JP3651603B2

JP3651603B2 - High sensitivity water leak detection method

Info

Publication number: JP3651603B2
Application number: JP2002166719A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 和雄森長
Original assignee: 高松市
Priority date: 2002-06-07
Filing date: 2002-06-07
Publication date: 2005-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 2022-06-07
Also published as: JP2004012318A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、埋設されている水道管の漏水箇所の簡便・迅速・高感度探知する方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の水道管漏水探知法としては、▲１▼漏水音を音調棒で直接聴き取る聴音式、▲２▼アンプ等を用いて土中の漏水音を拡大して探知する音響式、▲３▼電磁波のドップラー効果を用いて探知する電磁波式、ヘリウムガス等を圧封入した後に稀ガス探知機を用いてガス分析を行って探知するトレーサー式、▲５▼圧力空気を供給し漏水音の継続時間によって漏水箇所を検出する圧縮空気式等の方法がある。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
音調棒による漏水探知は簡便・安価であるが、漏水量が少ない場合、漏洩音が非常に小さいため、他の雑音との区別が困難で、検出精度の面で問題がある。
その他電磁波式などの探知機類は、高価であり、且つ、水道管の埋設深度に凹凸がある場合などには適さない上、いずれも１４L／ｈｒ以上の多量の漏水に適するものである。０．２Ｌ／ｈｒ以下の少量の漏水をも検出できる高感度・簡便・迅速な漏水探知方法を開発するものである。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明では、水道管内に安定な水溶液層と空気層、あるいは安定な気泡層を流動させて、水道管の漏水孔に生成している水滴あるいは管壁に生じている水の薄膜層を加圧空気で吹き飛ばして、大きな音を発生させ、この発生音を検出して、漏水箇所を特定するものである。
【０００５】
水は表面張力が小さく、少量の空気を配管内に供給した場合、空気層は管の上部にたまり、側面や底部の漏水孔とは接触せず、空気が漏洩しないため漏洩音が発生しない。このため、水道管内に供給する水に界面活性剤や粘性物質を溶かし、水の粘性及び表面張力を高めて、水溶液・空気の界面を形成させ、漏水孔から水溶液と空気、あるいは気泡を噴出させて、漏洩音を発生させるものである。
【０００６】
空気のみを送給すると漏水孔から空気のみ漏洩するため、漏洩音が非常に小さくなり、微小な漏水孔は検出できない。また、水の粘性が高くなりすぎると表面張力等が大きすぎ、微小な漏水孔の場合には抵抗が大きく、噴出が困難となり漏洩音が検出できないため、最適な粘度・表面張力で実施する必要がある。
【０００７】
【発明の実施形態】
図１において、埋設された水道管の送水側に取り付けられている水道メーターを取り外して水道管の両端部にバイパス配管供給装置を取り付け、所定圧力（２〜７kg/cm2）で所定量の水溶液と所定量の空気を交互に供給、あるいは気泡を供給する。なお、蛇口側には背圧弁装置を取り付け、水道管内の水を順次排出させる。水道管内の漏水孔を空気層が通過する際に、生成している水滴あるいは水の薄膜層を圧力空気層が吹き飛ばし、大きな音を発生する。この発生音を音調棒等で検出し、漏水箇所を特定するものである。
【０００８】
しかし、水道管内では供給した空気が上部にたまり、水道管内の側面や底部の漏水孔は、水滴を吹き飛ばすことが難しく、側面や底部の漏水孔の検出は困難である。
本発明では、水に粘性剤や界面活性剤を添加して水溶液・空気界面を形成させ、流動させることにより水道管内の側面や底部に生じた微小漏水孔であっても、漏水孔近辺の水滴あるいは水の薄膜層を圧力空気で吹き飛ばすときに発生する音を、あるいはこの水溶液に空気を吹き込み、安定な気泡を作り、微小漏水孔から気泡を吹き出させることにより、大きな漏洩音を発生させるものである。
【０００９】
なお、水に添加する粘性物質あるいは界面活性剤は人体に無害な食品添加物等から選定する必要がある。また、粘性が高すぎ、あるいは界面活性剤濃度が高すぎると２〜７kg/cm2の圧力では空気と水溶液が噴出しなくなる。最適な粘性・濃度を選定する必要がある。
【００１０】
【作用】
本発明に係る水道管の漏水探知方法では、水道メーターを取り外して、バイパス配管供給装置を、蛇口側には背圧弁装置を取り付け、粘性物質や界面活性剤を添加した水溶液と空気を所定の間隔で交互に供給し、水道管内に水溶液、空気、水溶液、空気の層を交互に形成させ、流動させることにより漏水孔から水滴や水の薄膜層を空気で吹き飛ばす時に発生する大きな音を検出するものである。しかも、この漏洩音は供給速度に応じて、所定の間隔で連続的に発生する。水が粘性を持つため、水道管内上部に空気だまりが生成せずに、水道管内部に安定な水溶液層と安定な空気層が交互に形成され、水道管の側面や底部の漏水孔をも検出できる。
【００１１】
水溶液／空気供給ポンプのストロークとポンプ作動時間から空気層の位置が推定でき、その近傍を音調棒あるいは音響センサーを利用して漏洩音を検出するもので有り、的確に漏水箇所を特定することができる。
【００１２】
本発明では、水道管の材質や設置場所、埋設深度の凹凸、さらに水道管内の上部、側面、底部など漏水位置に左右されることなく、漏水箇所を短時間で検出することができる。
【００１３】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の具体的実施例について説明する。図１はバイパス配管供給装置１において、２はバイパス配管装置、３は圧力水溶液供給ポンプであり、4は圧力空気供給ポンプである。供給ポンプの供給圧力は２〜８〔kg/cm^２〕に、また供給ポンプのストロークも、自在に調整することができる機能を有する。
【００１４】
図２は、本発明の実施例の態様を概略的に説明するために製作した漏水モデル配管形態図である。宅地内水道配管は一般的に約３０〜５０ｃｍの深さに埋設されていて、地中から立ち上がった配管に蛇口（給水口）などの給水器具を取り付けている。図２Ｖ_１は水道止水栓、Ｍは水道メーター、Pｓは圧力計である。この実施例に使用した水道管は、硬質塩化ビニール管や管内を目視するために透明なアクリルパイプを使用して、地上に配管し埋設深度の変化も想定して凹凸のある配管とし、Ｊは蛇口などの給水口、Ｐは水道管、Ｗ_１，Ｗ_２は水道管Ｐにおける漏水孔モデル管を取り付けた箇所を示す。この実施例に使用した水道管の内径は２０ｍｍで、総延長は、約４０ｍである。
【００１５】
まず本実施例に係わるバイパス配管供給装置の動作を含む漏水探知方法について、図１〜図3を参照して説明する。
【００１６】
まず、図２の水道止水栓Ｖ_１を閉じて止水状態にし、図２の水道メーターＭを取り外して、メーターユニオンＰ_１，Ｐ_２にバイパス配管供給装置を接続する。この場合、図２に示すＰ_１前端のジョイントに図１のＳ_１をＰ_２にはＳ_２を接続する。このＳ_１、Ｓ_２のジョイント管は外周面にネジ部を有し脱着できる。なおメーターの口径が異なる場合には、ブッシングを使用して接続する。次に、図２のＪ_１〜Ｊ_５の蛇口を取り外して、図３の背圧弁装置を給水口に取り付ける。
【００１７】
以上の作業が終了したならば、水道止水栓Ｖ_１とバルブＶ_２を開き、図２のＪ_１〜Ｊ_５に取り付けた背圧弁装置バルブＶ_８を順次開き、水道メーターを取り外した時に混入したバイパス配管供給装置の配管内及び水道管の空気を全て抜き取り、水道メーターの位置から一番近い蛇口Ｊ_１に取り付けた図３Ｈの背圧弁の圧力を調整し止水状態にするＪ_２〜Ｊ_５の背圧弁装置のバルブＶ_８は全て閉じ、水道管内に水を満たした状態にして、バルブＶ_２を閉じる。
【００１８】
次に、バイパス配管供給装置の粘性剤タンク７に粘性剤を充填した後、バルブＶ_３を開く。水道水がボールタップ８により、貯留槽が満水になると、水の供給は停止する。バルブＶ_３を閉じてから、粘性剤タンクのバルブＶ₅を開き、粘性剤を添加し撹拌機６を運転する。粘性剤が溶解した水溶液を貯留する。
【００１９】
以上の準備が終了したならば、圧力水溶液供給ポンプ3及び圧力空気供給ポンプ4を運転し、バルブＶ_４を開けて、漏水探知作業を行う。
【００２０】
漏水探知作業の順序は、水道メーターの位置からの距離が一番近い蛇口（給水口）である図２Ｊ_１に取り付けた背圧弁装置の圧力を調整してバルブＶ_８で放水しながら図２Ｐ_２や、水道管ＰおよびＪ_１の給水口に音調棒を当て、漏洩音を直接聴き取る。
【００２１】
漏洩音がしない場合は、図２Ｐ_２から蛇口Ｊ_１の水道管の延長間には、漏水個所は、有していないのである。
【００２２】
次いでメーターに近い蛇口である図２Ｊ_２の背圧弁装置の圧力を調整後、バルブＶ_８を開け、音調棒を当て、漏洩音を直接聴き取る。前述と同様の方法でＪ_３〜Ｊ_５の順に漏水検出作業を繰り返して行う。
【００２３】
漏洩音発生の有無及び漏水探知作業を実際に行うために、硬質塩化ビニール管を使用して、漏水孔モデル管を作成した。実施例において使用した漏水孔モデル管の漏水量は2.７kg/cm2の水圧時において、１４L/hr、９L/hr、０．１４L/hr、０．０４L/hrの４種類を使用し、漏水位置の変更は、漏水孔モデル管を回転させて、漏水位置を上部、側面、底部に変更した。
【００２４】
上述の漏水探知作業で述べた要領で図２Ｗ_１の箇所に、ネオＳＫジョイントを使用して漏水量９L/hrの漏水孔モデル管を取り付け、水圧２．５〜２．７kg/cm2において音調棒により漏洩音の検出作業を、Ｊ_３に取り付けた背圧弁装置のバルブＶ_８を開け、漏洩音の検出作業を行った。
【００２５】
その結果、図２水道配管の埋設深度に凹凸があっても、水や空気たまりが生じず、水道管内を安定な水溶液層と安定な空気層が交互に流動していくことが目視され、漏水箇所に空気層が達成したとき、特殊でかつ大きな漏洩音が発生し、水または空気が噴出する時の自然音とは明確に識別される漏洩音が発生すること。さらには漏水位置が管内の上部、側面、底部であっても漏洩音が発生すること。この漏洩音を音調棒で捕捉することは従来の方法と同じであるため、簡単に漏水箇所を判定するが可能であった。次に作成した漏水孔モデル管４種類を順次付け替えるとともに、水と空気及び水のみを供給して、漏洩音発生の有無など比較するための検出作業を行った。さらに図２Ｗ_２の箇所でも、４種類の漏水孔モデル管を取り付けて、前述と同様の方法で漏洩音の検出作業を行った。その結果を表１に示す。
【００２６】
【表１】

【００２７】
実施例は粘性物あるいは界面活性剤を個別あるいは同時に加えて溶解させた水溶液と空気を交互に供給して漏洩音の検出を行った結果、通常の漏洩音が非常に大きな漏洩音になること、また通常は、音がしない０．０４L/hrの微小な漏水孔も漏洩音が発生すること。さらには、水道管内に安定な水溶液層と安定な空気層あるいは安定な気泡層が形成したまま流動することにより、漏水孔の位置が管内の上部、側面、底部であっても漏洩音が発生すること、また漏水箇所に近いほど、漏洩音が高くなることが判明し、従来法では、検出の困難な漏水箇所の特定が可能になった。
【比較例】
【００２８】
比較例1は、水と空気を交互に供給して漏洩音の検出作業を行った。また比較例2は空気を入れず、水のみを供給した。表１比較例１、比較例２のとおり、水道管内の漏水位置が側面や底部、また微小な漏水量では漏洩音の検出は困難で、多量漏水の場合のみ検出が可能であった。
【００２９】
【発明の効果】
このように、本発明に係わる水道管の漏水探知方法は、水道管内に水溶液と空気を交互に供給し水道管内に安定な水溶液層と安定な空気層、あるいは気泡層を形成させ、流動させることにより、水だけでは漏洩音が発生しない僅かな漏水量でも漏洩音を連続的に発生させることができる。本発明の漏水探知方法は水道管の材質が異なっても、また埋設深度に凹凸がある場合でも、さらに水道管内の上部、側面、底部など、どの位置からの漏水であっても漏洩音を発生させることができる。
【００３０】
また、宅地内配管の漏水探知範囲を蛇口（給水口）の数と同数に分割して探知することが可能となり、漏水箇所の探知作業が短時間で行える。
【００３１】
さらに、漏水探知作業が終了した後、水道管の洗管作業も、バイパス配管装置のバルブ切替操作のみで可能であり、しかも人体に無害な水であるために、作業が簡単で短時間に行える。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る水道管の漏水探知方法の実施例として示すバイパス配管供給装置の概略構成を説明する図である。
【図２】同バイパス配管供給装置を用いて行う漏水探知の漏水モデル配管形態図である。
【図３】同バイパス配管供給装置を用いて行う漏水探知の背圧弁装置の図である。
【符号の説明】
１バイパス配管供給装置，
２バイパス配管装置，
３圧力水溶液供給ポンプ，
４圧力空気供給ポンプ，
５貯留槽，
６攪拌機，
７粘性剤タンク，
８ボールタップ
９背圧弁装置，
Ｖ_１水道止水栓，
Ｖ_２・・・ボールバルブ，
Ｖ_８ニードルバルブ，
Ｈ背圧弁，
Ｐ水道管，
Ｐ_１，Ｐ_２メーターユニオン，
Ｓ_１，Ｓ_２ジョイント管，
Ｊ_１・・・蛇口（給水口），
Ｗ_１，Ｗ_２漏水孔モデル管取付箇所，
Ｐ_Ｓ・・・圧力計，
Ｔ・・・ＴＳＫカプラ，
Ｙ耐圧ホース，[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive detection method for a leaked portion of a buried water pipe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional water pipe leak detection methods include: (1) audible sound system that directly listens to leaked sound with a tone bar, (2) acoustic system that uses an amplifier to expand and detect the leaked water sound, and (3) Electromagnetic wave type to detect using Doppler effect of electromagnetic wave, Tracer type to detect by performing gas analysis using rare gas detector after sealing helium gas, etc., (5) Duration of leakage sound by supplying pressurized air There is a method such as a compressed air method for detecting a water leak point.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although leak detection using a tone bar is simple and inexpensive, when the amount of water leakage is small, the leakage sound is very small, so that it is difficult to distinguish from other noises, and there is a problem in terms of detection accuracy.
Other detectors such as electromagnetic type are expensive and are not suitable when there are irregularities in the embedding depth of the water pipe, and are suitable for a large amount of water leakage of 14 L / hr or more. A highly sensitive, simple, and rapid water leak detection method that can detect even a small amount of water leak of 0.2 L / hr or less is developed.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, a stable aqueous solution layer and an air layer or a stable bubble layer is made to flow in the water pipe, and water droplets generated in the water leak holes of the water pipe or a thin film layer of water generated on the pipe wall are pressurized. It blows off with air, generates a loud sound, detects this generated sound, and specifies a water leak location.
[0005]
Water has a small surface tension, and when a small amount of air is supplied into the pipe, the air layer accumulates at the top of the pipe, does not come into contact with the water leakage holes on the side and bottom, and no air leaks. For this reason, a surfactant or viscous substance is dissolved in the water supplied to the water pipe, and the viscosity and surface tension of the water are increased to form an aqueous solution / air interface, and the aqueous solution and air or bubbles are ejected from the water leakage hole. This generates a leaking sound.
[0006]
If only air is supplied, only air leaks from the water leakage hole, so that the leakage sound becomes very small and minute water leakage holes cannot be detected. In addition, if the water viscosity becomes too high, the surface tension etc. is too large, and in the case of a minute water leak hole, resistance is large and ejection is difficult and leakage noise cannot be detected. There is.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In FIG. 1, the water meter attached to the water supply side of the buried water pipe is removed and the bypass pipe supply device is attached to both ends of the water pipe, and a predetermined amount of aqueous solution is added at a predetermined pressure (2 to 7 kg / cm 2). A predetermined amount of air is alternately supplied or bubbles are supplied. In addition, a back pressure valve device is attached to the faucet side, and water in the water pipe is discharged sequentially. When the air layer passes through the water leak hole in the water pipe, the pressure air layer blows off the generated water droplets or the thin film layer of water, generating a loud sound. This generated sound is detected with a tone bar or the like, and the location of water leakage is specified.
[0008]
However, in the water pipe, the supplied air accumulates at the top, and the side and bottom leakage holes in the water pipe are difficult to blow off water droplets, and it is difficult to detect the side and bottom leakage holes.
In the present invention, a water droplet near the water leakage hole is formed even if it is a micro water leakage hole formed on the side or bottom of the water pipe by adding a viscosity agent or a surfactant to water to form an aqueous solution / air interface and flowing it. Or the sound generated when blowing a thin film layer of water with pressurized air, or by blowing air into this aqueous solution, creating stable bubbles, and blowing out bubbles from a minute water leak hole, generating a large leaking sound. is there.
[0009]
The viscous substance or surfactant added to water must be selected from food additives that are harmless to the human body. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too high or the surfactant concentration is too high, air and aqueous solution cannot be ejected at a pressure of 2 to 7 kg / cm @ 2. It is necessary to select the optimum viscosity and concentration.
[0010]
[Action]
In the water pipe leak detection method according to the present invention, the water meter is removed, the bypass pipe supply device is attached, the back pressure valve device is attached to the faucet side, and the aqueous solution added with the viscous substance or the surfactant and the air are separated at a predetermined interval. Detecting loud sounds generated when water droplets or a thin film layer of water is blown away from the water leakage hole by alternately forming and flowing an aqueous solution, air, aqueous solution, air layer in the water pipe It is. Moreover, this leaking sound is continuously generated at predetermined intervals according to the supply speed. Since the water is viscous, no air pool is formed in the upper part of the water pipe, and a stable aqueous solution layer and a stable air layer are alternately formed inside the water pipe to detect leaks on the side and bottom of the water pipe. it can.
[0011]
The position of the air layer can be estimated from the stroke of the aqueous solution / air supply pump and the pump operating time, and the vicinity of the air layer is detected using a sound adjustment bar or acoustic sensor, and the location of the water leak can be accurately identified. it can.
[0012]
In the present invention, the leak location can be detected in a short time without being affected by the leak location such as the material and location of the water pipe, the unevenness of the embedding depth, and the top, side, and bottom of the water pipe.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a bypass

pipe supply apparatus

1, 2 is a bypass pipe apparatus, 3 is a pressure aqueous solution supply pump, and 4 is a pressure air supply pump. The supply pressure of the supply pump is 2 to 8 [kg / cm ² ], and the stroke of the supply pump can be freely adjusted.
[0014]
FIG. 2 is a water leakage model piping configuration diagram manufactured to schematically describe the embodiment of the present invention. In-house water supply piping is generally buried at a depth of about 30 to 50 cm, and a water supply device such as a faucet (water supply port) is attached to the pipe rising from the ground. Figure 2V ₁ is tap water shutoff valve, M is water meter, Ps is a pressure gauge. The water pipe used in this example is a hard polyvinyl chloride pipe or a transparent acrylic pipe for visual observation inside the pipe, and it is piped on the ground and assuming unevenness of the burial depth. A water supply port such as a faucet, P is a water pipe, and W ₁ and W ₂ are locations where a water leakage hole model pipe is attached to the water pipe P. The water pipe used in this example has an inner diameter of 20 mm and a total extension of about 40 m.
[0015]
First, a water leak detection method including the operation of the bypass pipe supply device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0016]
First, the water stop state to close the tap stop cock V ₁ of the FIG. 2, to remove the water meter M in FIG. 2, a bypass pipe feeder to meter union P _1, P _2. In this case, S ₁ in FIG. 1 is connected to the joint at the front end of P ₁ shown in FIG. 2, and S ₂ is connected to P ₂ . The joint pipes of S ₁ and S ₂ have a threaded portion on the outer peripheral surface and can be detached. If the meter diameter is different, use a bushing to connect. Next, remove the faucet J ₁ through J ₅ in Figure 2, mounting the back-pressure valve device of FIG. 3 in water inlet.
[0017]
If more work is completed, open the tap stopcock V ₁ and valve V _2, sequentially open the back pressure valve device valve V ₈ attached to J ₁ through J ₅ in Figure 2, mixed when removed water meters J ₂ through J that all extraction air pipe and a water pipe of the bypass pipe supply apparatus and the water stopping state by adjusting the pressure of the back pressure valve of Figure 3H attached to the nearest faucet J ₁ from the position of the water meter valve V ₈ of the back-pressure valve device ₅ is closed all, in a state filled with water to a water pipe, close the valve V _2.
[0018]
Then, after filling the viscosity agent in the viscous agent tank 7 of the bypass pipe feeder, opening the valve V _3. When the tap water is filled with the ball tap 8 and the storage tank is full, the supply of water is stopped. Close the valve V _3, opening the valve V ₅ of thickener tank, operating the stirrer 6 was added thickener. An aqueous solution in which the viscous agent is dissolved is stored.
[0019]
If more preparation is completed, driving a pressure solution supply pump 3 and the pressure air supply pump 4, by opening the valve V _4, performs leak detection operation.
[0020]
The order of leak detection operation, FIG 2P ₂ while water discharge in the valve V ₈ by adjusting the pressure of the back pressure valve device which is attached in FIG. 2J ₁ is a short distance from the position of the water meter is most faucet (water inlet) and, applying a tone stick to the water supply port of the water pipe P and J _1, take listen to the leakage sound directly.
[0021]
If the leakage sound are not, between extended from Figure 2P ₂ water pipe faucet J _1, leakage location is not have.
[0022]
Then after adjusting the pressure of the back pressure valve device of FIG. 2J ₂ is a close faucets meter, opening the valve V _8, applying a tone bar, take listening to leak sound directly. Repeatedly performing leak detection operations in the order of J ₃ through J ₅ in the same manner as described above.
[0023]
A leak pipe model pipe was made using a hard vinyl chloride pipe in order to actually perform the leak detection and leakage detection work. The water leakage amount of the model pipe used in the examples was 14 L / hr, 9 L / hr, 0.14 L / hr, and 0.04 L / hr when the water pressure was 2.7 kg / cm 2. The position was changed by rotating the leak hole model tube and changing the leak position to the top, side, and bottom.
[0024]
In place of FIG 2W ₁ in the manner described in leak detection operations described above, using neo SK joints fitted with a leak hole model tube leakage amount 9 L / hr, tone bar water pressure 2.5~2.7kg / cm2 detection working leak sound by the, opening the valve V ₈ of the back-pressure valve device attached to J _3, was detected working leakage sound.
[0025]
As a result, even if the embedding depth of the water pipe is uneven, water and air pools do not occur, and it is observed that a stable aqueous solution layer and a stable air layer flow alternately in the water pipe. When an air layer is achieved at a location, a special and loud leaking sound is generated, and a leaking sound that is clearly distinguished from the natural sound when water or air spouts is generated. Furthermore, leaking noise should be generated even if the water leakage position is at the top, side, or bottom of the pipe. Since capturing this leaking sound with a tone bar is the same as the conventional method, it was possible to easily determine the location of the water leak. Next, the four types of leak hole model pipes created were sequentially replaced, and water, air, and water alone were supplied, and detection work was performed to compare the presence or absence of leakage noise. Further in place of FIG 2W _2, attach the four leak hole model tube was detected working leak sound in the same manner as described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0026]
[Table 1]

[0027]
In the examples, as a result of detecting leakage sound by alternately supplying an aqueous solution and air dissolved by adding viscous substances or surfactants individually or simultaneously, a normal leakage sound becomes a very large leakage sound, Normally, a leaking sound is generated even in a small leak hole of 0.04 L / hr that does not make a sound. Furthermore, by flowing while a stable aqueous solution layer and a stable air layer or a stable bubble layer are formed in the water pipe, a leaking sound is generated even if the position of the water leakage hole is at the top, side or bottom of the pipe. In addition, it was found that the closer to the water leakage location, the higher the leakage sound, and it was possible to identify the water leakage location that was difficult to detect by the conventional method.
[Comparative example]
[0028]
In Comparative Example 1, water and air were alternately supplied to detect leakage sound. In Comparative Example 2, only air was supplied without introducing air. As shown in Table 1 Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it was difficult to detect the leaking sound when the water leakage position in the water pipe was at the side or bottom, and a small amount of water leakage, and detection was possible only when there was a large amount of water leakage.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the water pipe leakage detection method according to the present invention supplies an aqueous solution and air alternately in the water pipe, forms a stable aqueous solution layer and a stable air layer, or a bubble layer in the water pipe, and causes them to flow. Therefore, it is possible to continuously generate a leak sound even with a small amount of water leak that does not generate a leak sound with water alone. The water leak detection method of the present invention generates a leaking sound regardless of the material of the water pipe, even if there is unevenness in the embedment depth, and from any position such as the top, side, bottom of the water pipe. Can be made.
[0030]
In addition, it is possible to divide the water leak detection range of the residential land piping into the same number as the number of faucets (water supply ports), and to detect the water leak location in a short time.
[0031]
Furthermore, after the water leak detection work is completed, the water pipe can be washed only by the valve switching operation of the bypass piping device, and the water is harmless to the human body, so the work can be performed easily and in a short time. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a bypass pipe supply device shown as an embodiment of a water pipe leak detection method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a water leakage model piping configuration diagram of water leakage detection performed using the bypass piping supply device.
FIG. 3 is a view of a back pressure valve device for water leak detection performed using the bypass pipe supply device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Bypass piping supply device,
2 Bypass piping equipment,
3 pressure aqueous solution supply pump,
4 pressure air supply pump,
5 storage tanks,
6 stirrer,
7 viscosity agent tank,
8 Ball tap 9 Back pressure valve device,
V ₁ water faucet,
V ₂ ... Ball valve,
V ₈ needle valve,
H back pressure valve,
P water pipe,
P ₁ , P ₂ meter union,
S ₁ , S ₂ joint pipe,
J ₁ ... Faucet (water supply port),
W ₁ , W ₂ water leakage hole model pipe mounting location,
P _S ··· pressure gauge,
T ... TSK coupler,
Y pressure hose,

Claims

In a water pipe, under a predetermined pressure, a viscous agent or surfactant is added to water to form a stable aqueous solution / air interface, or air is blown into an aqueous solution in which a viscous agent or surfactant is added to water. Even if it is a minute water leakage hole with a slight water leakage amount that is generated at any of the top, side, and bottom of the water pipe and does not generate a leakage sound by water alone, bubbles are generated from the water leakage hole. A leak detection method , comprising: generating a leak sound that occurs when the water bursts and disappears, and detecting the leak sound with a device such as a tone bar.

The water leak detection method according to claim 1, wherein the micro water leak hole includes a water leak hole of 0.2 L / hr or less .

The leak detection method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the leak point in the water pipe is specified based on the property that the leak sound becomes higher as the detected leak sound is closer to the leak point .

The formation of the above aqueous solution / air interface or the creation of the above stable bubbles is achieved by adding a surfactant individually or simultaneously to create an aqueous solution with increased water viscosity, and a predetermined amount of water in a water pipe under a predetermined pressure. The aqueous solution and a predetermined amount of air are alternately supplied, or stable bubbles formed by blowing air into the aqueous solution are supplied, and a stable aqueous solution layer and a stable air layer are alternately provided in the water pipe, or a stable bubble layer. The water leakage detection method according to claim 1, 2 or 3 .

Additional water pipes, remove the water meter, fitted with a bypass pipe supply apparatus, according to claim 1 to any of the leak detection method 4 to be inspected water pipe constructed by attaching the back pressure valve device faucet side.

6. The water leakage detection method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure for supplying the aqueous solution and air or bubbles into the water pipe is 2 to 7 kg / cm ² , preferably the normal pressure is 2 to 3.5 kg / cm ² .

Claims 1 to any of the leak detection method of 6, wherein the gum or surfactants added to increase the viscosity or surface tension of water is harmless substances to the human body.