JP3651250B2 - Thin secondary battery - Google Patents

Thin secondary battery Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3651250B2
JP3651250B2 JP09432498A JP9432498A JP3651250B2 JP 3651250 B2 JP3651250 B2 JP 3651250B2 JP 09432498 A JP09432498 A JP 09432498A JP 9432498 A JP9432498 A JP 9432498A JP 3651250 B2 JP3651250 B2 JP 3651250B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
electrode plate
secondary battery
tape
thin secondary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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JP09432498A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11297299A (en
Inventor
菊雄 妹尾
満 浪花
顕 長崎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority to JP09432498A priority Critical patent/JP3651250B2/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Cell Separators (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は薄型二次電池の特性改良に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、携帯電話,カムコーダ,ノート型パーソナルコンピュータなどのコードレス機器の小型化,軽量化,薄型化の進展がめざましく、それらの駆動電源である電池においても当然、小型化,軽量化が要望されており、さらにその形状も機器の薄型化,スペースの有効利用の観点から、薄く平たいものに要望が集まりつつある。
【0003】
この薄型電池として従来より用いられている角形ニッケルカドミウム電池や角形ニッケル水素電池は、単板(平板)の正極板および負極板をセパレータを介して積層構造とすることにより極板群を構成している。また、新しい電池であるリチウムイオン二次電池では薄い長尺の正極板および負極板をセパレータを介して渦巻状に巻回して極板群を構成している。
【0004】
さらに、内部短絡を防止するために、セパレータの幅は極板の幅よりも広く設定されている。したがって、極板群の両端面は、余分のセパレータのみの積層状あるいは渦巻状構造になっている。
【0005】
この余分のセパレータは電池の信頼性確保のためには必要であるが、電池製造上では扱い難く、特に極板群を電池ケースに挿入するときにセパレータがケースの端面に引っかかったり、セパレータがめくれて極板が露出したりする問題が生ずるため、特開平6−150900号公報開示のように熱によって収縮させたり、特開平8−195204号公報開示のようにテープを貼って束ねたりするのが一般的である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、電解液の注入においては一般的に遠心,減圧および遠心と減圧の両方の方法を用いて極板間の空気と電解液とを置換する方法を用いており、前記極板群は電池ケースの底面と対向する端面にテープが貼り着けてあり、そのテープが電解液の注入時に極板間の空間と電解液との置換を妨害する作用をするため極板間に電解液が充分浸透するのに長時間必要であったり、極板間に空間が残ってしまうために極板の反応にムラが生じ所定の充放電容量が確保できないという、製造上および特性上の課題があった。
【0007】
本発明は、前記の問題点を解決するものであり、渦巻状の極板群を有する薄型電池の注液工程において電解液の極板間への浸透を容易にし、電池製造工程の時間短縮を図るとともに、充放電特性の安定した高容量な薄型電池を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、正極板と負極板とセパレータを渦巻状に巻回した極板群の断面形状が平面部と曲面部から構成されている極板群を角形電池ケース内に挿入してなる薄型二次電池において、前記電池ケース挿入側となる極板群の下端面の平面部が、空隙を有するテープによって被覆されていることにより、極板のバラツキを押さえ、ケースとの絶縁を確保するとともに注液工程において電解液の極板間への浸透を容易にすることができるようにしたものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
【0010】
図1に本発明の一実施の形態における薄型電池を示す。極板群1は、正極板と負極板とこれらの間に介在されたセパレータとを巻回した渦巻状の極板群である。このとき極板群1の渦巻状の端面1aの平面部を、空隙を有するテープ2で被覆し、電池ケース3の内部底面3aと極板群1の渦巻状の端面1aが対面するように構成する。
【0011】
図2には、本発明の一実施の形態における薄型二次電池に用いる空隙を有するテープの代表例を示す。
【0012】
また、図4に従来の薄型電池を示す。従来の薄型電池では、極板群1の層状かあるいは渦巻状の端面1aを被覆するテープ2は空隙を有していない。なお、3は内部底面3aを有する電池ケースである。
【0013】
本発明の実施の形態の検討に当たっては、以下に示す構成のリチウムイオン二次電池を用いた。
【0014】
正極活物質のコバルト酸リチウムをアルミニウム箔に塗布した正極板と、負極活物質のカーボンを銅箔に塗布した負極板と、多孔質のポリエチレン樹脂シートのセパレータを渦巻状に巻回した極板群の断面形状が平面部と曲面部から構成されている極板群を構成し、電解液にエチレンカーボネート,ジエチルカーボネートおよびメチルプロピオネートを所定の割合で混合した有機溶媒に六フッ化リン酸リチウムを1.5モル/リットル溶解させた有機電解液を用い、ニッケルめっきを施した鉄製の有底角形ケースに極板群を挿入した後、有機電解液を注入し、封口蓋板をクリンプシールして、リチウムイオン二次電池を構成した。
【0015】
この電池の寸法は、厚み6mm、幅30mm、高さ48mmである。
また、極板群の寸法は、厚み5.4mm、幅29.0mm、高さ40mmであり、電池ケース3の内部底面3aと対面する極板群の下端面1aの平面部を、幅9mm、長さ20mmのポリプロピレンフィルムを基材とするテープ2で被覆し、余分のセパレータを束ねてある。
【0016】
渦巻状の極板群1の端面1aの平面部を、空隙率50%を有するテープ2で被覆して構成した電池を本発明の電池Aとする。
【0017】
積層状の極板群1の層状の端面1aを空隙率50%を有するテープ2で被覆して構成した電池を参考例の電池Bとする。
【0018】
渦巻状の極板群1の端面1aの平面部を、空隙率5%を有するテープ2で被覆して構成した電池を本発明の電池Cとする。
【0019】
渦巻状の極板群1の端面1aの平面部を、空隙率90%を有するテープ2で被覆して構成した電池を本発明の電池Dとする。
【0020】
【実施例】
本発明の効果を調べるために以下の従来例,比較例の電池を以下に示す条件以外は前記する実施の形態で説明した方法と同様の方法で作製した。
【0021】
渦巻状の極板群の渦巻状の端面を空隙を有しないテープで被覆して構成した電池を従来の電池Eとする。
【0022】
積層状の極板群の層状の端面を空隙を有しないテープで被覆して構成した電池を従来の電池Fとする。
【0023】
渦巻状の極板群の渦巻状の端面をテープで被覆しないで構成した電池を比較の電池Gとする。
【0024】
積層状の極板群の層状の端面をテープで被覆しないで構成した電池を比較の電池Hとする。
【0025】
(性能比較実験1)
本発明の電池,従来の電池,比較の電池の注液工程における極板の濡れ時間、すなわち電解液を注入してから、極板間に電解液が浸透し、極板表面が均一に電解液で濡れるまでの時間を調べ、その結果を表1に示す。
【0026】
【表1】
【0027】
表1からわかるように、本発明の電池は従来の電池に比べて極板の濡れ時間が大幅に短縮でき、比較の電池と同等であることがわかる。なお比較の電池はテープがないため従来技術で述べたようにセパレータが電池製造上の諸問題を起すものである。
【0028】
(性能比較実験2)
本発明の電池,従来の電池,比較の電池の放電容量と放電カーブを調べ、放電容量を表2に、電池の放電カーブを図3に示す。
【0029】
充放電条件を下記に示す。
【0030】
【表2】
【0031】
表2および図3からわかるように、本発明の電池では従来の電池に比べて放電容量が大きく、バラツキが少ないことがわかる。
【0032】
また、それらの効果はテープの空隙率が5%,50%,90%と変化してもほとんど変わらないことがわかる。
【0033】
お、本発明の電池と比較例の電池とでは表2および図3に示す性能に差はないが、比較例電池はテープがないため、セパレータが電池の製造上の諸問題を起すものである。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、薄型二次電池の渦巻状の極板群の下端面の平面部を、空隙を有するテープで被覆することによって、極板群を電池ケース挿入時にセパレータが引っかかったり、めくれたりすることがなく、注液工程時の極板液濡れ時間を短縮する効果がある。
【0035】
また、極板間に電解液が浸透していない空間がないため放電容量が大きく、また容量バラツキも少なく、薄型二次電池の高容量化,特性の安定化に効果がある。
【0036】
なお、本発明の実施の形態ではリチウムイオン二次電池について記したが、他の電池系、例えばニッケルカドミウム電池やニッケル水素電池においても同様の効果が得られる。
【0037】
さらに、テープの基材についても、ポリプロピレンだけでなく、ポリエチレン,ポリアミド,ポリイミド,フッ素樹脂,ガラスクロスなども用いることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(a)本発明の一実施の形態におけるリチウムイオン二次電池の半断面図
(b)同底面図
【図2】本発明の実施の形態のリチウムイオン二次電池に使用するテープの代表例の平面図
【図3】本発明と従来例ならびに比較例の電池の放電カーブを示す図
【図4】従来の薄型二次電池の半断面図
【符号の説明】
1 極板群
1a 端面
2 テープ
3 電池ケース
3a 内部底面
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to improvement of characteristics of a thin secondary battery.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, cordless devices such as mobile phones, camcorders, notebook personal computers, etc. have made remarkable progress in miniaturization, weight reduction, and thinning. Naturally, there is a demand for miniaturization and weight reduction in batteries as drive power sources. Furthermore, there is a growing demand for thin and flat shapes from the viewpoint of thinning the equipment and effective use of space.
[0003]
The prismatic nickel cadmium battery and the prismatic nickel metal hydride battery conventionally used as this thin battery are composed of a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate of a single plate (flat plate) with a laminated structure through a separator to constitute an electrode plate group. Yes. Moreover, in a lithium ion secondary battery which is a new battery, a thin and long positive electrode plate and negative electrode plate are wound in a spiral shape via a separator to constitute an electrode plate group.
[0004]
Furthermore, in order to prevent an internal short circuit, the width of the separator is set wider than the width of the electrode plate. Therefore, both end faces of the electrode plate group have a laminated or spiral structure with only an extra separator.
[0005]
This extra separator is necessary to ensure the reliability of the battery, but it is difficult to handle in battery manufacturing, especially when the electrode plate group is inserted into the battery case, the separator is caught on the end surface of the case, or the separator is turned over. As a result, there is a problem that the electrode plate is exposed. Therefore, shrinkage is caused by heat as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-150900, or tape is attached and bundled as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-195204. It is common.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the injection of the electrolytic solution, generally, a method of substituting the air and the electrolytic solution between the electrode plates by using centrifugation, decompression, and both centrifugal and decompression methods, and the electrode plate group is a battery case. A tape is attached to the end surface opposite to the bottom of the electrode, and when the electrolyte is injected, the space between the electrode plates interferes with the replacement of the electrolyte solution, so that the electrolyte sufficiently penetrates between the electrode plates. However, there is a problem in terms of manufacturing and characteristics that a long time is required or a space is left between the electrode plates, resulting in uneven reaction of the electrode plates, and a predetermined charge / discharge capacity cannot be secured.
[0007]
The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, to facilitate penetration of the electrode plates of the electrolytic solution in the injecting operation of the thin battery having a spiral-shaped electrode group, time saving battery manufacturing process In addition, an object is to provide a high-capacity thin battery having stable charge / discharge characteristics.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a thin formed by inserting the electrode plate group in which the cross-sectional shape of the electrode assembly by winding a negative electrode plate and the separator and the positive electrode plate in the spiral is constructed from flat portion and a curved portion in the prismatic battery case in the secondary battery, the planar portion of the lower end surface of the electrode plate group to be the battery case insertion side, by being covered by a tape having voids, holding the variation of the electrode plate, while securing insulation between the casing In the liquid injection process, the electrolyte can be easily penetrated between the electrode plates.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
FIG. 1 shows a thin battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electrode plate group 1, a positive electrode plate and negative electrode plate and a spiral electrode group formed by winding a separator interposed therebetween. The flat portion of this time the spiral of the lower end face 1a of the electrode plate group 1, coated with the tape 2 having voids, inner bottom surface 3a and the spiral of the lower end face 1a of the electrode plate group 1 of the battery case 3 facing To be configured.
[0011]
In FIG. 2, the representative example of the tape which has the space | gap used for the thin secondary battery in one embodiment of this invention is shown.
[0012]
FIG. 4 shows a conventional thin battery. In the conventional thin battery, the tape 2 covering the layered or spiral end face 1a of the electrode plate group 1 does not have a gap. Reference numeral 3 denotes a battery case having an inner bottom surface 3a.
[0013]
In examining the embodiment of the present invention, a lithium ion secondary battery having the following configuration was used.
[0014]
A positive electrode plate in which lithium cobaltate as a positive electrode active material is applied to an aluminum foil, a negative electrode plate in which carbon as a negative electrode active material is applied to a copper foil, and an electrode plate group in which a separator of a porous polyethylene resin sheet is wound in a spiral shape Lithium hexafluorophosphate in an organic solvent in which the cross-sectional shape of the electrode comprises an electrode plate group composed of a flat surface portion and a curved surface portion , and ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate and methyl propionate are mixed in a predetermined ratio with the electrolyte Using an organic electrolytic solution in which 1.5 mol / liter is dissolved, the electrode plate group is inserted into a nickel-plated iron bottomed rectangular case, the organic electrolytic solution is injected, and the sealing lid plate is crimp-sealed. Thus, a lithium ion secondary battery was constructed.
[0015]
The dimensions of this battery are 6 mm in thickness, 30 mm in width, and 48 mm in height.
Further, the dimensions of the electrode plate group, the thickness 5.4 mm, width 29.0 mm, a height of 40 mm, the flat portion of the lower end face 1a of the electrode plate group facing the inner bottom surface 3a of the battery case 3, the width 9 mm, It is covered with a tape 2 based on a polypropylene film having a length of 20 mm, and extra separators are bundled.
[0016]
The flat portion of the lower end face 1a of the spiral electrode group 1, the battery A of the present invention the cell constituted by coated tape 2 having 50% porosity.
[0017]
A battery constituted by covering the layered end face 1a of the laminated electrode plate group 1 with a tape 2 having a porosity of 50% is referred to as a battery B of a reference example .
[0018]
The flat portion of the spiral electrode group 1 under end face 1a, the battery C of the present invention the cell constituted by coated tape 2 having a void ratio of 5%.
[0019]
The flat portion of the spiral electrode group 1 under end face 1a, the battery D of the present invention the cell constituted by coated tape 2 having a% porosity 90.
[0020]
【Example】
In order to investigate the effect of the present invention, batteries of the following conventional examples and comparative examples were produced by the same method as that described in the above embodiment except for the following conditions.
[0021]
A battery in which a spiral end face of a spiral electrode plate group is covered with a tape having no gap is referred to as a conventional battery E.
[0022]
A battery in which the layered end face of the laminated electrode plate group is covered with a tape having no gap is referred to as a conventional battery F.
[0023]
A battery configured without covering the spiral end face of the spiral electrode group with a tape is referred to as a comparative battery G.
[0024]
A battery constituted by not covering the layered end faces of the laminated electrode plate group with tape is referred to as a comparative battery H.
[0025]
(Performance comparison experiment 1)
Electrode wetting time in the injection process of the battery of the present invention, the conventional battery, and the comparative battery, that is, after injecting the electrolyte, the electrolyte penetrates between the electrodes, and the surface of the electrode is evenly distributed Table 1 shows the results until the time until wetting was obtained.
[0026]
[Table 1]
[0027]
As can be seen from Table 1, the battery of the present invention can significantly reduce the wetting time of the electrode plate as compared with the conventional battery, and is equivalent to the comparative battery. Since the comparative battery does not have a tape, the separator causes various problems in battery production as described in the prior art.
[0028]
(Performance comparison experiment 2)
The discharge capacity and discharge curve of the battery of the present invention, the conventional battery, and the comparative battery were examined, the discharge capacity is shown in Table 2, and the discharge curve of the battery is shown in FIG.
[0029]
The charge / discharge conditions are shown below.
[0030]
[Table 2]
[0031]
As can be seen from Table 2 and FIG. 3, the battery of the present invention has a larger discharge capacity and less variation than the conventional battery.
[0032]
Further, it can be seen that these effects hardly change even when the porosity of the tape is changed to 5%, 50%, and 90%.
[0033]
Na us, but no difference in performance shown in Table 2 and FIG. 3 is a battery of comparative example batteries of the present invention, Comparative Example battery because there is no tape, separator intended to cause problems in manufacturing a battery is there.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention, a flat portion of the lower end surface of the spiral of the electrode plate group of the thin secondary battery, by coating with a tape having voids, caught separator the electrode plate group when inserting the battery case, or curled This has the effect of shortening the electrode plate liquid wetting time during the injection process.
[0035]
In addition, since there is no space where the electrolyte does not permeate between the electrode plates, the discharge capacity is large and the capacity variation is small, which is effective in increasing the capacity of the thin secondary battery and stabilizing the characteristics.
[0036]
Although the lithium ion secondary battery has been described in the embodiment of the present invention, the same effect can be obtained in other battery systems such as a nickel cadmium battery and a nickel hydrogen battery.
[0037]
Furthermore, not only polypropylene but also polyethylene, polyamide, polyimide, fluororesin, glass cloth, etc. can be used for the tape substrate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a half sectional view of a lithium ion secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a bottom view thereof. FIG. 2 is a tape used for a lithium ion secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing discharge curves of the battery of the present invention and the conventional and comparative examples. FIG. 4 is a half sectional view of a conventional thin secondary battery.
1 Electrode plate group 1a End face 2 Tape 3 Battery case 3a Internal bottom face

Claims (4)

正極板と負極板とセパレータを渦巻状に巻回した極板群の断面形状が平面部と曲面部から構成されている極板群を角形電池ケース内に挿入してなる薄型二次電池において、前記電池ケース挿入側となる極板群の下端面の平面部が、空隙を有するテープによって被覆されていることを特徴とする薄型二次電池。In a thin secondary battery sectional shape of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate and the electrode group wound in a spiral separator is formed by inserting the electrode plate group that is composed of flat portion and a curved portion in the prismatic battery case , flat portion of the lower end surface of the electrode plate group to be the battery case insertion side, a thin secondary battery characterized in that it is covered by a tape having voids. テープの空隙率を5%以上90%以下としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の薄型二次電池。  2. A thin secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the tape has a porosity of 5% to 90%. テープの基材をポリエチレンポリプロピレンポリアミドポリイミドフッ素樹脂のいずれかより成るフィルムあるいは不織布としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の薄型二次電池。2. The thin secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the tape base material is a film or non-woven fabric made of polyethylene , polypropylene , polyamide , polyimide , or fluororesin. テープの基材をガラスクロスとしたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の薄型二次電池。  2. The thin secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the tape base material is a glass cloth.
JP09432498A 1998-04-07 1998-04-07 Thin secondary battery Expired - Lifetime JP3651250B2 (en)

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JP4951168B2 (en) * 2000-12-25 2012-06-13 トータル ワイヤレス ソリューショオンズ リミテッド Sheet-like lithium secondary battery
US6844109B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2005-01-18 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Li-ion and/or Li-ion polymer battery with edge protectors
JP5128769B2 (en) * 2005-12-21 2013-01-23 Necエナジーデバイス株式会社 Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
KR101243435B1 (en) * 2006-05-08 2013-03-13 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Secondary battery
WO2009113470A1 (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-17 日本電気株式会社 Coating material and film-wrapped electric device
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