JP3650526B2 - Automatic performance device and storage medium - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides, for example, an automatic performance apparatus that generates a performance sound based on information in accordance with the GM standard defined as a sound source standard in the MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) standard, and an implementation thereof The present invention relates to a storage medium in which processing steps are readable by a computer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, so-called automatic performance devices are known that are provided integrally or separately from an electronic musical instrument such as an electronic keyboard or an electronic piano.
A MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) standard is a data transfer standard determined to mutually transmit information between the automatic musical instrument and an external device.
In the MIDI standard, a standard transmission / reception interface circuit and a data format are defined, and information (MIDI information) based on the interface circuit includes various message information.
[0003]
Specifically, MIDI information is roughly divided into channel messages and system messages, and channel messages are further divided into voice messages and mode messages. System messages are divided into exclusive messages, common messages, and real-time messages. Hereinafter, these outline | summary is demonstrated in order.
[0004]
(1) Voice message All normal performance information is defined in the voice message. This voice message includes note-on / off equivalent to pressing and releasing keys, control changes that send various effects, program changes that switch sounds, pitch wheel changes that send bend information , And after touch.
(2) The mode message MIDI has four modes, which are determined by a combination of poly / mono mode and omni on / off. Information is transmitted and received according to the mode set by this mode message.
(3) Exclusive message This message is exclusive to the manufacturer, and all the information unique to the manufacturer, such as timbre parameters and sequence data, is sent in this exclusive message.
(4) Control for automatic performance of common message and real-time message is performed by the common message and real-time message.
[0005]
In addition to the messages (1) to (4), there are a tune request message, an active sensing message for preventing trouble caused by disconnection of the connection cable, a system reset message for returning to the initial state, and the like.
[0006]
Here, for the purpose of improving the reproducibility of the MIDI information as described above, the GM standard (hereinafter also referred to as “MIDI sound source standard”) which is a sound source standard in the MIDI standard is defined.
In this MIDI tone generator standard, the minimum number of simultaneous pronunciations, the correspondence between program changes (program numbers) and timbres, the assignment of pitches and rhythm sounds in the rhythm part, and the like are defined.
If it is an automatic performance apparatus corresponding to such a MIDI sound source standard, substantially the same performance sound can be reproduced regardless of the manufacturer.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the above-mentioned MIDI sound source standard basically defines the arrangement of timbres, and does not determine the sound source method or the like. For this reason, depending on the manufacturer of the automatic performance device, there are cases where the subtle nuances of the tone color cannot be reproduced.
That is, in order to reproduce a certain performance piece in a complete form, not only the arrangement of timbres but also various parameters such as sound control and portamento are required. However, since the MIDI tone generator standard basically defines only the arrangement of timbres, it is impossible to reproduce the subtle nuances of music.
[0008]
The number of timbres can be switched by program change from “0” to “127” by program change. That is, 128 timbres can be switched. However, in an automatic performance device having a timbre memory (memory for storing timbres) more than that, a large number of timbres can be controlled by bank selection. Therefore, in such an automatic performance device, it is not possible to realize the spread of sound only by the number of timbres according to the MIDI sound source standard.
[0009]
Therefore, in order to supplement information that is not defined in the MIDI sound source standard (information that is insufficient with respect to the MIDI sound source standard, hereinafter also referred to as “non-standard information”), each manufacturer has its own uniqueness for the non-standard information. Tones are expanded by providing sound source standards.
[0010]
However, each manufacturer's own tone generator standard corresponds to each manufacturer's automatic performance device and is not compatible.
That is, for example, even if the parameter value for controlling the volume balance of a certain tone is the same, the sound source standard of one manufacturer shows a rapidly changing curve, and the sound source standard of the other manufacturer has a gentle curve. There is a difference that the curve changes rapidly after the change, and even if the parameter value is the same, the change with respect to each manufacturer is often different.
For this reason, when performance information created for another manufacturer's automatic performance device (performance information that complies with the sound source standards of the other manufacturer) is played back by a manufacturer's automatic performance device, the performance song is played with the correct nuance. Could not be reproduced.
[0011]
As described above, in the past, specifications not defined by the MIDI sound source standard have been supported by each manufacturer with its own sound source standard, so there is no compatibility, and for automatic performance devices that perform automatically, If MIDI information created with a sound source standard of a manufacturer different from the manufacturer of the apparatus is used, the musical piece cannot be reproduced with correct nuances.
[0012]
Therefore, the present invention was made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and automatically reproduces the performance sound reliably even if the non-standard information included in the automatic performance information complies with any standard. It is an object of the present invention to provide a performance medium and a storage medium in which processing steps for implementing the performance apparatus are stored in a computer-readable manner.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An automatic performance apparatus according to the present invention is an automatic performance apparatus that receives automatic performance information in accordance with a predetermined data transfer standard and generates a musical sound based on the automatic performance information, and is defined by the predetermined data transfer standard. Storage means for storing correction data corresponding to non-standard information included in the automatic performance information not previously stored for each arbitrary standard adopted in the non-standard information, and non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information A discriminating unit for discriminating an arbitrary standard adopted by the discriminator, and a correction unit for reading out correction data based on the discrimination result of the discriminating unit from the storage unit and correcting the nonstandard information by the correction data As the correction data corresponding to the nonstandard information, a correction curve for the timbre parameter for each tone color is provided for each sound source standard, and the control data for each tone color is also set for each sound source standard. Characterized in that as provided.
[0014]
In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the predetermined data transfer standard is a MIDI standard, and the non-regulated information includes at least a parameter for a sound source.
[0015]
According to a third invention, in the first invention, the arbitrary standard is a standard for the non-specific information unique to each manufacturer.
[0016]
A fourth invention is a storage medium that stores automatic performance information compliant with a predetermined data transfer standard and stores processing steps for generating musical sounds based on the automatic performance information in a computer-readable manner, The processing step includes a discrimination step for discriminating an arbitrary standard adopted in the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information, and a standard included in the automatic performance information not defined by the predetermined data transfer standard. In the reading step, the correction data corresponding to the outside information is read out from the memory stored in advance for each standard adopted for the non-standard information, and the reading step reads the correction data based on the discrimination result in the discrimination step; A correction step for correcting the non-standard information by the read correction data, and for each tone color as correction data corresponding to the non-standard information. Provided with a correction curve tone color parameters for each sound source standards, and characterized by storing a computer program control data for each timbre also to execute the automatic performance method is provided for each sound source specification in the computer.
[0017]
According to a fifth aspect, in the fourth aspect, the predetermined data transfer standard is a MIDI standard, and the non-regulated information includes at least a parameter for a sound source.
[0018]
According to a sixth aspect, in the fourth aspect, the arbitrary standard is a standard for the non-specific information unique to each manufacturer.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument 100 as shown in FIG.
[0021]
The electronic musical instrument 100 has an automatic performance function, and as shown in FIG. 1, an interface circuit 102 connected to an external device (not shown), a key switch circuit 104 connected to a keyboard 103, A panel switch circuit 113 connected to the operation panel 112, a RAM (Ramdom Access Memory) 105, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 106, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 107, and a digital / analog (D / A) conversion. A circuit 109, an amplifier (amplifier) 110, and a musical sound generation circuit 108 to which a speaker 110 is sequentially connected are provided, and these are coupled by a bus 101.
[0022]
First, the ROM 106 stores in advance a processing program for controlling the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument 100, musical tone waveform data, various fixed data, automatic performance data, a processing program for an automatic performance function, and the like. .
The CPU 107 controls the overall operation of the electronic musical instrument 100 by reading and executing various programs stored in the ROM 106. At this time, the RAM 105 is used as a working memory for the CPU 107. Thereby, the electronic musical instrument 100 operates as follows.
[0023]
For example, when the keyboard 103 and the operation panel 112 are operated, the CPU 107 obtains the operation state by the key switch circuit 104 and the panel switch circuit 113, and the note information according to the operation of the keyboard 103 and the operation of the operation panel 112. The musical tone generation circuit 108 is provided with parameter information such as the rhythm and tone color according to the above.
The musical tone generation circuit 108 reads musical tone waveform data from the ROM 106 based on each information from the CPU 107, processes the amplitude and envelope thereof, and derives them to the D / A conversion circuit 109. The musical sound signal obtained by the D / A conversion circuit 109 is given to the speaker 111 through the amplifier 110 and emitted from the speaker 111.
[0024]
When an operation for automatic performance is performed on the operation panel 112, the CPU 107 reads out automatic performance data according to the operation from the ROM 106.
[0025]
Here, the interface circuit 102 exchanges information between the electronic musical instrument 100 and the external device according to the MIDI standard, which is a connection standard between the automatic performance device and the external device. As a result, the automatic performance data stored in the ROM 106 can be externally output by the CPU 107 so that the external device can perform the automatic performance. It is also possible to perform automatic performance according to the information (MIDI information) from the external device as an input.
[0026]
Therefore, the CPU 107 provides the musical tone generation circuit 106 with automatic performance data read from the ROM 106 or data (MIDI information) from the interface circuit 106 in accordance with an operation on the operation panel 112.
The musical tone generation circuit 108 reads out musical sound waveform data corresponding to the data from the CPU 107 from the ROM 106 and derives it to the D / A conversion circuit 109. The musical sound signal obtained by the D / A conversion circuit 109 is given to the speaker 111 through the amplifier 110 and emitted from the speaker 111.
[0027]
The most characteristic feature of the electronic musical instrument 100 as described above is which manufacturer's standard is the sound source standard of the MIDI information when performing an automatic performance in accordance with the MIDI information input via the interface circuit 102. Accordingly, various parameters included in the MIDI information are corrected.
FIG. 2 shows the elemental features of the electronic musical instrument 100 for performing such correction and performing automatically.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ROM 106 includes correction curve (change curve) data groups T ₁ , T ₂ , n types of timbres (tones 1, 2,..., X,..., N). .., T _x ,..., T _n are stored, and these correction curve data groups T _{1 to} T _n have the same data structure.
[0029]
For example, the correction curve data group T _x of the timbre _x is the correction curve data P _x1 , P _x2 ,... For each of m kinds of timbre parameters (tone parameters 1, 2,..., Y,..., M). , P _xy ,..., P _xm and control data correction curve data C _x are included.
Here, the “tone color parameter” indicates various parameters for changing the characteristics of the timbre such as volume balance, filter, envelope, and vibrato. The “control data” indicates parameters other than the timbre parameters, and includes information for controlling the degree of bend (decorative sound) during sound generation with a certain timbre, for example.
[0030]
In the tone curve x correction curve data group T _x , the correction curve data P _{x1 to} P _xm for each tone color parameter have the same data structure.
For example, the correction curve data P _xy of the timbre parameter y is a sound source standard (manufacturer-specific standard for specifications not defined by the MIDI sound source standard (GM standard)) A, B, C. ,... Includes correction curves a _xy , b _xy , c _xy,. Further, the control data C _x of the timbre parameter y also includes correction curves a _x , b _x , c _x ,... For each sound source standard A, B, C,.
And the correction curves a _xy , b _xy , c _xy ,... For the timbre parameters are made up of change curves such that each timbre is the same as or as close as possible to the other sound source standards. Further, the correction curves a _x , b _x , c _x ,... For the control data are also composed of change curves such that the corresponding parameter value change curves are the same as or as close as possible to other musical tone standards.
[0031]
Therefore, the CPU 107 gives the MIDI information from the interface circuit 102 to the musical tone generation circuit 108, recognizes which manufacturer's sound source standard the MIDI information conforms to, and uses the standard mode to indicate the information for indicating it. Set to flag F _mod .
Tone generator 108 in accordance with MIDI information from the CPU 107, when setting a tone color of the musical tone data constituting the automatic performance, with reference to the standard mode flag F _mod, corresponding to the information set in the standard mode flag F _mod Music data that reproduces the correct nuanced performance sound by reading the correction curve from the ROM 106 and correcting the timbre set by using the correction curve, regardless of the sound source standard of the MIDI information input by the interface circuit 102 Get.
[0032]
In order to realize such an operation, for example, the ROM 106 stores in advance a processing program according to a flowchart shown in FIG. 3 as a processing program for an automatic performance function based on MIDI information. When the processing program of FIG. 3 is read and executed by the CPU 107, the electronic musical instrument 100 performs an automatic performance using MIDI information as follows.
[0033]
First, the CPU 107 performs an initialization process (step S201).
In this initialization process, for example, the interface circuit 102 performs a process for receiving MIDI information from an external device.
As described above, this MIDI information is information including various messages, and in particular, messages including program changes for switching timbres, timbre parameters and controls compliant with the sound source standards unique to external device manufacturers. Information including data.
[0034]
Next, the MIDI information is received by the interface circuit 102 (step S202).
[0035]
Here, it is possible to recognize which manufacturer's sound source standard the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 is based on an exclusive message including information unique to the manufacturer.
Therefore, the CPU 107 determines whether or not an exclusive message is included in the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 (whether or not an exclusive message has been received) (step S203).
[0036]
If the exclusive message is received as a result of the determination in step S203, the CPU 107 recognizes which manufacturer's sound source standard the MIDI information is based on the message, and uses the standard mode flag to indicate that information. F _mod is set (step S204), and the process proceeds to the next step S205.
If it is determined in step S203 that the message has not been received, the CPU 107 proceeds directly to step S205.
[0037]
In step S205, the CPU 107 determines whether or not the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 includes a program change for switching timbres (whether or not a program change has been received).
[0038]
If the program change is received as a result of the determination in step S203, the CPU 107 gives MIDI information including the program change to the musical tone generation circuit 108.
[0039]
Receiving this, the musical tone generation circuit 108 first switches and sets the timbre parameters according to the program change included in the MIDI information (step S206).
Next, the tone generation circuit 108 refers to the standard mode flag F _mod to recognize which sound source standard the MIDI information from the CPU 107 belongs to, and the correction curve for the corresponding tone color parameter from the ROM 106. read out.
Then, the musical tone generation circuit 108 performs correction using the correction curve read from the ROM 106 with respect to the timbre parameter set in step S206 (step S207).
[0040]
Thereby, for example, when the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 is information conforming to a certain manufacturer's musical tone standard B, the timbre parameters (volume balance, filter, envelope, vibrato, etc. included in the MIDI information) The timbre parameters _{1 to m} ) that change the timbre characteristics are corrected by the correction curve of the corresponding timbre among the correction data T1 to Tn for each of the timbres _{1 to n} . Specifically, the timbre parameter y for the timbre x included in the MIDI information is corrected using the correction curve _bxy . Each tone color parameter for other tone colors is similarly corrected.
Therefore, in the electronic musical instrument 100, the tone of the automatic musical tone generated is switched according to the program change included in the received MIDI information, and the switched tone is the same as or similar to the tone in the musical tone standard B. It becomes.
[0041]
After the processing of step S206 and step S207 as described above, the process proceeds to the next step S208.
If it is determined in step S203 that the program change has not been received, the process directly proceeds to step S208.
[0042]
In step S208, the CPU 107 determines whether the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 includes parameters other than the timbre parameters, that is, control data (whether other parameters have been received).
[0043]
As a result of the determination in step S208, when other parameters are received, the CPU 107 gives MIDI information including the parameters (control data) to the musical tone generation circuit 108.
[0044]
Upon receiving this, the tone generation circuit 108 first refers to the standard mode flag F _mod to recognize which sound source standard the MIDI information from the CPU 107 belongs to, and a correction curve for the control data corresponding thereto. Are read from the ROM 106.
Then, the musical sound generation circuit 108 corrects the control data included in the MIDI information from the CPU 107 with the correction curve read from the ROM 106 (step S209).
[0045]
Thus, for example, when the MIDI information received by the interface circuit 102 is information conforming to a certain manufacturer's musical tone standard B, the control data included in the MIDI information is correction curve data for each of the timbres 1 to n. The correction is made by the correction curve of the corresponding control data in the groups T _{1 to} T _n . Specifically, the control data for the timbre x included in the MIDI information is corrected using the correction curve b _x . Each control data for other timbres is similarly corrected.
[0046]
In this manner, the tone generation circuit 108 corrects the control data included in the MIDI information, and then changes the timbre parameter according to the corrected control data (step S210).
Therefore, in electronic musical instrument 100, the tone value change of the musical tone of the automatic performance that is generated is controlled according to the control data included in the received MIDI information, and the controlled value change is the value change in tone standard B. Is the same or approximate.
[0047]
After the processing of step S209 and step S210 as described above, the process returns to step S202, and the subsequent processing steps are repeated.
If it is determined in step S208 that no other parameter has been received, the process returns to step S202 and the subsequent processing steps are repeated.
[0048]
As described above, in the present embodiment, a correction curve for the timbre parameter for each timbre is provided for each sound source standard adopted by each manufacturer, and control data for each timbre is also provided for each sound source standard adopted by each manufacturer. The timbre parameter correction curve is such that each timbre is the same or as close as possible to the other sound source standards, and the control data correction curve also has a corresponding parameter value change with other sound source standards. The curves are the same or as close as possible.
As a result, even if the received MIDI information is created by any manufacturer, it is possible to reliably reproduce the musical piece according to the MIDI information with the correct nuance.
[0049]
In the above-described embodiment, the exclusive message included in the MIDI information is used as information for recognizing which musical sound standard the received MIDI information belongs to. Alternatively, the music standard may be recognized by a non-registration parameter (NRPN), which is one of MIDI control changes, or a bank (BANK).
[0050]
The object of the present invention is not limited to the electronic musical instrument 100 in the above-described embodiment, but is a program code of software that realizes the function of the CPU 107 (for realizing the automatic performance function described with reference to FIG. 6). It is also achieved by supplying the storage medium storing the processing steps) to the system or apparatus, and the computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or apparatus reads and executes the program code stored in the storage medium. Needless to say.
As a storage medium for supplying the program code, for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a CD-R, a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, a ROM, or the like can be used.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, according to the present invention, correction data corresponding to non-standard information (such as timbre parameters and control data) that is not defined by a predetermined data transfer standard (MIDI standard, etc.) Prepared in advance for each arbitrary standard for outside information (standards adopted by each manufacturer, etc.), and when receiving automatic performance information and generating a musical tone, the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information is As to the correction data for determining which standard, and correcting according to the determined standard, a correction curve for the timbre parameter for each timbre is provided for each sound source standard, and the control data for each timbre is also a sound source. It is provided for each standard, and the non-standard information is corrected. With this configuration, even if non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information is created in accordance with any standard, the same or as close a correction as possible to other sound source standards is performed. It is possible to reproduce the sound with correct nuances.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining a characteristic configuration of the electronic musical instrument.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining MIDI information correction processing executed by the electronic musical instrument;
[Explanation of symbols]
102 MIDI interface circuit 106 ROM
107 CPU
108 musical tone generation circuit F _mod standard mode flags T _{1 to} T _n correction curve data groups P _x1 , P _x2 ,..., P _xy ,..., P _xm , C _x correction curve data a _xy , b _xy , c _{xy, ···, a x, b} x, c x, ··· correction curve

Claims (6)

An automatic performance device that receives automatic performance information conforming to a predetermined data transfer standard and generates a musical tone based on the automatic performance information,
Storage means for preliminarily storing correction data corresponding to non-standard information included in the automatic performance information not defined in the predetermined data transfer standard for each standard adopted for the non-standard information;
A discriminating means for discriminating any standard adopted in the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information;
Correction data based on the determination result of the determination means is read from the storage means, and the non-standard information is corrected by the correction data
An automatic performance apparatus characterized in that, as correction data corresponding to the nonstandard information, a correction curve for a timbre parameter for each tone color is provided for each tone generator standard, and control data for each tone color is also provided for each tone generator standard .   2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined data transfer standard is a MIDI standard, and the non-standard information includes at least a parameter for a sound source.   2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the arbitrary standard is a standard for the non-standard information unique to each manufacturer. A storage medium storing a program for receiving automatic performance information compliant with a predetermined data transfer standard and causing a computer to execute processing steps for generating musical sounds based on the automatic performance information, the processing steps Is
A discriminating step for discriminating any standard adopted in the non-standard information included in the received automatic performance information;
The correction data corresponding to the nonstandard information included in the automatic performance information that is not defined in the predetermined data transfer standard is determined from the memory stored in advance for each arbitrary standard adopted for the nonstandard information. A reading step for reading correction data based on the determination result of the step;
A correction step of correcting the nonstandard information by the correction data read in the reading step,
A computer program for causing a computer to execute an automatic performance method in which a correction curve for a timbre parameter for each tone color is provided for each tone generator standard and control data for each tone color is provided for each tone generator standard as correction data corresponding to the nonstandard information. A computer-readable storage medium characterized by being stored.   5. The storage medium according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined data transfer standard is a MIDI standard, and the non-standard information includes at least a parameter for a sound source.   5. The storage medium according to claim 4, wherein the arbitrary standard is a standard for the non-standard information unique to each manufacturer.

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