JP3677624B2 - Working machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a self-propelled working machine equipped with a working unit such as a pruning unit for pruning leaves of various grown crops.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional working machine, for example, a plowing machine 1 disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2813249 is exemplified. As shown in FIG. 6, the leaf cutter 1 is provided with a support rod 3 that is movable up and down at a substantially central portion of the machine frame 1a between the left and right wheels 2A and 2B. A leaf blade 5 driven by an electric motor 4 as a unit is attached. The leaf cutter 1 is placed on rails R laid on the left and right sides of the basket. Then, the leaf cutting work is performed by the operator pushing the leaf cutter 1 forward.
.
In order to reduce the burden on the operator when moving the leaf cutter forward, it is often configured to drive the wheels 2A and 2B by transmitting power. As this power, power for driving the leaf blade 5 is often used.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the electric motor 4 that drives the leaf blade 5 is attached to the machine frame 1a via a support rod 3 that can move up and down, in order to transmit the power to the wheels 2A and 2B, It is necessary to employ a power transmission element that can adjust the transmission distance according to vertical movement (for example, a drive shaft whose shaft length is configured to be extendable). For this reason, there exists a problem that component cost increases.
[0005]
Further, since the motor 4 and the leaf blade 5 cannot be supported with sufficient rigidity by the support rod 3 provided at the substantially central portion of the machine frame 1a, it is necessary to provide support means in addition to the support rod 3. In addition, this support means needs to be configured to move or expand and contract in accordance with the linear sliding movement of the support rod 3 up and down. The configuration such as the support rod 3 and the support means needs to use high-precision parts, and needs to be attached with high precision, resulting in an increase in parts cost and assembly cost.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled working machine having a simple structure capable of solving the above-described problems, enabling a work unit to move up and down, and transmitting power for driving the work unit to wheels. There is.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a work machine according to the present invention includes a frame frame connecting left and right wheels, a work unit attached to the frame frame through a parallel link so as to be movable up and down, and power of the work unit. A power transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the power source to the wheels, the power transmission mechanism transmitting power of the work unit to the frame frame side between fulcrums parallel to the parallel link and having the same length. Contains elements.
[0008]
With this configuration, the power transmission element can transmit power by connecting the frame frame that relatively moves up and down and the work unit at regular intervals regardless of their relative positions. Therefore, the structure can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, since the structure is simple, it is lightweight and easy to handle.
[0009]
The power transmission element is not particularly limited, but includes a mode using a chain and a sprocket, a mode using a belt and a pulley, a mode using a rope and a rope wheel, a mode using two or more gears, a mode using two or more friction wheels, and both ends. A mode with a drive shaft provided with an oblique shaft joint can be exemplified.
[0010]
Specifically, the chain and the sprocket include a pair of sprockets respectively provided on the work unit side and the frame frame side, and a chain wound around the both sprockets. A mode in which the distance between the cores is parallel to the distance between the fulcrums of the parallel links and has the same length can be exemplified.
[0011]
Although it does not specifically limit as said work unit, The following aspect can be illustrated.
(1) A mode that is a pruning unit for pruning leaves of various grown crops.
(2) The aspect which is a chemical | medical solution spraying unit which sprays a chemical | medical solution.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIGS. 1-5 has shown the leaf cutter 10 as a self-propelled working machine of one Embodiment which actualized this invention. The leaf cutter 10 includes a pair of wheels 11a and 11b that are spaced apart on the left and right sides, and direction-changeable support wheels 12a and 12b that are respectively disposed behind the wheels 11a and 11b. A frame frame 13 connecting the wheels 11a and 11b and the support wheels 12a and 12b, a leaf cutting unit 15 as a work unit attached to the frame frame 13 via a parallel link 14 so as to be movable up and down, and the leaf cutting unit And a power transmission mechanism 16 that transmits the power of 15 power sources to the wheels 11a and 11b. In addition, in this document, when it is referred to as left or right, it refers to a state in which the leaf cutter 10 faces in the traveling direction.
[0013]
The frame frame 13 includes a pair of left and right lower vertical frames 20 that rotatably support the wheels 11a and 11b, and a pair of left and right upper vertical frames that extend upward from the upper inner surface of the lower vertical frames 20, respectively. 21, a horizontal frame 22 that connects the upper ends of the upper vertical frames 21, and front and rear frames 23 a, 23 b, 23 c (rearly extending from the upper vertical frame 21 on the right side) The front and rear frames 23a and 23b are provided on the frame 21, and the front and rear frames 23a are provided on the left upper vertical frame 21, respectively, and the support wheels 12a and 12b are extended obliquely rearward from the upper vertical frame 21. And an auxiliary frame 24. Link support members 25 extending vertically are attached to the front end portions of the left and right front and rear frames 23b, 23c extending from the inner surface of the upper vertical frame 21, respectively. An operation handle 26 formed in a substantially U shape is attached to the front ends of the two front and rear frames 23a and 23b extending from the upper vertical frame 21 on the right side. A grip portion 30 and a clutch lever 31 for operating power transmission to the wheels 11a and 11b are provided at both ends of the operation handle 26 extended toward the rear side. Furthermore, an accelerator lever 32 for operating the rotational speed of the engine 37 of the leaf cutting unit 15 is provided in front of the right grip portion 30. The lower vertical frame 20, the upper vertical frame 21, and the horizontal frame 22 incorporate a power transmission element of the power transmission mechanism 16 described later. Further, a clutch 33 for turning on and off the transmission of power to the wheels 11a and 11b according to the operation of the clutch lever 31 is provided on the outer surface of the upper end portion of each lower vertical frame.
[0014]
The defoliation unit 15 includes a defoliation frame 36. The defoliation frame 36 includes an engine 37 as a prime mover, a defoliation blade 38 driven by the engine 37 via a defoliation power transmission mechanism 65, and a blower. 39, a harvesting shelf 41 for placing a net 40 for harvesting the leaf part of the cropped crop, and a divider 42 for guiding the crop to be cropped to the leaf blade 38 are supported.
[0015]
The leaf blade 38 is attached over almost the entire width of the leaf frame 36. The leaf blade 38 is composed of a receiving blade and a cutting blade, and the cutting blade is driven by a crank mechanism (not shown) driven by the engine 37.
[0016]
The blower 39 includes a straight tubular blower pipe 39 a extending over almost the entire width of the pruning frame 36. The blower tube 39a is disposed in front of and above the leaf blade 38. A large number of air outlets 39b are arranged in the air duct 39a over almost the entire width of the pruning frame 36. Each air outlet 39b discharges air toward the upper side of the leaf blade 38.
[0017]
The harvesting shelf 41 is formed in a flat plate shape, and is supported on the rear side of the leaf blade 38 so as to be tiltable up and down. During the leaf cutting operation, the harvest shelf 41 is horizontally placed by a fastener 44 that extends from a connection frame 43 described later. The posture is maintained. The harvesting shelf 41 has a plurality of poles 49 arranged at predetermined intervals on the lower surface side so that the protruding length to the rear can be adjusted, so that the harvesting shelf 41 can correspond to the nets 40 of various sizes. It has become.
[0018]
The divider 42 is attached so as to protrude forward from both sides of the front end portion of the leaf cutting unit 15.
[0019]
The parallel links 14 are respectively connected between the link support member 25 of the frame frame 13 and the leaf frame 36 on both sides of the leaf cutter 10, so that the leaf unit 15 is connected to the frame frame 13. It is designed to move up and down. The rear ends of the upper links 14 a in the parallel links 14 are connected to each other by a connecting frame 43. The upper end side of the above-described fastener 44 of the harvesting shelf 41 is attached to the connection frame 43.
[0020]
The position of the parallel link 14 relative to the frame frame 13 can be adjusted by a position adjusting unit 45. The position adjusting portion 45 is screwed into the nut portion 46 rotatably attached to the longitudinal center of the front and rear frame 23b of the frame frame 13 and the lower end portion of the parallel link 14. The ball screw 47 is connected to the approximate center of the lower link 14 b in the length direction, and the rotary handle 48 is provided at the upper end of the ball screw 47. When the rotary handle 48 is rotated, the position of the parallel link 14 with respect to the frame frame 13 can be adjusted according to the direction of rotation, so that the vertical position of the pruning unit 15 with respect to the frame frame 13 can be adjusted. ing. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show a state in which the height of the leaf cutting unit 15 is adjusted to the lowest, and FIG. 3 shows a state in which the height of the leaf cutting unit 15 is adjusted to the highest.
[0021]
In this example, the pruning unit 15 is disposed on the front side of the frame frame 13, and the parallel link 14 is disposed on the rear side of the frame frame 13. For this reason, the weight balance in the front-rear direction is good and the stability is good. Further, by providing the parallel link 14 on the rear side of the frame 13, the position adjusting unit 45 can be disposed near the operation handle 26. For this reason, an operator having the operation handle 26 can operate the position adjusting unit 45 simply by extending one hand forward, and the vertical position of the leaf cutting unit 15 can be easily adjusted as appropriate.
[0022]
The power transmission mechanism 16 includes first to sixth power transmission mechanisms 51 to 56 that transmit the power of the engine 37 extracted from the output shaft 57a of the transmission 57 to the wheels 11a and 11b via the belt transmission mechanism 50 and the transmission 57. It has. First, the first power transmission element is built in the case 58 and transmits the power of the output shaft 57a of the mission 57 to the input shaft 60 on the frame frame 13 side. In the present example, the first power transmission element 51 transmits the power of the leaf cutting unit 15 to the frame frame 13 between fulcrums parallel to the parallel link 14 and having the same length. Specifically, the first power transmission element 51 includes a pair of sprockets 51a and 51b provided on the pruning unit 15 side and the frame frame 13 side, respectively, and a chain 51c wound around the sprockets 51a and 51b. The center of the sprockets 51a and 51b is configured to be parallel to the fulcrum of the parallel link 14 and have the same length (L).
[0023]
The power transmitted to the input shaft 60 on the frame frame 13 side is transmitted to the right clutch shaft 61 by the second power transmission element 52 built in the right upper vertical frame 21. The power transmitted to the right clutch shaft 61 is transmitted to the right wheel 11a by the third power transmission element 53 incorporated in the right lower vertical frame 20. The right clutch shaft 61 can turn on / off power transmission to the third power transmission element 53 when the right clutch 33 is operated.
[0024]
The power transmitted to the right clutch shaft 61 is transmitted to the horizontal shaft 62 built in the horizontal frame 22 by the fourth power transmission element 54 built in the upper vertical frame 21 on the right side. Next, the power transmitted to the horizontal shaft 62 is transmitted to the left clutch shaft 63 by the fifth power transmission element 55 built in the left upper vertical frame 21. Next, the power transmitted to the left clutch shaft 63 is transmitted to the left wheel 11 b by the sixth power transmission element 56 built in the left lower vertical frame 20. The left clutch shaft 63 can turn on / off the transmission of power to the sixth power transmission element 56 when the left clutch 33 is operated.
[0025]
In this example, the second to sixth power transmission elements 52 to 56 are also configured to transmit power by chain transmission in the same manner as the first power transmission element 51. In this example, the case 58 is openable and closable, and the first power transmission element 51 is configured to be replaceable with another gear ratio. Although it does not specifically limit, For example, the other power transmission elements 52-56 can also be comprised so that replacement | exchange is possible similarly to this.
[0026]
Next, the leaf cutting work by the leaf cutter 10 will be described. First, the standard of the defoliation size of the crop for defoliating the height of the defoliation blade 38 at the front end of the defoliation frame 36 in a state where the left and right wheels 11a, 11b of the defoliator 10 are disposed in the left and right intercostal spaces P of the ridge U. Adjust according to. For example, if the crop to be pruned is perilla S, a leaf portion of about 5 cm to 6 cm is trimmed from the height of the tip of perilla grown to 35 cm to 40 cm. The rotary handle 48 is adjusted by rotating the rotary handle 48 so that the height of the pruning blade 38 becomes the height of cutting from the topsoil H of the field. In this state, the engine 37 is started, the leaf blade 38 and the blower 39 are driven, and the wheels 11a and 11b on both sides are driven to advance the leaf cutter 10.
[0027]
As the leaf cutter 10 advances, the leaves of the perilla S are continuously cut by the leaf blade 38. The pruned leaf portions are sequentially sent into the net 40 mounted on the harvesting shelf 41 by the air discharged from the air outlet 39b. The leaves cut in this way are surely harvested by blowing air, and there is almost no loss in the field. When the harvested leaves are removed and the harvesting shelf 41 is tilted downward, all the leaves will fall into the net 40 and the harvested leaves can be easily harvested. Can be done.
[0028]
During the advancement of the leaf cutter 10, the rotational speed of the engine 37 is adjusted by operating the accelerator lever 32, thereby adjusting the rotational speed of the wheels 11 a and 11 b, that is, the traveling speed of the leaf cutter 10. At this time, since the power is transmitted to the wheels 11a and 11b, the operator hardly needs to push the leaf cutter 10. When the traveling direction deviates due to the topsoil condition of the furrow P, the direction is corrected by operating the right or left clutch lever 31. For example, when turning to the left side, if the clutch lever 31 is operated so as to disengage the right clutch 33, power is transmitted only to the left wheel 11b, and the direction is corrected. Also at this time, the operator hardly needs to push the leaf cutter 10. Further, when turning around the headlands at both ends of the heel U, it can be performed by operating the clutch lever 31 in the same manner.
[0029]
According to the leaf cutter 10 as the working machine of the present invention configured as described above, the leaf cutter unit 15 is movable up and down via the parallel link 14 to the frame frame 13 connecting the pair of left and right wheels 11a and 11b. And is transmitted to the wheels 11a and 11b via a first power transmission element 51 that transmits the power of the leaf cutting unit 15 to the frame frame 13 side between fulcrums parallel to the parallel link 14 and the same length (L). It is configured to do. For this reason, the first power transmission element 51 can transmit power by connecting the frame frame 13 and the pruning unit 15 that move relatively up and down at regular intervals (L) regardless of the relative positions of both. it can. Therefore, the structure can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, since the structure is simple, it is lightweight and easy to handle.
[0030]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, For example, it can also be suitably changed and embodied as follows, for example in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention.
(1) Change the pruning unit 15 to a work unit for other work as appropriate.
(2) Change each power transmission element to a different structure as appropriate.
(3) The power of the power source of the leaf cutting unit 15 is configured to be transmitted only to one of the wheel 11a or the wheel 11b.
(4) The first power transmission element 51 is configured integrally with any of the links constituting the parallel link 14.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the working machine of the present invention, the work unit can be moved up and down with a simple structure, and the power for driving the work unit can be transmitted to the wheels.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a leaf cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing another state of the leaf cutter.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the leaf cutter.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a conventional leaf cutter.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Leaf cutter 13 Frame frame 14 Parallel link 15 Leaf cutting unit 16 Power transmission mechanism 51 1st power transmission element 51a Sprocket 51b Sprocket 51c Chain

Claims (3)

A frame that connects the left and right wheels;
A work unit attached to the frame frame through a parallel link so as to be movable up and down;
A power transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the power source of the work unit to the wheels,
The power transmission mechanism includes a power transmission element that transmits power of the work unit to the frame frame side between fulcrums parallel to the parallel link and having the same length.   The power transmission element includes a pair of sprockets provided on the work unit side and the frame frame side, respectively, and a chain wound around the sprockets, and the center of the sprockets is a fulcrum of the parallel link. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the work machine is configured to be parallel to the same length.   The working machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the working unit is a pruning unit for pruning leaves of various grown crops.

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