JP3662418B2 - Support for lithographic printing plate - Google Patents

Support for lithographic printing plate Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3662418B2
JP3662418B2 JP20984698A JP20984698A JP3662418B2 JP 3662418 B2 JP3662418 B2 JP 3662418B2 JP 20984698 A JP20984698 A JP 20984698A JP 20984698 A JP20984698 A JP 20984698A JP 3662418 B2 JP3662418 B2 JP 3662418B2
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Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
lithographic printing
printing plate
roughening treatment
treatment
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JP20984698A
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JP2000037965A (en
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宏和 澤田
博和 榊
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Fujifilm Holdings Corp
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Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は平版印刷版用支持体に関し、特に電気化学的粗面化処理する際の粗面化効率に優れ、かつ粗面化形状が非常に均一な平版印刷版用支持体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、平版印刷版用支持体としてアルミニウム合金板が用いられている。そして、このアルミニウム合金板は、感光層との密着性及び非画像部の保水性を付与するために粗面化処理が施される。粗面化方法としては、従来から、ボールグレインやブラシグレイン等の機械的粗面化法、塩酸や硝酸等を主体とする電解液を用いてアルミニウム合金板の表面を電解エッチングする電気化学的粗面化法、酸溶液によりアルミニウム合金板の表面をエッチングする化学的粗面化法等が知られているが、近年では、電気化学的粗面化法により得られた粗面はピット(凹凸)が均質で、印刷性能に優れることから、この電気化学的粗面化法と他の粗面化方法とを組合わせて粗面化することが主流になってきている。
【0003】
それに伴い、電気化学的粗面化処理に際して、電解エッチングの効率を上げて粗面化処理コストを低減する試みがなされており、アルミニウム合金板の合金組成に関する検討も行われている。
例えば、特開平9−316582号公報には、Fe:0.2〜0.6wt%、Si:0.03〜0.1wt%及びZn:0.04〜0.10wt%を含み、かつ濃度比(Zn/Fe)が0.2以上であるアルミニウム合金板が、また特開平9−279272号公報には、Fe:0.2〜0.6wt%、Si:0.03〜0.15wt%、Ti:0.005〜0.05wt%及びNi:0.005〜0.20wt%を含み、かつこれら金属とアルミニウムとの金属間化合物が特定量となるアルミニウム合金板が、また特開平9−272937号公報には、Fe:0.2〜0.6wt%、Si:0.03〜0.15wt%、Ti:0.005〜0.05wt%及びNi:0.005〜0.20wt%を含み、更にCu、Zn:0.005〜0.05wt%、In、Sn、Pb:0.001〜0.020wt%含むアルミニウム合金板が、また特開平9−289274号公報には、Fe:0.2〜0.6wt%、Si:0.03〜0.15wt%、Ti:0.005〜0.05wt%,Ni:0.005〜0.20wt%、Ga:0.005〜0.05wt%及びV:0.005〜0.020wt%含み、かつ濃度比(Ti+Ga)/Vが15以下であるアルミニウム合金板が記載されている。
これらの公報に記載されたアルミニウム合金板は、アルミニウムマトリクスと金属間化合物との間の電位差を調整する作用を有する特定の金属(Zn、Ni、In、Sn、Pb、Ti、V、Ga)を添加することにより、短時間の電解エッチングにもかかわらず、均一なピットを形成することを意図したものである。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記に挙げたような従来のアルミニウム合金板は、添加される特定金属の必要量が多く(ppm換算で数十〜数千の範囲)、コスト高を招くとともに、他の成分との兼ね合いによってはアルミニウム純度が下がり過ぎて、平版印刷版とした時の印刷機の版胴への装着性や密着性が悪くなる。
【0005】
本発明はこのような状況に鑑みてなされたものであり、電気化学的粗面化処理における粗面化効率に優れ、かつピットが均一であり、さらに平版印刷版とした時の印刷機への装着性や密着性にも優れた安価な平版印刷版用支持体を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、特定の金属はその添加量が極く僅かであっても電気化学的粗面化処理においてアルミニウム合金板の電解エッチングを促進することを見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。即ち、上記の目的は、本発明の、Fe:0.05〜0.5wt%、Si:0.03〜0.15wt%、Cu:0.006〜0.03wt%、Ti:0.010〜0.040wt%、及びLi,Na,K,Rb,Cs,Ca,Sr,Ba,Sc,Y,Nb,Ta,Mo,W,Tc,Re,Ru,Os,Co,Rh,Ir,Pd,Pt,Ag,Au,C,Ge,P,As,S,Se,Te,Poから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を1〜100ppm含有し、残部が不可避不純物とAlとからなり、かつAl純度が99.0wt%以上である板材の表面を、電気化学的粗面化を含む粗面化処理を施してなることを特徴とする平版印刷版用支持体により達成される。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明の平版印刷版用支持体において、Feは0.05〜0.5wt%が添加される。Feは、アルミニウム合金中で他の元素と結合してAl−Fe系の共晶化合物を形成する元素である。このAl−Fe系の共晶化合物は、再結晶粒を微細化するとともに、均一な電解粗面を形成する効果があるため、Feの含有量が0.05wt%未満ではこの効果が得られず、電解不足によりピットの均一性が低下する。一方、Fe含有量が0.5wt%を越えると、粗大化合物が形成されて電解粗面化面が不均一になる。
また、支持体とした時の強度を重視する場合には、Feの含有量を0.2〜0.4wt%とすることが望ましい。Feは上記の効果の他にアルミニウム合金の機械的強度を高める効果があり、従って含有量が0.2wt%未満では、機械的強度が低く過ぎて平版印刷版として印刷機の版胴に取り付ける際に、版切れを起こしやすくなる。一方、含有量が0.4wt%を越えると、必要以上の高強度となり、平版印刷版として印刷機の版胴に取り付ける際にフィットネス性が劣るようになり、印刷中に版切れを起こしやすくなるので望ましくない。但し、校正刷り用途に使う印刷版の場合は、これらフィットネス性や強度に関する制約は重要でなくなる。
【0008】
Siは原材料であるAl地金に不可避不純物として含有されているため、原材料差によるバラツキを防ぐため、意図的に微量添加されることが多い。その際、含有量が0.15wt%を越えると印刷した際に、非画像部が汚れやすくなるという不具合がある。一方、原材料によっては既に0.03wt%以上の含有量を持つ場合があるため、これ未満の数値は現実的でない。また、SiはAl−Fe−Si系金属化合物を形成して電解粗面を均一化する効果があり、従って含有量が0.03wt%未満では、この効果が得られない。更に、含有量として0.03wt%未満を維持するためには、高価な高純度Al地金を必要とするためこの点からも現実的でない。
従って、Siの含有量は0.03〜0.15wt%、好ましくは0.04〜0.10wt%とする。
【0009】
Cuは電気化学的粗面化を制御する上で非常に重要な元素である。従って、含有量が0.006wt%未満では、電気化学的にピットを形成する際の表面酸化皮膜の抵抗が過小となるため、均一なピットが形成されない。一方、含有量が0.03wt%を越えると、逆にピットを形成する際の表面酸化皮膜の抵抗が過大となるため、粗大なピットが生成されやすくなる。このピット生成の均一さは、優れた印刷適性を得るために不可欠な項目である。
従って、Cuの含有量は0.006〜0.03wt%、好ましくは0.01〜0.02wt%とする。
【0010】
Tiは、従来より鋳造時の結晶組織を微細にするために添加される。本発明では0.010〜0.040wt%、好ましくは0.020〜0.030wt%がAl−Ti合金の形で、あるいはAl−B−Ti合金の形で添加される。添加量が0.040wt%を越える場合には、電気化学的粗面化処理においてピットを形成する際の表面酸化皮膜の抵抗が過小となるため、均一なピットが形成されなくなるという不具合が生じる。一方、添加量が0.010wt%未満では、鋳造組織が微細化されないために、種々の工程を経て0.1〜0.5mmの厚みに仕上げた後も、粗大な鋳造組織の痕跡が残こり、外観に著しい不良を生じるという不具合がある。
【0011】
本発明においては、上記の成分に加えて、Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs,Ca,Sr,Ba,Sc,Y,Nb,Ta,Mo,W,Tc,Re,Ru,Os,Co,Rh,Ir,Pd,Pt,Ag,Au,C,Ge,P,As,S,Se,Te,Poから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を微量添加することを特徴とする。これらの元素は、電気化学的粗面化処理において、電解エッチングを促進し、ピットの均一性を向上させる効果が有り、しかも極く少量でその効果を発現する。添加量としては、少なくとも1ppm添加すれば十分である。また、必要以上の添加は、経済性の観点から望ましくなく、上限としては100ppm以下である。従って、平版印刷版用支持体として要求される機械的強度や柔軟性等の物理特性に何ら影響を与えることはない。尚、上記添加量は、複数種併用する場合にはそれらの合計である。
また、これらの元素の添加方法としては、Al地金を溶融して所定の合金成分に調合した上で鋳造する際に、原材料として添加する方法、あるいは電気化学的粗面化処理工程での処理液に添加する方法、あるいは電気化学的粗面化処理工程より上流の工程で添加する方法が採用できる。
【0012】
上記に挙げた各成分以外は、不可避不純物とアルミニウムであるが、本発明においてはアルミニウム合金のアルミニウム純度が99.0wt%以上である必要がある。
アルミニウム合金の機械的強度はアルミニウム純度に依存し、通常アルミニウム純度が低いとアルミニウム合金の柔軟性は低くなる。従って、上記に挙げた成分の含有量が高くなり過ぎると、平版印刷版用支持体とした時の印刷機への装着性が悪くなる等の不具合が生じるようになる。
【0013】
上記のアルミニウム合金を板材とするには、例えば下記の方法が採用できる。先ず、所定の合金成分に調整したアルミニウム合金溶湯を常法に従い清浄化処理を施し、鋳造する。清浄化処理には、溶湯中の水素などの不要なガスを除去するために、フラックス処理、Arガス、Clガス等を使った脱ガス処理や、セラミックチューブフィルタ、セラミックフォームフィルタ、等のいわゆるリジッドメディアフィルターや、アルミナフレーク、アルミナボール等を濾材とするフィルタや、グラスクロスフィルター等を使ったフィルタリング。あるいは、脱ガスとフィルタリングを組み合わせた処理が行われる。
【0014】
次いで、上記溶湯を鋳造する。鋳造方法に関しては、DC鋳造法に代表される、固定鋳型を用いる方法と、連続鋳造法に代表される、駆動鋳型を用いる方法とがあり、何れの方法も可能である。
例えばDC鋳造を行った場合、板厚300〜800mmの鋳塊が製造できる。その鋳塊は、常法に従い、面削により表層の1〜30mm、望ましくは、1〜10mmが切削される。その後、必要に応じて、均熱化処理が行われる。均熱化処理を行う場合、金属間化合物が粗大化してしまわないように、450〜620℃で1時間以上、48時間以下の熱処理が施される。1時間より短い場合は、均熱化処理の効果が不十分となる。次いで、熱間圧延、冷間圧延を行って、アルミニウム圧延板とする。熱間圧延の開始温度としては、350〜500℃の範囲とする。冷間圧延の、前、または後、またはその途中において中間焼鈍処理を施しても良い。この場合の中間焼鈍条件は、バッチ式焼鈍炉を用いて280℃〜600℃で2〜20時間、望ましくは、350〜500℃で2〜10時間加熱する方法や、連続焼鈍炉を用いて400〜600℃で360秒以下、望ましくは、450〜550℃で120秒以下の加熱処理が採用できる。連続焼鈍炉を使って、10℃/秒以上の昇温速度で加熱すると、結晶組織を細かくすることもできる。
上記の如く所定の厚さ、例えば0.1〜0.5mmに仕上げられたアルミニウム合金板は、更にローラレベラ、テンションレベラ等の矯正装置によって平面性を改善しても良い。また、板巾を所定の巾に加工するため、スリッタラインを通すことも通常行われる。
【0015】
このようにして作られたアルミニウム合金板は、次いで平版印刷版用支持体とするために粗面化処理が施される。上述したように、本発明のアルミニウム合金板は電気化学的粗面化処理に適しており、従って、粗面化処理として電気化学的粗面化処理と、機械的粗面化処理及び/または化学的粗面化処理とを適宜組み合わせることが好ましい。
電気化学的粗面化処理は、アルミニウム合金板の表面に微細な凹凸を付与することが容易であるため、印刷性の優れた平版印刷版を作るのに適している。
この電気化学的粗面化処理は、硝酸または塩酸を主体とする水溶液中で、直流又は交流を用いて行われる。この粗面化により、平均直径約0.5〜20μmのクレーターまたはハニカム状のピットをアルミニウム表面に30〜100%の面積率で生成することが出来る。ここで設けたピットは、印刷版の非画像部の汚れ難さと耐刷力を向上する作用がある。また、電気化学的粗面化処理では、十分なピットを表面に設けるために必要なだけの電気量、即ち電流と通電時間との積が電気化学的粗面化における重要な条件となる。より少ない電気量で十分なピットを形成出来ることは、省エネの観点からも望ましい。
本発明においては、この電気化学的粗面化処理の諸条件は特に限定されるものではなく、一般的な条件で行うことができるが、何れの場合も、所要電気量を大幅に削減することができる。
【0016】
これと組み合わされる機械的粗面化処理は、アルミニウム合金板表面を、一般的には平均表面粗さ0.35〜1.0μmとする目的で行われる。本発明においては、この機械的粗面化処理の諸条件は特に制限されるものではないが、例えば特開平6−135175号公報、特公昭50−40047号公報に記載されている方法に従って行うことができる。
また、化学的粗面化処理も特に制限されるものではなく、公知の方法に従うことができる。
【0017】
上記の粗面化処理に引き続き、通常はアルミニウム合金板の表面の耐磨耗性を高めるために陽極酸化処理が施されるが、本発明においても陽極酸化処理を施すことが好ましい。
この陽極酸化処理に用いられる電解質としては多孔質酸化皮膜を形成するものならば、いかなるものでも使用することができる。一般には硫酸、リン酸、シュウ酸、クロム酸、またはそれらの混合液が用いられる。それらの電解質の濃度は電解質の種類によって適宜決められる。陽極酸化の処理条件は用いる電解質によって変わるので一概に特定し得ないが、一般的には電解質の濃度が1〜80wt%、液温は5〜70℃、電流密度1〜60A/dm2、電圧1〜100V、電解時間10秒〜300秒の範囲にあれば適当である。
【0018】
また、印刷時の汚れ性能を向上するため、電気化学的粗面化処理及び水洗を行った後、アルカリ溶液で軽度のエッチング処理を行ってから水洗しH2SO4溶液でデスマットを行った後水洗し、引き続きH2SO4溶液中で直流電解を行って陽極酸化皮膜を設けてもよい。
更に、必要に応じて、シリケート等による親水化処理を施してもよい。
【0019】
以上のようにして本発明の平版印刷版用支持体が得られるが、この支持体はピットの均一性が高く、印刷性能に優れた平版印刷版が得られる。平版印刷版とするには、表面に感光材を塗布・乾燥して感光層を形成すればよい。尚、感光材は特に限定されるものではなく、通常、感光性平版印刷版に用いられているものを使用できる。そして、リスフィルムを用いて画像を焼き付け・現像処理、ガム引き処理を行うことで、印刷機に取り付け可能な印刷版とすることができる。また、高感度な感光層を設けると、レーザを使って画像を直接焼き付けることも出来る。
【0020】
【実施例】
表1に示す組成のアルミニウム合金をべースに使い、これに表2に示す如く各種元素を添加して実施例及び比較例のアルミニウム合金板を作成した。そして、各アルミニウム合金板について、以下の粗面化処理を施した。
先ず、NaOH溶液でエッチング処理を行い、水洗後HNO3溶液でデスマット処理を行い、更に水洗後HNO3溶液中で、交流電解を行うことで電気化学的粗面化処理を行った。水洗後、電気化学的粗面化処理で生じたスマットを除去するために、H2SO4溶液でデスマットを行った。
【0021】
ここで各実施例、比較例について全面に均一なピットができるのに要する電気量を調べて評価した。また、その時のピットの均一性も合わせて評価した。ピットが全面に出来る電気量を調べるために、電気量条件を変えて電気化学的粗面化処理を行った後、SEMを使って表面を観察し、ピットが全面に形成できた電気量を決定した。ピットの均一性は粗面をSEM観察して判定した。結果を表2に示した。尚、電気量は比較例−1を1とした相対値である。
【0022】
【表1】

Figure 0003662418
【0023】
【表2】
Figure 0003662418
【0024】
表2に示す通り、実施例のアルミニウム合金板は特定の元素を加えたことで、電気化学的粗面化処理の効率が約1割向上し、かつピットの均一性が一層優れた平版印刷版用支持体にすることが出来る。
【0025】
以上の実施例では、粗面化処理として、電気化学的粗面化処理のみを行った例を示したが、本発明は上記の例には限定されず、例えば機械的粗面化処理や化学的粗面化処理を電気化学的粗面化処理と組み合わせても同様な効果が得られることはいうまでもない。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、特定の元素を加えたことで、電気化学的粗面化処理の効率が約1割向上し、かつピットの均一性が一層優れた平版印刷版用支持体が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a support for a lithographic printing plate, and more particularly to a support for a lithographic printing plate that is excellent in roughening efficiency during electrochemical roughening and has a very uniform roughened shape.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an aluminum alloy plate has been used as a support for a lithographic printing plate. The aluminum alloy plate is then subjected to a roughening treatment in order to provide adhesion to the photosensitive layer and water retention of the non-image area. Conventional roughening methods include mechanical roughening methods such as ball grains and brush grains, and electrochemical roughening in which the surface of an aluminum alloy plate is electrolytically etched using an electrolyte mainly composed of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, or the like. There are known surface roughening methods and chemical surface roughening methods that etch the surface of aluminum alloy plates with an acid solution. However, in recent years, rough surfaces obtained by electrochemical surface roughening methods have pits (irregularities). Is uniform and excellent in printing performance, it has become a mainstream to roughen the surface by combining this electrochemical roughening method with another roughening method.
[0003]
Along with this, attempts have been made to increase the efficiency of electrolytic etching and reduce the cost of the roughening treatment during the electrochemical roughening treatment, and studies on the alloy composition of the aluminum alloy plate have also been conducted.
For example, JP-A-9-316582 includes Fe: 0.2 to 0.6 wt%, Si: 0.03 to 0.1 wt%, and Zn: 0.04 to 0.10 wt%, and a concentration ratio An aluminum alloy plate having (Zn / Fe) of 0.2 or more is disclosed in JP-A-9-279272 as Fe: 0.2 to 0.6 wt%, Si: 0.03 to 0.15 wt%, An aluminum alloy plate containing Ti: 0.005 to 0.05 wt% and Ni: 0.005 to 0.20 wt%, and having a specific amount of an intermetallic compound of these metals and aluminum is also disclosed in JP-A-9-272937. The publication includes Fe: 0.2-0.6 wt%, Si: 0.03-0.15 wt%, Ti: 0.005-0.05 wt% and Ni: 0.005-0.20 wt% Cu, Zn: 0.005 to 0.05 wt%, In, Sn, Pb: 0. An aluminum alloy plate containing 01 to 0.020 wt% is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-289274. Fe: 0.2 to 0.6 wt%, Si: 0.03 to 0.15 wt%, Ti: 0.005 -0.05 wt%, Ni: 0.005-0.20 wt%, Ga: 0.005-0.05 wt% and V: 0.005-0.020 wt%, and the concentration ratio (Ti + Ga) / V is 15 The following aluminum alloy plates are described.
The aluminum alloy plates described in these publications contain specific metals (Zn, Ni, In, Sn, Pb, Ti, V, Ga) having an action of adjusting a potential difference between the aluminum matrix and the intermetallic compound. The addition is intended to form uniform pits despite short-time electrolytic etching.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional aluminum alloy sheet as described above requires a large amount of the specific metal to be added (in the range of several tens to several thousand in terms of ppm), which increases the cost and balances with other components. Depending on the case, the aluminum purity is too low, and the mounting property and the adhesion to the plate cylinder of the printing press when making a lithographic printing plate deteriorate.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and is excellent in surface roughening efficiency in electrochemical surface roughening treatment, has uniform pits, and is applied to a printing press when a lithographic printing plate is obtained. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive lithographic printing plate support having excellent mounting properties and adhesion.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have conducted electrolytic etching of an aluminum alloy plate in an electrochemical surface roughening treatment even if the addition amount of a specific metal is very small. It has been found to promote and the present invention has been completed. That is, the above-mentioned object is that of the present invention: Fe: 0.05 to 0.5 wt%, Si: 0.03 to 0.15 wt%, Cu: 0.006 to 0.03 wt%, Ti: 0.010 0.040 wt%, and Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Tc, Re, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Pd, It contains 1 to 100 ppm of at least one element selected from Pt, Ag, Au, C, Ge, P, As, S, Se, Te, and Po, the balance is composed of inevitable impurities and Al, and Al purity is This is achieved by a lithographic printing plate support characterized in that the surface of a plate material of 99.0 wt% or more is subjected to a roughening treatment including electrochemical roughening.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the lithographic printing plate support of the present invention, Fe is added in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 wt%. Fe is an element that combines with other elements in an aluminum alloy to form an Al—Fe-based eutectic compound. This Al-Fe-based eutectic compound has the effect of refining recrystallized grains and forming a uniform electrolytic rough surface, so this effect cannot be obtained if the Fe content is less than 0.05 wt%. The uniformity of pits decreases due to insufficient electrolysis. On the other hand, when the Fe content exceeds 0.5 wt%, a coarse compound is formed and the electrolytic roughened surface becomes non-uniform.
Further, when the strength when used as a support is emphasized, the Fe content is desirably 0.2 to 0.4 wt%. In addition to the above effects, Fe has the effect of increasing the mechanical strength of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, when the content is less than 0.2 wt%, the mechanical strength is too low and is attached to the plate cylinder of a printing press as a lithographic printing plate. In addition, it becomes easy to cause out of print. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.4 wt%, the strength becomes higher than necessary, and the fitness becomes inferior when attached to the plate cylinder of a printing press as a lithographic printing plate, and it is easy to cause plate breakage during printing. So undesirable. However, in the case of a printing plate used for proof printing, these restrictions on fitness and strength are not important.
[0008]
Since Si is contained as an inevitable impurity in the Al ingot, which is a raw material, it is often intentionally added in a small amount in order to prevent variation due to differences in raw materials. In this case, if the content exceeds 0.15 wt%, there is a problem that the non-image area is easily stained when printed. On the other hand, some raw materials may already have a content of 0.03 wt% or more, so a value less than this is not realistic. Further, Si has an effect of forming an Al—Fe—Si-based metal compound to make the electrolytic rough surface uniform, and therefore this effect cannot be obtained when the content is less than 0.03 wt%. Further, in order to maintain the content of less than 0.03 wt%, an expensive high-purity Al metal is required, which is not realistic from this point.
Therefore, the Si content is 0.03 to 0.15 wt%, preferably 0.04 to 0.10 wt%.
[0009]
Cu is a very important element in controlling electrochemical roughening. Therefore, if the content is less than 0.006 wt%, the resistance of the surface oxide film when forming pits electrochemically becomes too small, so uniform pits are not formed. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.03 wt%, the resistance of the surface oxide film at the time of forming pits becomes excessive, so that coarse pits are easily generated. This uniformity of pit generation is an indispensable item for obtaining excellent printability.
Therefore, the Cu content is 0.006 to 0.03 wt%, preferably 0.01 to 0.02 wt%.
[0010]
Ti is conventionally added to make the crystal structure during casting finer. In the present invention, 0.010 to 0.040 wt%, preferably 0.020 to 0.030 wt% is added in the form of an Al-Ti alloy or in the form of an Al-B-Ti alloy. When the addition amount exceeds 0.040 wt%, the resistance of the surface oxide film at the time of forming pits in the electrochemical surface roughening treatment becomes too small, so that there is a problem that uniform pits cannot be formed. On the other hand, if the addition amount is less than 0.010 wt%, the cast structure is not refined, so that after various processes, the trace of the coarse cast structure remains even after finishing to a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm. , There is a problem that a remarkable defect is caused in the appearance.
[0011]
In the present invention, in addition to the above components, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Tc, Re, Ru, Os, Co, A small amount of at least one element selected from Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Ag, Au, C, Ge, P, As, S, Se, Te, and Po is added. These elements have the effect of accelerating electrolytic etching and improving the uniformity of the pits in the electrochemical surface roughening treatment, and exhibit the effect in a very small amount. As an addition amount, it is sufficient to add at least 1 ppm. Moreover, addition beyond necessity is not desirable from the viewpoint of economy, and the upper limit is 100 ppm or less. Therefore, the physical properties such as mechanical strength and flexibility required for the lithographic printing plate support are not affected at all. In addition, the said addition amount is those total, when using together multiple types.
In addition, as a method for adding these elements, a method of adding as a raw material when casting an Al ingot after melting and preparing it into a predetermined alloy component, or a process in an electrochemical surface roughening process A method of adding to the liquid or a method of adding in a step upstream of the electrochemical surface roughening treatment step can be employed.
[0012]
In addition to the components listed above, inevitable impurities and aluminum are used, but in the present invention, the aluminum purity of the aluminum alloy needs to be 99.0 wt% or more.
The mechanical strength of the aluminum alloy depends on the aluminum purity. Usually, when the aluminum purity is low, the flexibility of the aluminum alloy becomes low. Therefore, if the content of the above-mentioned components becomes too high, problems such as poor mounting on a printing press when used as a lithographic printing plate support are caused.
[0013]
In order to use the above aluminum alloy as a plate material, for example, the following method can be employed. First, a molten aluminum alloy adjusted to a predetermined alloy component is subjected to a cleaning process according to a conventional method and cast. In the cleaning process, in order to remove unnecessary gas such as hydrogen in the molten metal, flux treatment, degassing process using Ar gas, Cl gas, etc., so-called rigid such as ceramic tube filter, ceramic foam filter, etc. Filtering using media filters, filters using alumina flakes, alumina balls, etc., glass cloth filters, etc. Or the process which combined degassing and filtering is performed.
[0014]
Next, the molten metal is cast. As for the casting method, there are a method using a fixed mold represented by a DC casting method and a method using a driving mold represented by a continuous casting method, and any method is possible.
For example, when DC casting is performed, an ingot having a thickness of 300 to 800 mm can be manufactured. The ingot is cut in a surface layer of 1 to 30 mm, preferably 1 to 10 mm by chamfering according to a conventional method. Thereafter, soaking treatment is performed as necessary. When performing the soaking process, heat treatment is performed at 450 to 620 ° C. for 1 hour or more and 48 hours or less so that the intermetallic compound does not become coarse. When it is shorter than 1 hour, the effect of the soaking treatment is insufficient. Next, hot rolling and cold rolling are performed to obtain an aluminum rolled sheet. The hot rolling start temperature is in the range of 350 to 500 ° C. Intermediate annealing may be performed before, after, or during the cold rolling. The intermediate annealing conditions in this case are a method of heating at 280 ° C. to 600 ° C. for 2 to 20 hours using a batch type annealing furnace, preferably 2 to 10 hours at 350 to 500 ° C., or 400 using a continuous annealing furnace. A heat treatment at ˜600 ° C. for 360 seconds or shorter, desirably 450-550 ° C. for 120 seconds or shorter can be employed. When heated using a continuous annealing furnace at a heating rate of 10 ° C./second or more, the crystal structure can be made finer.
The aluminum alloy plate finished to a predetermined thickness, for example, 0.1 to 0.5 mm as described above, may be further improved in flatness by a correction device such as a roller leveler or a tension leveler. Further, in order to process the plate width to a predetermined width, a slitter line is usually passed.
[0015]
The aluminum alloy plate thus produced is then subjected to a surface roughening treatment for use as a lithographic printing plate support. As described above, the aluminum alloy plate of the present invention is suitable for electrochemical surface roughening treatment, and therefore, as the surface roughening treatment, electrochemical surface roughening treatment, mechanical surface roughening treatment and / or chemical surface treatment are performed. It is preferable to appropriately combine the roughening treatment.
The electrochemical roughening treatment is suitable for making a lithographic printing plate having excellent printability because it is easy to impart fine irregularities to the surface of the aluminum alloy plate.
This electrochemical surface roughening treatment is performed using direct current or alternating current in an aqueous solution mainly composed of nitric acid or hydrochloric acid. By this roughening, craters or honeycomb-like pits having an average diameter of about 0.5 to 20 μm can be generated on the aluminum surface at an area ratio of 30 to 100%. The pits provided here have the effect of improving stain resistance and printing durability of non-image portions of the printing plate. In the electrochemical surface roughening treatment, an amount of electricity necessary for providing sufficient pits on the surface, that is, the product of the current and the energization time is an important condition in the electrochemical surface roughening. From the viewpoint of energy saving, it is desirable that sufficient pits can be formed with a smaller amount of electricity.
In the present invention, the conditions for this electrochemical surface roughening treatment are not particularly limited and can be performed under general conditions. In either case, the required amount of electricity can be greatly reduced. Can do.
[0016]
The mechanical roughening treatment combined with this is performed for the purpose of generally setting the surface of the aluminum alloy plate to an average surface roughness of 0.35 to 1.0 μm. In the present invention, the conditions for this mechanical surface roughening treatment are not particularly limited, but for example, the conditions described in JP-A-6-135175 and JP-B-50-40047 are carried out. Can do.
Further, the chemical surface roughening treatment is not particularly limited, and a known method can be followed.
[0017]
Subsequent to the roughening treatment, an anodizing treatment is usually performed in order to improve the wear resistance of the surface of the aluminum alloy plate. In the present invention, the anodizing treatment is preferably performed.
Any electrolyte that forms a porous oxide film can be used as the electrolyte used in the anodizing treatment. In general, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, chromic acid, or a mixture thereof is used. The concentration of these electrolytes is appropriately determined depending on the type of electrolyte. Since the anodizing treatment conditions vary depending on the electrolyte used, it cannot be generally specified. However, in general, the concentration of the electrolyte is 1 to 80 wt%, the liquid temperature is 5 to 70 ° C., the current density is 1 to 60 A / dm 2 , and the voltage. It is appropriate if it is in the range of 1 to 100 V and electrolysis time of 10 seconds to 300 seconds.
[0018]
In order to improve the stain performance during printing, after performing an electrochemical roughening treatment and washing with water, after performing a slight etching treatment with an alkaline solution and then washing with water and desmutting with an H 2 SO 4 solution It may be washed with water and subsequently subjected to direct current electrolysis in an H 2 SO 4 solution to provide an anodized film.
Furthermore, you may perform the hydrophilic treatment by a silicate etc. as needed.
[0019]
As described above, the lithographic printing plate support of the present invention can be obtained. This support can provide a lithographic printing plate having high pit uniformity and excellent printing performance. In order to obtain a lithographic printing plate, a photosensitive layer may be formed by applying and drying a photosensitive material on the surface. The photosensitive material is not particularly limited, and those usually used for photosensitive lithographic printing plates can be used. Then, a printing plate that can be attached to a printing press can be obtained by printing, developing, and gumming the image using a lith film. In addition, when a highly sensitive photosensitive layer is provided, an image can be directly printed using a laser.
[0020]
【Example】
An aluminum alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 was used as a base, and various elements were added thereto as shown in Table 2 to prepare aluminum alloy plates of Examples and Comparative Examples. And the following roughening process was performed about each aluminum alloy plate.
First, the etching treatment with NaOH solution, and desmutting treatment with HNO 3 solution was washed with water, further washed with water HNO 3 solution to conduct the electrochemical surface roughening treatment by performing alternating current electrolysis. After washing with water, desmutting was performed with an H 2 SO 4 solution in order to remove smut generated by the electrochemical surface roughening treatment.
[0021]
Here, for each of the examples and comparative examples, the amount of electricity required to form uniform pits on the entire surface was examined and evaluated. The uniformity of the pits at that time was also evaluated. In order to investigate the amount of electricity that can be formed on the entire surface of the pit, the surface of the surface is observed using an SEM after changing the amount of electricity and electrochemical surface roughening is performed to determine the amount of electricity that can be formed on the entire surface of the pit. did. The uniformity of the pits was determined by observing the rough surface with an SEM. The results are shown in Table 2. The amount of electricity is a relative value with Comparative Example-1 as 1.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003662418
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003662418
[0024]
As shown in Table 2, the aluminum alloy plate of the example is a lithographic printing plate in which the efficiency of the electrochemical surface roughening treatment is improved by about 10% and the pit uniformity is further improved by adding a specific element. It can be used as a support.
[0025]
In the above embodiment, an example in which only the electrochemical surface roughening treatment is performed as the surface roughening treatment has been shown. However, the present invention is not limited to the above example, and for example, mechanical surface roughening treatment or chemical Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained by combining the roughening treatment with the electrochemical roughening treatment.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by adding a specific element, the efficiency of the electrochemical roughening treatment is improved by about 10% and the pit uniformity is further improved. A support is obtained.

Claims (1)

Fe:0.05〜0.5wt%、Si:0.03〜0.15wt%、Cu:0.006〜0.03wt%、Ti:0.010〜0.040wt%、及びLi,Na,K,Rb,Cs,Ca,Sr,Ba,Sc,Y,Nb,Ta,Mo,W,Tc,Re,Ru,Os,Co,Rh,Ir,Pd,Pt,Ag,Au,C,Ge,P,As,S,Se,Te,Poから選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を1〜100ppm含有し、残部が不可避不純物とAlとからなり、かつAl純度が99.0wt%以上である板材の表面を、電気化学的粗面化を含む粗面化処理を施してなることを特徴とする平版印刷版用支持体。Fe: 0.05 to 0.5 wt%, Si: 0.03 to 0.15 wt%, Cu: 0.006 to 0.03 wt%, Ti: 0.010 to 0.040 wt%, and Li, Na, K , Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Tc, Re, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Ag, Au, C, Ge, P , As, S, Se, Te, Po containing at least one element selected from 1 to 100 ppm, the balance of inevitable impurities and Al, and the surface of the plate having an Al purity of 99.0 wt% or more A support for a lithographic printing plate, which is subjected to a roughening treatment including electrochemical roughening.
JP20984698A 1998-07-24 1998-07-24 Support for lithographic printing plate Expired - Fee Related JP3662418B2 (en)

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US6568325B2 (en) 2000-03-28 2003-05-27 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Supports for lithographic printing plates
US7063935B2 (en) 2002-03-26 2006-06-20 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Support for lithographic printing plate and presensitized plate and method of producing lithographic printing plate
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