平均粒子径0.5μm、屈折率1.43)を変更した以外は実施例1と同様に行った。得られたシートの評価結果を表2に示す。
【0034】
比較例4
光拡散剤の球状架橋スチレン系重合体粒子(スチレン/ジビニルベンゼン共重合体;組成重量比96/4、平均粒子径30μm、屈折率1.59)を変更した以外は実施例1と同様に行った。得られたシートの評価結果を表2に示す。
【0035】
比較例5
光拡散剤の球状架橋スチレン系重合体粒子を硫酸バリウム(平均粒子径10μm、屈折率1.64)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に行った。得られたシートの評価結果を表2に示す。
【0036】
実施例8
光拡散剤としてスチレン(54)/メタクリル酸メチル(45)/エチレングリコール(1)の共重合体粒子(平均粒子径5μm、屈折率1.56)と実施例1で用いたのと同じ球状架橋スチレン系重合体粒子(ファインパール、平均粒子径6μm、屈折率1.59)を表1に示す量とを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。 得られたシートの評価結果を表2に示す。
【0037】
実施例9
光拡散剤として屈折率の異なる2種の球状架橋シロキサン系重合体粒子(トスパール120, 東芝シリコーン(株)製、平均粒子径2μm、屈折率1.43)、と(KMP590, 信越シリコーン(株)製、平均粒子径2μm、屈折率1.41)を表1に示す量とを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。 得られたシートの評価結果を表2に示す。
【0038】
実施例10
光拡散剤として実施例8で用いたのと同じ共重合体粒子(平均粒子径5μm、屈折率1.56)と、球状架橋シロキサン系重合体粒子(KMP590, 信越シリコーン(株)製、平均粒子径2μm、屈折率1.41)を表1に示す量とを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に行った。 得られたシートの評価結果を表2に示す。
【0039】
【表1】

Figure 0003684587
【0040】
【表2】
Figure 0003684587
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a light diffusing methacrylic resin plate for diffusing and transmitting incident light used for a lighting cover, a light diffusing plate for a transmissive display, a lighting signboard, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as materials for lighting covers, light diffusers for transmissive displays, lighting signs, etc., organic and inorganic light diffusing agents have been added to transparent resins such as acrylic resins, styrene resins, polycarbonates, and vinyl chloride resins. A mixture of these is used. As this organic light diffusing agent, fine particles such as cross-linked acrylic resin, styrene resin and siloxane resin, and as inorganic light diffusing agent, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, There are fine particles such as calcium fluoride.
[0003]
However, these light diffusing resin compositions and their plates have been mainly aimed at diffusing light. Recently, however, it is hoped that light is effectively used as a light diffusing plate for lighting covers and various displays. It is rare. That is, it has been demanded that predetermined light is diffused while being sufficiently transmitted and the light source cannot be transmitted.
In response to such a demand, there is a proposal for a light diffusing resin composition or a plate in which two or more kinds of light diffusing agents are mixed.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-269902 discloses that 10 to 75% by weight of alkyl methacrylate having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of alkyl group, 20 to 40% by weight of aromatic vinyl, and alkyl group with respect to 100 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate polymer. A cross-linked organic polymer having an average particle size of 20 to 80 μm comprising 100 parts by weight of a non-crosslinkable monomer consisting of 5 to 50% by weight of an alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a cross-linkable monomer. A light diffusing plate for a transmissive screen obtained by blending 10 to 10 parts by weight and 0.01 to 1 part by weight of spherical silicon resin particles having an average particle diameter of 2 to 8 μm is disclosed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-194058 discloses a light diffusing synthetic resin in which a silicone resin fine particle having an average particle diameter of 1 to 6 μm and an inorganic transparent substance powder having an average particle diameter of 1 to 7 μm are dispersed in a transparent synthetic resin. ing. In JP-A-5-51480, two or more kinds of light diffusing agents having an average particle size of 2 μm or more and 20 μm or less and 1.5 μm or less are dispersed in a plastic substrate. A high transmission high diffusion plastic is disclosed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The light diffusing plate described in JP-A-1-269902 uses a relatively large light diffusing agent having an average particle size of 20 to 80 μm, so that the light diffusing efficiency is low and the smoothness of the molded plate surface is also provided. Is bad. Since the light diffusing synthetic resin described in JP-A-2-94058 uses a light diffusing agent having a relatively large refractive index difference with respect to a methacrylic base resin, such as calcium carbonate and barium sulfate, Light transmission and concealment are not sufficient.
The high transmission and high diffusion plastic described in JP-A-5-51480 has insufficient light diffusivity because the average particle diameter of the contained particles is about 1 μm, which is close to the wavelength of light.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention combines two light diffusing agents having specific particle diameters and refractive indexes, and balances light transmittance, diffusibility, and concealability with as little light diffusing agent as possible. The present invention also provides a light diffusing methacrylic resin plate having moderate diffusibility.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a methacrylic resin comprising (1) fine particles (A) having an average particle diameter of 1.5 to 5 μm and a refractive index difference of 0.05 or more and less than 0.08. Diffusing agent: (2) Light diffusing agent comprising fine particles (B) having an average particle diameter of 2 to 15 μm and a difference in refractive index from the methacrylic resin of 0.08 or more and less than 0.11: (3) The methacrylic The difference in absolute value of the difference in refractive index between the fine particles (A) and the fine particles (B) is 0.01 to 0.04: (4) The quantitative ratio of the fine particles (A) / (B) 20 / 80~80 / 20: ▲ 5 ▼ total amount of fine particles (a) / (B) is a plate area per 6g / m 2 ~60g / m 2 : are dispersed two light diffusing agents with conditions A light diffusing methacrylic resin plate is provided.
[0008]
The methacrylic resin used in the present invention is a methyl methacrylate homopolymer or a copolymer of 50% by weight or more of methyl methacrylate and another vinyl monomer. Examples of the vinyl monomer include ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid esters such as 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; acrylic acid Acrylic esters such as methyl, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, etc .; non-methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, etc. Saturated acids: styrene, α-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, phenylmaleimide, cyclohexylmaleimide and the like. The copolymer may further contain an elastomer component such as polybutadiene, butadiene / butyl acrylate copolymer, polybutyl acrylate copolymer, glutaric anhydride unit, or glutarimide unit.
[0009]
The average particle diameter of the fine particles (A) is 1.5 to 5 μm, preferably 2 to 3 μm. If it is less than 1.5 μm, the particle diameter is closer to the wavelength of light, so that the light diffusibility and the concealability are lowered. When it exceeds 5 μm, the light diffusibility is lowered.
The fine particles are preferably spherical and exhibit a light diffusion effect.
[0010]
The difference in refractive index between the fine particles (A) and the base methacrylic resin is 0.05 or more and less than 0.08. If it is less than 0.05, the light diffusibility decreases. If it is 0.08 or more, the light transmittance is lowered.
[0011]
The average particle diameter of the fine particles (B) is 2 to 15 μm, preferably 5 to 10 μm. If it is less than 2 μm, the light transmittance is lowered. When it exceeds 15 μm, not only the light diffusibility is lowered but also the smoothness of the plate surface is lowered.
The fine particles are preferably spherical and exhibit a light diffusion effect.
[0012]
The difference in refractive index between the fine particles (B) and the base methacrylic resin is 0.08 or more and less than 0.11. If it is less than 0.08, the light diffusibility is lowered. When it is 0.11 or more, the light transmission property and the concealing property are lowered.
[0013]
As a preferable condition for these two kinds of light diffusing agents to exert excellent effects on each other, the difference in absolute value of the difference in refractive index between the fine particles (A) and the fine particles (B) is 0 based on the methacrylic resin. .01 to 0.04. If it is less than 0.01, it approximates to a single light diffusing agent, and the balance of transparency, diffusibility, and concealment cannot be achieved, and if it exceeds 0.04, the effect of the light diffusing agent with the larger refractive index difference Is strong, and the balance of light transmittance, diffusibility, and concealment is not achieved.
[0014]
The mixing ratio of the fine particles (A) and the fine particles (B) is 20/80 to 80/20, preferably 30/70 to 70/30. When the ratio of the fine particles (A) is less than 20, the light transmittance is lowered.
If the ratio of the fine particles (A) exceeds 80, the light transmittance is increased, but the diffusibility is reduced, which is not preferable.
[0015]
These two are leaf area per 6g / m 2 ~60g / m 2 and preferably in the methacrylic resin light diffusing agent in a total 10g / m 2 ~40g / m 2 and dispersed.
If it is 6 g / m 2 or less, the light diffusibility is not sufficient, and if it is 60 g / m 2 or more, the light transmittance is lowered. The dispersion state may be dispersed throughout the resin plate in the thickness direction, or may be unevenly distributed in the surface layer or the center.
[0016]
The fine particles (A) and (B) of the present invention may be either inorganic or organic as long as they have the above refractive index.
Specifically, organic fine particles such as a crosslinked siloxane polymer, a crosslinked styrene polymer, and a crosslinked acrylic polymer, and inorganic fine particles such as silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and calcium fluoride are applicable.
Among these, a crosslinked siloxane-based polymer is preferable as the fine particles (A) and a crosslinked styrene-based polymer is preferable as the fine particles (B) from the viewpoint that the color of transmitted light is improved.
[0017]
The crosslinked siloxane-based polymer is generally called a silicone rubber or a silicone resin, and indicates a solid at room temperature.
Siloxane polymers are mainly produced by hydrolysis and condensation of chlorosilanes. For example, a siloxane polymer can be obtained by condensing chlorosilanes represented by dimethyldichlorosilane, diphenyldichlorosilane, phenylmethyldichlorosilane, methyltrichlorosilane, and phenyltrichlorosilane with hydrolysis. Further, these siloxane polymers are converted to benzoyl peroxide, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, p-chlorobenzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl- It can be produced by crosslinking with a peroxide such as 2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, or by introducing a silanol group at the end of a polysiloxane compound and condensation-crosslinking with alkoxysilanes. it can.
Of these, a crosslinked siloxane-based polymer in which 2 to 3 organic groups are bonded per silicon atom is preferable.
[0018]
In order to obtain the crosslinked siloxane-based polymer particles, a method of mechanically pulverizing the crosslinked polymer, a method described in JP-A-59-68333, JP-A-60-13813, or the like is used. it can.
Commercially available products include “Tospearl Series” manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd., “Trefill Series” manufactured by Toray Douning Silicone Co., Ltd., and “Silicone Powder” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
[0019]
The refractive index of the crosslinked siloxane-based polymer particles varies depending on the constituent components of the siloxane-based polymer, but is about 1.40 to 1.47. Generally, the more the phenyl groups are contained in the siloxane-based polymer and the more the organic groups directly bonded to the silicon atoms are, the higher the refractive index tends to increase. From these, a material having an appropriate difference from the refractive index of the methacrylic resin as the substrate may be selected.
[0020]
The cross-linked styrenic polymer includes 50% by weight or more of a styrene monomer unit, and in addition, 49.9% by weight or less of a monomer having one double bond capable of radical polymerization in the molecule. A polymer having 0.1 to 50% by weight of a monomer having at least two polymerizable double bonds in the molecule.
[0021]
Styrene monomers are styrene and its derivatives. Examples of the styrene derivative include, but are not limited to, halogenated styrene such as chlorostyrene and bromostyrene, alkyl-substituted styrene such as vinyltoluene, and α-methylstyrene. Two or more kinds of the styrene monomers may be used in combination.
[0022]
The monomer having one double bond capable of radical polymerization in the molecule is not particularly limited as long as it is copolymerizable with the above-mentioned styrenic monomer. For example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl Examples include alkyl (meth) acrylates such as (meth) acrylate and propyl (meth) acrylate; acrylonitrile and the like. Of these, alkyl methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate are particularly preferred. Two or more of the above monomers may be used in combination.
[0023]
Monomers having at least two radically polymerizable double bonds in the molecule include alkyl diol di (such as 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate and neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate). Meth) acrylates; alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetrapropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate Di (meth) acrylates; aromatic polyfunctional compounds such as divinylbenzene and diallyl phthalate; polyvalent compounds such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate and pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate (Meth) acrylates of alcohols are exemplified. Two or more of these monomers may be used in combination.
[0024]
These components can be polymerized by a known suspension polymerization method, micro suspension polymerization method, emulsion polymerization method, dispersion polymerization method or the like, and classified as necessary to obtain particles having a desired particle size.
[0025]
The refractive index of the crosslinked styrene polymer varies depending on the constituent components of the styrene polymer, but is about 1.53 to 1.61. Generally, the more monomers having a phenyl group and the more halogenated monomers are contained, the higher the refractive index. From these, a material having an appropriate difference from the refractive index of the methacrylic resin as the substrate may be selected.
[0026]
The light diffusing methacrylic resin plate of the present invention is a so-called film, sheet, or plate. The thickness is not particularly limited, but is about 10 μm to 10 mm.
Moreover, what was laminated | stacked may be used. That is, what was laminated | stacked may become a density | concentration of the predetermined light-diffusion agent per area of a board.
Of course, a transparent resin plate may be laminated on a plate having a predetermined light diffusing agent concentration.
[0027]
To make the light diffusible methacrylic resin plate of the present invention from the methacrylic resin and the light diffusing agent, they are mechanically mixed with a Henschel mixer, a tumbler, etc. After melt-kneading, there is so-called extrusion molding in which a plate is formed through a T die and a roll unit.
Further, there is a known method in which both are mechanically mixed, melted and kneaded by a single-screw or twin-screw extruder or the like, then pelletized and formed into a plate shape by injection molding or press molding.
Further, there is a method in which the light diffusing agent is mixed with a monomer constituting the methyl methacrylate polymer and syrup containing the partial polymer, and cast polymerization and continuous cast polymerization are performed to form a plate shape.
[0028]
In addition, matte agents, dyes, pigments, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, antioxidants, reinforcing agents, fillers, mold release agents, flame retardants, and other well-known additions to the light-diffusing methacrylic resin plate of the present invention An agent may be added.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
The light diffusing methacrylic resin plate of the present invention has sufficient light diffusibility and light transmittance even with a small amount of light diffusing agent used compared to conventional light diffusing plates, and also has excellent concealment properties. Yes.
In addition, when natural light hits, reflected light is diffused appropriately from the inside.
The resin molded body can be suitably used for lighting covers, light diffusing plates for transmissive displays, lighting signs, and the like that require light diffusibility, light transmission, and concealment. Moreover, presence can be given not only when the light source is turned on but also when the light source is turned off.
[0030]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The evaluation method is as follows.
-Total light transmittance (T t ), total light reflectance (R t ) and haze; measured with a Poick integrating sphere haze meter (SEP-HS-30D manufactured by Nippon Seimitsu Optics) in accordance with ASTM D1003-61 .
Concealment and light diffusibility: transmitted light intensity (I 0 ) at a transmission angle of 0 ° by normal incident light, transmitted light intensity (I 5 ) at a transmission angle of 5 ° by normal incident light, and transmission angle at 70 ° by normal incident light The transmitted light intensity (I 70 ) was measured using an automatic variable angle photometer GP-1R manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd., and I 5 / I 0 was concealed and I 70 was wide-angle diffusivity. It was.
Average particle size, light diffraction scattering particle diameter measuring instrument (manufactured by Malvern Instruments Ltd., Mastersizer) was measured with and an average particle size values of D 50.
-Visual determination: When the molded body was visually observed, a smooth surface was evaluated as ○, and a non-smooth one as ×.
[0031]
Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Examples 1 and 2
Methacrylic resin beads (Sumipex-EXA, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., refractive index 1.49) and spherical cross-linked siloxane polymer particles (Trefyl DY33-719, manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd.) as light diffusing agents, average particles 2 μm in diameter and a refractive index of 1.42) and spherical cross-linked styrene polymer particles (Fine Pearl, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., average particle diameter of 6 μm, refractive index of 1.59) were mixed with an amount shown in Table 1 using a Henschel mixer. Then, after melt-kneading with an extruder (uniaxial, screw diameter: 40 mm, manufactured by Tanabe Plastics Co., Ltd.) at a resin temperature of 265 ° C., a sheet having a thickness of 2 mm and a width of 22 cm was obtained via a T die and three polishing rolls. . Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained sheet.
[0032]
Examples 6 and 7
Methacrylic resin beads, spherical cross-linked siloxane polymer particles (Tospearl 130, manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd., average particle size 3 μm, refractive index 1.43) and spherical cross-linked styrene polymer particles (styrene / methacrylic acid) Methyl / ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer; composition weight ratio 90/9/1, average particle size 10 μm, refractive index 1.58) were mixed with the amounts shown in Table 1 using a Henschel mixer, and then the same extruder as in Example 1 After melt-kneading at a resin temperature of 265 ° C., a film having a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 13 cm was obtained through a T die and three polishing rolls. Next, the methacrylic resin beads were formed into a sheet having a thickness of 1.9 mm using the same extruder and three polishing roll units as in Example 1, and at that time, created in the gap between the second and third rolls first. The film was sandwiched and laminated to obtain a 2 mm thick sheet having a concentration distribution in the thickness direction. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained sheet.
[0033]
Comparative Example 3
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the light-diffusing agent spherical cross-linked siloxane polymer particles (Tospearl 105, manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd., average particle size 0.5 μm, refractive index 1.43) were changed. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained sheet.
[0034]
Comparative Example 4
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the spherical cross-linked styrene polymer particles (styrene / divinylbenzene copolymer; composition weight ratio 96/4, average particle diameter 30 μm, refractive index 1.59) of the light diffusing agent were changed. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained sheet.
[0035]
Comparative Example 5
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted, except that the spherical cross-linked styrene polymer particles of the light diffusing agent were changed to barium sulfate (average particle diameter 10 μm, refractive index 1.64). Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained sheet.
[0036]
Example 8
Copolymer particles of styrene (54) / methyl methacrylate (45) / ethylene glycol (1) (average particle size 5 μm, refractive index 1.56) as the light diffusing agent and the same spherical cross-linked styrene system used in Example 1 The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that polymer particles (fine pearl, average particle diameter 6 μm, refractive index 1.59) were used in the amounts shown in Table 1. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained sheet.
[0037]
Example 9
Two types of spherical cross-linked siloxane polymer particles having different refractive indices as light diffusing agents (Tospearl 120, manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd., average particle diameter 2 μm, refractive index 1.43), and (KMP590, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd.) The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the amount shown in Table 1 was used with an average particle diameter of 2 μm and a refractive index of 1.41). Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained sheet.
[0038]
Example 10
The same copolymer particles (average particle size 5 μm, refractive index 1.56) used in Example 8 as light diffusing agents and spherical crosslinked siloxane-based polymer particles (KMP590, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., average particle size 2 μm) , Refractive index 1.41) was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amounts shown in Table 1 were used. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained sheet.
[0039]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003684587
[0040]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003684587

Claims (1)

メタクリル系樹脂に、下記の条件で2種の光拡散剤を分散している光拡散性メタクリル系樹脂板。
▲1▼平均粒子径1.5〜5μmでかつ、該メタクリル系樹脂との屈折率の差が0.05以上0.08未満の微粒子(A)からなる光拡散剤:
▲2▼平均粒子径2〜15μmでかつ、該メタクリル系樹脂との屈折率の差が0.08以上0.11未満の微粒子(B)からなる光拡散剤:
▲3▼該メタクリル系樹脂を基準として、微粒子(A)及び微粒子(B)各々の屈折率の差の絶対値の差が0.01〜0.04:
▲4▼微粒子(A)/(B)の量比が20/80〜80/20:
▲5▼微粒子(A)/(B)の合計量が板面積当たり6g/m2 〜60g/m2
A light diffusing methacrylic resin plate in which two kinds of light diffusing agents are dispersed in a methacrylic resin under the following conditions.
(1) A light diffusing agent comprising fine particles (A) having an average particle diameter of 1.5 to 5 μm and a refractive index difference of 0.05 to less than 0.08 from the methacrylic resin:
(2) Light diffusing agent comprising fine particles (B) having an average particle diameter of 2 to 15 μm and a difference in refractive index from the methacrylic resin of 0.08 or more and less than 0.11:
(3) Based on the methacrylic resin, the difference in absolute value between the refractive indexes of the fine particles (A) and the fine particles (B) is 0.01 to 0.04:
(4) Amount ratio of fine particles (A) / (B) is 20/80 to 80/20:
▲ 5 ▼ particles (A) / (B) of the total amount leaf area per 6g / m 2 ~60g / m 2 :
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