JP3660769B2 - Air membrane structure - Google Patents

Air membrane structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3660769B2
JP3660769B2 JP30639496A JP30639496A JP3660769B2 JP 3660769 B2 JP3660769 B2 JP 3660769B2 JP 30639496 A JP30639496 A JP 30639496A JP 30639496 A JP30639496 A JP 30639496A JP 3660769 B2 JP3660769 B2 JP 3660769B2
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Prior art keywords
air
membrane
snow
film
blower
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JPH10148045A (en
Inventor
哉 芝池
宏 青柳
勇 雑賀
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Teijin Techno Products Ltd
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Teijin Techno Products Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、船舶の修理や塗装などの工事現場、建築工事現場、仮設展示場、球技場などの作業空間全体を覆って、降雪時でも作業が出来るようにすための軽量な空気膜構造体に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、屋外における作業は、雨天や降雪の際は作業を中止し、降雨、降雪が止むのを待って作業の続行を行っている。しかしながら、このような降雨、降雪などの天気に左右されずに、効率的に仕事が行なえるように大型の屋根状膜構造体が提案されている。たとえぱ、このような雨天或いは降雪時の作業空間を確保する方法として、パイプ材などからなる骨組みをシートで覆う構造のものがあるが、大型になるとパイプ材などの重量が増大して運搬、設営、解体に費やす労力が非常に大きくなるという問題がある。
【0003】
この問題を解決する方法として、送風機等により空気膜構造体内に空気を注入して屋根状形状とし、作業空間を確保する空気膜構造体がある。しかしながら、この空気膜構造体の場合、降雨には対応できるが、大量の積雪があった場合には雪の重量で空気膜構造体が押し潰され、作業空間が確保できなくなる、という問題を有している。
【0004】
そこで、このような欠点を克服するために、特開昭52−152613号公報には、空気膜構造体の屋根に散水管を取り付けて、散水により積雪を除去する方法が提案されている。しかしながら、この方法では大量の水が必要であること、及び厳寒時には配管が凍結してしまうといった問題がある。更には、配管等を空気膜構造体に取り付ける必要があるため、設営、解体に時間を要するという欠点がある。
【0005】
また、特開昭56−102205号公報には、気密性を有する膜体の内側に保温室を設け、該保温室へ温風を供給することにより膜体自体を加熱し、膜体外側の積雪を融かす方法が提案されている。しかしながら、この方法では加熱された膜体からの熱伝導によってのみ膜体外側の雪に熱を伝えて融雪を行っているため、効率が悪く、大雪に対しては融雪効果が殆どない、という問題を有している。また、保温室を構成する側部壁、下部壁をそれぞれ別パーツとしているため、構成が複雑であって、しかも、温風を供給するダクトを空気膜構造体自体に取り付ける必要があるため空気膜構造体の重量が増すという欠点も有している。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上述のような問題に鑑み、設営、解体、運搬が容易であり、かつ有効に空気膜構造体上の積雪を除去することができる、融雪機能を備えた軽量な空気膜構造体を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
ここに、本発明によれば、少なくとも内側膜体、外側膜体、及び該内側膜体と外側膜体とをつなぐリブ状ホホズエ膜により形成される空気室を有し、該リブ状ホホズエ膜に空気が流通するための開口部を設け、該空気室への加圧気体の注入により屋根状の立体形状となる空気膜構造体において、
前記の内側膜体は重量30〜200g/m2であって、通気度が実質的に0cc/sec・cm2の膜体であり、前記の外側膜体は重量30〜200g/m2であって、かつ通気度が0.01〜0.3cc/sec・cm2の膜体であることを特徴とする空気膜構造体が提供される。
【0008】
このとき、積雪時の空気膜構造体上の積雪を融かすために、前記の空気室内へ加熱空気を加圧注入する送風機、及び該空気室内へ注入する空気の加熱ヒータが着脱自在に付設された空気膜構造体とすることが好ましい。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以上に述べた本発明の実施の形態について、以下に図面を参照しながら、その作用と共に詳細に説明する。
【0010】
図1は、本発明の積雪時においても使用可能な空気膜構造体を例示した一部に断面を含む斜視図である。
該図において、1は空気膜構造体の本体(以下、「本体」という。)、2は外側膜体、3は内側膜体、4はリブ状ホホヅエ膜であって、これらによって空気室が形成され、この空気室に加圧注入された空気によって屋根状の立体形状が形成される。なお、リブ状ホホヅエ膜(4)は内側膜体(3)と外側膜体(4)とを連結すると共に、空気室全体に空気が流通するように円形の開口部(6)が設けられている。このため、空気室に加圧空気が注入されると、空気膜構造体自体が所定の屋根状立体形状に形成されるのである。また、5は外側リブ、7は空気給排気口であって、該空気給排気口(7)は本体(1)を折り畳む際に本体内の空気を迅速に排気する観点から複数個取り付けられていることが好ましいが、その数は空気膜構造体の形状、大きさ、構造などにより適宜決められる。
【0011】
次に、図2は、図1に示した空気膜構造体に融雪機能を付与した実施例を示した正面図である。該図において、1は本体、7は空気給排気口、8はヒーター、9は送風ダクト、10は送風機、11は本体固定用ペグ、12は本体固定用ベルトをそれぞれ示す。ここで、送風機(10)は送風ダクト(9)の一方端と着脱自在に、かつ空気漏れがないように連結され、送風ダクト(9)の他方端は着脱自在のヒーター(8)を介して、空気給排気口(7)と空気漏れがないように着脱自在に連結されている。
【0012】
なお、本体(1)に使用する膜体としては、例えばポリエステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維、アラミド繊維、炭素繊維、ポリオレフィン繊維、及びポリアリレート繊維の群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の繊維からなる織編物の片面または両面にポリウレタン、アクリルゴム、ふっ素ゴム、塩化ビニル系樹脂等をコーティング加工したものを使用することが出来る。このとき、外側膜体の少なくとも積雪部の通気度は0.01〜0.3cc/sec・cm2とすることが好ましく、内側膜体の通気度は実質的に0cc/sec・cm2としておくことが好ましい。何故ならば、本体(1)の外側膜体上の積雪を効率良く融雪するためには、選択的に外側膜体及び該膜体の縫製部分から温風(熱風)の流出を行なう必要が有り、このためには、作業空間に面する内側膜体から温風(熱風)は流出することがないようにすることが好ましいからである。また、本発明では、外側膜体上の積雪を融雪することが必須であることから、少なくとも外側膜体の積雪部の通気度を上記のような範囲に設定しておく必要がある。なお、通気度の試験方法は「JIS L1096 一般織物試験方法の通気性の試験法」で行った。具体的には、1.27cm水柱の圧力を膜体に負荷して、膜体を通過する空気量(cm3/cm2・s)を求めた。
【0013】
ここで、外側膜体の積雪部の通気度が0.3cc/sec・cm2を越えると、本体(1)の空気室内の圧力が低下しその形態保持性がなくなり好ましくない。また、0.01cc/sec・cm2未満であれば、温風或いは熱風の外側膜体からの積雪部への排出が十分でなく、融雪効果が低下するため好ましくない。
【0014】
次に、内側膜体と外側膜体のそれぞれの重量は、30〜200g/m2とすることが好ましい。何故ならば、重量が上記の範囲内にあれば、膜体自体の重量を軽量化することができ、空気膜構造体の設営を迅速かつ簡便に行なえるという作業上の要請を満足させると共に、膜体の引き裂き強度、引張強度等の機械的物性をも同時に満足させることができるからである。つまり、重量が200g/m2を越えると、設営、解体等の作業が面倒で時間を要し、一方30g/m2未満であると、空気膜構造体自体の機械的物性が低下し安定した使用が難しい。
【0015】
また、空気室へ注入する空気を加熱するヒーター(8)としては、電気加熱ヒーター、ガスヒーター、灯油・石油ヒーター等の公知の加熱手段を使用することができる。なお、ヒーター(8)と送風機(10)とはそれぞれ独立した機能を持つものを使用しても良いし、ヒーター(8)と送風機(10)を一体化した熱風発生機を使用することもできる。ここで、送風機(10)としては、ブロアーやファンを好適に使用することができ、本体(1)からの空気の漏れ量より多くの風量を供給することで、本体(1)の形状保持が可能な静圧を発生させることができるものであれば好適に使用できる。
【0016】
さらに、外側膜体の積雪面に積雪センサーを取り付け、積雪の程度を検知し、ヒータ(8)及び送風機(10)の出力を制御し、融雪に必要な熱量及び膜体及び/又は縫製部分からの温風或いは熱風の漏れ流量を可変とすることができる。
【0017】
ここで、加熱気体の温度としては、20℃〜150℃であることが好ましい。なお、加熱気体の温度が20℃以下では、膜体及び/又は縫製部分から漏れる温風或いは熱風による熱伝達でも融雪可能な熱量を積雪に与えることはできない。一方、加熱気体の温度が150℃以上となると膜体自体に耐熱性が要求されると共に、膜体の寿命を急速に縮めることになって好ましくない。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
以上に述べたように、本発明によれば、降雪時でも積雪による空気膜構造体の倒壊を引き起こすことなく、しかも、構成が簡単かつ軽量なため、設営、解体、運搬等の作業が容易である空気膜構造体を提供できる、という格別顕著な効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の空気膜構造体を例示した一部に断面を含む斜視図である。
【図2】本発明の融雪機能を有する空気膜構造体を例示した正面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 空気膜構造体本体
2 外側膜体
3 内側膜体
4 リブ状ホホヅエ膜
6 開口部
7 空気給排気口
8 ヒーター
9 送風ダクト
10 送風機
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a lightweight air membrane structure that covers the entire work space of a construction site such as repair and painting of a ship, a construction site, a temporary exhibition hall, a ball game field, etc. so that the work can be performed even during snowfall. It is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, outdoor work is stopped when it rains or snows, and the work is continued after the rain and snow stop. However, a large-sized roof-like membrane structure has been proposed so that work can be performed efficiently without being affected by the weather such as rain and snow. For example, as a method of securing a work space during such rainy weather or snowfall, there is a structure that covers a frame made of pipe material etc. with a sheet, but when it becomes large, the weight of pipe material etc. increases and transports, There is a problem that the labor required for setting up and dismantling becomes very large.
[0003]
As a method for solving this problem, there is an air membrane structure that secures a working space by injecting air into the air membrane structure with a blower or the like to form a roof shape. However, this air film structure can cope with rainfall, but when there is a large amount of snow, there is a problem that the air film structure is crushed by the weight of the snow and the work space cannot be secured. doing.
[0004]
In order to overcome such drawbacks, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-152613 proposes a method of attaching a watering pipe to the roof of an air membrane structure and removing snow by watering. However, this method has a problem that a large amount of water is required, and that the pipe is frozen in severe cold. Furthermore, since it is necessary to attach piping etc. to an air membrane structure, there exists a fault that installation and dismantling require time.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-102205 discloses that a thermal insulation is provided inside a film body having airtightness, and the film body itself is heated by supplying warm air to the thermal insulation room, so A method for melting the above has been proposed. However, in this method, since heat is melted by transferring heat to the snow outside the film body only by heat conduction from the heated film body, the problem is that the efficiency is poor and there is almost no snow melting effect for heavy snow. have. In addition, since the side wall and the lower wall that make up the warming room are separate parts, the structure is complicated, and it is necessary to attach a duct for supplying hot air to the air film structure itself. It also has the disadvantage of increasing the weight of the structure.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In light of the above-described problems, the present invention is a lightweight air membrane structure having a snow melting function that is easy to set up, dismantle, and transport and that can effectively remove snow on the air membrane structure. Is to provide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Here, according to the present invention, at least an inner membrane body, an outer membrane body, and an air chamber formed by a rib-like hojoe membrane that connects the inner membrane body and the outer membrane body are provided. In the air membrane structure which provides an opening for air to flow and becomes a roof-like three-dimensional shape by injection of pressurized gas into the air chamber,
The inner membrane has a weight of 30 to 200 g / m 2 and a permeability of substantially 0 cc / sec · cm 2 , and the outer membrane has a weight of 30 to 200 g / m 2. In addition, an air membrane structure is provided which is a membrane having an air permeability of 0.01 to 0.3 cc / sec · cm 2 .
[0008]
At this time, in order to melt snow on the air film structure during snow accumulation, a blower for pressurizing and injecting heated air into the air chamber and a heater for air to be injected into the air chamber are detachably attached. An air film structure is preferable.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The embodiment of the present invention described above will be described below in detail together with the operation thereof with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view including a cross section in a part of an example of an air film structure that can be used even during snow accumulation according to the present invention.
In this figure, 1 is a main body of an air membrane structure (hereinafter referred to as “main body”), 2 is an outer membrane body, 3 is an inner membrane body, and 4 is a rib-like foie membrane, which forms an air chamber. Then, a roof-like three-dimensional shape is formed by the air pressurized and injected into the air chamber. The rib-shaped foie membrane (4) connects the inner membrane body (3) and the outer membrane body (4), and is provided with a circular opening (6) so that air flows through the entire air chamber. Yes. For this reason, when pressurized air is injected into the air chamber, the air film structure itself is formed into a predetermined roof-like three-dimensional shape. Further, 5 is an outer rib, and 7 is an air supply / exhaust port, and a plurality of air supply / exhaust ports (7) are attached from the viewpoint of quickly exhausting the air in the main body (1) when the main body (1) is folded. However, the number is appropriately determined depending on the shape, size, structure, etc. of the air membrane structure.
[0011]
Next, FIG. 2 is a front view showing an embodiment in which a snow melting function is added to the air membrane structure shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a main body, 7 is an air supply / exhaust port, 8 is a heater, 9 is a blower duct, 10 is a blower, 11 is a main body fixing peg, and 12 is a main body fixing belt. Here, the blower (10) is detachably connected to one end of the blower duct (9) so as not to leak air, and the other end of the blower duct (9) is connected via a detachable heater (8). The air supply / exhaust port (7) is detachably connected so as not to leak air.
[0012]
In addition, as a film body used for the main body (1), for example, a woven or knitted fabric made of at least one kind of fiber selected from the group of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyolefin fiber, and polyarylate fiber is used. One or both surfaces coated with polyurethane, acrylic rubber, fluoro rubber, vinyl chloride resin or the like can be used. In this case, air permeability of at least snow portion of the outer membrane member is preferably in the 0.01~0.3cc / sec · cm 2, the air permeability of the inner membrane body keep substantially 0cc / sec · cm 2 It is preferable. This is because in order to efficiently melt snow on the outer film body of the main body (1), it is necessary to selectively discharge warm air (hot air) from the outer film body and the sewing portion of the film body. For this purpose, it is preferable to prevent hot air (hot air) from flowing out from the inner membrane facing the working space. Further, in the present invention, it is essential to melt snow on the outer film body. Therefore, it is necessary to set at least the air permeability of the snow accumulation portion of the outer film body in the above range. In addition, the test method of the air permeability was carried out by “Test method of air permeability of JIS L1096 general fabric test method”. Specifically, the pressure of 1.27 cm water column was applied to the film body, and the amount of air passing through the film body (cm 3 / cm 2 · s) was determined.
[0013]
Here, when the air permeability of the snow accumulation part of the outer membrane exceeds 0.3 cc / sec · cm 2 , the pressure in the air chamber of the main body (1) is lowered, and its shape retention is not preferred. Also, if it is less than 0.01 cc / sec · cm 2, it is not preferable because warm air or hot air is not sufficiently discharged from the outer film body to the snow accumulating portion, and the snow melting effect is lowered.
[0014]
Next, the weight of each of the inner membrane body and the outer membrane body is preferably 30 to 200 g / m 2 . This is because, if the weight is within the above range, the weight of the membrane body itself can be reduced, satisfying the work requirement that the construction of the air membrane structure can be performed quickly and easily, and This is because the mechanical properties such as tear strength and tensile strength of the film body can be satisfied at the same time. In other words, if the weight exceeds 200 g / m 2 , the work such as installation and dismantling is troublesome and takes time. On the other hand, if the weight is less than 30 g / m 2 , the mechanical properties of the air membrane structure itself are lowered and stable. Difficult to use.
[0015]
As the heater (8) for heating the air injected into the air chamber, known heating means such as an electric heater, a gas heater, a kerosene / petroleum heater can be used. The heater (8) and the blower (10) may have independent functions, or a hot air generator in which the heater (8) and the blower (10) are integrated can be used. . Here, as the blower (10), a blower or a fan can be preferably used, and the shape of the main body (1) can be maintained by supplying a larger air volume than the amount of air leakage from the main body (1). Any material capable of generating a possible static pressure can be preferably used.
[0016]
Furthermore, a snow accumulation sensor is attached to the snow accumulation surface of the outer film body, the degree of snow accumulation is detected, the output of the heater (8) and the blower (10) is controlled, and the amount of heat necessary for melting snow and the film body and / or the sewing part are detected. The warm air or the flow rate of hot air can be made variable.
[0017]
Here, the temperature of the heated gas is preferably 20 ° C to 150 ° C. If the temperature of the heated gas is 20 ° C. or lower, the amount of heat that can be melted cannot be given to the snow even by heat transfer using hot air or hot air leaking from the film body and / or the sewing portion. On the other hand, if the temperature of the heated gas is 150 ° C. or higher, the film body itself is required to have heat resistance, and the life of the film body is rapidly shortened, which is not preferable.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is easy to set up, dismantle, transport and the like because the structure is simple and lightweight without causing collapse of the air film structure due to snow accumulation even during snowfall. There is a particularly remarkable effect that an air film structure can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view partially including a cross section illustrating an air membrane structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating an air film structure having a snow melting function of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air film structure main body 2 Outer film body 3 Inner film body 4 Rib-like foyer film 6 Opening part 7 Air supply / exhaust port 8 Heater 9 Blower duct 10 Blower

Claims (2)

少なくとも内側膜体、外側膜体、及び該内側膜体と外側膜体とをつなぐリブ状ホホズエ膜により形成される空気室を有し、該リブ状ホホズエ膜に空気が流通するための開口部を設け、該空気室への加圧気体の注入により屋根状の立体形状となる空気膜構造体において、
前記の内側膜体は重量30〜200g/m2であって、通気度が実質的に0cc/sec・cm2の膜体であり、
前記の外側膜体は重量30〜200g/m2であって、通気度が0.01〜0.3cc/sec・cm2の膜体であることを特徴とする空気膜構造体。
An air chamber formed by at least an inner membrane body, an outer membrane body, and a rib-shaped hojozu membrane that connects the inner membrane body and the outer membrane body, and an opening for air to flow through the rib-shaped hojozu membrane; In the air film structure that becomes a three-dimensional roof shape by injecting pressurized gas into the air chamber,
The inner membrane is a membrane having a weight of 30 to 200 g / m 2 and a permeability of substantially 0 cc / sec · cm 2 .
The outer membrane body is a membrane body having a weight of 30 to 200 g / m 2 and an air permeability of 0.01 to 0.3 cc / sec · cm 2 .
前記の空気室内へ空気を加圧注入する送風機、及び該空気室内へ注入する空気の加熱ヒータとが着脱自在に付設された請求項1記載の空気膜構造体。The air film structure according to claim 1, wherein a blower for pressurizing and injecting air into the air chamber and a heater for air to be injected into the air chamber are detachably attached.
JP30639496A 1996-11-18 1996-11-18 Air membrane structure Expired - Fee Related JP3660769B2 (en)

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JPH10148045A JPH10148045A (en) 1998-06-02
JP3660769B2 true JP3660769B2 (en) 2005-06-15

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