JP3667021B2 - Image forming apparatus management method, apparatus, and management system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a management method and apparatus, and a management system of images forming apparatus having a jam diagnostic prediction function for jam diagnostic predictions to determine the degree of risk based on the jam occurrence information from the images forming apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when a jam or the like has occurred in a copying system, the user determines whether or not a service is necessary, and requests the service person to perform maintenance. Maintenance was performed according to the model number or model.
[0003]
In view of this, a management apparatus for a copying apparatus has been proposed in which jam occurrence information is collected online, and the degree of danger is determined from the occurrence information to predict jam occurrence.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this proposed management apparatus, jam diagnosis prediction is performed based on the output from one risk determination means, and therefore there is no detailed information for each jam code, each machine number, each model, etc. There was a problem that the risk level could not be determined accurately.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art described above, it is an object of management of the images forming apparatus capable of performing an accurate risk determination processing for jam occurrence A method and apparatus and a management system are to be provided.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Model management method of images forming apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention in order to achieve the above object, a control method of an image forming apparatus, including the number of recorded upon occurrence of a jam in the image forming apparatus A storage step of storing each jam information in the storage unit, and a cumulative jam curve indicating a correspondence between the number of recorded sheets and the cumulative number of jams obtained based on the jam information for each model stored in the storage step. A calculation step for performing a filter process for emphasizing a specific component of data to obtain a filter output graph, and a risk level related to occurrence of a jam in the current recording number is determined based on the filter output graph obtained in the calculation step. A risk determination step, and the risk determination step is performed for each model of the image forming apparatus.
[0022]
In order to achieve the above object, a management apparatus for an image forming apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention stores jam information for each model including the number of recorded sheets when a jam occurs in the image forming apparatus in a storage unit. For emphasizing a specific component of the data with respect to a cumulative jam curve indicating a correspondence between the storage means to be stored and the number of recordings obtained based on the jam information for each model stored in the storage means and the cumulative jam count Calculating means for performing filter processing and obtaining a filter output graph; and risk level determining means for determining a risk level related to occurrence of a jam in the current number of recordings based on the filter output graph determined by the calculating means, The risk determination means determines a risk for each model.
In order to achieve the above object, a management system according to claim 5 of the present invention is a management system including an image forming apparatus and a management apparatus that manages the image forming apparatus. Storage means for storing jam information for each model including the number of recorded sheets at the time of occurrence of jam in the forming apparatus in the storage unit, and the number of recorded sheets obtained based on the jam information for each model stored in the storage means Based on the filter output graph obtained by the computing means for performing a filter process for emphasizing a specific component of the data to the cumulative jam curve indicating the correspondence between the cumulative jam frequency and the cumulative jam frequency, and obtaining a filter output graph. A risk level judging means for judging a risk level related to the occurrence of a jam in the current number of recordings, and the risk level judging means is dangerous for each model. Characterized by determining said image forming apparatus comprising: the sheet conveyance control means, and a jam detection means.
[0057]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0058]
(First embodiment)
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a copying (image forming) system having a copying apparatus ( image forming apparatus) management apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. A copying apparatus 101 for copying a specified number of sheets is a communication control apparatus, and is connected to the copying apparatus 100 to transmit and receive data. Reference numeral 102 denotes a public line as a communication line, and reference numeral 103 denotes a modem, which enables digital data transmission / reception through the public line 102. A host computer 104 stores and calculates data obtained from the copying apparatus 100.
[0059]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the electric circuit of the copying apparatus 100. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 200 denotes a CPU (central processing unit) that controls the entire copying apparatus 100. A RAM (Random Access Memory) 201 is used as a working area for the CPU 200 and a storage area for control data. Reference numeral 202 denotes a ROM (Read Only Memory) for storing a control program. Reference numerals 203 and 204 denote first and second I / Os for performing sensor check and motor driving. Reference numeral 205 denotes a third I / O for communicating with the communication control apparatus 101.
[0060]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a software configuration of the copying apparatus 100. In the figure, 300 is a real-time monitor for managing a plurality of tasks simultaneously. Reference numeral 301 denotes a paper transport task, which is a task for controlling from paper supply to paper discharge for a single paper (copy paper). A sequence control task 302 is a task for managing the entire copying apparatus 100. A communication task 303 is a task for communicating with the communication control apparatus 101.
[0061]
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of a paper transport unit provided inside the copying apparatus 100. In FIG. 4, 400 is a copy sheet to be transported, 401 is a drive motor, and the transport roller is driven to rotate to copy. The paper 400 is conveyed in the direction of the arrow. Reference numerals 402 and 403 denote first and second sensors for detecting the position of the copy sheet 400.
[0062]
Next, the jam detection processing operation of the copying apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a jam detection processing routine of the copying apparatus 100. The jam detection processing routine shown in FIG. 5 is executed by the CPU 200 in accordance with a control program stored in the ROM 202.
[0063]
When transporting the copy sheet 400, first, the drive motor 401 is turned on in step S501. Next, a first timer for monitoring the first sensor 402 is started in step S502, and a second timer for monitoring the second sensor 403 is started in the next step S503. Thereafter, in step S504, it is determined whether or not the first sensor 402 has been turned on (the copy sheet 400 has been detected) within the time specified by the first timer. If the first sensor 402 is turned on within the time specified by the first timer, it is determined in step S505 whether or not the first timer has expired. If the first timer does not expire, the process returns to step S504. If the first timer expires in step S505, it is determined that the jam has occurred and the process jumps to a jam processing routine.
[0064]
If the first sensor 402 does not turn on within the time specified by the first timer in step S504, the second sensor 403 turns off (OFF) within the time specified by the second timer in step S506. It is determined whether or not. If the second sensor 403 is turned off within the time specified by the second timer, it is determined in step S507 whether the second timer has timed out. If the second timer does not time out, the process returns to step S506, and it is again determined whether or not the second sensor 403 is turned off within the time specified by the second timer. If the second timer is up in step S507, it is determined that the jam has occurred, and the process jumps to the jam processing routine. If the second sensor 403 is not turned off within the time specified by the second timer in step S506, the processing operation is terminated after the drive motor 401 is turned off in step S508.
[0065]
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of a jam code. As shown in FIG. 6, the jam code is composed of a factor 601 and a sensor number 602, and the jam factor (delay or delay) is detected for the sensor number 602 detected as a jam. Retention) 601 is shown.
[0066]
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the communication control apparatus 101, in which 700 is a CPU (central processing unit) that controls the entire communication control apparatus 101, and 701 is a first RAM (random access memory). ) Is a working area necessary for the CPU 700 to operate. Reference numeral 702 denotes a ROM (Read Only Memory) which stores a program for instructing the operation of the CPU 700. Reference numeral 703 denotes a first serial interface (I / O) for communication with a modem 706 described later. Reference numeral 704 denotes a second RAM (Random Access Memory) for storing jam information and various copy number counter values, and is backed up by a battery. Reference numeral 705 denotes a second serial interface (I / O) for communicating with the copying apparatus 100. Reference numeral 706 denotes a modem which enables digital data transmission / reception through the public line 102. A timer IC (integrated circuit) 707 manages time.
[0067]
In FIG. 7, reference numeral 708 denotes an example of a communication command between the copying apparatus 100 and the communication control apparatus 101. ID represents the type of command, length represents the data length, and sum is a bit for detecting a communication error. The communication command of the example shown here is transmitted from the copying apparatus 100 to the communication control apparatus 101 when a count pulse (ID = 01) and a jam (ID = 02) at the time of paper discharge occur on the copying control apparatus 101 side. Data. On the communication control device 101 side, the number of copies (number of copies) can be determined by counting the count pulse (ID = 01) at the time of paper discharge. In the case of jam (ID = 02), the type of jam can be determined by the jam code. .
[0068]
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a software configuration of the communication control apparatus 101. In the figure, 800 is a real-time monitor for managing a plurality of tasks simultaneously. A status monitoring task 801 constantly monitors the status of the copying apparatus 100. A modem control task 802 controls the modem 706 to enable transmission / reception. Reference numeral 803 denotes a transmission task for transmitting data to the host computer 104.
[0069]
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the state monitoring task 801 of the communication control apparatus 101. The state monitoring processing routine shown in FIG. 9 is executed by the CPU 700 in accordance with a control program stored in the ROM 702.
[0070]
First, in step S901, it is determined whether or not a jam has occurred in the copying apparatus 100. If a jam occurs, the counter value at that time is acquired in step S902, and the current time is acquired in the next step S903. In step S904, the counter value and the current time acquired in steps S902 and S903 are recorded in the jam recording table. Thereafter, in step S905, it is determined whether or not the number of jams recorded in the jam recording table has reached a specified value. If the number of jams recorded in the jam record table reaches a specified value, the transmission task 803 is activated in step S906, the host computer 104 is called, and the data recorded in the jam record table is recorded. After transmitting the contents, the process returns to step S901. If the number of jams recorded in the jam recording table does not reach the specified value in step S905, the process returns to step S901.
[0071]
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the contents recorded in the jam recording table. As shown in FIG. 10, “jam code, counter value, date, time” is recorded as one record every time a jam occurs. Yes.
[0072]
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the transmission task 803 of the communication control apparatus 101. The data transmission processing routine shown in FIG. 11 is executed by the CPU 700 in accordance with a control program stored in the ROM 702.
[0073]
In the case of transmitting data, the transmission task 803 is activated, and first calls the host computer 104 in step S1101. In step S1102, it is determined whether or not the connection has been normally made. If the connection is successful, a password check is performed in step S1103, and it is determined in next step S1104 whether the check is OK (Check OK). If the check is OK, the contents recorded in the jam recording table are transmitted to the host computer 104 in step S1105. After completion of this data transmission, the line disconnection process is performed in step S1106, and then this processing operation is terminated. If the check is not OK in step S1104, the process skips step S1105 and proceeds to step S1106 to perform line disconnection processing. Then, the processing operation ends.
[0074]
On the other hand, if the connection is not normally made in step S1102, after adding 1 to the retry counter in step S1107, it is determined in step S1108 whether the number of retries is 5 or less. If the number of retries is 5 or less, after waiting (waiting) for a predetermined time in step S1109, the process returns to step S1101. If it is determined in step S1108 that the number of retries is not 5 or less, this processing operation ends without performing any processing.
[0075]
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the host computer 104, in which 1200 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that controls the entire host computer 104. A RAM (Random Access Memory) 1201 stores programs and data necessary for the CPU 1200 to perform data processing. Reference numeral 1202 denotes a hard disk (Hard Disk) that stores received data. All jam data is stored here. Reference numeral 1203 denotes a keyboard (Key Board) for the operator to give various instructions. Reference numeral 1204 denotes a display device (CRT Display) for the host computer 104 to output information. 1205 is a serial port for transmitting / receiving data to / from the modem 103.
[0076]
FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing processing of the host computer 104. The processing routine shown in FIG. 13 is executed by the CPU 1200 in accordance with a control program stored in the RAM 1201.
[0077]
Normally, the host computer 104 waits for an incoming signal from the modem 103, and first determines in step S1301 whether there is an incoming signal from the modem 103. If there is an incoming signal from the modem 103, a password check is performed in step S1302, and it is determined in step S1303 whether the check is OK (Check OK). If the check is OK, jam data is received in step S1304. After completion of the data reception, line disconnection processing is performed in step S1305, and jam data is stored in the hard disk 1202 in the next step S1306.
[0078]
After the jam data storage is completed, a diagnosis based on the jam data is performed in step S1307, and in a next step S1308, it is determined whether or not the diagnosis result based on the jam data in step S130 has reached a warning level. If the warning level has been reached, warning information is displayed on the display device 1204 in step S1309 to notify the operator, and the process returns to step S1301. In step S1308, the process returns to step S1301 even when the diagnosis result based on the jam data does not reach the warning level. On the other hand, if the check is not OK in step S1303, line disconnection processing is performed in step S1310, and the process returns to step S1301.
[0079]
Next, the jam diagnosis processing method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, in step S1401, jam data from Assist obtained by the present system is stored in the hard disk 1202, which is a storage device. The jam data at this time is composed of four data of date, time, jam code and counter value in a format as shown in FIG. 15, and is stored in the hard disk 1202 for each model.
[0080]
Next, in step S1402, based on the jam data input in step S1401, an accumulated jam curve having a counter value on the horizontal axis and the cumulative number of jams on the vertical axis as shown in FIG. Create every time. In step S1403, the cumulative jam curve created in step S1402 is filtered using an FIR filter (finite impulse filter) in order to extract and emphasize a specific component of data. FIG. 17 shows the state of processing of the circle when the length of the FIR filter is 5000 sheets. In the figure, if the filter output value at the past 5000 sheets for the point A is A ′ point, the A ′ point is calculated by the following equation (1).
[0081]
D1 * R1 + D2 * R2 + ... + Di * Ri + ... + Dn * Rn (1)
Di is the cumulative number of jams at each point when the filter length is divided into n-1 equal parts, and Ri is the filter output value at each point.
[0082]
A point A ′ is calculated by 100 every right along the cumulative jam curve while calculating A ′ point, and a filter output graph is created with the horizontal axis representing the counter value and the vertical axis representing the filter output value.
[0083]
In step S1404, the filter output graph obtained in step S1403 is subjected to fuzzy processing to calculate the individual risk. This is shown in FIG. In the figure, in order to obtain the individual risk, a membership function is created with the horizontal axis representing the filter value and the vertical axis representing the risk. In this case, the safety value is 0, the danger value is 1, and the degree of danger can be expressed between 0 and 1.
[0084]
This membership function is created for each jam code. An arithmetic process is performed on the filter output graph using this membership function, and an individual risk graph is calculated with the horizontal axis representing the counter value and the vertical axis representing the risk. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the filter value for the counter value Cx is Fx, and the risk is Sx. The processes in steps S1403 and S1404 are performed for FIR filters (3000, 5000, 10000, 20000) having a plurality of lengths, and the individual risk graphs are calculated.
[0085]
Next, in step S1405, as shown in FIG. 19, each individual risk level is weighted and subjected to arithmetic processing to calculate one risk level graph. In the example shown in FIG. 19, the weight is calculated by the following equation (2).
[0086]
Sx = 0.2Sx1 + 0.3Sx2 + 0.3Sx3 + 0.2Sx4 (2)
However, the coefficients (0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 0.2) in the above equation (2) are provisional values, and it is actually necessary to obtain appropriate values based on the operation data.
[0087]
Next, in step S1406, the risk level is determined using the risk level graph shown in FIG. 20 obtained in step S1405. Here, the type of alarm is set to three types of red, yellow, and blue, and determination is performed using each membership function. This is shown in FIG. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the degree of danger and the vertical axis represents the degree of match for each alarm. FIG. 21 shows that when the current risk level is St, the yellow level is Yt and the red level is Rt. If the degree of risk St exceeds a preset “user visit” level, a “user visit” message is output. In step S1407, the risk determination result in step S1406 is displayed on the display device 1204. Then, the processing operation is terminated. At this time, by providing a plurality of thresholds St for risk determination, it is possible to recognize a user who is potentially cautioned.
[0088]
Step S1408 in FIG. 14 indicates that when maintenance of the copying apparatus 100 is performed, it is necessary to change the filter processing after the maintenance. When maintenance of the copying apparatus 100 is performed, calculation is performed using only the filter values that exist after that time. In order to prevent a decrease in the reliability of risk determination due to a decrease in the number of filters, the threshold for risk determination is increased when the number of effective filters is small. The fact that there are generally few failures immediately after the maintenance of the copying apparatus 100 is one of the reasons for performing the processing in step S1408.
[0089]
Further, step S1409 in FIG. 14 indicates that the membership function of the degree of matching is corrected based on the result based on the false / missing report data 1410. This is shown in FIG. (A) of the figure shows a case where there is a false alarm, and (b) shows a case where there is a false alarm. Here, the false alarm means that the copying apparatus 100 is not abnormal when actually visited, even though the determination result of the degree of risk in the step S1406 is “user visit”. In addition, the misreport refers to a case where the user has received a maintenance request even though the “user visit” warning has not yet been issued. The erroneous / missing report data 2210 is inputted from the keyboard of the host computer 104 to the host computer 104 from 1203, and the threshold value is optimized by applying feedback to the risk determination processing in the step S1406. If a false alarm occurs, the membership function is corrected so that the “user visit” is not output unless the risk level is higher. Further, when a misreport occurs, the membership function is corrected so that “user visit” is output at the current risk level. As a result, false / missing reports are reduced, and a more appropriate determination of the jam risk can be made.
[0090]
(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, a membership function is created for each jam code. In this embodiment, a membership function is created for each model of each copying apparatus 100. .
[0091]
In addition, since the other structure and operation | movement in this Embodiment are the same as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0092]
(Third embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, a membership function is created for each jam code, and in the second embodiment, a membership function is created for each model of each copying apparatus 100. However, in this embodiment, a membership function is created for each machine number of each copying apparatus 100.
[0093]
Since other configurations and operations in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, description thereof is omitted.
[0094]
(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a storage medium used in the copying apparatus management apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 23, a storage medium for storing a control program for controlling a copying apparatus management apparatus having a jam diagnosis / prediction function using a host computer includes at least a “jam occurrence detection module” and a “copying operation”. “Number of times detection module”, “Jam information storage module”, “First calculation module”, “Second calculation module”, “Danger level determination module”, “Danger level output module”, “Determination input module”, “Determination” The program code of each module of “process variable module” may be stored.
[0095]
Here, the “jam occurrence detection module” is a program module for detecting a jam occurrence in the copying apparatus 100 that performs copy control. The “copying operation number detection module” is a program module for detecting the number of copying operations of the copying apparatus 100. The “jam information storage module” is a program module for storing a jam code indicating the type of jam that has occurred and the latest value of the number of copying operations. The “first arithmetic module” is a program module for obtaining an accumulated jam curve based on data stored by the jam information storage module. The “second arithmetic module” is a program module for performing FIR filter (finite impulse filter) processing based on the cumulative jam curve obtained by the first arithmetic module and obtaining the FIR filter processing result. The “risk level determination module” is a program module for determining the current risk level from the contents of the FIR filter processing result. The “risk level output module” is a program module for outputting the risk level determined by the risk level determination module. The “determination input module” is a program module for determining and inputting whether or not the output from the risk output module is correct. The “determination process variable module” is a program module for changing the determination process of the risk determination module in response to the determination input from the determination input module. The host computer 104 executes the jam information storage module, the first calculation module, the second calculation module, the risk determination module, and the risk output module.
[0096]
【The invention's effect】
According to the onset bright As described above in detail, because the crisis Kendo determined for each model of the image forming apparatus, detailed risk judgment output is obtained, the effect of the jam prediction can be correctly Play.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a copying system having a copying machine management apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an electric circuit configuration of a copying apparatus in the system.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a software configuration of the copying apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a copy sheet conveyance unit of the copy apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a jam detection processing routine of the copying apparatus.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a jam code in the copying apparatus.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an electric circuit configuration of a communication control device in the system.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a software configuration of the communication control apparatus.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a status monitoring task of the communication control apparatus.
FIG. 10 is a view showing the contents of a jam recording table in the communication control apparatus.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a communication task of the communication control apparatus.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration of a host computer in the system.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart of processing in the host computer.
FIG. 14 is a flowchart of jam diagnosis processing in the host computer.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of jam data in the system.
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a cumulative jam curve in the system.
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a state of filter processing in the system.
FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a state of individual risk calculation processing in the system.
FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a process of weighting individual risks in the system.
FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a risk graph in the system.
FIG. 21 is a diagram showing how risk is determined in the same system.
FIG. 22 is a diagram showing membership function correction in the system.
FIG. 23 is a diagram showing each module of a program stored in the storage medium of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Copy apparatus 101 Communication control apparatus 102 Public line 103 Modem 104 Host computer 200 CPU
201 RAM
202 ROM
203 First I / O
204 Second I / O
205 3rd I / O
300 Real-time monitor 301 Copy paper transport task 302 Sequence control task 303 Communication task 400 Copy paper 401 Motor 402 First sensor 403 Second sensor 700 CPU
701: first RAM
702 ROM
703 First I / O
704 Second RAM
705 Second I / O
706 Modem 800 Real-time monitor 801 Status monitoring task 802 Modem control task 803 Transmission task 1200 CPU
1201 RAM
1202 Hard disk 1203 Keyboard 1204 Display 1205 Serial port

Claims (6)

An image forming apparatus management method, comprising:
A storage step of storing jam information for each model including the number of recorded sheets at the time of occurrence of jam in the image forming apparatus in a storage unit;
Filtering is performed by emphasizing a specific component of the data on the cumulative jam curve indicating the correspondence between the number of recorded sheets and the cumulative number of jams obtained based on the jam information for each model stored in the storing step. A calculation step for obtaining an output graph;
A risk level determining step for determining a risk level related to the occurrence of a jam in the current recording number based on the filter output graph obtained in the calculation step, and the risk level determining step is performed for each model of the image forming apparatus. And a method for managing an image forming apparatus.   The image forming apparatus management method according to claim 1, wherein the risk determination step performs determination according to fuzzy theory using a membership function. Storage means for storing jam information for each model including the number of recorded sheets at the time of occurrence of a jam in the image forming apparatus in a storage unit;
Filtering is performed by emphasizing a specific component of the data on the cumulative jam curve indicating the correspondence between the number of recorded sheets and the cumulative number of jams obtained based on the jam information for each model stored in the storage unit. A computing means for obtaining an output graph;
A risk determination means for determining a risk related to the occurrence of a jam in the current recording number based on the filter output graph obtained by the calculation means;
The image forming apparatus managing apparatus, wherein the risk determining means determines a risk for each model.   The image forming apparatus management apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the risk determination unit performs determination according to fuzzy theory using a membership function. A management system including an image forming apparatus and a management apparatus that manages the image forming apparatus,
The management device
Storage means for storing jam information for each model including the number of recorded sheets at the time of occurrence of a jam in the image forming apparatus in a storage unit;
A filter process for emphasizing a specific component of the data is performed on the cumulative jam curve obtained based on the jam information for each model stored in the storage unit and indicating the correspondence between the number of recorded sheets and the cumulative number of jams. A computing means for obtaining a filter output graph;
Risk level determination means for determining the risk level related to the occurrence of a jam in the current number of recordings based on the filter output graph obtained by the calculation means, and the risk level determination means is a risk level for each model. It is characterized by judging,
The image forming apparatus includes:
Paper transport control means;
And a jam detection means.   The management system according to claim 5, wherein the risk determination means performs determination according to fuzzy theory using a membership function.

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