JP3643543B2 - Downward conveying method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a downward transport method for transporting concrete and aggregate downward at a construction site such as a dam or a subway, and an apparatus used for transporting the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A lot of concrete is used in dam construction and deep underground construction. In these constructions, a large amount of concrete is often transported to the lower placement position, and the quality of the construction greatly affects the quality of the transportation method. The transportation methods currently used in these constructions are (1) concrete pump method, (2) belt conveyor method, (3) concrete bucket method, (4) vertical pipe drop, or (5) Direct dumping.
[0003]
However, each had the following difficulties.
(1) Concrete pump method:
If the aggregate diameter increases, it cannot be used for transportation. When the vertical lower pipe is long, the pipe is blocked with concrete. The amount of transport per hour is limited.
(2) Method using belt conveyor:
When used for transporting concrete, the belt gradient is about ± 15%, and when transporting to a place with an elevation difference, the belt conveyor extension becomes longer and the equipment becomes larger.
(3) Concrete bucket method:
Concrete bucket transportation equipment (cable crane, tower crane, crawler crane) is required. Further, since the carrying capacity depends on these equipment capacity and the carrying cycle, the carrying capacity is limited by the equipment scale.
Method (4) by dropping on a vertical pipe:
Since the aggregate of the concrete is separated by free fall in the vertical pipe, the quality of the concrete cannot be ensured.
(5) Direct dumping method:
Although it is a construction method that transports from a batcher plant to a placement site by a dump truck (10 tons), it costs equipment costs such as a road entering a levee and a lift-up pier. In addition, the adoption depends on the terrain.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, RCD construction methods and extended layer construction methods aimed at streamlining construction have been developed and adopted at dam construction sites, and reliable results such as reduction of construction costs and shortening of construction period have been achieved. However, as mentioned above, there is still room for improvement in the rationalization of construction because there is no concrete downward transportation method with low equipment costs and large transportation capacity.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for transporting a transported object such as concrete downward and its apparatus, the equipment cost is low, mass transport is possible, and transport is possible without deteriorating the quality of the transported object.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a method of transporting downward,
For example, as shown in FIG. 2, fresh concrete 30 is introduced into an opening 22 provided in the cover 18 that covers the descending track of the endless belt 14 disposed along the vertical direction. The concrete 30 is placed on a plurality of shelves 15 provided at intervals, and the periphery of the shelves 15 is guided in contact with the cover 18, and the concrete 30 placed on the shelves 15 without using a driving unit is guided. The belt 14 is rotated by weight, the concrete 30 on the shelf board 15 is conveyed vertically downward by the rotation of the belt 14, and the attitude change of the shelf board 15 when the belt 14 changes from the descending track to the rising track, The concrete 30 on the shelf board 15 is discharged.
[0006]
Invention of Claim 2 is a downward conveying apparatus,
For example, as shown in FIG. 2, an endless belt 14 disposed along the vertical direction, a shelf board 15 for placing a plurality of fresh concrete provided at intervals in the rotation direction of the belt 14, and the lowering of the belt 14 A cover 18 for contacting and guiding the periphery of the shelf 15 covering the track, and an opening 22 provided in the cover 18 for introducing fresh concrete into the shelf 15. A driving means is not provided, and the belt 14 is rotated by the weight of fresh concrete placed on the shelf board 15.
[0007]
According to invention of Claim 1 and Claim 2, it has the following effects.
(1) Since concrete is placed on a plurality of shelves arranged at intervals in the rotational direction of an endless belt arranged in the vertical direction and continuously transported downward in the vertical direction, a large amount of concrete is moved downward in the vertical direction. Can be transported.
(2) Since the periphery of the shelf board is guided in contact with the cover covering the belt descending track, the concrete on the shelf board can be prevented from spilling out of the shelf board, and the transport efficiency of the concrete is good.
(3) Since concrete is placed on a shelf board and transported vertically downward, there is no separation of the aggregate as when the concrete is freely dropped, and there is no cracking of the aggregate due to a large impact at the time of landing. Does not get worse.
(4) Since the belt conveyor is a basic structure and the belt is provided with a shelf board and a cover that is in contact with the shelf board is simply provided, the equipment cost of the concrete downward conveying apparatus is low.
(5) By providing a plurality of openings for putting fresh concrete into the cover at intervals in the belt rotation direction, the height difference in which concrete is easily transported can be changed simply by changing the openings used for loading. be able to.
(6) Since the belt is rotated by the weight of the concrete placed on the shelf board, it is possible to omit the drive means and the power cost.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 3 is the downward conveying device according to claim 2,
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, support plates (support members) 17 and 16 are provided between the upper and lower surfaces of the shelf board 15 and the belt 14, and the shelf board 15 is provided between the upper surface of the shelf board 15 and the support plate 17. It is characterized in that only the lower surface of the support plate 16 and the support plate 16 are fixed, and the support plates 16 and 17 and the belt 14 are not fixed and kept in contact.
[0009]
According to invention of Claim 3, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the shelf board is supported from below by the support plate and the right-angled posture is reinforced, it can withstand the weight of the concrete placed on it and maintain the shelf posture, and transport the concrete without holding it spilled. can do.
(2) Even if the belt reaches the ascending trajectory and the shelf plate is turned upside down, the shelf plate can be supported from the bottom by the support plate. Can be prevented from falling off the belt.
(3) Since the support plate fixed to the shelf and the belt are not fixed and kept in contact with each other, when the belt passes through the lower pulley, the belt bends smoothly without being constrained. be able to.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 4 is the downward conveying apparatus according to claim 2 or 3,
As shown in FIG. 2, for example, the supply means is connected to the opening 22 of the cover 18 by inclining downward at a lower portion of a hopper (concrete container) 24 to which an inverter vibrator 23 is attached. The feeder pipe 25 is provided.
[0013]
According to invention of Claim 4,
The feeder pipe that is inclined downward and provided at the bottom of the hopper is connected to the opening of the cover, so that fresh concrete that is thrown into the hopper and falls inside the hopper due to the vibration of the vibrator is reliably opened without spilling outside the hopper. It can be supplied into the department and loaded on the shelf board.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0018]
[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a construction site of a dam in which the downward transportation method of the present invention is used. On the gantry 1 constructed at the dam site, a ground hopper 2, a transfer 3, a crane 5 installed on a post 4 and the like are installed. A batcher plant 6 is installed on the equipment yard, and fresh concrete kneaded and manufactured there is transported to the gantry 1 by the horizontal transport conveyor 7 and put into the ground hopper 2.
[0019]
Inside the gantry 1 at the position of the ground hopper 2, a lower transportation device 10 according to the present invention is installed as a concrete transportation means, and fresh concrete supplied from the ground hopper 2 is vertically lowered along the inner wall of the gantry 1. And is loaded on a relay conveyor 8a installed as a relay to the concrete placing floor surface.
[0020]
The concrete placed on the relay conveyor 8a is transferred to several horizontal conveyors one after another such as a spreader conveyor 8b, a relay conveyor 8c, a relay conveyor 8d, and a spreader conveyor 8e. Then, it is dropped onto the treated casting surface 50 from the conveyor, and placed on the casting surface 50 by a known method. These horizontal transfer conveyors 8c and the like are lifted by the crane 5 on the gantry 1 and carried into the gantry 1 after the completion of the conveyance. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 51 denotes a temporary drain tunnel, and 52 denotes a dam body to be constructed.
[0021]
In the present invention, the equipment cost is low, and in order to enable mass transportation of fresh concrete in the vertical direction, a belt conveyor system is adopted for the concrete downward conveying apparatus 10 and constructed based on this.
[0022]
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the concrete downward conveying apparatus 10 hangs an endless belt 14 around a pair of pulleys 13, and sets a shaft 13 a of each pulley 13 to 1. A vertical belt conveyor fixed inside the vertical position of the pair of vertical channels 12 is provided, and the channel 12 is fixed to the gantry 1 by a support member (not shown), thereby being arranged vertically along the inner wall of the gantry 1 Has been. A motor (not shown) is attached to the shaft 13a of one pulley, preferably the upper pulley 13, and the belt 14 disposed in the vertical direction is rotationally driven in the direction of arrow A by the rotation of the pulley 13 by the motor. It has become so. The belt 14 is formed of a rubber material having wear resistance in which rubber and fibers are stacked in a plurality of layers.
[0023]
According to the present invention, on the surface of the belt 14, a plurality of shelf boards 15 on which fresh concrete is placed are installed at equal intervals in the belt rotation direction. As shown in FIG. 4, each shelf plate 15 is made of a flat plate of rubber material having a width slightly smaller than the width of the belt 14, and is attached to the belt 14 at a right angle by welding to the surface of the belt 14. It is provided horizontally. The corners of the shelf plate 15 are rounded to reduce friction with the cover 18 described later.
[0024]
At two positions on the inner side in the lower surface width direction of the shelf board 15, a support plate 16 made of a small right-angled triangular rubber material in contact with the surface of the belt 14 is fixed by welding, and similarly, the upper surface width of the shelf board 15. At a central position in the direction, a support plate 17 made of a rubber triangle with a slightly large right triangle that is in contact with the surface of the belt 14 is fixed by welding. Between the support plates 16 and 17 and the belt 14, the belt is not fixed but simply abutted so as not to restrain the bending of the belt 14 when passing through the pulley 13. For the support plates 16 and 17, a rubber material having wear resistance similar to that of the belt is used.
[0025]
The lower support plate 16 allows the shelf plate 15 attached at a right angle to the surface of the belt 14 to withstand the weight of the concrete placed on it and maintain a right-angled posture so that the concrete can be held without spilling. This is to reinforce the right-angled posture by supporting the shelf board 15 from below. Without the upper support plate 17, the shelf plate 15 may hang down when the belt 14 reaches the ascending trajectory, and the welded portion between the shelf plate 15 and the belt 14 may be damaged. Is to support drooping from below and prevent drooping.
[0026]
On the descending track of the belt 14, a U-shaped steel cover 18 is provided to cover the belt 14. The cover 18 is for preventing fresh concrete placed on the shelf board 15 from spilling out of the shelf board 15, and as shown in FIG. The belt 14 is lowered while the shelf plate 15 is guided by the cover 18. A bolt-fastened rubber skirt (band) 21 is attached to the end of the cover 18, and the free end of the skirt 21 contacts the belt 14, so that the gap between the end of the cover 18 and the belt 14 is reached. The gap is blocked. The cover 18 is supported by a support fitting 19 on a frame body 20 assembled with a steel material. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the support fitting 19 has a support portion 19a attached to the cover 18 and a support portion 19b attached to the frame body 20, and the support portions 19a and 19b are elongated. With the bracket structure coupled with the fitted bolts, the horizontal position of the cover 18 with respect to the frame body 20 can be adjusted, and the cover 18 is supported at a position in contact with the shelf board 15.
[0027]
The cover 18 is provided with a plurality of square openings for receiving fresh concrete from the concrete supply means along the longitudinal direction (the rotation direction of the belt 14). This is to make it possible to easily adjust the height difference for conveying concrete without changing the length of the conveying device 10. In this example, since concrete is received and transported from the top opening 22, only the top opening 22 is shown in FIG. 2 and the bottom opening is omitted in order to avoid complication. It is. Open the unused openings by bolting the lid plate.
[0028]
In this Embodiment, the concrete downward conveying apparatus 10 is further provided with the concrete supply means. The concrete supply means includes an inverter vibrator 23 in a hopper 24 having a vertical cross section of an inverted right triangular shape. In this example, the hopper 24 is attached to the vicinity of the upper end portion of the transporting device 10 by being supported by the frame body 20. The hopper 24 can be attached to any position in the vertical direction of the transport device 10 so as to cope with a change in the opening of the cover 18 used for charging concrete.
[0029]
The hopper 24 is provided with a feeder tube 25 having a quadrangular cross section inclined downward toward the opening 22 of the cover 18 at a lower portion thereof. The feeder tube 25 has a steep inclination similar to that of the bottom surface 24a of the hopper 24, protrudes on the extension of the bottom surface 24a, and is bolted to the opening 22 of the cover 18 through a rubber band. The feeder tube 25 is made of an anti-vibration rubber in order to prevent vibrations from the vibrator 23 from being transmitted to the cover 18. The vibrator 23 is attached to the bottom of the hopper 24.
[0030]
In order to convey fresh concrete from above the gantry 1 along the inner wall of the gantry 1 with the concrete lower conveying device 10 of the present invention in the vertical direction, first, the belt 14 is rotated in the direction of arrow A by the drive motor. 14 is moved down in the cover 18, and the shelf 15 is successively passed through the opening 22 while the shelf 15 arranged in parallel in the rotation direction of the belt 14 is guided by the cover 18. On the other hand, fresh concrete is put into the hopper 24 from the ground hopper 2 of FIG. 1, and vibration is applied to the hopper 24 by the vibrator 23. As shown in FIG. 5, the thrown-in concrete 30 falls while collapsing along the bottom surface 24a of the hopper 24 due to vibration, is thrown into the cover 18 from the opening 22 of the cover 18 through the feeder pipe 25, and opened. It falls on the shelf board 15 immediately after passing the part 22 one after another, and the concrete 30 mounts on the shelf board 15 in a laminated lump shape with a small volume.
[0031]
At this time, the shelf board 15 is reinforced by the support plate 17 attached to the upper surface and the two support plates 16 attached to the lower surface so as to maintain a right-angled posture with respect to the belt 14. It is held on the shelf 15 without spilling.
[0032]
Thus, the small volume fresh concrete 30 loaded on the shelf board 15 that has passed through the openings 22 one after another is prevented from spilling out of the shelf board 15 by the cover 18 in contact with the shelf board 15. As the belt 14 is lowered, the belt 14 is transported vertically downward along the inner wall of the gantry 1. Then, the belt 14 is bent downward by reaching the lower pulley 13 at the lower end, so that the surface of the belt 14 and the shelf 15 are directed downward, so that the concrete 30 is discharged from the shelf 15 reaching the lower end of the belt one after another. The At this time, since the support plates 16 and 17 that reinforce the posture of the shelf plate 15 are not fixed to the belt 14 and are merely in contact with each other, the belt 14 is not restrained from bending. Pass through pulley 13. The concrete 30 discharged from the shelf 15 one after another falls onto the relay conveyor 8a disposed below and is sequentially stacked, and as described above, is delivered to the conveyors subsequent to the next spreader conveyor 8b, and is leveled. It is carried to the placement surface and used for placement.
[0033]
When the lower transport device 10 of the present embodiment is used in a place where the height difference of concrete transport is less than the above, the cover plate of the opening of the cover 18 corresponding to the transport height difference is removed, and the frame of the hopper 24 is removed. The attachment position to the body 20 may be moved accordingly, and the feeder tube 25 of the hopper 24 may be connected to the opening.
[0034]
In the above embodiment, the motor is used to drive the belt 14. However, according to the present invention, the belt 14 can be lowered and rotated by gravity using the weight of the concrete 30 loaded on the shelf board 15. Therefore, a belt drive source is not necessarily required and can be omitted.
[0035]
The concrete downward conveying method and its apparatus of the present embodiment are configured as described above and have the following operational effects.
(1) Since fresh concrete 30 is placed on a number of widthwise shelf boards 15 provided perpendicular to the surface of the endless belt 14 in the vertical direction and transported downward in the vertical direction, a large amount of concrete 30 is transported downward in the vertical direction. The concrete carrying capacity is great.
(2) Since the periphery of the shelf board 15 is guided in contact with the cover 18 that covers the descending track of the belt 14, the concrete 30 on the shelf board 15 can be prevented from spilling out of the shelf board 15, and the concrete Good transport efficiency.
(3) Since the concrete is placed on the shelf board 15 and transported downward in the vertical direction, there is no separation of the aggregate as when the concrete is freely dropped, and there is no cracking of the aggregate due to impact at the time of landing, and the concrete quality is improved. Does not get worse.
(4) Since the belt conveyor 14 is basically a simple structure in which a shelf plate 15 is provided on the belt 14 and a cover 18 that is in contact with the shelf plate 15 is provided, the equipment cost of the concrete downward conveying apparatus is low.
(5) By providing the cover 18 with a plurality of openings 22 for charging fresh concrete, it is possible to easily change the height difference in which the concrete is transported by changing the openings used for charging.
(6) The shelf plate 15 is supported from below by the support plate 16 to reinforce the right-angle posture, so that the right-angle posture of the shelf plate 15 is maintained by withstanding the weight of the concrete 30 placed thereon, and the concrete 30 is spilled. It can be held efficiently and transported efficiently.
(7) Even in the ascending track of the belt 14, the shelf plate 15 is lowered from the lower side by the support plate 17 to prevent the shelf plate 15 from sagging, so that the fixing portion between the shelf plate 15 and the belt 14 is prevented from being damaged. The falling off of the 15 belts 14 can be eliminated.
(8) Since the support plates 16 and 17 fixed to the shelf plate 15 and the belt 14 are not fixed and remain in contact with each other, the belt 14 is bent when the belt 14 passes the lower pulley 13. Can pass smoothly without being restricted.
(9) Since the feeder pipe 25 inclined downward provided in the lower part of the hopper 24 which is a concrete supply means is connected to the opening 22 of the cover 18, it is put into the hopper 24 and the inside of the hopper 24 is vibrated by the vibration of the vibrator 23. The falling fresh concrete 30 can be reliably supplied into the opening 22 without spilling out of the hopper 24 and loaded on the shelf board 15.
(10) When the driving means for the endless belt 14 is not provided and the belt 14 is rotated by the weight of the concrete 30 placed on the shelf board 15, the equipment cost and power cost of the belt driving means can be omitted.
[0036]
In the above embodiment, the lower transport device 10 is installed vertically and the concrete is transported vertically downward. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the lower transport device 10 is inclined. The fresh concrete 30 may be placed on the shelf 15 of the inclined belt 14 and transported obliquely downward from the upper position to the lower position. Further, the shelf 15 may be installed horizontally with respect to the inclined belt 14.
Moreover, although fresh concrete was conveyed below, conveyed objects, such as aggregate, may be conveyed. Since it is carried on the shelf board 15 and transported downward, there is no problem such as cracking of the conveyed product due to a large impact at the time of landing as in the case of free fall, and the quality of the conveyed product does not deteriorate.
The belt 14, the shelf plate 15, and the support plates 16 and 17 are made of rubber, but any material having a certain degree of rigidity and wear resistance can be used.
[0037]
Further, the shape of the shelf plate 15 and the support plates 16 and 17 and the like are also arbitrary, and it is needless to say that specific detailed structures and the like can be appropriately changed.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first and second aspects of the invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) A large amount of concrete can be transported vertically downward, and the concrete transport capacity is large.
(2) The concrete on the shelf board can be prevented from spilling out of the shelf board, and the concrete transport efficiency is good.
(3) There is no aggregate separation like when concrete is dropped freely, and there is no cracking of the aggregate due to a large impact at the time of landing, and the concrete quality does not deteriorate.
(4) The equipment cost of the concrete vertical downward conveying apparatus is low.
(5) By providing a plurality of openings for putting fresh concrete into the cover at intervals in the belt rotation direction, the height difference in which concrete is easily transported can be changed simply by changing the openings used for loading. be able to.
(6) The equipment cost and power cost of the driving means for the endless belt can be omitted.
[0039]
According to invention of Claim 3, it has the following effects.
(1) It can withstand the weight of the concrete placed on the shelf board, maintain the attitude of the shelf board, and hold and transport the concrete placed on the shelf board without spilling.
(2) Even if the belt reaches the ascending trajectory and the shelf plate is turned upside down, it is possible to prevent damage to the fixing portion with the belt due to the hanging of the shelf plate and to prevent the shelf plate from falling off the belt.
(3) When the belt passes through the lower pulley, the bending of the belt is not restrained and can pass smoothly.
[0041]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the fresh concrete that is put into the hopper and falls inside the hopper due to the vibration of the vibrator is reliably supplied into the opening without spilling out of the hopper, and is loaded on the shelf board. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a construction site of a dam in which the downward transportation method of the present invention is used.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of an embodiment of a concrete vertical lower conveying apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
3 is a plan view of the carrying device of FIG.
4 is a diagram illustrating a method of supporting a shelf plate provided on a belt of the transporting device of FIG. 2 using a support plate.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing the operation of the transport device of FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gantry 10 Concrete vertical downward conveying apparatus 14 Belt 15 Shelf board 16, 17 Support plate 18 Cover 20 Frame body 22 Opening part 23 Inverter vibrator 24 Hopper 25 Feeder pipe

Claims (4)

  Fresh concrete is put into an opening provided in a cover that covers a descending track of an endless belt arranged along the vertical direction, and the concrete is placed on a plurality of shelves provided at intervals in the rotation direction of the belt. The belt is rotated by the weight of the concrete placed on the shelf without using a driving means while guiding the periphery of the shelf in contact with the cover, and the concrete on the shelf is A downward conveying method characterized in that the concrete on the shelf board is discharged by a change in posture of the shelf board when the belt is moved downward by rotation of the belt and the belt changes from a descending orbiting track to an ascending orbit.   An endless belt disposed along the vertical direction, a shelf board for placing a plurality of fresh concrete provided at intervals in the rotation direction of the belt, and a periphery of the shelf board that covers the down track of the belt A weight of the fresh concrete placed on the shelf without a belt driving means, having a cover to contact and guide, and an opening for putting fresh concrete into the shelf provided on the cover A downward conveying device characterized in that the belt is rotated by the above.   A support member is provided between the upper surface and the lower surface of the shelf plate and the belt surface, and only the space between the support member and the upper surface and the lower surface of the shelf plate is fixed. 3. The lower conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the lower conveying device is kept in contact.   3. A fresh concrete supply means, wherein the supply means is provided with a feeder pipe inclined downward and connected to the opening at a lower portion of a concrete container to which a vibration means is attached. Or the downward conveying apparatus of 3.

Images