JP3672418B2 - Breathable film production apparatus and breathable film production method using the same - Google Patents

Breathable film production apparatus and breathable film production method using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3672418B2
JP3672418B2 JP20588497A JP20588497A JP3672418B2 JP 3672418 B2 JP3672418 B2 JP 3672418B2 JP 20588497 A JP20588497 A JP 20588497A JP 20588497 A JP20588497 A JP 20588497A JP 3672418 B2 JP3672418 B2 JP 3672418B2
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Prior art keywords
film
breathable film
die
screw extruder
inorganic filler
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JPH1148308A (en
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滋 矢野
富美雄 押野
利幸 石井
梶原  孝之
克己 仙波
勉 伊関
敏行 榎本
太郎 市川
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Mitsui Chemicals Inc
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Mitsui Chemicals Inc
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/53Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
    • B29C48/37Gear pumps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/39Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages a first extruder feeding the melt into an intermediate location of a second extruder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、少ない製造工程で通気性フィルムを製造できる装置及びこれを用いた通気性フィルムの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリオレフィン樹脂及び無機充填剤を材料とし、これを一軸又は二軸方向に延伸しフィルムにすると、フィルム内に表裏に連通したボイドが発生し、通気性に優れたフィルム(以下、通気性フィルムという。)となる。
このような通気性フィルムは、衛生材料、医療用材料、建築用材料、電池セパレーターを始めとして、幅広く利用されている。
而して、各材料を押出機に直接投入し、延伸機により延伸して通気性フィルムを製造しようとすると、押出量が安定せず、そのため、延伸後に厚みムラができ易くなる上、無機充填剤が凝集してフィルム上に多くのブツが発生するという問題があった。
【0003】
このため、通気性フィルムは、一般的に、各材料を混練能力が優れた二軸押出機や各種ミキサーで溶融混練してコンパウンドペレットにし、そのコンパウンドペレットを押出機に投入し、これを再び溶融混練して押し出し、Tダイ法やインフレ法でフィルムを作り、これを一軸方向又は二軸方向に延伸するという工程で製造されている。
しかしながら、上記の一般的な通気性フィルムの製造方法は、コンパウンドペレットを製造する工程、及びコンパウンドペレットからフィルムを製造する工程の二段階の工程から成るため、手間と費用が多くかかるという問題があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記の問題を解決するためになされたものであり、その目的とするところは、単一の工程で、優れた特性の通気性フィルムを製造できるようにすることにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的は、
メータリングゾーンの長さがスクリュー径の少なくとも8倍である単軸押出機の、供給側開口部に連続混練機を接続し、吐出側開口部に順次Tダイ、延伸機を接続し、連続混練機に材料として少なくともポリオレフィン系樹脂25ないし60重量%及び無機充填剤75ないし40重量%を投入し、これを単軸押出機及びTダイを経由して延伸機に送り、フィルムに加工することによって達成される。尚、単軸押出機とTダイの間にメータリングポンプを設けても良い。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面により本発明の詳細を説明する。
図1は本発明に係る通気性フィルムの製造装置の構成を示す説明図、図2は図1に示した単軸押出機のスクリューの側面図である。
図中、1は連続混練機、2は単軸押出機、3はメータリングポンプ、4はTダイ、5は延伸機である。
連続混練機1は、水平方向に延びたチャンババレル内を通る互いに平行で非噛合であって、異方向に回転制御可能な図示しない二本のロータを有する公知の2軸型連続混練機であり、各ロータは、原材料の供給側にフィードスクリュー部を有し、吐出側に混練翼部を有する。
【0007】
この連続混練機1においては、材料は、チャンババレル内をフィードスクリュー部によって吐出側に送られ、溶融されながら混練翼部で剪断、押し戻し、分散作用によって充分に混練され、吐出側に送られる。
この連続混練機1は、吐出側開口部に図示しないオリフィスゲートを有し、混練された材料の混練品質は、このオリフィスゲートの開度を調節することにより調整される。
単軸押出機2は、連続混練機1の吐出側開口部に接続されるものであり、連続混練機1で溶融混練された材料に圧力をかけて押し出すものである。
この単軸押出機2は、その供給側開口部に連続混練機1が吐出した材料を周期的に単軸押出機2内に押し込むプッシャーを有し、また、材料中の揮発成分を吸引するためのベントを有する。
【0008】
この単軸押出機2のスクリュー20のメータリングゾーン20aは、図2に示したように、その長さがスクリュー径の8倍以上である。
その長さがスクリュー径の8倍未満であると、吐出量が不安定になると共に、ベントから樹脂が溢れでるベントアップ現象が起こり易くなる。
Tダイ4はフィルムの押出加工で一般的に使用されるものであり、単軸押出機2の吐出側開口部に、吐出量を安定させるためのメータリングポンプ3を介して接続される。
延伸機5は、Tダイによって製膜されたフィルムをロール法、テンター法等により一軸又は二軸延伸する公知のものである。
なお、単軸押出機2のメータリングゾーン20aが長く、吐出量が安定しているので、メータリングポンプ3は省略してもよい。
【0009】
連続混練機1には、少なくともポリオレフィン系樹脂及び無機充填剤が、所定の割合で投入されるが、以下、投入される材料について説明する。
ポリオレフィン系樹脂は、エチレン、プレピレン、ブテン等のモノオレフィン重合体及び共重合体を主成分とするものであり、例えば、高密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、線状低密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブテン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体及びこれらの混合物が挙げられるが、特に線状低密度ポリエチレンが望ましい。
【0010】
無機充填剤としては、例えば、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、硫酸カルシウム、炭酸バリウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化マグネシウム、酸化チタン、シリカ、タルク等が挙げられるが、特に炭酸カルシウム及び硫酸バリウムが好ましい。
この無機充填剤の平均粒径は、20μm以下のものが好ましく、更に好ましくは10μm以下であり、0.5ないし5μmのものが最も好ましい。
また、無機充填剤には、樹脂中における分散性を向上させるために表面処理を施しておくことが好ましい。
この表面処理剤は、無機充填剤の表面を被覆することにより、その表面を疎水化できるものが好ましく、例えば、ステアリン酸、ラウリン酸等の高級脂肪酸又はそれらの金属塩等が挙げられる。
【0011】
ポリオレフィン系樹脂と、無機充填剤の組成比は、無機充填剤が40重量部未満になると、ポリオレフィン系樹脂と無機充填剤との界面が剥離してできる隣接したボイド同士が連通しなくなって、通気性がなくなり、反対に、75重量部を超えると、フィルムの延伸が困難になるため、ポリオレフィン系樹脂が25ないし60重量部、好ましくは30ないし50重量部、無機充填剤が75ないし40重量部、好ましくは70ないし50重量部である。
また、本発明に係る通気性フィルムの製造装置によって製造されるフィルムは、基本的にはポリオレフィン系樹脂及び無機充填剤から成るものであるが、無機フィラー用の分散剤をポリオレフィン系樹脂及び無機充填剤の合計100重量部に対して、0.1ないし10重量部、好ましくは1ないし5重量部添加することができる。
【0012】
この分散剤としては、炭素数9ないし40の飽和又は不飽和脂肪酸エステル、炭素数2ないし30の飽和又は不飽和脂肪酸を用いたトリグリセライド、1価高級アルコール又はその誘導体、高級脂肪酸アミド、高級アミン、飽和又は不飽和の2価以上アルコールから誘導されるアルコールの単独重合体、共重合体、エーテル化合物、アミン化合物、アミド化合物、エステル化合物から選ばれるアルコール誘導体等の液体又はワックス状の成分が挙げられ、これらを単独で使用しても、複数種類を併用してもよい。
また、分散剤の他にも、樹脂組成物に用いられている添加物を配合してもよい。
このような添加物としては、例えば、酸化防止剤、熱安定剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、中和剤、滑剤、防曇剤、アンチブロッキング剤、帯電防止剤、スリップ剤、着色剤等が挙げられる。
【0013】
上記の通気性フィルムの製造装置を用いて通気性フィルムをするときは、まず、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、無機充填剤、必要に応じ、分散剤、添加剤等から成る材料を図示しないヘンシェルミキサー、スーパーミキサー、タンブラー型ミキサー等に投入して混合し、原料フィーダー用いてこの混合された材料を連続混練機1に投入し、溶融混練し、混練された材料をポリオレフィン系樹脂の融点以上、好ましくは+20℃以上、分解温度未満に保ちながら押し出し、Tダイによって製膜する。
次に、延伸機で、Tダイによって製膜されたフィルムを室温ないしポリオレフィン系樹脂の軟化点(JIS K−6760に規定される方法により測定された値)の環境下で一段又は多段階に渡って延伸する。
【0014】
このとき、ポリオレフィン樹脂と無機充填剤との界面が剥離し、フィルムの通気性が確保される。
延伸倍率は、延伸時のフィルムの破れ、得られるフィルムの通気性、フィルムのソフト感等に影響するので、高すぎても低すぎても好ましくなく、本発明における延伸倍率は1.2ないし5倍、好ましくは1.5ないし3倍である。
二軸延伸する場合は、最初に機械方向、又はそれと直角をなす方向に一軸延伸し、次いで、その方向と直角をなす方向に2軸目の延伸を行う方法と、機械方向及びそれと直角なす方向に同時に二軸延伸する方法があり、どちらの方法でも構わない。
【0015】
また、延伸した後、必要に応じて得られた開孔の形態を安定させるために熱固定処理を行ってもよい。
この熱固定処理方法としては、例えば樹脂の軟化点以上、融点未満の温度において、0.1ないし100秒間熱処理する方法が挙げられる。
このようにして得られるフィルムの厚さには特に制限はないが、通常の厚みは10ないし100μm程度である。
この厚さが10μm未満ではフィルムが破れ易くなり、反対に100μmを超えるとフィルムが硬くなって布様のソフト感、良好な風合いを有する通気性フィルムになり難いので好ましくない。
【0016】
この通気性フィルムの物性は、無機充填剤の充填割合、種類、粒径、ポリオレフィン系樹脂の配合割合、延伸条件(延伸方向、延伸倍率、延伸温度)によって自由に変えることができるが、フィルムの厚みが10ないし100μmであるときは、JIS−Z0208(40℃、90%、CaCl2 法の条件)に規定される方法で測定された透湿度が1000ないし20000g/m2 ・24hrとなる。
【0017】
このような特性を有する通気性フィルムは、適度の通気性、透湿性並びに風合い、及び、優れた機械的特性を有する。
そのため、例えば、使い捨て紙オムツ、体液吸収用パット、ベッドシーツ等の衛生材料、手術衣、温湿布用基材等の医療用材料、ジャンパー、雨着等の衣料用材料、壁紙、屋根防水剤等の建築用材料、乾燥剤、防湿剤、脱酸素剤、使い捨てカイロ、鮮度保持包装、食品包装等の包装材、電池用セパレーター等の資材として極めて好適に使用できる。
【0018】
【実施例】
以下、本発明についてさらに具体的に説明するため、実施例を示す。
なお、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
また、実施例に示したメルトインデックス(以下、MIという。)、透湿度などの物性は下記の方法により測定した値である。
(1)MI(g/10分)
ASTM D−1238−57T(E)に規定される方法により、温度190℃、荷重2160gの条件で測定する。
【0019】
(2)フィルムの厚みの均一性
得られた通気性フィルムから試料〔機械方向(以下、縦方向という。):100cm、縦方向と直角方向(以下、横方向という。):5cm〕をそれぞれ3枚ずつ採取し、縦方向に1cm間隔で合計300か所の測定点について、厚み測定機(PEACOCK社製、UPRIGHT DIAL GUAGE NO.25)を用いて厚みを測定し、平均厚み(X)、最高厚み(MAX)及び最低厚み(MIN)を求め、〔(MAX)−(MIN)〕/(X)を算出して、これを平均厚みの均一性とする。
(3)フィルムの外観
得られたフィルムを目視することにより、フィルムの表面が均一であるか否かを判断する。
【0020】
(4)透湿度(g/m2 ・24hr)
温度40℃、相対湿度90%において、JIS−Z0208(CaCl2 法)に規定される方法により測定する。
(5)フィルムのブツ
フィルム中のブツは、1m四方のフィルム面中にある最大径0.05mm以上のブツの個数を数える。
(6)押出機の吐出量安定性
Tダイから吐出される樹脂の量を10秒間隔で5分間サンプリングし、10秒あたりの吐出量の平均値(X)と最大値(MAX)、最小値(MIN)を求め、〔(MAX)−(MIN)〕/(X)を算出し、これを吐出量安定性とする。
【0021】
実施例1
本発明に係る装置として、(株)神戸製鋼所のNCM60(連続混練機 L/D=7 スクリュー直径60mm)に押出機(L/D=18 スクリュー直径65mm、メータリングゾーンの長さとスクリュー径の比=8)を接続し、押出機の吐出側開口部に接続用アダプターを介し、幅900mmのTダイを取り付けたものを用いた。
材料は、ポリオレフィン系樹脂として、線型低密度ポリエチレン(三井石油化学工業(株)製、商品名ウルトゼックス2021L、密度:0.920g/cm3 、メルトインデックス(MI):2.1g/10分)を40重量部、無機充填剤として、炭酸カルシウム(同和カルファイン(株)製、商品名:SST−40、平均粒径:1.0μm)を60重量部用いた。
【0022】
この材料をタンブラーミキサーを用いて混合した後、定量フィーダー(株式会社クボタ製スクリューフィーダーCS−P−3型)を用いて上記の装置に投入し、均一に混練し、溶融、製膜した。
このとき、連続混練機のロータの回転数は1分間に900回転、押出機のスクリューの回転数は1分間に100回転、樹脂温度は220℃、押出量は1時間に100kgであった。
【0023】
製膜された材料を、延伸機に送り、70℃に加熱された予熱ロールと延伸ロールとの間で延伸倍率2.0倍、ライン速度30m/分で機械方向に一軸延伸し、厚さ40μmの通気性フィルムを製造した。
得られた通気性フィルムに関し、透湿度、厚み均一性、フィルム中のブツ及び押出機の吐出量安定性を調べ、その結果を表1に示した。
この試験結果から、得られた通気性フィルムが優れた特性を有し、Tダイから吐出される材料の量も安定していることが分かった。
【0024】
実施例2
押出機の吐出側開口部とTダイの間にメータリングポンプ(MAAG社製)を挿入したこと以外は、実施例1と同じ方法で通気性フィルムを得た。得られた通気性フィルムの特性及び押出機の吐出量安定性を表1に示した。
この試験結果から、得られた通気性フィルムが優れた特性を有し、Tダイから吐出される材料の量も安定していることが分かった。
【0025】
実施例3
実施例1で用いた材料の全成分100重量部に対し、硬化ヒマシ油(伊藤製油(株)製、商品名:カスターワックス)1.5重量部、脱水ヒマシ油(伊藤製油(株)製、商品名:DCO)1.5重量部を加えたものをタンブラーミキサーで混合した後、実施例1と同じ方法で通気性フィルムを得た。得られた通気性フィルムの特性及び押出機の吐出量安定性を表1に示した。
この試験結果から、得られた通気性フィルムが優れた特性を有し、Tダイから吐出される材料の量も安定していることが分かった。
【0027】
比較例
押出機として、同方向二軸押出機(日本製鋼所 TEX44 L/D=31スクリュー直径44mm)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に通気性フィルムを製造した。スクリュー回転数は1分間に300回転、樹脂温度は220℃、押出量は1時間に50kgで行った。ライン速度は15m/分とし、40μmの通気性フィルムを得た。得られた通気性フィルムの特性及び押出機の吐出量安定性を表1に示した。この試験結果によると、得られた通気性フィルムは、その厚み均一性、外観及びブツの多さの点で実施例1のものより劣るものである。
【0028】
比較例
連続混練機と押出機に、(株)神戸製鋼所のNEX−T60(連続混練機 L/D=7 スクリュー直径60mm; 押出機 L/D=16 スクリュー直径66mm メータリングゾーンの長さとスクリュー径の比=6)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に通気性フィルムを製造した。得られた通気性フィルムの特性及び押出機の吐出量安定性を表1に示した。この試験結果によると、得られた通気性フィルムは、実施例1のものよりブツが多く、この装置における吐出量の安定性も極めて悪い。
【0029】
【表1】

Figure 0003672418
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る通気性フィルムの製造装置及びこれを用いた通気性フィルムの製造方法は上記の如く構成されるので、本発明によるときは、連続混練機に各材料を投入するだけで優れた特性の通気性フィルムを製造できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る通気性フィルムの製造装置の構成を示す説明図である。
【図2】図1に示した単軸押出機のスクリューの側面図である。
【符号の説明】
1・・・・連続混練機
2・・・・単軸押出機
20・・・スクリュー
20a・・メータリングゾーン
3・・・・メータリングポンプ
4・・・・Tダイ
5・・・・延伸機[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus capable of producing a breathable film with few production steps and a method for producing a breathable film using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a polyolefin resin and an inorganic filler are used as materials and the film is stretched uniaxially or biaxially to form a film, voids communicating with the front and back surfaces are generated in the film, and a film having excellent air permeability (hereinafter referred to as an air permeable film). )
Such a breathable film is widely used for hygiene materials, medical materials, building materials, battery separators and the like.
Thus, if each material is directly fed into an extruder and stretched by a stretching machine to produce a breathable film, the amount of extrusion is not stable. There was a problem that the agent aggregated and a lot of bumps were generated on the film.
[0003]
For this reason, breathable films are generally melt-kneaded with a twin-screw extruder or various mixers with excellent kneading ability to make compound pellets, and the compound pellets are put into an extruder and melted again. It is manufactured by a process of kneading and extrusion, forming a film by a T-die method or an inflation method, and stretching the film in a uniaxial direction or a biaxial direction.
However, the above-mentioned general method for producing a breathable film has a problem that it takes a lot of time and money because it consists of a two-step process of producing a compound pellet and a process of producing a film from the compound pellet. It was.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to produce a breathable film having excellent characteristics in a single step.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above purpose is
In a single-screw extruder with a metering zone length of at least 8 times the screw diameter, a continuous kneader is connected to the opening on the supply side, and a T-die and a stretching machine are connected to the opening on the discharge side in order to continuously knead. At least 25 to 60% by weight of polyolefin resin and 75 to 40% by weight of inorganic filler as materials are put into the machine, and this is sent to a drawing machine via a single screw extruder and a T die and processed into a film. Achieved. A metering pump may be provided between the single screw extruder and the T die.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a structure of a breathable film manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of a screw of the single-screw extruder shown in FIG.
In the figure, 1 is a continuous kneader, 2 is a single screw extruder, 3 is a metering pump, 4 is a T die, and 5 is a stretching machine.
The continuous kneading machine 1 is a known biaxial continuous kneading machine having two rotors (not shown) that are parallel and non-meshing with each other and pass through a chamber barrel extending in the horizontal direction and can be controlled to rotate in different directions. Each rotor has a feed screw portion on the raw material supply side and a kneading blade portion on the discharge side.
[0007]
In the continuous kneader 1, the material is sent to the discharge side by the feed screw portion in the chamber barrel, and is sufficiently kneaded by shearing, pushing back, and dispersing action while being melted by the kneading blade portion, and sent to the discharge side.
The continuous kneader 1 has an orifice gate (not shown) at the opening on the discharge side, and the kneading quality of the kneaded material is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the orifice gate.
The single-screw extruder 2 is connected to the discharge side opening of the continuous kneader 1 and extrudes the material melted and kneaded by the continuous kneader 1 under pressure.
This single-screw extruder 2 has a pusher that periodically pushes the material discharged from the continuous kneader 1 into the single-screw extruder 2 at its supply side opening, and also for sucking volatile components in the material. It has a vent.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 2, the metering zone 20a of the screw 20 of the single screw extruder 2 has a length that is 8 times or more the screw diameter.
When the length is less than 8 times the screw diameter, the discharge amount becomes unstable, and a vent-up phenomenon in which the resin overflows from the vent easily occurs.
The T-die 4 is generally used for film extrusion, and is connected to the discharge-side opening of the single-screw extruder 2 via a metering pump 3 for stabilizing the discharge amount.
The stretching machine 5 is a known one that stretches a film formed by a T die uniaxially or biaxially by a roll method, a tenter method or the like.
Since the metering zone 20a of the single screw extruder 2 is long and the discharge amount is stable, the metering pump 3 may be omitted.
[0009]
The continuous kneader 1 is charged with at least a polyolefin-based resin and an inorganic filler at a predetermined ratio. Hereinafter, materials to be charged will be described.
The polyolefin resin is mainly composed of monoolefin polymers and copolymers such as ethylene, prepylene, and butene. For example, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, ethylene -Vinyl acetate copolymers and mixtures thereof are mentioned, but linear low density polyethylene is particularly desirable.
[0010]
Examples of the inorganic filler include calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, silica, and talc. Barium sulfate is preferred.
The average particle diameter of the inorganic filler is preferably 20 μm or less, more preferably 10 μm or less, and most preferably 0.5 to 5 μm.
The inorganic filler is preferably subjected to a surface treatment in order to improve dispersibility in the resin.
The surface treatment agent is preferably one that can make the surface hydrophobic by coating the surface of the inorganic filler, and examples thereof include higher fatty acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid, or metal salts thereof.
[0011]
The composition ratio of the polyolefin resin and the inorganic filler is such that when the inorganic filler is less than 40 parts by weight, the adjacent voids formed by peeling off the interface between the polyolefin resin and the inorganic filler are not communicated with each other. On the other hand, if it exceeds 75 parts by weight, it becomes difficult to stretch the film. Therefore, the polyolefin resin is 25 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 50 parts by weight, and the inorganic filler is 75 to 40 parts by weight. The amount is preferably 70 to 50 parts by weight.
In addition, the film produced by the breathable film production apparatus according to the present invention is basically composed of a polyolefin resin and an inorganic filler, but the dispersant for the inorganic filler is used as the polyolefin resin and the inorganic filler. 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight can be added to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the agent.
[0012]
Examples of the dispersant include a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid ester having 9 to 40 carbon atoms, a triglyceride using a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a monohydric higher alcohol or a derivative thereof, a higher fatty acid amide, a higher amine, Examples include liquid or waxy components such as alcohol homopolymers, copolymers, ether compounds, amine compounds, amide compounds, and ester derivatives selected from saturated or unsaturated divalent or higher alcohols. These may be used alone or in combination.
Moreover, you may mix | blend the additive currently used for the resin composition other than a dispersing agent.
Examples of such additives include antioxidants, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, neutralizers, lubricants, antifogging agents, antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, slip agents, and colorants. Is mentioned.
[0013]
When a breathable film is produced using the above-described breathable film manufacturing apparatus, first, a Henschel mixer or a super mixer (not shown) including a polyolefin resin, an inorganic filler and, if necessary, a dispersant, an additive, etc. The mixture is introduced into a tumbler mixer and mixed, and the mixed material is introduced into the continuous kneader 1 using a raw material feeder, melt-kneaded, and the kneaded material is at least the melting point of the polyolefin resin, preferably + 20 ° C. As described above, extrusion is performed while the temperature is lower than the decomposition temperature, and the film is formed by the T die.
Next, with a stretching machine, the film formed by the T-die is subjected to one stage or multiple stages under the environment of room temperature or the softening point of the polyolefin resin (value measured by the method defined in JIS K-6760). And stretch.
[0014]
At this time, the interface between the polyolefin resin and the inorganic filler is peeled off, and the air permeability of the film is ensured.
The stretch ratio affects the film tearing during stretching, the air permeability of the resulting film, the softness of the film, etc., so it is not preferable that the stretch ratio is too high or too low. The stretch ratio in the present invention is 1.2 to 5 Times, preferably 1.5 to 3 times.
In the case of biaxial stretching, a method of first uniaxially stretching in the machine direction or a direction perpendicular to the machine direction, and then stretching the second axis in a direction perpendicular to the direction, and the machine direction and the direction perpendicular thereto There is a method of biaxial stretching simultaneously, and either method may be used.
[0015]
Moreover, after extending | stretching, in order to stabilize the form of the aperture | opening obtained as needed, you may perform a heat setting process.
Examples of the heat setting treatment method include a heat treatment method for 0.1 to 100 seconds at a temperature not lower than the softening point of the resin and lower than the melting point.
The thickness of the film thus obtained is not particularly limited, but the usual thickness is about 10 to 100 μm.
If the thickness is less than 10 μm, the film is easily broken. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds 100 μm, the film becomes hard and it is difficult to form a breathable film having a cloth-like soft feeling and good texture.
[0016]
The physical properties of this breathable film can be freely changed depending on the filling ratio, type, particle size, blending ratio of polyolefin resin, and stretching conditions (stretching direction, stretching ratio, stretching temperature) of the inorganic filler. When the thickness is 10 to 100 μm, the moisture permeability measured by the method defined in JIS-Z0208 (40 ° C., 90%, conditions of CaCl 2 method) is 1000 to 20000 g / m 2 · 24 hr.
[0017]
The breathable film having such characteristics has moderate breathability, moisture permeability and texture, and excellent mechanical properties.
Therefore, for example, disposable paper diapers, sanitary materials such as pads for absorbing body fluids, bed sheets, medical materials such as surgical clothing, base materials for hot compresses, clothing materials such as jumpers and rainwear, wallpaper, roof waterproofing agents, etc. It can be used very suitably as a building material, desiccant, moisture-proofing agent, oxygen scavenger, disposable body warmer, freshness-keeping packaging, packaging material for food packaging, and battery separators.
[0018]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples will be shown to describe the present invention more specifically.
The present invention is not limited to these examples.
The physical properties such as melt index (hereinafter referred to as MI) and moisture permeability shown in the Examples are values measured by the following methods.
(1) MI (g / 10 min)
Measured under conditions of a temperature of 190 ° C. and a load of 2160 g by the method prescribed in ASTM D-1238-57T (E).
[0019]
(2) Uniformity of film thickness Samples [machine direction (hereinafter referred to as vertical direction): 100 cm, vertical direction perpendicular to the vertical direction (hereinafter referred to as horizontal direction): 5 cm] from the obtained breathable film were each 3 Samples were taken one by one, and the thickness was measured at a total of 300 measurement points at 1 cm intervals in the vertical direction using a thickness measuring device (PURICOCK DIAL GUAGE NO.25, manufactured by PEACOCK), and the average thickness (X), maximum The thickness (MAX) and the minimum thickness (MIN) are obtained, and [(MAX) − (MIN)] / (X) is calculated, and this is regarded as the average thickness uniformity.
(3) Appearance of film By visually observing the obtained film, it is determined whether or not the surface of the film is uniform.
[0020]
(4) Moisture permeability (g / m 2 · 24 hr)
It is measured by the method defined in JIS-Z0208 (CaCl 2 method) at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90%.
(5) As for the irregularities in the film, the number of irregularities having a maximum diameter of 0.05 mm or more in the 1 m square film surface is counted.
(6) Discharge amount stability of extruder The amount of resin discharged from the T-die is sampled at 10 second intervals for 5 minutes, and the average value (X), maximum value (MAX), and minimum value of discharge amount per 10 seconds. (MIN) is obtained, [(MAX) − (MIN)] / (X) is calculated, and this is defined as discharge amount stability.
[0021]
Example 1
As an apparatus according to the present invention, an NCM60 (continuous kneader L / D = 7 screw diameter 60 mm) of Kobe Steel, Ltd., an extruder (L / D = 18 screw diameter 65 mm, metering zone length and screw diameter) Ratio = 8), and a T-die having a width of 900 mm was attached to the discharge side opening of the extruder via a connection adapter.
The material is a linear low-density polyethylene (manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd., trade name ULTZEX 2021L, density: 0.920 g / cm 3 , melt index (MI): 2.1 g / 10 min) as a polyolefin resin. As an inorganic filler, 60 parts by weight of calcium carbonate (manufactured by Dowa Calfine Co., Ltd., trade name: SST-40, average particle size: 1.0 μm) was used.
[0022]
After mixing this material using a tumbler mixer, it was put into the above apparatus using a quantitative feeder (Screw feeder CS-P-3 manufactured by Kubota Co., Ltd.), uniformly kneaded, melted, and formed into a film.
At this time, the rotation speed of the rotor of the continuous kneader was 900 rotations per minute, the rotation speed of the screw of the extruder was 100 rotations per minute, the resin temperature was 220 ° C., and the extrusion rate was 100 kg per hour.
[0023]
The film-formed material was sent to a stretching machine and uniaxially stretched in the machine direction at a stretching ratio of 2.0 times and a line speed of 30 m / min between a preheating roll heated to 70 ° C. and a thickness of 40 μm. A breathable film was produced.
The obtained breathable film was examined for moisture permeability, thickness uniformity, irregularities in the film, and discharge amount stability of the extruder, and the results are shown in Table 1.
From this test result, it was found that the obtained breathable film had excellent characteristics and the amount of material discharged from the T-die was stable.
[0024]
Example 2
A breathable film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a metering pump (manufactured by MAAG) was inserted between the discharge side opening of the extruder and the T die. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained air permeable film and the discharge amount stability of the extruder.
From this test result, it was found that the obtained breathable film had excellent characteristics and the amount of material discharged from the T-die was stable.
[0025]
Example 3
With respect to 100 parts by weight of all components of the material used in Example 1, 1.5 parts by weight of hardened castor oil (manufactured by Ito Oil Co., Ltd., trade name: Custer wax), dehydrated castor oil (manufactured by Ito Oil Co., Ltd.), (Product name: DCO) A mixture of 1.5 parts by weight was mixed with a tumbler mixer, and then a breathable film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained air permeable film and the discharge amount stability of the extruder.
From this test result, it was found that the obtained breathable film had excellent characteristics and the amount of material discharged from the T-die was stable.
[0027]
Comparative Example 1
A breathable film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same-direction twin-screw extruder (Nippon Steel Works TEX44 L / D = 31 screw diameter 44 mm) was used as the extruder. The screw rotation speed was 300 rotations per minute, the resin temperature was 220 ° C., and the extrusion rate was 50 kg per hour. The line speed was 15 m / min, and a 40 μm breathable film was obtained. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained air permeable film and the discharge amount stability of the extruder. According to this test result, the obtained air permeable film is inferior to that of Example 1 in terms of thickness uniformity, appearance, and a large number of irregularities.
[0028]
Comparative Example 2
NEX-T60 of Kobe Steel, Ltd. (continuous kneader L / D = 7 screw diameter 60 mm; extruder L / D = 16 screw diameter 66 mm of metering zone length and screw diameter A breathable film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio = 6) was used. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the obtained air permeable film and the discharge amount stability of the extruder. According to this test result, the obtained air-permeable film has a lot more flaws than that of Example 1, and the stability of the discharge amount in this apparatus is extremely poor.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003672418
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
The breathable film manufacturing apparatus and the breathable film manufacturing method using the same according to the present invention are configured as described above. Therefore, according to the present invention, excellent characteristics can be obtained simply by putting each material into a continuous kneader. A breathable film can be produced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of a breathable film manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a screw of the single-screw extruder shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Continuous kneading machine 2 ... Single screw extruder 20 ... Screw 20a ... Metering zone 3 ... Metering pump 4 ... T die 5 ... Drawing machine

Claims (3)

2軸型連続混練機(1)と、2軸型連続混練機(1)で混練された、少なくともポリオレフィン系樹脂と無機充填剤とを含む通気性フィルムの材料を受け入れ得るよう、2軸型連続混練機(1)の吐出側開口部に接続され、メータリングゾーンの長さがスクリュー径の少なくとも8倍である単軸押出機(2)と、単軸押出機(2)の吐出側開口部に接続されるTダイ(4)と、Tダイ(4)に接続される延伸機(5)と、から成る通気性フィルムの製造装置。 Biaxial continuous kneader and (1) were kneaded by a twin-shaft continuous kneader (1), so that it can accept material breathable film comprising at least a polyolefin resin and an inorganic filler, a continuous biaxial A single-screw extruder (2) connected to the discharge-side opening of the kneading machine (1) and having a metering zone length of at least 8 times the screw diameter, and a discharge-side opening of the single-screw extruder (2) A breathable film manufacturing apparatus comprising: a T die (4) connected to the T die; and a stretching machine (5) connected to the T die (4). Tダイ(4)がメータリングポンプ(3)を介して単軸押出機(2)に接続される請求項1に記載の通気性フィルムの製造装置。The breathable film manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the T-die (4) is connected to the single-screw extruder (2) via a metering pump (3). 請求項1又は2に記載の通気性フィルムの製造装置を用いた下記の各ステップから成る通気性フィルムの製造方法。
(a)2軸型連続混練機(1)に材料として少なくともポリオレフィン系樹脂25ないし60重量%及び無機充填剤75ないし40重量%を投入し、混練し、単軸押出機(2)に吐出するステップ。
(b)2軸型連続混練機(1)が吐出した材料を単軸押出機(2)により、メータリングポンプ(3)を介してあるいは介せずしてTダイ(4)に押し出し、製膜するステップ。
(c)Tダイ(4)で製膜された材料を延伸機(5)により、少なくとも一軸方向に延伸するステップ。
The manufacturing method of the air permeable film which consists of the following each step using the manufacturing apparatus of the air permeable film of Claim 1 or 2.
(A) At least 25 to 60% by weight of a polyolefin resin and 75 to 40% by weight of an inorganic filler are added as materials to the biaxial continuous kneader (1), kneaded, and discharged to a single screw extruder (2). Step.
(B) The material discharged from the biaxial continuous kneader (1) is extruded to the T die (4) with or without the metering pump (3) by the single screw extruder (2). Filming step.
(C) A step of stretching the material formed by the T die (4) in at least a uniaxial direction by a stretching machine (5).
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