JP3650693B2 - Agricultural product internal quality inspection system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention is used in an apparatus for sorting and sorting agricultural products.Related to agricultural product inspection system,For example, almost spherical agglomerated agricultural products such as Saijo and melonAgricultural product internal quality inspection system that can detect the internal transmitted light of the agricultural product and detect the sound of the hitting sound on a single conveying line while the product is placed on the tray.It is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the past, sorting and sorting of agricultural products was performed based on class factors such as size and weight, but since then, with the progress of image processing technology accompanying the development of computer technology, the color and appearance of agricultural products are damaged. Grade elements such as presence / absence are often incorporated into sorting information, and more recently, it is required to use not only the grade elements that can be visually recognized but also internal quality as sorting information. Is increasing.
[0003]
This means that even if the agricultural products are good in appearance, there are defects (cavities) in the interior, agricultural products with poor ripeness and poor taste, which will detract from the expectations of consumers (end buyers). This is also because the traders and producers may suffer from the disadvantage that the products and trades are not properly evaluated.
[0004]
For example, when sorting and sorting relatively large agricultural products such as Saijo and melon as one of the elements of sorting for internal quality, the agricultural products are struck by hand or mechanical hitting means. It has traditionally been possible to detect and measure internal defects and maturity (overripe, immature, suitable), etc. related to acoustics by sensory inspection based on the experience of the operator and acoustic instrument analysis (waveform analysis, etc.) Known (for example, JP-A-3-95455, JP-A-3-39649, etc.). In addition, these references include examples of a receiving tray suitable for a sorting apparatus that performs acoustic device analysis, a hitting detection including a means for hitting agricultural products on the receiving tray, and a means for collecting sound (hounding sound) generated at the time of hitting. An example device is also disclosed. This sensory judgment and instrumental analysis judgment of internal quality by this sound is used to detect (non-destructively) the internal quality of each agricultural product without destroying the agricultural product (hereinafter simply referred to as “detection”). It is valid.
[0005]
On the other hand, as a non-destructive inspection method for agricultural products for analyzing components directly related to taste such as sugar content and acidity, recently, a method for detecting and determining the internal transmitted light of agricultural products has been attracting attention (for example, special features). (Kaihei 6-288903, JP-A-7-25397, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 7-26709, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-72712).
[0006]
This non-destructive inspection method for the quality of agricultural products by detection of transmitted light is intended for detecting extremely weak light in which the transmitted light is attenuated to 1 / 1,000,000 or more of the light that illuminates the agricultural product. Although it is not easy to construct a sorting apparatus with high processing efficiency while aiming at shading, for example, the agricultural products are illuminated while being transported on a saucer having a through hole in the vertical direction in the center, and downward through the through hole. There have also been proposed examples of a saucer having a special structure that enables detection of internally transmitted light derived from the above and a sorting device using the same.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, for non-destructive detection of information indicating the internal quality used to sort and sort agricultural products such as potatoes and melons, the internal quality of internal defects (cavities) and maturity are mainly used. There are known methods for detecting the percussive sound as an analysis index and transmitted light detection methods as an internal quality analysis index mainly related to taste such as sugar content and acidity. When using this, there is a need for a mechanized and automated sorting device that can detect this efficiently. However, there has not yet been proposed a suitable device for detecting and measuring these detections with a single sorting device.
[0008]
By the way, in order to perform sound detection and transmitted light detection mechanically by a sorting device, it is common to work on a predetermined detection stage while transporting agricultural products on a receiving tray. It is conceivable to configure one sorter by combining the detection means of the two sorters.
[0009]
However, it is not easy to construct a tray and a sorting device having a structure suitable for detecting information (intensification sound and transmitted light) indicating the internal quality of the two agricultural products. Therefore, in order to solve this, a combination of a conveyance line including a sound detection stage and a receiving tray for sound detection for conveying agricultural products thereon, a conveyance line including a transmitted light detection stage, and conveyance of agricultural products thereon It is conceivable to use a sorting apparatus having two transport lines each equipped with a combination of receiving trays for detecting transmitted light. However, in this way, there is a problem that it becomes a sorting device with extremely poor workability of transferring agricultural products between these two conveyance lines, and each conveyance compared to the case of using a tray that can be shared and shared. There is also a problem that the number of trays is doubled and the cost increases because a tray is required for each line.
[0010]
  The inventor does not need to transfer the agricultural product between the two conveyance lines under the conventional technique as described above, and while the tray supporting the agricultural product is conveyed on the single conveyance line, Agricultural products that can detect and transmit light sequentiallyInternal quality inspection systemProvideIs something to try.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  A configuration that realizes the object of the present invention is a tray that is adapted to an internal transmitted light detecting device of a system that receives transmitted light from within an agricultural product supported by a support portion through a through hole provided in a lower portion, and the transmitted light is Can be stretched and shielded from external light, and can move up and down in an upward movement state in which the annular upper end abuts the bottom surface of the agricultural product supported by the support portion by an upward upward elastic force and in a downward movement state contracted downward And a receiving plate provided with a swinging lever having a swinging fulcrum near the outer end of the tray and swinging in conjunction with the vertical movement of the detection barrel. Agricultural products to be sorted and sorted are transported onto a transport means, and transmitted light transmitted through the agricultural product supported by the tray is detected at a position below the tray by the internal transmitted light detector arranged in the middle of the transport of the transport means. The sound detection device arranged in the middle of conveyance of the conveyance means An internal quality inspection system for agricultural products for detecting sound when hitting agricultural products supported on a dish and obtaining sorting sorting information of the agricultural products based on information detected by the internal transmitted light detection device and the sound detection device In this case, the downward movement state is released by pressing a portion on the rear end side relative to the swing fulcrum of the swing lever in the downward movement state with respect to the tray conveyed to the internal transmitted light detection device. An upward movement switching drive device is disposed in front of the internal transmitted light detection device, and presses a portion on the tip side of the rocking fulcrum of the rocking lever against the saucer transported to the hammering sound detection device. A downward movement switching drive device for constraining the swing lever in the upward movement state to the downward movement state is disposed in a front stage of the hitting detection device, and the lower movement switching drive device and the hitting detection device In between, agricultural products supported by the saucer It is characterized in that a tapping sound measurement position detecting apparatus for calculating are arranged to optimum striking position by measuring the total height of the.
[0012]
  In the above-described invention, the internal transmitted light detection device is arranged on the upstream side of the tray conveyance with respect to the hitting sound detection device..
[0013]
  In the above configuration,The structure of the saucer that effectively realizes the work of detecting transmitted light is the weak light that attenuates the internal transmitted light of the produce, so the detection cylinder is engaged with the produce so that no external light enters. A structure that ensures an optically sealed state is suitable. On the other hand, in the sound detection work, the propagation of the sound generated when hitting the agricultural product is affected by the presence or absence of the contact object and the material of the contact object. Is desired. Thus, the structure of the pan suitable for the detection of each piece of information is not necessarily common, but rather the structure suitable for one detection work becomes unsuitable for the other detection work, and thus suitable for each information detection. The above-mentioned structure that can secure the state is adopted.
[0014]
In the above-described configuration, the tray may be connected to the transport means, may be a so-called free tray type that is not connected to the transport means, and may be either a flat circular shape or a rectangular shape. It may be. As the conveying means for conveying the tray, an appropriate one such as a roller conveyor, a roller conveyor, a belt conveyor, or a chain conveyor can be used, and one that continuously conveys and drives can be used. For this reason, an intermittent drive type that is normally stopped for a certain period of time at the sound detection stage is preferably used.
[0015]
The structure and shape of the support portion of the produce formed on the saucer is not particularly limited as long as it can stably support (carry) the produce placed thereon, but based on the sound to be detected. In order to reduce the variation in the determination of the internal quality to be analyzed, it is desirable to have a structure that supports by point contact at multiple locations so that there is no large difference in the support contact area between agricultural products of different sizes, for example, Four protrusions described in JP-A-3-39649, JP-A-3-95455 and the like are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and an inner inclined surface inclined downward inward of each protrusion is defined as a support contact surface. A preferable example is a four-point support structure.
[0016]
  In the above-described configuration, the annular upper end portion that annularly engages with the bottom surface of the agricultural product of the transmitted light detection cylinder has a configuration as a receiving seat that is suitable for optically sealing by engaging with the bottom surface of the agricultural product. Is provided. For example, it is also preferable to use an elastic material so as to have a single or multiple seal lip portion whose diameter increases upward. In the above description, the term “bottom surface of the agricultural product” means that the agricultural product is in the shape of a ball lump, and thus the range of the bottom surface is undetermined in a strict sense. In general, it refers to the range near the top of the bottom and the vicinity of the bottom. In addition, this detection cylinder has an annular upper end that can move up and down between an upward movement state and a downward movement state while maintaining light shielding properties inside and outside the cylinder body.The
[0017]
In addition, the annular upper end of the detection cylinder is switched between an upward movement state and a downward movement state, but since the size of the agricultural product supported on the tray is not constant, the position of the upward movement state is not constant. Therefore, it will be given to each agricultural product over a predetermined height range, so that the spring force is biased upward to the uppermost point of the predetermined height range or higher at this annular upper end. Configured to bedoing. On the other hand, since the position of the downward movement state is given as a position away from the agricultural product, it can be given as a fixed height position.
[0020]
According to the present invention, in order to detect transmitted light, the annular upper end of the tray is moved upward to ensure an optical sealing state between the detection cylinder and the agricultural product, so that no disturbance light enters. Sensitive and accurate transmitted light detection can be performed. In order to detect the hitting sound, it is possible to detect the hitting sound in a supporting state with a small contact area by the support part by disengaging the contact engagement with the produce by moving the annular upper end part downward.
[0021]
  Extendable in the vertical directionTube for detectionAs a typical example, a structure having a cylindrical shape formed of a fiber product such as a cloth having a light-shielding property or a soft sheet-like synthetic resin member can be given.
[0022]
According to these inventions, when the transmitted light detection cylinder is switched between the upward movement state and the downward movement state, the structure of the cylinder is stable. Absent.
[0024]
A typical example of the elastic body that gives upward elastic force to the annular upper end portion is a compression coil spring disposed around the outer periphery of the transmitted light detecting cylinder. It is not limited.
[0026]
  The above configurationSince the state of the annular upper end portion of the detection cylinder at the time of transmitted light detection and hitting sound detection is reliably held in the upward movement state or the downward movement state, it is possible to reliably detect such information. it can.
[0028]
  In addition, the total height measurement by the sound measurement position detection device,Measurement of the highest and lowest points of supporting agricultural productsDoWhen hitting sound, hitting pointofOptimal position (for example, the middle position between the top and bottom points: the maximum diameter position)In what you wantIn order to perform the measurement from the side, it is possible to configure a long slit extending vertically from the top to the bottom of the produce at the diametrical position of the flat circular produce support of the saucer. The four protrusions described in JP-A-3-39649, JP-A-3-95455, etc. are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the inner slope inclined downward inward of each protrusion is used as a support contact surface. In the four-point support type tray, measurement can be performed from an intermediate gap where the protrusions are intermittent.
[0032]
  According to this invention, the saucer to be conveyedInspectionThe annular upper end of the cylinder for delivery can be mechanically switched between a state in which it is in contact engagement with the supporting agricultural product (upward movement state) and a state in which it is separated (downward movement state). Downward movement switching drive in front of the mounting position (supply position) on the saucerEquipmentBy placing, the state of the detection cylinder when the worker places the produce on the trayDownIf kept in a moving state, the detection cylinder does not affect the work of placing agricultural products at all, so the work becomes easy.
[0036]
  According to this invention, the saucer detects the hitting sound.apparatusSince the empty tray is returned to the next agricultural product supply position after being transported downstream while being held in a state where it has passed through (the detection cylinder is in a downward movement state) and the agricultural product is taken out for boxing, Detection of transmitted light with no hindrance to the work of placing agricultural productsapparatusIt is sufficient that the detection cylinder is moved upward when it is carried into the vehicle, and the upward / downward movement switching drive means is used to detect transmitted light.apparatusStage and sound detectionapparatusThere is an advantage that it only needs to be installed in two places in front of.
[0037]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0038]
Embodiment 1
  This example shown by FIGS. 1-9 uses transmitted light information and percussion information indicating the internal quality of Saijo P, which is an agricultural product, using the saucer 1 that is transported without being connected to a free-tray transport conveyor. Agricultural product sorting device to detect in this orderInternal quality inspection system for agricultural products1 shows an example of the configuration outline of and a structure of the receiving tray 1 having a planar rectangular shape used for this.
[0039]
  FIG. 1 is provided in the middle of this agricultural product sorting apparatus.Configure internal quality inspection system for agricultural productsThe outline of the conveyance line from the transmitted light detection stage to the hitting sound detection stage is shown in a plan view, from the position of the agricultural product supply position on the upstream side of the conveyance (not shown), that is, the position where the worker performs the work of placing the agricultural product on the tray 1 The relationship between the conveying means 2 configured to include a pair of parallel narrow conveyor belts 201 and 202 that rotate endlessly and conveys the receiving tray 1 and the receiving tray 1 that is carried on the receiving tray 1 is shown.
[0040]
That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 8, the transport unit 2 of the present example is configured to form a transport surface for transporting the tray 1 and to provide a transport driving force. The tray transport drive mechanism and the tray transport guide mechanism configured to position the tray 1 in the lateral direction of transport.
[0041]
And the former saucer conveyance drive mechanism is arranged in parallel in parallel so that the narrow conveyor belts 201 and 202 endlessly rotate in the vertical plane as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 8 in this example. In the upper track in the vertical plane, the track is guided by a fixed guide rail 203 having left and right rising flanges so that it does not fluctuate laterally and can support the weight. The conveyor belts 201 and 202 are endlessly rotated by guide rollers 204 (see FIG. 3) arranged at fixed positions at appropriate intervals so as not to sag. Note that 205 and 206 shown in FIG. 8 are drive pulleys for rotationally driving the conveyor belts 201 and 202 arranged in parallel as described above, and the drive pulleys 205 and 206 have a common drive shaft in this example. They are connected and rotated by a common drive motor 207.
[0042]
Also, the latter tray transport guide mechanism includes guide rails 210, 210 on the left and right sides of the tray transport that are part of a frame 2101 provided as a part of a device fixing portion such as the drive motor 207 and the fixed guide rail 203. The guide rollers 110, 110 provided so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis are respectively engaged with the lower portions on both sides in the horizontal direction of the tray 1.
[0043]
The tray 1 that supports the agricultural product is transported on a predetermined predetermined trajectory by the transporting means of the tray 1 of the present example configured by the tray transport driving mechanism and the tray transport guide mechanism.
[0044]
Next, the characteristic configuration of the present example will be described. The tray 1 in this example has four supports for forming support portions for placing agricultural products (for example, rice cake) P on the upper surface of the flat rectangular tray body 101. The legs 102 are divided and arranged at the four corners of the front and rear and left and right rectangles in the tray conveying direction, and each support leg 102 is configured to have a support tapered surface 1021 that is inclined obliquely downward toward the center of the tray 1. Yes. In addition, a vertical through hole 103 is provided at the center of the tray body 101, and a bottom plate 104 is fixed to the lower end opening of the through hole 103. A transmission light detecting cylinder (hereinafter referred to as “detection cylinder”) 105 having a bellows-shaped body portion formed of an elastic member such as rubber, and an exterior coil spring 106 surrounding the detection cylinder 105. The lower end is fixed. The upper end portion of the coil spring 106 is connected to the annular upper end portion 1051 of the detection cylinder 105, and the annular upper end portion 1051 is pushed upward by a spring force. By forming the bellows-shaped detection cylinder 105 with an elastic member such as rubber as described above, the detection cylinder 105 as a whole becomes a body that can be expanded and contracted by an elastic force. For this reason, the mounting of the outer coil spring 106 can be omitted. However, as shown in FIG. 2, the combination of the detection cylinder 105 and the coil spring 106 causes a buckling phenomenon when the detection cylinder 105 is contracted. In addition, the outer coil spring 106 itself can be reduced in spring force as compared with the non-elastic bellows structure detection cylinder, and is preferable from the advantage that the structure of the spring can be simplified (compact) and inexpensive. Reference numeral 1041 denotes an opening for deriving transmitted light of the bottom plate 104.
[0045]
Further, on the upper surface of the saucer main body 101, a groove 1011 extending over the entire range in the horizontal direction of the transport except for the part of the through hole 103 is extended, and as shown in FIG. The total height can be measured, and a swing lever 107 is pivotally supported by a fulcrum pin 1071 at the bottom of the groove 1011 as shown in FIG. A grip device 108 is provided as lever swing restraining means for restraining the swing of the moving lever 107. The swinging tip of the swinging lever 107 is provided in a substantially U-shaped bifurcated portion 1072 as shown in FIG. 7, and a long slot 1073 is provided at the distal end of the bifurcated portion 1072. Thus, the engagement pin 10511 that protrudes radially outward from the annular upper end portion 1051 of the detection cylinder 105 is loosely fitted in the elongated hole 1073, so that the upper end portion 1051 of the detection cylinder 105 is・ It follows the movement of the downward movement and swings in conjunction with it.
[0046]
An outline of the grip device 108 is shown in FIG. 6, and grip balls 1081 opposed to the left and right sides of the swing lever 107 are spring-biased inward by springs 1082 accommodated in the lateral grooves 1083. The swing lever 107 is engaged in a recess 1074 provided at a corresponding position of the swing lever 107 so that the swing of the swing lever 107 is restrained in this tilted state. When the swinging force is applied, the swinging restraint of the lever 107 is released by overcoming the fitting force of the grip ball 1801 to the swinging lever recess 1074 by the spring 1082.
[0047]
The relationship between the restraint and release of the swing by the swing lever 107 and the movement of the detection cylinder 105 is shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4. When the moving lever 107 is tilted counterclockwise in FIG. 4, the swing lever 107 is received in the groove 1011 and the grip ball 1801 is fitted into the swing lever recess 1074 by the action of the grip device 108. This state is maintained even when the downward movement switching drive means 3 returns to the initial position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 4), and the swing of the swing lever 107 is constrained. Since the tip of the swing lever 107 is linked to the annular upper end 1051 of the detection cylinder 105 as described above, the detection cylinder 105 compresses the coil spring 106 due to the fall of the lever. This is referred to as “downward movement state”). The restraining force of lever swing by the grip device 108 is provided so that the coil spring 106 can overcome the spring force that attempts to move the annular upper end 1051 of the detection cylinder 105 upward. Needless to say. On the other hand, the end opposite to the swinging tip of the swinging lever 107 in the restrained state as described above across the fulcrum pin 1071 is rotated clockwise as shown in FIG. By striking in the direction, the swing restraint of the swing lever 107 by the grip device 108 is released, and the annular upper end portion 1051 of the detection cylinder 105 is expanded by the coil spring 106 and moved upward by the spring force at that time. Transition to the upward movement state shown in FIG. The swing lever 107 swings following this movement.
[0048]
Here, returning to FIG. 1, the description will be further made. On the tray 1 transported by the tray transporting drive mechanism and the tray transport guide mechanism described above, the worker places the agricultural product P at an agricultural product supply position (not shown). At this time, it is preferable that the detection cylinder 105 of the tray 1 is in a downward movement state in which the swing lever 107 is restrained in a tilted state as shown in FIG. This is because, when placing agricultural products, the detection cylinder 105 does not interfere with the loading work as compared with the case where the detection cylinder 105 is in the upward movement state.
[0049]
As shown in FIG. 1, the tray 1 on which the agricultural product P is placed as described above is first a transmitted light detection device for detecting information such as sugar content, which is one of sorting and sorting information based on internal quality. In the preceding stage, the upper movement switching drive means 4 releases the restraint of the swing lever 107 by the grip device 108. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the upward movement switching drive means 4 includes an upward movement drive lever 401 in which an intermediate portion of a “<” shape is pivotally supported by a pin 402 on a fixed bracket 2102 provided on the frame 2101, The upper moving drive lever 401 is connected between one end 4011 and the frame, and is configured to include a driving cylinder device 403 that rotates the upper moving drive lever 401 by expansion and contraction. The actuating portion 4012 at the other end is configured to strike the end on the opposite side of the oscillating tip of the oscillating lever 107 with the fulcrum pin 1071 interposed therebetween. The upward drive lever 401 of the upward movement switching drive means 4 is normally in the posture shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2, and the drive cylinder 403 is in a state where the tray 1 being transported is temporarily stopped by the stopper device 404. As a result, the upper drive lever 401 is rotated, and its operating portion 4012 strikes the end of the swing lever 107 (see the solid line in FIG. 2). As a result, the swing restraint of the swing lever 107 is released, and the annular upper end portion 1051 of the detection cylinder 105 is moved upward by the spring force of the coil spring 106, and the annular upper end portion 1051 is annularly engaged with the bottom surface portion of the produce P. Match. The annular upper end portion 1051 is provided in a structure suitable for optically sealing the inside and outside of the annular engagement. In this example, the entire detection cylinder 105 is formed using an elastic material such as rubber. In addition, the upper end of the annular upper end portion 1051 is formed in a seal lip shape having a diameter gradually increasing upward. The stopper device 404 is normally buried under the conveyance path, and stops the conveyance of the tray 1 by protruding on the conveyance path by the operation of the cylinder. The same applies to the stopper apparatus described below.
[0050]
The agricultural product on the saucer 1 that secures the optical sealing state in which the annular upper end portion 1051 of the detection cylinder 105 is moved upward and engaged with the bottom surface of the agricultural product P is carried into the transmitted light detection device 5. The
[0051]
In the transmitted light detection device 5 of this example, illumination chambers 501 are provided on both sides of the conveyance path above the conveyance path, and a plurality of illumination lamps 502 arranged in the illumination chamber 501 are respectively provided. It is provided so as to irradiate illumination light in a substantially central direction. In order to make the amount of illumination light constant, it is also preferable to use a dark room box that includes the illumination room 501 and is shielded from outside by a curtain or the like. A light receiving optical device 503 for detecting transmitted light is disposed in the dark room box 504 on the lower side of the conveyance path at the center position of the illumination chambers 501 and 501. According to the transmitted light detection device 5 provided in this way, the detection cylinder 105 provided so as to form a vertically penetrating cylinder is annularly engaged with the bottom surface of the agricultural product P at its upper end, and the disturbance light is transmitted. It is possible to create a close contact state that prevents intrusion, and it is relatively easy to move the lower end of the light receiving optical device 503 without the intrusion of disturbing light. Transmitted light detection without intrusion is possible, and attenuation from illumination light is 10^-Four-10^-6In this way, it is possible to detect extremely weak transmitted light with high sensitivity and accuracy.
[0052]
With the above configuration, it is possible to detect light transmitted through the inside of the agricultural product P carried on the tray 1 with high sensitivity and accuracy.
[0053]
The agricultural product in which the internal transmitted light is detected as described above is then carried into the sound detection device 6 in order to detect an internal defect or the like which is another internal quality. The swing lever 107 is tilted by the movement switching drive means 3 and the swing is restrained by the grip device 108. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the downward movement switching drive means 3 includes a downward movement drive lever 301 in which an intermediate portion of a “<” shape is pivotally supported by a pin 302 on a fixed bracket 2103 provided on a frame 2101, The lower drive lever 301 is connected to one end 3011 of the lower drive lever 301 and a frame, and the drive cylinder 303 rotates the expander drive lever 301 by expansion and contraction. The end actuating portion 3012 swings the swing lever 107 in the counterclockwise direction of FIG. 4 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4), accommodates the lever 107 in the groove 1011, and swings the grip device 108. It is comprised so that dynamic restraint may be made. The downward movement drive lever 301 of the downward movement switching drive means 3 is normally in the posture shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4, and the drive cylinder 303 is in a state where the tray 1 being conveyed is temporarily stopped by the stopper device 304. Is extended, the lower drive lever 301 is rotated, and its operating portion 3012 tilts the end of the swing lever 107 to the state of the solid line in FIG. As a result, the grip ball 1081 of the grip device 108 is fitted into the recess 1074 of the swing lever 107 and the swing is restrained, and the annular upper end 1051 is held in the downward movement state spaced downward from the agricultural product P.
[0054]
Thus, the saucer 1 in the state of FIG. 5 in which the annular upper end 1051 of the detection cylinder 105 is moved downward from the agricultural product P is carried into the sound measurement position detection device 7 of FIG. The stopper device 710 temporarily stops the operation.
[0055]
Details of the hitting sound measurement position detection device 7 of this example are shown in FIG. That is, a rotary drive shaft 703 that is driven and rotated by a drive motor 702 extends horizontally on an upper part of a frame 701 that is configured in a gate shape so as to straddle the conveyance track, and is attached to the rotary drive shaft 703. A pair of chains 706 and 706 that rotate in the vertical direction with the conveying track of the saucer in the horizontal direction is arranged by the drive sprockets 704 and 704 and the driven sprockets 705 and 705 assembled to the lower part of the portal frame 701. The photoelectric sensors 707 and 708 facing each other at the same height are synchronously moved up and down by the pair of chains 706 and 706, and light is projected and received between them (one is a light emitting element and the other is a light receiving element). ) Can be measured by detecting the positions of the upper limit and the lower limit that are blocked by the agricultural product P. In order to detect the upper and lower height positions, the drive motor 702 can be used in combination with an encoder that generates a pulse (signal) at every fixed rotation angle, or a pulse motor. The total height measurement of the agricultural products by the photoelectric sensors 707 and 708 is performed by stopping the tray 1 with the stopper device 710 so that the groove 1011 of the tray 1 is positioned in the light projecting / receiving optical path.
[0056]
Based on the result of measuring the total height of the agricultural product P as described above, the optimal hitting position for detecting the hitting sound with respect to the agricultural product P is calculated by an arithmetic device not shown. As this optimum hitting position, generally, a height that is ½ of the total height of the agricultural product P is selected.
[0057]
Next, the tray 1 is carried into the sound detection device 6 and is temporarily stopped by the stopper device 610.
[0058]
The details of this hammering sound detection device 6 of this example are shown in FIG. 9, a hammer device 61 that strikes the agricultural product P at the optimum hammering position measured and calculated by the hammering sound measurement position detection device 7, and this hammering A sound collecting device 62 that collects the generated vibration wave (sounding sound) and a hammering sound detection moving device 63 that moves the hammer device 61 and the sound collecting device 62 to a predetermined height position are combined. ing.
[0059]
Among the hitting sound detection devices 6, the hitting detection moving device 63 includes a rectangular quadrilateral frame 631 that surrounds the position where the tray 1 is stopped by the stopper 610 in the state shown in FIG. .. Are guided to the vertical through-holes 6312, 6312... Of the flanges 6311, 6311... Provided at the four corners of the rectangular quadrilateral 631. .., And a support frame 633 that is integrally provided on the frame 631 and supports the hammer device 61 and the sound collector 62. And a drive motor 634 for vertical movement suspended by a chain 635 so that the support frame 633 integrated with the frame 631 can be moved to a predetermined height position. Reference numeral 6341 denotes a sprocket that is driven and rotated by the drive motor 634. The drive motor 634 can be used in combination with an encoder that generates a pulse (signal) at every fixed rotation angle, or a pulse motor.
[0060]
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the hammer device 61 of the present example is configured to be supported by a pair of support frames 633 before and after the tray conveying direction, and to strike the produce P with the hammer 611 at a predetermined timing. The details of the configuration and operation will be described later. Reference numeral 636 denotes a fixed frame to which the drive motor 634 is fixed.
[0061]
The hammer device 61 includes a hammer 611, a hammer 611 and a swing drive device 612 that swings the hammer 611 for hitting agricultural products. The hammer horizontal movement device 613 moves to the optimum hitting position in the horizontal direction, and the details are shown in FIG. 10, but for convenience of explanation in FIG. The microphone 621 is illustrated in a positional relationship facing the microphone 621.
[0062]
The hitting sound detection device 6 having the above configuration is calculated by first measuring by the hitting sound measurement position detection device 7 when the tray 1 on which the agricultural product is placed is brought into a predetermined hitting sound detection position and stopped. Descent from above by the rotation of the drive motor 634 that holds the support frame 633 integral with the frame 631 to the position of the optimum hitting height in the vertical direction (generally, the position of half of the total height as described above). Is done. And it stops at the said optimal hit | damage height which strikes the agricultural product P. FIG. Next, the hammer 611 is moved in the horizontal direction by the hammer horizontal movement device 613 so that the hammer 611 is brought close to the agricultural product to the optimum hitting position. This optimum hitting position is performed so that the direction of hitting with the hammer 611 and the strength of hitting are constant for the agricultural products P having different sizes.
[0063]
The hammer horizontal movement device 613 includes a screw shaft 6134 on which a slide device 6131 is rotated by a servo motor 6133, and an upper non-rotatable shoe 6132 on which the hammer device 61 is suspended is screwed relative to the screw shaft 6134. It is configured to be able to move horizontally by screwing so that it can rotate. Accordingly, the screw shaft 6134 is rotated by the rotation of the servo motor 6133, whereby the hammer device 61 suspended from the shoe 6132 is moved toward and away from the agricultural product P.
[0064]
Further, the hammer device 61 of this example is assembled so that the upper end of the handle 6111 of the hammer 611 can be switched between restriction and release of rotation around the axis with respect to the driven sprocket 6112, and the drive shaft of the driven sprocket 6112 and the drive motor 614. The chain 615 is mounted between the driving sprocket 6141 and the driven sprocket 6141 so that the rotation of the driven sprocket 6112 restrains the rotation of the driven sprocket 6112 around the axis. It is provided so as to rotate to a predetermined angle indicated by a chain line. Then, the hammer 611 rotated to the predetermined angle releases the restraint of the rotation of the hammer 611 around the axis of the handle 6111 with respect to the axis of the driven sprocket 6112 so that the hammer 611 rotates in the clockwise direction in FIG. It is rotated and hits the agricultural product P. When the hammer 611 is slightly swung back and forth due to the reaction of the impact, for example, the rotation around the axis of the handle 6111 of the hammer 611 with respect to the shaft of the driven sprocket 6112 is provided so as to restrain at the time of the return rocking. It is also possible to stop the swinging hammer 611 from rotating and prevent the hammer 611 from tapping twice.
[0065]
With the above operation, the agricultural product P can be hit at the bottom dead center of swinging from the state where the hammer 611 is always inclined at a constant angle, and the hitting direction and hitting force can be stabilized.
[0066]
Next, the sound collecting device 62 of this example will be described, which is configured as follows. That is, a vibration wave detection sensor (not shown) such as a microphone is wrapped with a sensor pad 622 such as rubber or sponge, and this is assembled as a head 621 to a sensor rod 623, and a cylinder device 624 using the sensor rod 623 as a piston rod is provided. The frame 631 is assembled and fixed. With such a configuration, the sensor rod 623 can be brought into close engagement with the agricultural product by the cylinder device 624, whereby vibration waves at the time of hitting with the hammer 611 can be collected.
[0067]
After detecting the hitting sound, the sensor rod 623 is retracted and separated, and the hammer device 61 is retracted and separated, and the support frame 633 is moved upward to retract the entire apparatus upward.
[0068]
And at the time of the above hitting sound detection, according to the saucer 1 of this example and the sorting apparatus using the same, the detection cylinder used at the time of transmitted light detection is positioned in the downward movement state separated downward from the produce P. Therefore, good hitting sound detection can be realized.
[0069]
【The invention's effect】
  As explained above,Main departureAccording to Ming, information on the sorting quality related to the internal quality of transmitted light detection and sound detection can be sequentially performed on one transport line without transferring agricultural products between the two transport lines, Moreover, in addition to the effect of being able to detect each with high accuracy, the following effects are also achieved.
[0070]
  InspectionIt is possible to detect the transmitted sound with high sensitivity and accuracy without intrusion of ambient light by ensuring a good optical seal between the delivery cylinder and agricultural products. Further, it is possible to detect the hitting sound satisfactorily in a supporting state with a small contact area by separating the contact engagement between the transmitted light detecting cylinder and the agricultural product.
[0073]
  StrikeIt is possible to easily determine the optimum hitting point for sound detection.
[0075]
  Transmitted light detectorThe detection cylinder at the front ofUpliftConditionStateCan be switched andIt is possible to switch the detection cylinder to the downward movement state at the front stage of the hammering detection device.Therefore, the possibility that the detection cylinders are inadvertently different can be reduced.
[0076]
  ReceivingDish detectionapparatusSince the empty tray is returned to the next agricultural product supply position after being transported downstream while being held in a state where it has passed through (the detection cylinder is in a downward movement state) and the agricultural product is taken out for boxing, Detection of transmitted light with no hindrance to the work of placing agricultural productsapparatusIt is sufficient that the detection cylinder is moved upward when it is carried into the vehicle, and if the upper / lower movement switching drive means is installed only in two places, the front stage of the transmitted light detection stage and the front stage of the sound detection stage. The advantage is good.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 Agricultural product sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present inventionInternal quality inspection system for agricultural productsFIG.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the relationship between an upward movement switching drive unit and a saucer in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the transmitted light detection apparatus according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the relationship between a downward movement switching drive unit and a saucer in the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state when measuring the total height of the agricultural product of the first embodiment.
6 is a view for explaining the structure of a grip device that is a swing restraining means of the swing lever of Embodiment 1. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a saucer according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the total height measuring device for agricultural products according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing the sound detection device of the first embodiment.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a hitting sound detection apparatus showing an enlarged part of FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... saucer
101 .. Receptacle body
1011 ... groove
102 ... Support legs
1021 ... Tapered support surface
103 ... through hole
104 ... Bottom plate
1041 ... Opening
105 ... Detection cylinder
1051 ... annular upper end
10511 ... engaging pin
106 ... Coil spring
107 ... swing lever
1071 ... fulcrum pin
1072 ... Fork
1073: Long hole
1074 ... recess
108 ... Grip device
1081 ... Grip ball
1082... Spring
1083: Horizontal groove
110 ... Guide roller
2 ... Conveying means
201, 202 ... conveyor belt
203 ... Fixed guide rail
204 ... Guide roller
205, 206 ... Drive sprocket
207 ... Drive motor
210 ... guide rail
2101 ... Frame
2102 ... Fixing bracket
3 ... Downward movement switching drive device
301 ... Down-drive lever
3011 ... one end
3012 ... Actuator
302 ... pin
303 ... Drive cylinder
304 ... Stopper device
4 ... Upward movement switching drive device
401 ... Upward movement drive lever
4011 ... one end
4012 ... Actuator
402 ... pin
403 ... Driving cylinder
404 ... Stopper device
5 ... Transmitted light detection device
501 ... Lighting room
502 ... Lighting lamp
503: Light receiving optical device
504 ... Dark room box
6 ... Sound detection device
61 ... Hammer device
610 ... Stopper device
611 ... Hammer
6111 ... handle
6112 .. driven sprocket
612 ... Swing drive device
613 ... Horizontal movement device for hammer
6131 ... Slide device
6132 ... Shoe
6133 ... Servo motor
6134 ... Screw shaft
614 ... Driving motor
6141 ... Drive sprocket
615 ... Chain
62 ... Sound collector
621... Head
622 ... Sensor pad
623 ... Sensor rod
624 ... Cylinder device
63 ... Moving device for sound detection
631 ... Frame
6311 ... Flange
6312 ... Up and down direction through hole
632 ... Guide bar
633 ... Support frame
634... Drive motor
6341 ... Sprocket
635 ... Chain
636 ... Fixed frame
7 ... Sound hitting position detection device
701: Frame
702 ... Drive motor
703 ... Rotation drive shaft
704 ... Drive sprocket
705 ... driven sprocket
706 ... Chain
707, 708 ... Photoelectric sensor
710 ... Stopper device

Claims (2)

A receiving tray adapted to an internal transmitted light detection device that receives transmitted light from within the agricultural product supported by the support section through a through-hole provided in the lower portion, and is extendable and retractable to shield the transmitted light from external light. A detection cylinder capable of moving up and down in an upward movement state in which the annular upper end abuts against the bottom surface of the agricultural product supported by the support portion by an upward elastic force toward the bottom and a downward movement state contracted downward; Agricultural products to be sorted and sorted using a tray having a swinging fulcrum near the outer end and provided with a swinging lever that swings in conjunction with the vertical movement of the detection cylinder. The transmitted light transmitted through the agricultural product supported by the tray is detected by the internal transmitted light detection device disposed in the middle of the transport means at a position below the tray, and is disposed in the middle of the transport of the transport means. The hitting sound detection device struck the produce supported on the saucer. Of detecting an acoustic, an internal quality inspection system of agricultural products in order to obtain a sorting sorting information of the agricultural products on the basis of the detected information by the internal transmitted light detection device and the tapping sound detection device,
Upward movement to release the downward movement state by pressing the rear end side of the swinging fulcrum of the swinging lever in the downward movement state with respect to the tray conveyed to the internal transmitted light detection device A switching drive device is disposed in front of the internal transmitted light detection device, and presses a portion on the tip side of the rocking fulcrum of the rocking lever against the tray conveyed to the sound hitting detection device to move the upward movement. A downward movement switching drive device for constraining the swing lever in the state to the downward movement state is disposed in a front stage of the hitting detection device, and between the downward movement switching drive device and the hitting detection device, An internal quality inspection system for agricultural products, in which a hammering sound measurement position detecting device for measuring the total height of the agricultural products supported by the tray and calculating the optimum hitting position is arranged . Internal inspection system of agricultural products as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal transmission light detection device is arranged on the upstream side of the pan conveyor than the tapping sound detection device.

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