JP3669895B2 - Receiver - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3669895B2
JP3669895B2 JP2000134681A JP2000134681A JP3669895B2 JP 3669895 B2 JP3669895 B2 JP 3669895B2 JP 2000134681 A JP2000134681 A JP 2000134681A JP 2000134681 A JP2000134681 A JP 2000134681A JP 3669895 B2 JP3669895 B2 JP 3669895B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electric field
antenna
standing wave
receiver
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2000134681A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001320215A (en
Inventor
文雅 真金
孝 直井
伸治 福井
秀貴 古屋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denso Corp
Soken Inc
Original Assignee
Denso Corp
Nippon Soken Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Denso Corp, Nippon Soken Inc filed Critical Denso Corp
Priority to JP2000134681A priority Critical patent/JP3669895B2/en
Publication of JP2001320215A publication Critical patent/JP2001320215A/en
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Publication of JP3669895B2 publication Critical patent/JP3669895B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えば車両のキーレスエントリシステムにおいて車両室内に設置される受信装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、例えば自動車においては、ワイヤレス送信機によりドアロック装置の開閉操作を可能としたキーレスエントリシステムが設置されることが多い。このキーレスエントリシステムはワイヤレス送信機、受信装置およびドアロックアクチュエータから成り立っている。車両外部からワイヤレス送信機を操作して電波信号を発射すると車両内部に設置された受信装置が電波信号を受信してドアロックアクチュエータを作動させる。一般に、この受信装置は電波の受信し易さを考慮して窓の近く、即ちダッシュボード内やリヤトレー部等に設置されている。また、キーレスエントリシステムの利便性追求の面から作動可能距離を大きくするために受信装置の受信感度を高めることが行われている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、このように受信装置の性能を向上したにも拘わらず、受信感度が高くならない、または受信感度が不安定となり、作動可能距離が拡大できないといった不具合が発生している。
【0004】
この原因として、受信装置のアンテナが車両に取付けられた場合、車両は一般的に金属でできているため、アンテナ性能に影響を及ぼしアンテナの隆起電圧が小さくなるため、結果として作動可能距離が拡大できなくなると考えられる。このことは自動車用の受信装置に限らず、遠隔操作式の送信機からの電波を受信する受信装置共通の問題と考えられる。
【0005】
本発明は、上記の点に鑑み、アンテナを内蔵する受信機を、対向する電気導体部材間に形成される定在波の腹付近に設置することにより、受信感度を高め作動可能距離の大きい受信装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記目的を達成する為、以下の技術的手段を採用する。
【0007】
本発明の請求項1に記載の受信装置は、アンテナを有する受信機を、室空間内部において対向する2つの電気導体部材間に配置し、且つ前記電気導体部材間に配置された前記受信機に向けて送信された電波により前記両電気導体部材間に定在波が形成され、この形成される定在波の腹から、前記定在波の進行方向に前記定在波の±1/8波長以内に前記アンテナ全体が収まるように、前記アンテナを配置している。これにより受信装置の受信感度を高めて作動可能距離を拡大することができる。この場合、本発明の請求項3に記載の受信装置のように、両電気導体部材の間隔を、電波の半波長の整数倍に相当する関係を有するように設定すれば、定在波が明確に形成される。
【0008】
本発明の請求項2に記載の受信装置は、請求項1に記載の受信装置を車両に搭載される受信装置に適用したものである。これにより、車両に搭載される種々の受信装置の受信感度を高めて作動可能距離を拡大することができる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。この実施形態においては本発明を自動車のキーレスエントリシステムに用いられる受信装置に適用したものである。
【0010】
本実施形態においては、図1に示すように、受信機1は車両Vのリヤトレー部3に設置されており、リヤトレー部3両端のCピラー5(電気導体部材)およびCピラー4(電気導体部材)が対向する2つの電気導体部材を形成している。
【0011】
受信機1は、電波の電界成分により作動する電界型アンテナ2(アンテナ)および受信信号を処理する電子回路(図示せず)を内蔵している。
【0012】
この構成においては、受信機1に向けて送信された電波が左右のCピラー4、5間で反射するので、リヤトレー部3上の空間には、図2に示すように電界定在波6(定在波)が形成される。形成される電界定在波6は左右のCピラー4、5をそれぞれ電界の節(振幅最小)とし、その周波数は送信される電波の周波数と同じである。左右のCピラー4、5をそれぞれ電界の節とし電波の周波数と同周期であるような定在波は、左右のCピラー4、5の間隔が電波の半波長の整数倍程度である時がもっとも顕著に形成される。本実施形態におけるキーレスエントリシステムの使用周波数は300MHz帯であり、電波の波長は1mである。一方、リヤトレー部3における左右のCピラー4、5の間隔は1.5mであり、キーレスエントリシステムの電波の半波長の3倍(整数倍)となっている。従って、リヤトレー部3上の空間には図2に示すような電界定在波6が明確に形成され、電界の節(振幅最小)は7、電界の腹(振幅最大)は8に示す位置となる。
【0013】
受信装置を設置する場合の最適位置9、即ち電界定在波6の腹8からこの電界定在波6の進行方向(図2中の矢印)に電界定在波6の±1/8波長以内の位置は、図2において斜線を施した範囲となる。本実施形態の場合、電波の波長は1mであるので±125mm以内となり、受信機1の電界型アンテナ2をこの最適位置9内に設置している。
【0014】
ここで、実際の車両V上において、電界型アンテナ2の位置をリヤトレー部3上において変化させて電界型アンテナ2の隆起電圧および作動可能距離を測定した結果について説明する。各図において同一構成部位には同一番号を付してある。
【0015】
図3に試験条件概要を示す。車両Vのリヤトレー部3に電界型アンテナ2を設置し、車両Vの中心S(長さおよび幅の)から6m離れたダイポールアンテナDから送信した電波により電界型アンテナ2に発生する隆起電圧を測定した。また、電界型アンテナ2の設置位置をリヤトレー部3上で種々変化させて測定した。なお、車両Vをその中心Sの周りに360度回転させて、1度毎に隆起電圧を測定し、それらの平均値をその電界型アンテナ2の位置における隆起電圧とした。図4に測定結果を示す。縦軸は電界型アンテナ2の隆起電圧を、横軸はリヤトレー部3上における電界型アンテナ2の位置を示している。さらに、リヤトレー部3、Cピラー4、5、およびこの時リヤトレー部3上の空間にダイポールアンテナDから送信した電波により形成される電界定在波6を横軸に対応させて示す。図4から明らかなように、電界型アンテナ2の隆起電圧は、電界型アンテナ2が電界定在波6の腹8付近に設置された時には高く、電界定在波6の節7付近に設置された時には低くなっている。
【0016】
図5(a)には、キーレスエントリシステムの送信機を用いて、作動可能距離Lを測定した結果を示す。縦軸は作動可能距離Lを、横軸は電界型アンテナ2の位置を示す。さらに、リヤトレー部3、Cピラー4、5、およびこの時リヤトレー部3上の空間に送信機Tから送信される電波により形成される電界定在波6を横軸に対応させて示す。図5(b)に試験条件を示す。作動可能距離Lは車両Vの中心Sから送信機Tまでの距離であり、車両Vの中心Sの周り360度について15度毎に測定し、それらの値の平均値をその電界型アンテナ2の位置における作動可能距離Lとした。図5(a)より、作動可能距離Lは、電界型アンテナ2が電界定在波6の腹8に配置された時には大きく、電界定在波6の節7に配置された時には小さくなっていることがわかる。
【0017】
以上の試験結果から、電界型アンテナ2をリヤトレー部3上の空間に送信された電波により形成される電界定在波6の腹8付近、即ち前述の受信装置の最適位置9に配置することにより、受信機1の受信感度を高めて作動可能範囲を拡大できることがわかる。
【0018】
以上説明したように、本実施形態においては、電界型アンテナ2を内臓する受信機1を、リヤトレー部3上の空間に送信された電波によりCピラー4、5間に形成される電界定在波6の腹8からこの電界定在波6の進行方向に電界定在波6の±1/8波長以内の範囲、即ち最適位置9に設置することにより、受信感度を高めて作動可能範囲を拡大した受信装置を提供することができた。
【0019】
また、電界型アンテナ2の設置位置を最適位置9に選定する、という極めて容易な手段により、コスト上昇を伴わずに受信感度の高い作動可能範囲の大きい受信装置を提供することができる。
【0020】
なお、本実施形態では、電界型アンテナ2をCピラー4、5間のリヤトレー部3に設置しているが、車両内部の他の場所であっても、対向する2つの電気導体部材が存在する部位であれば、それらの電気導体部材間における最適位置9に設置することにより本実施形態の場合と同様の効果が得られる。例えば、車両前部のダッシュボード部でもよい。この場合は左右のAピラーが対向する2つの電気導体部材を形成する。また、Cピラー4、5部でもよい。この場合はリヤトレー部3と天井が対向する2つの電気導体部材を形成する。いづれの場所においても、受信機1に向けて送信される電波により対向する2つの電気導体部材間に形成される電界定在波6の腹8から、この電界定在波6の進行方向に電界定在波6の±1/8波長以内の位置に電界型アンテナ2を設置することにより、受信感度の高い作動可能範囲の大きい受信装置を提供することができる。
【0021】
また、本実施形態の受信装置においては、電界型アンテナ2は受信機1に内蔵されているが、電界型アンテナ2と受信機1が分離した形態でも良い。この場合、電界型アンテナ2を前述の最適位置9に設置することにより受信感度の高い作動可能範囲の大きい受信装置を提供することができる。
【0022】
また、本実施形態においては、アンテナとして電界型アンテナ2を使用しているが、他の形式のアンテナ、例えば磁界型アンテナを使用しても良い。この場合、受信機1に向けて送信される電波により対向する2つの電気導体部材間に形成される磁界定在波の腹から、この磁界定在波の進行方向に磁界定在波の±1/8波長以内の位置に磁界型アンテナを設置することにより、受信感度の高い作動可能範囲の大きい受信装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態による車両V上における電界型アンテナ2の搭載配置図である。
【図2】リヤトレー部3上に形成される電界定在波6および受信装置配置の最適位置9を示す平面図である。
【図3】車両Vにおける試験条件を示す。
【図4】車両Vにおける、電界型アンテナ6の設置位置と隆起電圧との関係の試験結果を示す。
【図5】(a)は、車両Vにおける、電界型アンテナ6の設置位置と作動可能距離Lとの関係の試験結果を示す。
(b)は、(a)における試験条件を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 受信機
2 電界型アンテナ(アンテナ)
3 リヤトレー部
4 Cピラー(電気導体部材)
5 Cピラー(電気導体部材)
6 電界定在波(定在波)
7 節
8 腹
9 最適位置
D ダイポールアンテナ
L 作動可能距離
S 中心
T 送信機
V 車両
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a receiving device installed in a vehicle compartment in a keyless entry system of a vehicle, for example.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, for example, in automobiles, a keyless entry system that can open and close a door lock device by a wireless transmitter is often installed. This keyless entry system consists of a wireless transmitter, a receiver and a door lock actuator. When a radio signal is emitted from the outside of the vehicle by operating a wireless transmitter, a receiving device installed inside the vehicle receives the radio signal and activates the door lock actuator. In general, this receiving device is installed near a window, that is, in a dashboard, a rear tray, or the like in consideration of easy reception of radio waves. Further, in order to increase the operable distance from the aspect of pursuing the convenience of the keyless entry system, the receiving sensitivity of the receiving device is increased.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although the performance of the receiving apparatus is improved in this way, there is a problem that the receiving sensitivity does not increase or the receiving sensitivity becomes unstable and the operable distance cannot be expanded.
[0004]
The reason for this is that when the antenna of the receiver is mounted on a vehicle, the vehicle is generally made of metal, which affects the antenna performance and reduces the raised voltage of the antenna. As a result, the operable distance increases. It will be impossible. This is considered to be a problem common not only to automobile receivers but also to receivers that receive radio waves from a remote-controlled transmitter.
[0005]
In view of the above points, the present invention provides a receiver with a large operable distance by installing a receiver with a built-in antenna near the antinode of a standing wave formed between opposing electrical conductor members. An object is to provide an apparatus.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following technical means.
[0007]
In the receiver according to claim 1 of the present invention, a receiver having an antenna is arranged between two electric conductor members facing each other in a room space, and the receiver arranged between the electric conductor members is arranged in the receiver. A standing wave is formed between the two electric conductor members by the radio wave transmitted toward the direction, and ± 1/8 wavelength of the standing wave in the traveling direction of the standing wave from the antinode of the formed standing wave within the so that the entire antenna fits, are arranged the antenna. Thereby, the receiving sensitivity of the receiving device can be increased and the operable distance can be expanded. In this case, as in the receiving apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, if the distance between the two electric conductor members is set so as to have a relationship corresponding to an integral multiple of a half wavelength of the radio wave, the standing wave is clear. Formed.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the receiving device according to the first aspect is applied to a receiving device mounted on a vehicle. Thereby, the receiving sensitivity of the various receiving devices mounted on the vehicle can be increased and the operable distance can be expanded.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a receiving device used in a keyless entry system of an automobile.
[0010]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the receiver 1 is installed in the rear tray portion 3 of the vehicle V, and the C pillar 5 (electrical conductor member) and the C pillar 4 (electrical conductor member) at both ends of the rear tray portion 3. ) Form two electric conductor members facing each other.
[0011]
The receiver 1 includes an electric field antenna 2 (antenna) that operates according to an electric field component of radio waves and an electronic circuit (not shown) that processes a received signal.
[0012]
In this configuration, since the radio wave transmitted toward the receiver 1 is reflected between the left and right C pillars 4 and 5, the electric field standing wave 6 ( Standing wave) is formed. The formed electric field standing wave 6 has left and right C pillars 4 and 5 as nodes of the electric field (minimum amplitude), and the frequency thereof is the same as the frequency of the transmitted radio wave. A standing wave having the left and right C pillars 4 and 5 as nodes of the electric field and having the same period as the frequency of the radio wave is when the interval between the left and right C pillars 4 and 5 is an integral multiple of a half wavelength of the radio wave. Most prominently formed. The use frequency of the keyless entry system in this embodiment is the 300 MHz band, and the wavelength of the radio wave is 1 m. On the other hand, the distance between the left and right C pillars 4 and 5 in the rear tray unit 3 is 1.5 m, which is three times (integer multiple) the half wavelength of the radio wave of the keyless entry system. Therefore, the electric field standing wave 6 as shown in FIG. 2 is clearly formed in the space on the rear tray portion 3, the electric field node (minimum amplitude) is 7, and the electric field antinode (maximum amplitude) is the position indicated by 8. Become.
[0013]
Within an optimum position 9 when installing the receiving device, that is, within ± 1/8 wavelength of the electric field standing wave 6 from the antinode 8 of the electric field standing wave 6 in the traveling direction of the electric field standing wave 6 (arrow in FIG. 2). The position is a hatched area in FIG. In the case of the present embodiment, the wavelength of the radio wave is 1 m, so that it is within ± 125 mm, and the electric field antenna 2 of the receiver 1 is installed in the optimum position 9.
[0014]
Here, the results of measuring the raised voltage and the operable distance of the electric field antenna 2 by changing the position of the electric field antenna 2 on the rear tray 3 on the actual vehicle V will be described. In each figure, the same number is attached | subjected to the same component.
[0015]
FIG. 3 shows an outline of the test conditions. The electric field type antenna 2 is installed in the rear tray part 3 of the vehicle V, and the rising voltage generated in the electric field type antenna 2 by the radio wave transmitted from the dipole antenna D 6 m away from the center S (length and width) of the vehicle V is measured. did. In addition, the installation position of the electric field antenna 2 was measured on the rear tray unit 3 in various ways. In addition, the vehicle V was rotated 360 degrees around the center S, the rising voltage was measured every 1 degree, and the average value thereof was taken as the rising voltage at the position of the electric field type antenna 2. FIG. 4 shows the measurement results. The vertical axis represents the rising voltage of the electric field antenna 2, and the horizontal axis represents the position of the electric field antenna 2 on the rear tray portion 3. Further, the electric field standing wave 6 formed by the radio wave transmitted from the dipole antenna D is shown in the space on the rear tray unit 3, the C pillars 4, 5, and the rear tray unit 3 at this time, corresponding to the horizontal axis. As is clear from FIG. 4, the rising voltage of the electric field antenna 2 is high when the electric field antenna 2 is installed near the antinode 8 of the electric field standing wave 6, and is installed near the node 7 of the electric field standing wave 6. Sometimes it is low.
[0016]
FIG. 5A shows the result of measuring the operable distance L using the transmitter of the keyless entry system. The vertical axis represents the operable distance L, and the horizontal axis represents the position of the electric field antenna 2. Further, the electric field standing wave 6 formed by the radio wave transmitted from the transmitter T in the space on the rear tray unit 3, the C pillars 4 and 5 and the rear tray unit 3 at this time is shown corresponding to the horizontal axis. FIG. 5B shows the test conditions. The operable distance L is a distance from the center S of the vehicle V to the transmitter T, and is measured every 15 degrees about 360 degrees around the center S of the vehicle V, and an average value of these values is measured for the electric field antenna 2. The operable distance L at the position is defined as L. From FIG. 5A, the operable distance L is large when the electric field antenna 2 is disposed on the antinode 8 of the electric field standing wave 6, and is small when the electric field antenna 2 is disposed on the node 7 of the electric field standing wave 6. I understand that.
[0017]
From the above test results, by placing the electric field antenna 2 near the antinode 8 of the electric field standing wave 6 formed by the radio wave transmitted to the space on the rear tray portion 3, that is, at the optimum position 9 of the above-described receiving apparatus. It can be seen that the operable range can be expanded by increasing the reception sensitivity of the receiver 1.
[0018]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the receiver 1 incorporating the electric field antenna 2 is used as the electric field standing wave formed between the C pillars 4 and 5 by the radio wave transmitted to the space on the rear tray 3. By installing it within the range of ± 1/8 wavelength of the electric field standing wave 6 from the antinode 8 to the traveling direction of the electric field standing wave 6, that is, in the optimum position 9, the receiving sensitivity is enhanced and the operable range is expanded. It was possible to provide a receiving device.
[0019]
In addition, it is possible to provide a receiving device having a high receiving sensitivity and a high operable range without increasing the cost, by an extremely easy means of selecting the installation position of the electric field antenna 2 as the optimum position 9.
[0020]
In the present embodiment, the electric field type antenna 2 is installed in the rear tray portion 3 between the C pillars 4 and 5, but there are two opposing electric conductor members even at other locations inside the vehicle. If it is a site | part, the effect similar to the case of this embodiment is acquired by installing in the optimal position 9 between those electric conductor members. For example, a dashboard portion at the front of the vehicle may be used. In this case, two electrical conductor members are formed so that the left and right A pillars face each other. Moreover, C pillar 4 and 5 parts may be sufficient. In this case, two electric conductor members are formed so that the rear tray portion 3 and the ceiling face each other. At any location, the electric field standing wave 6 is formed in the traveling direction of the electric field standing wave 6 from the antinode 8 of the electric field standing wave 6 formed between the two electric conductor members facing each other by the radio wave transmitted toward the receiver 1. By installing the electric field type antenna 2 at a position within ± 1/8 wavelength of the field standing wave 6, it is possible to provide a receiving device with high receiving sensitivity and a large operable range.
[0021]
In the receiving apparatus of the present embodiment, the electric field antenna 2 is built in the receiver 1, but the electric field antenna 2 and the receiver 1 may be separated. In this case, by installing the electric field type antenna 2 at the optimum position 9 described above, it is possible to provide a receiving apparatus having a high receiving sensitivity and a large operable range.
[0022]
In the present embodiment, the electric field antenna 2 is used as an antenna, but another type of antenna, for example, a magnetic field antenna may be used. In this case, from the antinode of the magnetic field standing wave formed between the two electric conductor members facing each other by the radio wave transmitted toward the receiver 1, ± 1 of the magnetic field standing wave extends in the traveling direction of the magnetic field standing wave. By installing a magnetic field type antenna at a position within / 8 wavelengths, it is possible to provide a receiving device with high receiving sensitivity and a large operable range.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a mounting layout diagram of an electric field antenna 2 on a vehicle V according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an electric field standing wave 6 formed on the rear tray section 3 and an optimum position 9 of the receiving device arrangement.
FIG. 3 shows test conditions in vehicle V.
FIG. 4 shows a test result of a relationship between the installation position of the electric field antenna 6 and the rising voltage in the vehicle V.
5A shows a test result of a relationship between the installation position of the electric field antenna 6 and the operable distance L in the vehicle V. FIG.
(B) shows the test conditions in (a).
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Receiver 2 Electric field type antenna (antenna)
3 Rear tray 4 C pillar (electrical conductor member)
5 C pillar (electrical conductor member)
6 Electric field standing wave (standing wave)
7 Section 8 Belly 9 Optimal position D Dipole antenna L Operable distance S Center T Transmitter V Vehicle

Claims (3)

アンテナを有する受信機を、室空間内部において対向する2つの電気導体部材間に配置し
且つ前記電気導体部材間に配置された前記受信機に向けて送信された電波により前記両電気導体部材間に定在波が形成され、
この形成される定在波の腹から、前記定在波の進行方向に前記定在波の±1/8波長以内に前記アンテナ全体が収まるように、前記アンテナを配置することを特徴とする受信装置。
A receiver having an antenna is disposed between two electric conductor members facing each other inside the room space,
And a standing wave is formed between the two electric conductor members by radio waves transmitted toward the receiver disposed between the electric conductor members ,
From the anti-node of the standing wave of the formed, the within ± 1/8-wavelength of the standing wave in the traveling direction of the standing wave, the so that the entire antenna fits, characterized by arranging the antenna Receiver device.
前記室空間内部は車両内部であると共に、前記電気導体部材は車両構成部材の一部であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の受信装置。  The receiving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the interior of the room space is an interior of a vehicle, and the electric conductor member is a part of a vehicle component. 前記両電気導体部材の間隔が、前記電波の半波長の整数倍に相当する関係を有することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の受信装置。  The receiving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the two electric conductor members has a relationship corresponding to an integral multiple of a half wavelength of the radio wave.
JP2000134681A 2000-05-08 2000-05-08 Receiver Expired - Fee Related JP3669895B2 (en)

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JP6183206B2 (en) * 2013-12-26 2017-08-23 株式会社デンソー Wireless communication system

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