JP3643871B2

JP3643871B2 - Multistatic radar equipment

Info

Publication number: JP3643871B2
Application number: JP2002049636A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 哲生三島; 庄司松田; 雅也高瀬
Original assignee: 防衛庁技術研究本部長
Priority date: 2002-02-26
Filing date: 2002-02-26
Publication date: 2005-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 2022-02-26
Also published as: JP2003248056A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、非同期でビーム走査するとビーム交差エリアが十分にとれないため、受信マルチビームまたはビーム走査を同期するようにしたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来のマルチスタティック・レーダ装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図１６は、例えば『Merrill I.Skolnik:"Introduction to Radar Systems",pp554,McGROW-HILL(1981)』に示された従来のバイスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す図である。この従来のバイスタティック・レーダ装置は、固定化されたファンビーム・アンテナにより送受信装置間にフェンス状の覆域を有するものである。
【０００３】
図１６において、５は目標、２７は送信装置、２８は受信装置、２９は送信装置２７から目標５に到達する送信波、３０は目標５で反射され受信装置２８に到達する反射波、３１は送信装置２７から受信装置２８に直接到達する直接波である。
【０００４】
また、同図において、送信装置２７から目標５までの距離をＤｔ、目標５から受信装置２８までの距離をＤｒ、送信装置２７と受信装置２８の間の距離をＤｂ、送信波２９と反射波３０を加えた総経路長をＳ＝Ｄｔ＋Ｄｒ、受信装置２８からみた目標５の角度をψｅとする。
【０００５】
つぎに、従来のバイスタティック・レーダ装置の動作について図面を参照しながら説明する。
【０００６】
一般に、バイスタティック・レーダ装置における目標５から受信装置２８までの距離Ｄｒの測定は、下記の式（１）に示すように、送信波２９と反射波３０を加えた総経路長Ｓの計測及び直接波３１の経路長Ｄｂ、受信装置２８からみた目標５の角度ψｅによってなされる。
【０００７】
Ｄｒ＝｛Ｓ^２−Ｄｂ^２｝／｛２・（Ｓ−Ｄｂ・ｃｏｓψｅ）｝式（１）
【０００８】
この時、送信装置２７及び受信装置２８のアンテナビームは目標に指向している必要がある。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述したような従来のバイスタティック・レーダ装置では、上記のような方法で目標を検出するため、固定化されたファンビーム・アンテナにより送受信装置間にフェンス状の限定された覆域を有するか、ビーム走査する場合は送信ビームに受信ビームを指向させるようにビーム走査を行っていた。従って、３以上のレーダで構成するマルチスタティック・レーダ装置に適用する場合、非同期でビーム走査するとビームの交差エリアが十分とれず、マルチスタティック・レーダ装置として機能しないという問題点があった。
【００１０】
この発明は、前述した問題点を解決するためになされたもので、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれるよう、効果的にビーム走査するマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を得ることを目的とする。
【００１１】
本発明のその他の目的や新規な特徴は後述の実施の形態において明らかにする。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明の請求項１に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、第１のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第１のスケジューラを有する第１の送受信局と、第２のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第２のスケジューラを有する第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、第３のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第３のスケジューラを有する受信専用局とを備えたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置であって、前記第１、第２、及び第３のスケジューラの同期制御に基いて、前記第１の送受信局が自己の覆域の第１のエリアを指向しているときは、前記受信専用局は、前記第１のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第２のエリアを指向して、前記第１の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、前記第２の送受信局が自己の覆域の第３のエリアを指向しているときには、前記受信専用局は、前記第３のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第４のエリアを指向して、前記第２の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、バイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行わないときの前記第１又は第２の送受信局はモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行うものである。
【００１４】
この発明の請求項２に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、前記受信専用局の第３のスケジューラは、前記第１及び第２の送受信局との覆域の重複の程度に応じてビーム走査割当時間を制御するものである。
【００１５】
この発明の請求項３に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、第１のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第１のスケジューラを有する第１の送受信局と、第２のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第２のスケジューラを有する第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、第３のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第３のスケジューラを有する第３の送受信局とを備えたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置であって、前記第１、第２、及び第３のスケジューラの同期制御に基いて、前記第１の送受信局が自己の覆域の第１のエリアを指向しているときは、前記第３の送受信局は、前記第１のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第２のエリアを指向して、前記第１の送受信局と前記第３の送受信局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、前記第２の送受信局が自己の覆域の第３のエリアを指向しているときには、前記第３の送受信局は、前記第３のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第４のエリアを指向して、前記第２の送受信局と前記第３の送受信局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、バイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行わないときの前記第１、第２又は第３の送受信局はモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行うものである。
【００１７】
この発明の請求項４に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、第１のアンテナを機械回転する第１の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第１のスケジューラを有する第１の送受信局と、第２のアンテナを機械回転する第２の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第２のスケジューラを有する第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、フェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第３のスケジューラを有する受信専用局とを備えたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置であって、前記第１、第２、及び第３のスケジューラの同期制御に基いて、前記第１の送受信局が自己の覆域の第１のエリアを指向しているときは、前記受信専用局は、前記第１のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第２のエリアを指向して、前記第１の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、前記第２の送受信局が自己の覆域の第３のエリアを指向しているときには、前記受信専用局は、前記第３のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第４のエリアを指向して、前記第２の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、バイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行わないときの前記第１又は第２の送受信局はモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行うものである。
【００１８】
この発明の請求項５に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、第１のアンテナを機械回転する第１の駆動部を有し、任意の方向に電子ビーム走査してモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う第１の送受信局と、第２のアンテナを機械回転する第２の駆動部を有し、任意の方向に電子ビーム走査してモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、フェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び前記第１及び第２の送受信局の覆域と重複する２方向の覆域に対し電子ビーム走査をスキャン毎に切換制御するスケジューラを有し、前記第１の送受信局と前記受信専用局間及び前記第２の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う受信専用局とを備えたものである。
【００１９】
この発明の請求項６に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、第１のアンテナを機械回転する第１の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第１のスケジューラを有する第１の送受信局と、第２のアンテナを機械回転する第２の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第２のスケジューラを有する第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、第３のアンテナを機械回転する第３の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第３のスケジューラを有する第３の送受信局とを備えたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置であって、前記第１、第２、及び第３のスケジューラの同期制御に基いて、前記第１の送受信局が自己の覆域の第１のエリアを指向しているときは、前記第３の送受信局は、前記第１のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第２のエリアを指向して、前記第１の送受信局と前記第３の送受信局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、前記第２の送受信局が自己の覆域の第３のエリアを指向しているときには、前記第３の送受信局は、前記第３のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第４のエリアを指向して、前記第２の送受信局と前記第３の送受信局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、バイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行わないときの前記第１、第２又は第３の送受信局はモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行うものである。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
なお、以下の各実施の形態においては、簡単のために、位相検波器、パルス圧縮器等が適用されていないレーダが３個ある場合を例にとり説明するが、これらが適用されている４以上のレーダで構成されるマルチスタティック・レーダ装置でも同様である。
【００２１】
実施の形態１．
この発明の実施の形態１に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図１は、この発明の実施の形態１に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す図である。なお、各図中、同一符号は同一又は相当部分を示す。
【００２２】
図１において、１は送受信局、３は受信専用局、５は目標である。
【００２３】
また、同図において、６は素子アンテナ、７は送受信モジュール、８は送受信モジュール内のサーキュレータ、９は送受信モジュール内の大電力増幅器、１０は送受信モジュール内の送受切換えスイッチ、１１は送受信モジュール内の移相器、１２送受信モジュール内の低雑音増幅器、１３は合成分配器（ＭＵＬＴＩ）、１４はサーキュレータ、１５は送信部の増幅器、１６は受信部の増幅器、１７はミキサー、１８は安定化局部発振器、１９は送信パルス発生器、２０は移動目標検出器（ＭＴＩ）、２１は目標検出器、２２はビーム制御器、２３はＡＤ変換器（Ａ／Ｄ）、２４はフーリエ変換機能を有するビーム演算器（ＤＦＴ）である。
【００２４】
つぎに、この実施の形態１に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の動作について図面を参照しながら説明する。図２は、この発明の実施の形態１に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す図である。
【００２５】
図２において、２は送受信局１の覆域、４は受信専用局３の覆域である。
【００２６】
図２において、フェーズド・アレイ・アンテナを有する２個の送受信局１（ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２）の間にディジタル・ビーム・フォーミング機能を有する受信専用局３（Ｒ）が配置され、各々の覆域が図のような場合を想定する。
【００２７】
この時、送受信局ＴＲ１とＴＲ２は、任意の方向に電子ビーム走査し、モノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う。同時に、受信専用局Ｒでは、送受信局ＴＲ１及びＴＲ２の覆域２と重複する２方向の覆域４に対し、受信ビームを指向して、送受信局ＴＲ１及びＴＲ２とマルチスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う。
【００２８】
まず、送受信局ＴＲ１またはＴＲ２において、送信パルス発生器１９により生成された矩形パルスは、安定化局部発振器１８の発生する周波数スタロー信号とミキサー１７により搬送波周波数まで周波数変換される。そして、送信部の増幅器１５により所要の増幅がなされた後、サーキュレータ１４及び合成分配器１３を経て送受信モジュール７に供給される。この送受信モジュール７では、ビーム制御器２２の指定に基づき個々の送受信モジュール内の移相器１１が制御され、大電力増幅器９及びサーキュレータ８を経て所要の位相差をもった送信電波が素子アンテナ６から空間へ放射される。その結果、ビーム制御器２２の指定する方向にアンテナビームを指向すると共に、移相器１１の設定を変えることによりフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナとして、電子ビーム走査される。
【００２９】
目標５で反射された受信電波は、送受信局ＴＲ１またはＴＲ２の素子アンテナ６により受信され、サーキュレータ８を経て低雑音増幅器１２で増幅される。送受切換えスイッチ１０を受信系に切換えることによって、移相器１１を経て合成分配器１３により各送受信モジュール７の受信信号が合成され、サーキュレータ１４を経て受信部の増幅器１６へ入力される。この受信信号は、安定化局部発振器１８によるスタロー信号及びミキサー１７により周波数変換された後、移動目標検出器２０により目標のドップラ周波数による弁別がされた後、目標検出器２１により目標検出される。ｓは目標検出器出力である。
【００３０】
この時、目標５から反射された受信電波は、受信専用局Ｒでも受信される。送受信局ＴＲ１またはＴＲ２と同様に素子アンテナ６により受信され、低雑音増幅器１２で増幅される。この受信信号は安定化局部発振器１８によるスタロー信号及びミキサー１７により周波数変換された後、ＡＤ変換器２３によりディジタル信号に変換され、フーリエ変換機能を有するビーム演算器２４により、複数の方向に同時に受信ディジタル・ビーム形成がなされる。
【００３１】
このうち、図２に示す所要の方向の信号について移動目標検出器２０により目標のドップラ周波数による弁別がされた後、目標検出器２１により目標検出される。ｓ_０〜ｓ_Ｎ−１はそれぞれ目標検出器出力である。
【００３２】
以上のようにマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を構成することで、個々のレーダの電子ビーム走査を同期すること無く、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にマルチスタティック・レーダの覆域中の目標を検出することができる。
【００３３】
実施の形態２．
この発明の実施の形態２に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図３は、この発明の実施の形態２に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す図である。また、図４は、この発明の実施の形態２に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す図である。
【００３４】
上記の実施の形態１では、隣接レーダの電子ビーム走査に合わせて複数の方向に同時に受信ビームを形成する場合を示したが、この実施の形態２では、図４に示すように、受信専用局３Ａの電子ビーム走査を隣接レーダの電子ビーム走査も含め同期制御する構成としたものである。なお、図３中、図１と同一又は相当部分には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
【００３５】
図４において、フェーズド・アレイ・アンテナを有する２個の送受信局１Ａ（ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２）のほぼ中間にフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナを有する受信専用局３Ａ（Ｒ）が配置され、各々の覆域が図のような場合を想定する。
【００３６】
各レーダの電子ビーム走査は互いに同期制御され、送受信局ＴＲ１が覆域２のエリア２Ａを指向している時は、受信専用局Ｒは覆域４のエリア４Ａを指向して、送受信局ＴＲ１と受信専用局Ｒ間でバイスタティック・レーダを構成する。
【００３７】
この時、送受信局ＴＲ２は、覆域２のエリア２Ａを指向して、モノスタティック・レーダとして単独で電子ビーム走査を行う。
【００３８】
また、送受信局ＴＲ２が覆域２のエリア２Ｂを指向している時は、受信専用局Ｒは、覆域４のエリア４Ｂを指向して、送受信局ＴＲ２と受信専用局Ｒ間でバイスタティック・レーダを構成する。
【００３９】
この時、送受信局ＴＲ１は、覆域２のエリア２Ｂを指向して、モノスタティック・レーダとして単独で電子ビーム走査を行う。
【００４０】
送受信局ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２及び受信専用局Ｒにおいて、図３に示すように、高安定原子時計または無線通信等によるスケジューラ３３を有する。このスケジューラ３３に基づき個々のレーダのビーム制御器２２を制御することで、各レーダの電子ビーム走査を互いに同期制御できる。
【００４１】
以上のようにマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を構成することで、ディジタル・ビーム・フォーミング機能を有さずとも、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にマルチスタティック・レーダの覆域中の目標を検出することができる。
【００４２】
実施の形態３．
上記の実施の形態２では、ほぼ中間に位置する受信専用局３Ａの電子ビーム走査を隣接レーダの電子ビーム走査も含め同期制御する場合を示したが、この実施の形態３では、隣接するレーダとの間隔に合わせて受信専用局３Ａの電子ビーム走査の配分を制御する構成としたものである。
【００４３】
図５は、この発明の実施の形態３に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す図である。なお、この実施の形態３に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成は、上記の実施の形態２のものと同じである。
【００４４】
図５において、フェーズド・アレイ・アンテナを有する２個の送受信局１Ａ（ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２）に対し、送受信局ＴＲ１に近い位置にフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナを有する受信専用局３Ａ（Ｒ）が配置され、各々の覆域が図のような場合を想定する。
【００４５】
各レーダの電子ビーム走査は、上記実施の形態２と同様に互いに同期制御されるが、受信専用局Ｒは、覆域４のエリア４Ａが広いことを考慮して、送受信局ＴＲ１と受信専用局Ｒ間でのバイスタティック・レーダ構成により長い時間をかけるように図３のスケジューラ３３を設定して電子ビーム走査する。
【００４６】
以上のようにマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を構成することで、ディジタル・ビーム・フォーミング機能を有さずとも、任意のレーダ間隔に対応してビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にマルチスタティック・レーダの覆域中の目標を検出することができる。
【００４７】
実施の形態４．
この発明の実施の形態４に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図６は、この発明の実施の形態４に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す図である。また、図７は、この発明の実施の形態４に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す図である。
【００４８】
上記の実施の形態１〜３では、２個の送受信局１又は１Ａの間に受信専用局３又は３Ａが配置される場合を示したが、この実施の形態４では、３個の送受信局１Ａで構成されるマルチスタティック・レーダについて電子ビーム走査を制御する構成としたものである。なお、図６中、図３と同一又は相当部分には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
【００４９】
図７は、上記実施の形態２において、受信専用局３Ａの代わりに送受信局１Ａ（ＴＲ３）が配置された場合であるが、他の実施の形態でも同様である。
【００５０】
送受信局ＴＲ１及びＴＲ２の電子ビーム走査は、上記実施の形態２と同様に互いに同期制御されるが、送受信局ＴＲ３は、自己の覆域２のエリア２Ａ、２Ｂに対してバイスタティック・レーダを構成するように同期制御で電子ビーム走査すると共に、残った時間で自己の覆域２のエリア２Ｃをモノスタティック・レーダとして電子ビーム走査する。
【００５１】
以上のようにマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を構成することで、モノスタティック・レーダ機能と両立させて、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ効果的にマルチスタティック・レーダの覆域中の目標を検出することができる。
【００５２】
実施の形態５．
この発明の実施の形態５に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図８は、この発明の実施の形態５に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す図である。また、図９は、この発明の実施の形態５に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す図である。
【００５３】
上記の実施の形態１〜４では、３個のフェーズド・アレイ・レーダによりマルチスタティック・レーダを構成する場合を示したが、この実施の形態５では、２個のアンテナ機械回転による送受信局１Ｂと１個のディジタル・ビーム・フォーミング機能を有する受信専用局３により構成したものである。
【００５４】
アンテナ機械回転による送受信局１Ｂ（ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２）は、駆動部２５及び駆動制御器２６により任意にアンテナ機械回転し、モノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う。同時に、受信専用局Ｒでは、送受信局ＴＲ１及びＴＲ２と重複する２方向の覆域４に対し、受信ビームを指向して、送受信局ＴＲ１及びＴＲ２とマルチスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う。なお、図８中、図１と同一又は相当部分には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
【００５５】
以上のようにマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を構成することで、アンテナ機械回転による送受信局１Ｂに対しても、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にマルチスタティック・レーダの覆域中の目標を検出することができる。
【００５６】
実施の形態６．
この発明の実施の形態６に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図１０は、この発明の実施の形態６に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す図である。また、図１１は、この発明の実施の形態６に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す図である。
【００５７】
上記の実施の形態５では、隣接レーダのアンテナ機械回転に合わせて複数の方向に同時に受信ビームを形成する場合を示したが、この実施の形態６では、図１１に示すように、受信専用局３Ａの電子ビーム走査を隣接レーダのアンテナ機械回転も含め各々スケジューラ３３で同期制御する構成としたものである。なお、図１０中、図３及び図８と同一又は相当部分には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
【００５８】
送受信局１Ｃ（ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２）の駆動制御器２６は、スケジューラ３３に基づきアンテナ機械回転を制御する。送受信局ＴＲ１が受信専用局Ｒの覆域４のエリア４Ａを指向しているときは受信専用局Ｒとの間でバイスタティック・レーダを構成し、送受信局ＴＲ２は、受信専用局Ｒの覆域４のエリア４Ｂ以外を指向するように制御する。そして、送受信局ＴＲ２が受信専用局Ｒの覆域４のエリア４Ｂを指向するときはその逆となるようにする。
【００５９】
以上のようにマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を構成することで、アンテナ機械回転による送受信局１Ｃに対しても、ディジタル・ビーム・フォーミング機能を有さずとも、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にマルチスタティック・レーダの覆域中の目標を検出することができる。
【００６０】
実施の形態７．
この発明の実施の形態７に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図１２は、この発明の実施の形態７に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す図である。また、図１３は、この発明の実施の形態７に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す図である。
【００６１】
上記の実施の形態６では、受信専用局３Ａの電子ビーム走査を隣接レーダのアンテナ機械回転も含め同期制御する場合を示したが、この実施の形態７では、アンテナ機械回転の同期制御を行わず、受信専用局３Ａの電子ビーム走査をスケジューラ３３にてスキャン毎に切換える構成としたものである。なお、図１２中、図１０と同一又は相当部分には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
【００６２】
送受信局１Ｂ（ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２）の駆動制御器２６は、互いに同期はとらず任意にアンテナ機械回転を制御する。そのため、図１３に示すように送受信局ＴＲ１が受信専用局Ｒの覆域４のエリア４Ａを指向しているときに、送受信局ＴＲ２は受信専用局Ｒの覆域４のエリア４Ｂを指向する場合が生じる。このときは、受信専用局Ｒは、例えば覆域４のエリア４Ａを指向し、次のスキャンで覆域４のエリア４Ｂを指向するように、スキャン毎に交互に切換える。
【００６３】
以上のようにマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を構成することで、アンテナ機械回転の同期をとらずとも、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にマルチスタティック・レーダの覆域中の目標を検出することができる。
【００６４】
実施の形態８．
この発明の実施の形態８に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図１４は、この発明の実施の形態８に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す図である。また、図１５は、この発明の実施の形態８に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す図である。
【００６５】
上記の実施の形態１〜７では、少なくとも１個はフェーズド・アレイ・レーダでマルチスタティック・レーダを構成する場合を示したが、この実施の形態８では、全てのレーダをアンテナ機械回転により構成したものである。なお、図１４中、図１０と同一又は相当部分には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
【００６６】
送受信局１Ｃ（ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２、ＴＲ３）の駆動制御器２６は、スケジューラ３３に基づきアンテナ機械回転を制御する。送受信局ＴＲ１が覆域２のエリア２Ａを指向しているときは、送受信局ＴＲ３との間でバイスタティック・レーダを構成し、送受信局ＴＲ２は覆域２のエリア２Ｂ以外を指向するように制御する。そして、送受信局ＴＲ２が覆域２のエリア２Ｂを指向するときはその逆となるようにする。
【００６７】
以上のようにマルチスタティック・レーダ装置を構成することで、アンテナ機械回転による送受信局１Ｃに対しても、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にマルチスタティック・レーダの覆域中の目標を検出することができる。
【００６８】
以上本発明の実施の形態について説明してきたが、本発明はこれに限定されることなく請求項の記載の範囲内において各種の変形、変更が可能なことは当業者には自明であろう。
【００７０】
【発明の効果】
この発明の請求項１に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、以上説明したとおり、第１のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第１のスケジューラを有する第１の送受信局と、第２のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第２のスケジューラを有する第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、第３のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第３のスケジューラを有する受信専用局とを備えたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置であって、前記第１、第２、及び第３のスケジューラの同期制御に基いて、前記第１の送受信局が自己の覆域の第１のエリアを指向しているときは、前記受信専用局は、前記第１のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第２のエリアを指向して、前記第１の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、前記第２の送受信局が自己の覆域の第３のエリアを指向しているときには、前記受信専用局は、前記第３のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第４のエリアを指向して、前記第２の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、バイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行わないときの前記第１又は第２の送受信局はモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行うので、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にビーム走査することができるという効果を奏する。
【００７１】
この発明の請求項２に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、以上説明したとおり、前記受信専用局の第３のスケジューラが、前記第１及び第２の送受信局との覆域の重複の程度に応じてビーム走査割当時間を制御するので、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にビーム走査することができるという効果を奏する。
【００７２】
この発明の請求項３に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、以上説明したとおり、第１のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第１のスケジューラを有する第１の送受信局と、第２のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第２のスケジューラを有する第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、第３のフェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第３のスケジューラを有する第３の送受信局とを備えたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置であって、前記第１、第２、及び第３のスケジューラの同期制御に基いて、前記第１の送受信局が自己の覆域の第１のエリアを指向しているときは、前記第３の送受信局は、前記第１のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第２のエリアを指向して、前記第１の送受信局と前記第３の送受信局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、前記第２の送受信局が自己の覆域の第３のエリアを指向しているときには、前記第３の送受信局は、前記第３のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第４のエリアを指向して、前記第２の送受信局と前記第３の送受信局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、バイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行わないときの前記第１、第２又は第３の送受信局はモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行うので、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にビーム走査することができるという効果を奏する。
【００７４】
この発明の請求項４に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、以上説明したとおり、第１のアンテナを機械回転する第１の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第１のスケジューラを有する第１の送受信局と、第２のアンテナを機械回転する第２の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第２のスケジューラを有する第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、フェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第３のスケジューラを有する受信専用局とを備えたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置であって、前記第１、第２、及び第３のスケジューラの同期制御に基いて、前記第１の送受信局が自己の覆域の第１のエリアを指向しているときは、前記受信専用局は、前記第１のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第２のエリアを指向して、前記第１の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、前記第２の送受信局が自己の覆域の第３のエリアを指向しているときには、前記受信専用局は、前記第３のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第４のエリアを指向して、前記第２の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、バイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行わないときの前記第１又は第２の送受信局はモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行うので、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にビーム走査することができるという効果を奏する。
【００７５】
この発明の請求項５に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、以上説明したとおり、第１のアンテナを機械回転する第１の駆動部を有し、任意の方向に電子ビーム走査してモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う第１の送受信局と、第２のアンテナを機械回転する第２の駆動部を有し、任意の方向に電子ビーム走査してモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、フェーズド・アレイ・アンテナ、及び前記第１及び第２の送受信局の覆域と重複する２方向の覆域に対し電子ビーム走査をスキャン毎に切換制御するスケジューラを有し、前記第１の送受信局と前記受信専用局間及び前記第２の送受信局と前記受信専用局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行う受信専用局とを備えたので、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にビーム走査することができるという効果を奏する。
【００７６】
この発明の請求項６に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置は、以上説明したとおり、第１のアンテナを機械回転する第１の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第１のスケジューラを有する第１の送受信局と、第２のアンテナを機械回転する第２の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第２のスケジューラを有する第２の送受信局と、前記第１及び第２の送受信局の間に配置され、第３のアンテナを機械回転する第３の駆動部、及び電子ビーム走査を同期制御する第３のスケジューラを有する第３の送受信局とを備えたマルチスタティック・レーダ装置であって、前記第１、第２、及び第３のスケジューラの同期制御に基いて、前記第１の送受信局が自己の覆域の第１のエリアを指向しているときは、前記第３の送受信局は、前記第１のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第２のエリアを指向して、前記第１の送受信局と前記第３の送受信局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、前記第２の送受信局が自己の覆域の第３のエリアを指向しているときには、前記第３の送受信局は、前記第３のエリアと重複する、自己の覆域の第４のエリアを指向して、前記第２の送受信局と前記第３の送受信局間でバイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行い、バイスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行わないときの前記第１、第２又は第３の送受信局はモノスタティック・レーダとして目標検出を行うので、ビームの交差エリアを十分にとれ、効果的にビーム走査することができるという効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施の形態１に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図２】この発明の実施の形態１に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す説明図である。
【図３】この発明の実施の形態２に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図４】この発明の実施の形態２に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す説明図である。
【図５】この発明の実施の形態３に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す説明図である。
【図６】この発明の実施の形態４に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図７】この発明の実施の形態４に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す説明図である。
【図８】この発明の実施の形態５に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図９】この発明の実施の形態５に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す説明図である。
【図１０】この発明の実施の形態６に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図１１】この発明の実施の形態６に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す説明図である。
【図１２】この発明の実施の形態７に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図１３】この発明の実施の形態７に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す説明図である。
【図１４】この発明の実施の形態８に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図１５】この発明の実施の形態８に係るマルチスタティック・レーダ装置の覆域の概念を示す説明図である。
【図１６】従来のバイスタティック・レーダ装置の構成を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１、１Ａ、１Ｂ、１Ｃ送受信局
２送受信局の覆域
３、３Ａ受信専用局
４受信専用局の覆域
５目標
６素子アンテナ
７送受信モジュール
８サーキュレータ
９大電力増幅器
１０送受切換えスイッチ
１１移相器
１２低雑音増幅器
１３合成分配器
１４サーキュレータ
１５増幅器
１６増幅器
１７ミキサー
１８安定化局部発振器
１９送信パルス発生器
２０移動目標検出器
２１目標検出器
２２ビーム制御器
２３ＡＤ変換器
２４ビーム演算器
２５駆動部
２６駆動制御器
３３スケジューラ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multistatic radar apparatus in which a reception multibeam or beam scanning is synchronized because a beam crossing area cannot be sufficiently obtained when beam scanning is performed asynchronously.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional multistatic radar apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional bistatic radar apparatus shown in, for example, “Merrill I. Skolnik:“ Introduction to Radar Systems ”, pp554, McGROW-HILL (1981)”. This conventional bistatic radar apparatus has a fence-like covering area between transmitting and receiving apparatuses by a fixed fan beam antenna.
[0003]
In FIG. 16, 5 is a target, 27 is a transmission device, 28 is a reception device, 29 is a transmission wave that reaches the target 5 from the transmission device 27, 30 is a reflected wave that is reflected by the target 5 and reaches the reception device 28, and 31 is A direct wave that directly reaches the receiving device 28 from the transmitting device 27.
[0004]
In the figure, the distance from the transmission device 27 to the target 5 is Dt, the distance from the target 5 to the reception device 28 is Dr, the distance between the transmission device 27 and the reception device 28 is Db, the transmission wave 29 and the reflected wave The total path length including 30 is S = Dt + Dr, and the angle of the target 5 viewed from the receiving device 28 is ψe.
[0005]
Next, the operation of the conventional bistatic radar apparatus will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0006]
In general, the measurement of the distance Dr from the target 5 to the receiving device 28 in the bistatic radar device is performed by measuring the total path length S including the transmission wave 29 and the reflected wave 30 as shown in the following equation (1). This is determined by the path length Db of the direct wave 31 and the angle ψe of the target 5 as viewed from the receiver 28.
[0007]
Dr = {S ² -Db ² } / {2 · (S−Db · cos ψe)} Equation (1)
[0008]
At this time, the antenna beams of the transmitter 27 and the receiver 28 need to be directed to the target.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional bistatic radar device as described above, in order to detect the target by the method as described above, a fixed fan beam antenna has a limited fence-shaped coverage between the transmitting and receiving devices, In the case of beam scanning, beam scanning is performed so that the reception beam is directed to the transmission beam. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to a multistatic radar apparatus composed of three or more radars, there is a problem in that when the beam is scanned asynchronously, the beam crossing area is not sufficient and the multistatic radar apparatus does not function.
[0010]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a multistatic radar apparatus that effectively performs beam scanning so that a sufficient beam crossing area can be obtained.
[0011]
Other objects and novel features of the present invention will be clarified in embodiments described later.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Of this invention Claim 1 The multistatic radar apparatus according to the first aspect includes a first phased array antenna, a first transmission / reception station having a first scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning, a second phased array antenna, and an electronic device. A second transmitting / receiving station having a second scheduler for synchronously controlling beam scanning, and a third phased array antenna and an electron beam scanning synchronously disposed between the first and second transmitting / receiving stations. And a dedicated reception station having a third scheduler, wherein the first transmitting / receiving station is self-based on synchronization control of the first, second, and third schedulers. Is directed to the second area of its own coverage area, which overlaps with the first area, When the target is detected as a bistatic radar between the first transmission / reception station and the reception dedicated station, and the second transmission / reception station is directed to the third area of its coverage area, the reception dedicated station Is directed to a fourth area of its own coverage that overlaps with the third area, and performs target detection as a bistatic radar between the second transmitting / receiving station and the receiving-only station. When the target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar, the first or second transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar. Is.
[0014]
Of this invention Claim 2 In the multistatic radar apparatus according to the third aspect, the third scheduler of the reception dedicated station controls the beam scanning allocation time according to the degree of overlap of coverage with the first and second transmission / reception stations. .
[0015]
Of this invention Claim 3 The multistatic radar apparatus according to the first aspect includes a first phased array antenna, a first transmission / reception station having a first scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning, a second phased array antenna, and an electronic device. A second transmitting / receiving station having a second scheduler for synchronously controlling beam scanning, and a third phased array antenna and an electron beam scanning synchronously disposed between the first and second transmitting / receiving stations. And a third transmission / reception station having a third scheduler, wherein the first transmission / reception station is based on synchronous control of the first, second, and third schedulers. Is directed to the first area of its coverage area, the third transmitting / receiving station points to the second area of its coverage area that overlaps with the first area. When target detection is performed as a bistatic radar between the first transmission / reception station and the third transmission / reception station, and the second transmission / reception station is directed to the third area of its own coverage area The third transmitting / receiving station is directed to a fourth area of its own coverage that overlaps with the third area, and the third transmitting / receiving station is bistatic between the second transmitting / receiving station and the third transmitting / receiving station. Target detection as a radar The first, second, or third transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar when the target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar Is.
[0017]
Of this invention Claim 4 The multistatic radar apparatus according to the present invention includes a first drive unit that mechanically rotates a first antenna, a first transmission / reception station having a first scheduler that synchronously controls electron beam scanning, and a second antenna A second transmitting / receiving station having a rotating second driving unit and a second scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning; and a phased array antenna disposed between the first and second transmitting / receiving stations; And a dedicated reception station having a third scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning, based on the synchronous control of the first, second and third schedulers, When the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its coverage area, the reception-only station is directed to the second area of its coverage area that overlaps with the first area. Then, the target detection is performed as a bistatic radar between the first transmission / reception station and the reception-only station, and when the second transmission / reception station is directed to the third area of its coverage area, the reception is performed. The dedicated station directs the target area as a bistatic radar between the second transmitting / receiving station and the receiving dedicated station by directing to the fourth area of its own coverage area that overlaps with the third area. When the target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar, the first or second transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar. Is.
[0018]
Of this invention Claim 5 The multistatic radar apparatus according to the present invention includes a first transmission / reception station that has a first drive unit that mechanically rotates a first antenna, and performs target detection as a monostatic radar by scanning an electron beam in an arbitrary direction. A second transmission / reception station having a second drive unit for mechanically rotating the second antenna, performing target detection as a monostatic radar by scanning an electron beam in an arbitrary direction, and the first and second There is a scheduler that is arranged between the transmitting and receiving stations and controls the switching of the electron beam scanning for each scan with respect to the coverage in two directions overlapping the coverage of the phased array antenna and the first and second transmitting and receiving stations. And a reception-only station that performs target detection as a bistatic radar between the first transmission / reception station and the reception-only station and between the second transmission / reception station and the reception-only station. .
[0019]
Of this invention Claim 6 The multistatic radar apparatus according to the present invention includes a first drive unit that mechanically rotates a first antenna, a first transmission / reception station having a first scheduler that synchronously controls electron beam scanning, and a second antenna A second transmitting / receiving station having a second driving unit that rotates, and a second scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning, and a third antenna disposed between the first and second transmitting / receiving stations. A multistatic radar apparatus comprising: a third driving unit that rotates; and a third transmission / reception station having a third scheduler that synchronously controls electron beam scanning, wherein the first, second, and third When the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its coverage area, the third transmitting / receiving station overlaps with the first area, based on the synchronization control of the scheduler. Self coverage Targeting a second area, target detection is performed as a bistatic radar between the first transmission / reception station and the third transmission / reception station, and the second transmission / reception station is a third area in its coverage area. The third transmitting / receiving station is directed to a fourth area of its own coverage area that overlaps with the third area, and the third transmitting / receiving station and the third transmitting / receiving station are directed to the third transmitting / receiving station. Target detection as a bistatic radar between stations The first, second, or third transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar when the target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar Is.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, a case where there are three radars to which a phase detector, a pulse compressor, etc. are not applied will be described as an example, but four or more where these are applied. The same applies to a multi-static radar apparatus composed of the above radars.
[0021]
Embodiment 1 FIG.
A multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol shows the same or equivalent part.
[0022]
In FIG. 1, 1 is a transmission / reception station, 3 is a reception-only station, and 5 is a target.
[0023]
In the figure, 6 is an element antenna, 7 is a transmission / reception module, 8 is a circulator in the transmission / reception module, 9 is a large power amplifier in the transmission / reception module, 10 is a transmission / reception changeover switch in the transmission / reception module, and 11 is in the transmission / reception module. Phase shifter, low noise amplifier in 12 transceiver module, 13 synthesizer / distributor (MULTI), 14 circulator, 15 transmitter amplifier, 16 receiver amplifier, 17 mixer, 18 stabilized local oscillator , 19 is a transmission pulse generator, 20 is a moving target detector (MTI), 21 is a target detector, 22 is a beam controller, 23 is an AD converter (A / D), and 24 is a beam calculation having a Fourier transform function. Device (DFT).
[0024]
Next, the operation of the multistatic radar apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the concept of the coverage of the multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0025]
In FIG. 2, 2 is a coverage area of the transmission / reception station 1, and 4 is a coverage area of the reception-only station 3.
[0026]
In FIG. 2, a reception-only station 3 (R) having a digital beam forming function is arranged between two transmission / reception stations 1 (TR1, TR2) having a phased array antenna, and the coverage of each is illustrated. The case like this is assumed.
[0027]
At this time, the transmission / reception stations TR1 and TR2 perform electron beam scanning in an arbitrary direction and perform target detection as a monostatic radar. At the same time, the reception dedicated station R directs the reception beam to the coverage area 4 in two directions overlapping the coverage area 2 of the transmission / reception stations TR1 and TR2, and performs target detection as a multistatic radar with the transmission / reception stations TR1 and TR2. Do.
[0028]
First, in the transmission / reception station TR1 or TR2, the rectangular pulse generated by the transmission pulse generator 19 is frequency-converted up to the carrier frequency by the frequency star signal generated by the stabilizing local oscillator 18 and the mixer 17. Then, after necessary amplification is performed by the amplifier 15 of the transmission unit, the amplified signal is supplied to the transmission / reception module 7 through the circulator 14 and the combiner / distributor 13. In the transmission / reception module 7, the phase shifter 11 in each transmission / reception module is controlled based on the designation of the beam controller 22, and a transmission radio wave having a required phase difference is transmitted via the high power amplifier 9 and the circulator 8. Is emitted into space. As a result, the antenna beam is directed in the direction specified by the beam controller 22, and the electron beam is scanned as a phased array antenna by changing the setting of the phase shifter 11.
[0029]
The received radio wave reflected by the target 5 is received by the element antenna 6 of the transmission / reception station TR1 or TR2, and amplified by the low noise amplifier 12 via the circulator 8. By switching the transmission / reception changeover switch 10 to the reception system, the reception signals of the transmission / reception modules 7 are combined by the combiner / distributor 13 via the phase shifter 11 and input to the amplifier 16 of the receiver via the circulator 14. This received signal is frequency-converted by the Stall signal from the stabilizing local oscillator 18 and the mixer 17, discriminated by the target Doppler frequency by the moving target detector 20, and then detected by the target detector 21. s is the target detector output.
[0030]
At this time, the received radio wave reflected from the target 5 is also received by the reception-only station R. The signal is received by the element antenna 6 in the same manner as the transmission / reception station TR 1 or TR 2 and amplified by the low noise amplifier 12. This received signal is frequency-converted by the Stall signal by the stabilizing local oscillator 18 and the mixer 17, then converted into a digital signal by the AD converter 23, and simultaneously received in a plurality of directions by the beam calculator 24 having a Fourier transform function. Digital beam forming is performed.
[0031]
Among these, the signal in the required direction shown in FIG. 2 is discriminated based on the target Doppler frequency by the moving target detector 20, and then the target is detected by the target detector 21. s ₀ ~ S _N-1 Are the target detector outputs.
[0032]
By configuring the multistatic radar device as described above, the beam crossing area can be taken sufficiently without synchronizing the electron beam scanning of each radar, and the target in the coverage area of the multistatic radar can be effectively obtained. Can be detected.
[0033]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
A multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the concept of the coverage of the multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
[0034]
In the first embodiment, the case where a reception beam is simultaneously formed in a plurality of directions in accordance with the electron beam scanning of the adjacent radar has been shown. However, in this second embodiment, as shown in FIG. The configuration is such that the 3A electron beam scanning is synchronously controlled including the electron beam scanning of the adjacent radar. In FIG. 3, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.
[0035]
In FIG. 4, a reception-only station 3A (R) having a phased array antenna is arranged approximately in the middle of two transmitting / receiving stations 1A (TR1, TR2) having a phased array antenna, and the coverage of each is shown in FIG. The case like this is assumed.
[0036]
The electron beam scanning of each radar is controlled synchronously, and when the transmission / reception station TR1 is directed to the area 2A of the coverage area 2, the reception dedicated station R is directed to the area 4A of the coverage area 4 and the transmission / reception station TR1. A bistatic radar is configured between the reception dedicated stations R.
[0037]
At this time, the transmitting / receiving station TR2 is directed to the area 2A of the coverage area 2 and performs electron beam scanning alone as a monostatic radar.
[0038]
Further, when the transmission / reception station TR2 is directed to the area 2B of the coverage area 2, the reception dedicated station R is directed to the area 4B of the coverage area 4 so that the bistatic Configure the radar.
[0039]
At this time, the transmission / reception station TR1 is directed to the area 2B of the coverage area 2 and performs electron beam scanning alone as a monostatic radar.
[0040]
As shown in FIG. 3, the transmission / reception stations TR1 and TR2 and the reception dedicated station R have a scheduler 33 such as a highly stable atomic clock or wireless communication. By controlling the beam controller 22 of each radar based on the scheduler 33, the electron beam scanning of each radar can be synchronously controlled.
[0041]
By constructing a multistatic radar device as described above, it is possible to take a sufficient beam crossing area without having a digital beamforming function, and to effectively target the multistatic radar coverage. Can be detected.
[0042]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the above-described second embodiment, the case where the electron beam scanning of the reception-only station 3A located substantially in the middle is controlled synchronously including the electron beam scanning of the adjacent radar has been described. The distribution of the electron beam scanning of the reception-only station 3A is controlled in accordance with the interval.
[0043]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the concept of coverage of the multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The configuration of the multistatic radar device according to the third embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment.
[0044]
In FIG. 5, for two transmitting / receiving stations 1A (TR1, TR2) having a phased array antenna, a receiving-only station 3A (R) having a phased array antenna is arranged at a position close to the transmitting / receiving station TR1, Assume that each cover area is as shown in the figure.
[0045]
The electron beam scanning of each radar is synchronously controlled in the same manner as in the second embodiment, but the reception dedicated station R takes into account the wide area 4A of the coverage area 4 and the transmission / reception station TR1 and the reception dedicated station. The scheduler 33 in FIG. 3 is set so as to take a long time due to the bistatic radar configuration between R and the electron beam scanning is performed.
[0046]
By configuring a multistatic radar device as described above, a sufficient beam crossing area can be obtained corresponding to an arbitrary radar interval without having a digital beamforming function, and the multistatic A target in the radar coverage can be detected.
[0047]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
A multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the concept of the coverage area of the multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
[0048]
In the first to third embodiments, the case where the reception dedicated station 3 or 3A is arranged between the two transmission / reception stations 1 or 1A has been described. However, in the fourth embodiment, the three transmission / reception stations 1A are provided. Is configured to control electron beam scanning. In FIG. 6, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.
[0049]
FIG. 7 shows a case where the transmission / reception station 1A (TR3) is arranged in place of the reception-only station 3A in the second embodiment, but the same applies to other embodiments.
[0050]
The electron beam scanning of the transmission / reception stations TR1 and TR2 is synchronously controlled as in the second embodiment, but the transmission / reception station TR3 constitutes a bistatic radar for the areas 2A and 2B of its own coverage area 2. In this manner, the electron beam is scanned by the synchronous control, and the area 2C of the covered area 2 is scanned as the monostatic radar by the remaining time.
[0051]
By configuring the multistatic radar device as described above, it is possible to detect the target in the coverage area of the multistatic radar effectively by taking the beam crossing area sufficiently with the monostatic radar function. Can do.
[0052]
Embodiment 5 FIG.
A multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the concept of the coverage area of the multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
[0053]
In the first to fourth embodiments described above, a case where a multistatic radar is configured by three phased array radars has been shown. In the fifth embodiment, the transmitting / receiving station 1B by two antenna mechanical rotations and This is constituted by a reception-only station 3 having one digital beam forming function.
[0054]
The transmitting / receiving station 1B (TR1, TR2) by rotating the antenna machine arbitrarily rotates the antenna machine by the drive unit 25 and the drive controller 26, and performs target detection as a monostatic radar. At the same time, the reception dedicated station R directs the reception beam to the coverage area 4 in two directions overlapping with the transmission / reception stations TR1 and TR2, and performs target detection as the multi-static radar with the transmission / reception stations TR1 and TR2. In FIG. 8, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.
[0055]
By configuring the multistatic radar device as described above, a sufficient beam crossing area can be obtained even for the transmitting / receiving station 1B by the antenna mechanical rotation, and the target in the coverage area of the multistatic radar can be effectively set. Can be detected.
[0056]
Embodiment 6 FIG.
A multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the concept of coverage of a multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
[0057]
In the above fifth embodiment, the case where the reception beam is simultaneously formed in a plurality of directions in accordance with the antenna mechanical rotation of the adjacent radar is shown. However, in this sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. Each of the 3A electron beam scans is configured to be synchronously controlled by the scheduler 33 including the antenna mechanical rotation of the adjacent radar. In FIG. 10, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 3 and 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0058]
The drive controller 26 of the transmitting / receiving station 1C (TR1, TR2) controls the antenna mechanical rotation based on the scheduler 33. When the transmission / reception station TR1 is directed to the area 4A of the coverage area 4 of the reception-only station R, a bistatic radar is formed with the reception-only station R, and the transmission / reception station TR2 is the coverage area of the reception-only station R. 4 is controlled so as to be directed to areas other than the area 4B. When the transmission / reception station TR2 is directed to the area 4B of the coverage area 4 of the reception-only station R, the reverse is performed.
[0059]
By configuring the multi-static radar apparatus as described above, the beam crossing area can be sufficiently taken for the transmitting / receiving station 1C by the antenna mechanical rotation without having the digital beam forming function, and it is effective. In addition, it is possible to detect a target in the coverage area of a multistatic radar.
[0060]
Embodiment 7 FIG.
A multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the concept of coverage of the multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
[0061]
In the above sixth embodiment, the case where the electron beam scanning of the reception dedicated station 3A is synchronously controlled including the antenna mechanical rotation of the adjacent radar is shown. However, in this seventh embodiment, the synchronous control of the antenna mechanical rotation is not performed. The electron beam scanning of the reception-only station 3A is switched by the scheduler 33 for each scan. In FIG. 12, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.
[0062]
The drive controller 26 of the transmission / reception station 1B (TR1, TR2) controls the antenna mechanical rotation arbitrarily without being synchronized with each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, when the transmission / reception station TR1 is directed to the area 4A of the coverage area 4 of the reception-only station R, the transmission / reception station TR2 is directed to the area 4B of the coverage area 4 of the reception-only station R. Occurs. At this time, the reception-only station R switches alternately for each scan so that it is directed to the area 4A of the coverage area 4 and directed to the area 4B of the coverage area 4 in the next scan, for example.
[0063]
By configuring the multistatic radar device as described above, the beam crossing area can be taken sufficiently without synchronizing the antenna mechanical rotation, and the target in the coverage area of the multistatic radar can be detected effectively. be able to.
[0064]
Embodiment 8 FIG.
A multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the concept of the coverage area of the multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
[0065]
In the above first to seventh embodiments, at least one of the cases has been described in which a multistatic radar is configured by a phased array radar. However, in the eighth embodiment, all radars are configured by rotating an antenna machine. Is. In FIG. 14, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.
[0066]
The drive controller 26 of the transmission / reception station 1C (TR1, TR2, TR3) controls antenna mechanical rotation based on the scheduler 33. When the transmission / reception station TR1 is directed to the area 2A of the coverage area 2, a bistatic radar is formed with the transmission / reception station TR3, and the transmission / reception station TR2 is controlled to be directed to areas other than the area 2B of the coverage area 2 To do. Then, when the transmission / reception station TR2 is directed to the area 2B of the coverage area 2, the reverse is performed.
[0067]
By configuring the multistatic radar device as described above, a sufficient beam crossing area can be obtained even for the transmitting / receiving station 1C by the antenna mechanical rotation, and the target in the coverage area of the multistatic radar can be effectively set. Can be detected.
[0068]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the claims.
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
Of this invention Claim 1 As described above, the multistatic radar apparatus according to the present invention includes the first phased array antenna, the first transmission / reception station having the first scheduler for synchronously controlling the electron beam scanning, and the second phased array. A third transmission / reception station having a second scheduler for synchronously controlling the antenna and the electron beam scanning; a third phased array antenna; and an electronic device disposed between the first and second transmission / reception stations A multi-static radar apparatus including a reception dedicated station having a third scheduler for synchronously controlling beam scanning, wherein the first, second, and third schedulers are used to control the first When the transmission / reception station is directed to the first area of its own coverage area, the reception-only station overlaps with the first area and the second area of its coverage area Targeting the area, target detection is performed as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting / receiving station and the receiving-only station, and the second transmitting / receiving station points to the third area of its own coverage area. Sometimes, the reception dedicated station is directed to a fourth area of its coverage area that overlaps with the third area, and is targeted as a bistatic radar between the second transmission / reception station and the reception dedicated station. Detection When the target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar, the first or second transmission / reception station performs target detection as a monostatic radar. Therefore, there is an effect that a sufficient beam crossing area can be taken and the beam can be scanned effectively.
[0071]
Of this invention Claim 2 As described above, the multi-static radar apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention is configured so that the third scheduler of the reception-only station sets the beam scanning allocation time according to the degree of overlap of coverage with the first and second transmission / reception stations. Since the control is performed, there is an effect that a sufficient beam crossing area can be taken and the beam can be scanned effectively.
[0072]
Of this invention Claim 3 As described above, the multistatic radar apparatus according to the present invention includes the first phased array antenna, the first transmission / reception station having the first scheduler for synchronously controlling the electron beam scanning, and the second phased array. A third transmission / reception station having a second scheduler for synchronously controlling the antenna and the electron beam scanning; a third phased array antenna; and an electronic device disposed between the first and second transmission / reception stations A multi-static radar apparatus comprising a third transmitting / receiving station having a third scheduler for synchronously controlling beam scanning, and based on the synchronous control of the first, second, and third schedulers, When the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its own coverage area, the third transmitting / receiving station overlaps with the first area. The second transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting / receiving station and the third transmitting / receiving station, and the second transmitting / receiving station When directed to an area, the third transmitting / receiving station is directed to a fourth area of its own coverage that overlaps with the third area, and the second transmitting / receiving station and the third transmitting station Target detection as bistatic radar between transmitting and receiving stations When the target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar, the first, second, or third transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar. Therefore, there is an effect that a sufficient beam crossing area can be taken and the beam can be scanned effectively.
[0074]
Of this invention Claim 4 As described above, the multi-static radar apparatus according to the first transmitting / receiving station having the first driving unit that mechanically rotates the first antenna, the first scheduler that synchronously controls the electron beam scanning, A second drive unit that mechanically rotates the two antennas, a second transmission / reception station having a second scheduler that synchronously controls electron beam scanning, and the first and second transmission / reception stations; A multi-static radar apparatus comprising an array antenna and a reception dedicated station having a third scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning, wherein the synchronous control of the first, second, and third schedulers When the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its own coverage area, the reception dedicated station overlaps with the first area. Aiming at a second area, target detection is performed as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting / receiving station and the receiving-only station, and the second transmitting / receiving station points to a third area of its coverage area. The reception dedicated station is directed to a fourth area of its coverage area that overlaps with the third area, and a bistatic connection is established between the second transmission / reception station and the reception dedicated station. Target detection as a radar When the target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar, the first or second transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar. Therefore, there is an effect that a sufficient beam crossing area can be taken and the beam can be scanned effectively.
[0075]
Of this invention Claim 5 As described above, the multistatic radar apparatus according to the present invention includes the first drive unit that mechanically rotates the first antenna, and performs target detection as a monostatic radar by scanning an electron beam in an arbitrary direction. A first transmitting / receiving station, a second transmitting / receiving station that mechanically rotates a second antenna, and performs target detection as a monostatic radar by scanning an electron beam in an arbitrary direction; Electron beam scanning is switched between scans for a phased array antenna and a coverage area in two directions overlapping the coverage area of the first and second transmission / reception stations, arranged between the first and second transmission / reception stations. A reception-only system having a scheduler for controlling and performing target detection as a bistatic radar between the first transmission / reception station and the reception-only station and between the second transmission / reception station and the reception-only station. Since with the door, sufficiently taking the intersection area of the beam, effectively an effect that it is possible to beam scanning.
[0076]
Of this invention Claim 6 As described above, the multi-static radar apparatus according to the first transmitting / receiving station having the first driving unit that mechanically rotates the first antenna, the first scheduler that synchronously controls the electron beam scanning, A second drive unit that mechanically rotates two antennas, a second transmission / reception station having a second scheduler that synchronously controls electron beam scanning, and the first and second transmission / reception stations, A multi-static radar apparatus comprising: a third drive unit that mechanically rotates three antennas; and a third transmission / reception station having a third scheduler that synchronously controls electron beam scanning. When the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its coverage based on the synchronization control of the second and third schedulers, the third transmitting / receiving station Area and A target is detected as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting / receiving station and the third transmitting / receiving station in the second area of its own coverage area, and the second transmitting / receiving station When the third transmitting / receiving station is directed to the third area of the covered area, the third transmitting / receiving station is directed to the fourth area of the covered area overlapping the third area, and the second transmitting / receiving station is directed to the second area. Target detection as bistatic radar between the transmitting / receiving station and the third transmitting / receiving station The first, second, or third transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar when the target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar Therefore, there is an effect that a sufficient beam crossing area can be taken and the beam can be scanned effectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a concept of coverage of the multistatic radar device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of coverage of a multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of coverage of a multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of coverage of a multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of coverage of a multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of coverage of a multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a concept of coverage of a multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multistatic radar apparatus according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the concept of coverage of a multistatic radar device according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a conventional bistatic radar device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1A, 1B, 1C
2 Coverage of transmitting and receiving stations
3, 3A reception-only station
Coverage of 4 reception-only stations
5 goals
6-element antenna
7 Transmitter / receiver module
8 Circulator
9 High power amplifier
10 Transmission / reception switch
11 Phase shifter
12 Low noise amplifier
13 Composite distributor
14 Circulator
15 Amplifier
16 Amplifier
17 Mixer
18 Stabilized local oscillator
19 Transmission pulse generator
20 Moving target detector
21 Target detector
22 Beam controller
23 AD converter
24 beam calculator
25 Drive unit
26 Drive controller
33 Scheduler

Claims

A first transceiver station having a first phased array antenna and a first scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning;
A second transceiver station having a second phased array antenna and a second scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning;
A multistatic radar apparatus comprising: a third phased array antenna disposed between the first and second transmission / reception stations; and a reception dedicated station having a third scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning. Because
Based on the synchronous control of the first, second, and third schedulers, when the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its coverage area, Targeting as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting / receiving station and the receiving-only station, pointing to a second area of its own coverage that overlaps with the first area, and performing the second transmitting / receiving When a station is directed to a third area of its coverage area, the reception-only station is directed to a fourth area of its coverage area that overlaps with the third area, and the second area Target detection as a bistatic radar between the transmitting and receiving station and the dedicated receiving station ,
A multi-static radar apparatus , wherein the first or second transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as monostatic radar when target detection is not performed as bistatic radar.

The multi-static according to claim 1 , wherein the third scheduler of the dedicated reception station controls a beam scanning allocation time according to a degree of overlap of coverage with the first and second transmission / reception stations. -Radar equipment.

A first transceiver station having a first phased array antenna and a first scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning;
A second transceiver station having a second phased array antenna and a second scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning;
A multi-static circuit comprising: a third phased array antenna disposed between the first and second transmitting and receiving stations; and a third transmitting and receiving station having a third scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning. A radar device,
Based on the synchronization control of the first, second, and third schedulers, when the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its coverage area, the third transmitting / receiving station is , Directed to a second area of its own coverage that overlaps with the first area, performing target detection as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting and receiving station and the third transmitting and receiving station, When the second transmitting / receiving station is directed to the third area of its coverage area, the third transmitting / receiving station is directed to the fourth area of its coverage area that overlaps with the third area. And performing target detection as a bistatic radar between the second transmitting / receiving station and the third transmitting / receiving station ,
A multistatic radar apparatus , wherein the first, second or third transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar when target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar.

A first transmission / reception station having a first drive unit for mechanically rotating the first antenna and a first scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning;
A second transmission / reception station having a second drive unit for mechanically rotating the second antenna and a second scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning;
A multi-static radar apparatus comprising a phased array antenna and a reception-only station having a third scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning, which is arranged between the first and second transmission / reception stations. ,
Based on the synchronous control of the first, second, and third schedulers, when the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its coverage area, Targeting as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting / receiving station and the receiving-only station, pointing to a second area of its own coverage that overlaps with the first area, and performing the second transmitting / receiving When a station is directed to a third area of its coverage area, the reception-only station is directed to a fourth area of its coverage area that overlaps with the third area, and the second area Target detection as a bistatic radar between the transmitting and receiving station and the dedicated receiving station ,
A multi-static radar apparatus , wherein the first or second transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as monostatic radar when target detection is not performed as bistatic radar.

A first transmission / reception station having a first drive unit that mechanically rotates a first antenna, and performing target detection as a monostatic radar by scanning an electron beam in an arbitrary direction;
A second transmission / reception station having a second drive unit for mechanically rotating the second antenna and performing target detection as a monostatic radar by scanning an electron beam in an arbitrary direction;
Electron beam scanning is performed between the first and second transmission / reception stations and the phased array antenna and the coverage in two directions overlapping the coverage of the first and second transmission / reception stations for each scan. A receiving dedicated station that performs target detection as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting / receiving station and the receiving dedicated station and between the second transmitting / receiving station and the receiving dedicated station. A multistatic radar device characterized by that.

A first transmission / reception station having a first drive unit for mechanically rotating the first antenna and a first scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning;
A second transmission / reception station having a second drive unit for mechanically rotating the second antenna and a second scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning;
A third driving unit disposed between the first and second transmitting / receiving stations and mechanically rotating a third antenna; and a third transmitting / receiving station having a third scheduler for synchronously controlling electron beam scanning. A multi-static radar device comprising:
Based on the synchronization control of the first, second, and third schedulers, when the first transmitting / receiving station is directed to the first area of its coverage area, the third transmitting / receiving station is , Directed to a second area of its own coverage that overlaps with the first area, performing target detection as a bistatic radar between the first transmitting and receiving station and the third transmitting and receiving station, When the second transmitting / receiving station is directed to the third area of its coverage area, the third transmitting / receiving station is directed to the fourth area of its coverage area that overlaps with the third area. And performing target detection as a bistatic radar between the second transmitting / receiving station and the third transmitting / receiving station ,
A multistatic radar apparatus , wherein the first, second or third transmitting / receiving station performs target detection as a monostatic radar when target detection is not performed as a bistatic radar.