JP3640742B2 - Catalytic converter for vehicle exhaust system - Google Patents

Catalytic converter for vehicle exhaust system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3640742B2
JP3640742B2 JP22390696A JP22390696A JP3640742B2 JP 3640742 B2 JP3640742 B2 JP 3640742B2 JP 22390696 A JP22390696 A JP 22390696A JP 22390696 A JP22390696 A JP 22390696A JP 3640742 B2 JP3640742 B2 JP 3640742B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
catalytic converter
diffuser
exhaust gas
exhaust system
vehicle
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JP22390696A
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JPH1061431A (en
Inventor
達也 亀山
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Calsonic Kansei Corp
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Calsonic Kansei Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、車両排気系に装着される触媒コンバータに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に車両排気系には、エンジンから排出された排ガスを浄化する触媒コンバータが装着されており、斯かる触媒コンバータに用いる触媒担体として、従来、実開平4−52525号公報に開示されるようなセラミックで成形されたセラミック触媒担体や、金属製薄板の波板と平板を多重に積層した金属触媒担体が広く知られている。
【0003】
そして、これらの触媒担体に貴金属触媒の担持処理を施した後、セラミック触媒コンバータにあっては、上記公報に開示されるように両端にディフューザが一体成形された一対の半割れ外筒内に、保持部材や発泡性シール部材(インタラムマット)を介してセラミック触媒担体を装着し、又、金属触媒コンバータにあっては、図5に示すように金属触媒担体1を断面円形状の外筒3内に挿着した後、当該外筒3の排ガス流入側(上流側)と排ガス流出側(下流側)にディフューザ5を夫々接合して金属触媒コンバータ7が成形されている。
【0004】
上記ディフューザ5は、排気管(図示せず)からの排ガスの整流や触媒コンバータ7の通気抵抗を低下させる目的で装着するもので、図示するように従来、外筒3の排ガス流入側に装着されるディフューザ5は、排気管の外形形状に沿って成形された排気管接続部5aから、外筒3の外形形状に沿って成形された外筒接続部5b側へ、軸方向に沿ってテーパ状に内径が漸次拡大する拡開部5cが成形されている。そして、外筒3の排ガス流出側外周にこれと同一形状のディフューザ5が装着されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
然し乍ら、昨今、車両の床下に於けるスペース上の制約や車両の軽量化の要請から触媒コンバータの小型化が望まれているが、触媒コンバータの小型化を図るために上記ディフューザ5の寸法を単に短縮しただけでは通気抵抗が悪化してしまうことは明らかで、少なくとも従来と同程度の通気抵抗値を維持しつつ、車両搭載性のよいコンパクトな触媒コンバータが要望されていた。
【0006】
本発明は斯かる実情に鑑み案出されたもので、従来に比し通気抵抗値を上昇させることなく、その小型化を図って車両搭載性の向上を図った車両排気系の触媒コンバータを提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
斯かる目的を達成するため、請求項1に係る車両排気系の触媒コンバータは、排気管接続部から外筒接続部へ漸次拡開する拡開部が形成されたディフューザを、外筒の排ガス流入側と排ガス流出側に装着した車両排気系の触媒コンバータに於て、排ガス流入側のディフューザの拡開部を、内径が軸方向に沿ってインボリュート曲線形状に漸次拡大するノズル形状としたことを特徴とする。
【0008】
そして、請求項2に係る発明は、請求項1記載の車両排気系の触媒コンバータに於て、排ガス流出側のディフューザの拡開部を、内径が軸方向に沿ってインボリュート曲線形状に漸次拡大するノズル形状としたことを特徴とし、請求項3に係る発明は、請求項1記載の車両排気系の触媒コンバータに於て、排ガス流出側のディフューザの拡開部を、内径が軸方向に沿ってテーパ状に漸次拡大するノズル形状としたことを特徴とする。
【0009】
(作用)
各請求項に係る触媒コンバータを車両排気系に装着することによって排ガスの浄化が図られるが、排気管からディフューザ内に流入した排ガスは、インボリュート曲線形状に成形された拡開部に沿ってスムーズに広がり乍ら触媒担体の上流側端部に均一に案内されることとなる。
【0010】
そして、請求項2及び請求項3に係る触媒コンバータでは、触媒担体を通過した排ガスが、排ガス流出側のディフューザの内壁に沿ってスムーズに下流側の排気管に案内されることとなる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づき詳細に説明する。尚、図5に示す従来例と同一のものは同一符号を以って表示する。
【0012】
図1は請求項1及び請求項2に係る触媒コンバータの一実施形態を示し、図中、11,12は、夫々、断面円形状の外筒3の排ガス流出,入側外周に接合されたディフューザで、図2に示すように排気管の外形形状に沿って成形された排気管接続部13,14の内径Mは50.8φmm、そして、外筒3の外形形状に沿って成形された外筒接続部15,16の内径Nは108φmmとされており、これらは図5に示すディフューザ5と同一寸法である。
【0013】
そして、図5に示すディフューザ5の前後方向の長さL1 が従来217mmであるのに対し、本実施形態に係る触媒コンバータ17は、ディフューザ11,12を上記ディフューザ5と同一材料を以って成形し、そして、その前後方向の長さL2 を150mmとして全長を従来に比し2/3に短縮すると共に、図5のテーパ形状に変え、排気管接続部13,14と外筒接続部15,16との間を軸方向に沿って一つのインボリュート曲線で繋いで、恰もこのインボリュート曲線を中心軸の周囲に360度回転させた如く、拡開部11a,12aを、内径が軸方向に沿ってインボリュート曲線形状に漸次拡大するノズル形状としたものである。
【0014】
而して、上述の如くディフューザ11,12の拡開部11a,12aをインボリュート曲線形状に成形するに当たり、本発明者は、図2に示すディフューザ11,12を装着した図1の触媒コンバータ17と図5に示す従来のディフューザ5を装着した触媒コンバータ7に加え、図3及び図4に示すディフューザ19,21を夫々装着した触媒コンバータを用いて通気抵抗実験を行った。
【0015】
これらのディフューザ19,21は、上記ディフューザ11,12と同一材料を以って、何れも前後方向の長さL2 と排気管接続部23,25の内径M及び外筒接続部27,29の内径Nを、夫々、上記ディフューザ11,12と同一寸法とすると共に、図3のディフューザ19は、排気管接続部23と外筒接続部27との間の拡開部31を、内径が軸方向に沿って外筒接続部27へと漸次拡大するテーパ状に成形し、そして、図4のディフューザ21は排気管接続部25と外筒接続部29との間をsinカーブで繋いで、内径が軸方向に沿って外筒接続部29へと漸次拡大する拡開部33を成形したもので、実験ではこれらを同一形状毎に外筒3の排ガス流入側と排ガス流出側に夫々接合して触媒コンバータを成形した。
【0016】
尚、金属触媒担体1のセル数は1平方インチ当たり200である。
そして、図1に示すように1m3 /min〜10m3 /minの範囲で排ガスGを各触媒コンバータ17に流入して、各流量毎の金属触媒担体1の前後差圧を測定した。
その実験結果(通気抵抗実測データ)が以下に示す表1で、表示した「現行」は図5に示す従来の触媒コンバータ7、「テーパ」は図3のディフューザ19を用いた触媒コンバータ、「sinカーブ」は図4のディフューザ21を用いた触媒コンバータ、そして、「インボリュート」は図1に示す触媒コンバータ17を示し、又、実験結果の単位はmmAqである。
【表1】

Figure 0003640742
而して、上記実験結果から明らかなように、図3及び図4に示すディフューザ19,21を夫々用いた場合には、触媒コンバータの全長が従来に比し短くなるものの、約9%程通気抵抗値が従来に比し悪化してしまうため好ましくないが、図2に示すディフューザ11,12を用いた図1の触媒コンバータ17では、従来に比し約8%通気抵抗値が向上している。
【0017】
本実施形態は上記実験結果を踏まえた上で、ディフューザ11,12の拡開部11a,12aの形状としてインボリュート曲線形状を選択したもので、斯かるディフューザ11,12を用いた触媒コンバータ17を車両排気系に装着することで排ガスの浄化が図られるが、排気管からディフューザ11内に流入した排ガスGは、インボリュート曲線形状に成形された拡開部11aに沿ってスムーズに広がり乍ら、金属触媒担体1の上流側端部に均一に案内され、そして、金属触媒担体1を通過した排ガスGは、排ガス流出側のディフューザ12の内壁に沿ってスムーズに下流側の排気管に案内されることとなる。
【0018】
そして、本実施形態によれば、斯様に金属触媒担体1の上流側端部に排ガスGが均一に案内されるため、上記実験結果から明らかなように、図5に示す触媒コンバータ7に比し排ガスGの流れがスムーズとなって触媒コンバータ17の通気抵抗値が向上すると共に、触媒コンバータ17の全長が134mm程短縮して車両搭載性が向上することとなった。
【0019】
又、図示しないが、請求項3に係る発明の一実施形態のように、上記ディフューザ11を排ガス流入側に用いると共に、拡開部がテーパ状のディフューザ19を排ガス流出側に用いた場合には(表1中、Fインボ,Rテーパ)、表1に示す如く通気抵抗値が更に2%向上しており、斯かる実施形態によれば、更に所期の目的を達成することが可能となる。
【0020】
尚、上記各実施形態は、金属触媒コンバータに本発明を適用したが、本発明をセラミック触媒コンバータに適用することができることは勿論である。
又、上記各実施形態では、金属触媒担体1を装着する外筒3を断面円形状に成形したが、金属触媒担体及びこれを装着する外筒が所謂断面略トラック形状の場合には、例えばこれに装着するディフューザの拡開部の短軸径方向と長軸径方向を、夫々、内径が軸方向に沿って異なるインボリュート曲線形状に漸次拡大するノズル形状に成形すればよい。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、各請求項に係る触媒コンバータによれば、従来に比し小型化が可能となって車両搭載性が向上すると共に、小型化に伴い通気抵抗値が上昇することもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】請求項1及び請求項2の一実施形態に係る触媒コンバータの側面図である。
【図2】インボリュート曲線形状を以って成形されたディフューザの側面図である。
【図3】従来に比し短寸なテーパ状に成形されたディフューザの側面図である。
【図4】sinカーブを以って成形されたディフューザの側面図である。
【図5】従来の触媒コンバータの側面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 金属触媒担体
3 外筒
11,12,19,21 ディフューザ
11a,12a 拡開部
17 触媒コンバータ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a catalytic converter mounted on a vehicle exhaust system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, a catalytic converter for purifying exhaust gas discharged from an engine is mounted on a vehicle exhaust system. Conventionally, as a catalyst carrier used in such a catalytic converter, a ceramic as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-52525 is known. There are widely known ceramic catalyst carriers formed by, and metal catalyst carriers in which corrugated and flat metal plates are laminated in layers.
[0003]
And after carrying out the precious metal catalyst supporting treatment on these catalyst carriers, in the ceramic catalytic converter, as disclosed in the above publication, in a pair of half-cracked outer cylinders integrally formed with diffusers at both ends, A ceramic catalyst carrier is mounted via a holding member or a foamable seal member (interlam mat). In the case of a metal catalyst converter, the metal catalyst carrier 1 is attached to an outer cylinder 3 having a circular cross section as shown in FIG. After being inserted therein, the diffuser 5 is joined to the exhaust gas inflow side (upstream side) and the exhaust gas outflow side (downstream side) of the outer cylinder 3 to form the metal catalytic converter 7.
[0004]
The diffuser 5 is mounted for the purpose of rectifying the exhaust gas from an exhaust pipe (not shown) and reducing the ventilation resistance of the catalytic converter 7, and is conventionally mounted on the exhaust gas inflow side of the outer cylinder 3 as shown. The diffuser 5 is tapered along the axial direction from the exhaust pipe connecting portion 5a formed along the outer shape of the exhaust pipe to the outer tube connecting portion 5b formed along the outer shape of the outer cylinder 3. An expanded portion 5c whose inner diameter gradually increases is formed. A diffuser 5 having the same shape as this is attached to the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 3 on the exhaust gas outflow side.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in recent years, downsizing of the catalytic converter is desired due to the space limitation under the floor of the vehicle and the demand for weight reduction of the vehicle, but in order to reduce the size of the catalytic converter, the dimensions of the diffuser 5 are simply set. It is clear that the airflow resistance is deteriorated only by shortening, and there has been a demand for a compact catalytic converter that has at least the same airflow resistance value as that of the prior art and has a good vehicle mounting property.
[0006]
The present invention has been devised in view of such circumstances, and provides a catalytic converter for a vehicle exhaust system that is reduced in size and improved in vehicle mountability without increasing the airflow resistance value as compared with the prior art. The purpose is to do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve such an object, a catalytic converter for a vehicle exhaust system according to claim 1 is configured such that a diffuser in which an expansion portion that gradually expands from an exhaust pipe connection portion to an outer cylinder connection portion is formed, and an exhaust gas inflow of the outer cylinder In the exhaust converter catalytic converter mounted on the exhaust side and exhaust gas outlet side, the diffuser on the exhaust gas inflow side has a nozzle shape whose inner diameter gradually increases in an involute curve along the axial direction. And
[0008]
The invention according to claim 2, At a catalytic converter of a vehicle exhaust system according to claim 1, the expanding portion of the exhaust gas outlet side diffuser gradually in an involute curve shape inside diameter along the axial direction larger characterized in that the nozzle shape, the invention according to claim 3, at a catalytic converter of a vehicle exhaust system according to claim 1, the expanding portion of the exhaust gas outlet side diffuser inner diameter in the axial direction along it characterized in that the nozzle shape gradually expanding in a tapered shape.
[0009]
(Function)
The exhaust gas flowing into the diffuser from the exhaust pipe smoothly flows along the expanded portion formed in the involute curve shape by mounting the catalytic converter according to each claim on the vehicle exhaust system. The spread is uniformly guided to the upstream end of the catalyst carrier.
[0010]
In the catalytic converter according to the second and third aspects, the exhaust gas that has passed through the catalyst carrier is smoothly guided to the downstream exhaust pipe along the inner wall of the exhaust gas outlet side diffuser.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same thing as the prior art example shown in FIG. 5 is displayed with the same code | symbol.
[0012]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a catalytic converter according to claim 1 and claim 2, in which 11 and 12 are diffusers joined to the exhaust gas outflow of the outer cylinder 3 having a circular cross section and the inlet side outer periphery, respectively. 2, the inner diameter M of the exhaust pipe connecting portions 13 and 14 formed along the outer shape of the exhaust pipe is 50.8 mm, and the outer cylinder formed along the outer shape of the outer cylinder 3. The inner diameters N of the connecting portions 15 and 16 are 108 mm, and these are the same dimensions as the diffuser 5 shown in FIG.
[0013]
And while the length L 1 in the front-rear direction of the diffuser 5 shown in FIG. 5 is 217 mm in the related art, the catalytic converter 17 according to this embodiment uses the same material as the diffuser 5 for the diffusers 11 and 12. Then, the length L 2 in the front-rear direction is set to 150 mm, the overall length is shortened to 2/3 of the conventional length, and the tapered shape shown in FIG. 5 is changed to the exhaust pipe connecting portions 13 and 14 and the outer tube connecting portion. 15 and 16 are connected by a single involute curve along the axial direction, and the involute curve is rotated 360 degrees around the central axis so that the expanded portions 11a and 12a have an inner diameter in the axial direction. A nozzle shape that gradually expands along the involute curve shape is formed.
[0014]
Thus, in forming the expanded portions 11a and 12a of the diffusers 11 and 12 into an involute curve shape as described above, the present inventor and the catalytic converter 17 of FIG. 1 equipped with the diffusers 11 and 12 shown in FIG. In addition to the catalytic converter 7 equipped with the conventional diffuser 5 shown in FIG. 5, a ventilation resistance experiment was conducted using the catalytic converter equipped with the diffusers 19 and 21 shown in FIGS.
[0015]
These diffusers 19, 21 are made of the same material as the diffusers 11, 12, and the length L 2 in the front-rear direction, the inner diameter M of the exhaust pipe connecting portions 23, 25, and the outer tube connecting portions 27, 29 are both The inner diameter N has the same dimensions as the diffusers 11 and 12, respectively, and the diffuser 19 in FIG. 3 has an expanded portion 31 between the exhaust pipe connecting portion 23 and the outer cylinder connecting portion 27, and the inner diameter is in the axial direction. 4 is formed into a tapered shape that gradually expands to the outer cylinder connection portion 27, and the diffuser 21 in FIG. 4 connects the exhaust pipe connection portion 25 and the outer cylinder connection portion 29 with a sin curve, and has an inner diameter. Is formed with an expanding portion 33 that gradually expands along the axial direction to the outer cylinder connecting portion 29. In the experiment, these are joined to the exhaust gas inflow side and the exhaust gas outflow side of the outer cylinder 3 for each same shape. A catalytic converter was molded.
[0016]
The number of cells of the metal catalyst carrier 1 is 200 per square inch.
Then, the exhaust gas G in the range of 1m 3 / min~10m 3 / min as shown in FIG. 1 flows into the catalytic converter 17 to measure the differential pressure of the metal catalyst carrier 1 for each flow rate.
The experimental results (ventilation resistance measurement data) are shown in Table 1 below. The displayed “current” is the conventional catalytic converter 7 shown in FIG. 5 and the “taper” is the catalytic converter using the diffuser 19 of FIG. “Curve” indicates the catalytic converter using the diffuser 21 of FIG. 4, and “Involute” indicates the catalytic converter 17 shown in FIG. 1, and the unit of the experimental result is mmAq.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003640742
Thus, as is apparent from the above experimental results, when the diffusers 19 and 21 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are used, the total length of the catalytic converter is shorter than that of the conventional converter, but the air passage is about 9%. 1 is not preferable because the resistance value is deteriorated as compared with the conventional case. However, in the catalytic converter 17 of FIG. 1 using the diffusers 11 and 12 shown in FIG. 2, the ventilation resistance value is improved by about 8% as compared with the conventional case. .
[0017]
In the present embodiment, an involute curve shape is selected as the shape of the expanded portions 11a, 12a of the diffusers 11, 12 based on the above experimental results, and the catalytic converter 17 using such diffusers 11, 12 is used in a vehicle. Exhaust gas can be purified by attaching it to the exhaust system, but the exhaust gas G that has flowed into the diffuser 11 from the exhaust pipe spreads smoothly along the expanded portion 11a formed in an involute curve shape. The exhaust gas G that is uniformly guided to the upstream end portion of the carrier 1 and that has passed through the metal catalyst carrier 1 is smoothly guided to the downstream exhaust pipe along the inner wall of the diffuser 12 on the exhaust gas outlet side. Become.
[0018]
Then, according to the present embodiment, the exhaust gas G is uniformly guided to the upstream end of the metal catalyst carrier 1 as described above, and therefore, as is clear from the above experimental results, compared with the catalytic converter 7 shown in FIG. As a result, the flow of the exhaust gas G becomes smooth, the ventilation resistance value of the catalytic converter 17 is improved, and the total length of the catalytic converter 17 is shortened by about 134 mm, so that the vehicle mounting property is improved.
[0019]
Although not shown, when the diffuser 11 is used on the exhaust gas inflow side and the diffuser 19 having a tapered opening is used on the exhaust gas outflow side as in an embodiment of the invention according to claim 3. As shown in Table 1, the ventilation resistance value is further improved by 2%, and according to such an embodiment, the intended purpose can be further achieved. .
[0020]
In each of the above embodiments, the present invention is applied to a metal catalytic converter. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to a ceramic catalytic converter.
In each of the above embodiments, the outer cylinder 3 for mounting the metal catalyst carrier 1 is formed in a circular cross section. However, when the metal catalyst carrier and the outer cylinder for mounting the metal catalyst carrier have a so-called substantially track shape, for example, What is necessary is just to shape | mold the short axis radial direction and long axis radial direction of the expansion part of the diffuser with which it attaches to the nozzle shape which an internal diameter gradually expands in an involute curve shape which differs along an axial direction, respectively .
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the catalytic converter according to each claim, it is possible to reduce the size and improve the vehicle mountability as compared with the conventional one, and the ventilation resistance value does not increase with the size reduction.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a catalytic converter according to an embodiment of claims 1 and 2. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a diffuser formed with an involute curve shape.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a diffuser formed in a tapered shape that is shorter than that of a conventional one.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a diffuser formed with a sin curve.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a conventional catalytic converter.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal catalyst carrier 3 Outer cylinder 11, 12, 19, 21 Diffuser 11a, 12a Expansion part 17 Catalytic converter

Claims (3)

排気管接続部(13,14)から外筒接続部(15,16)へ漸次拡開する拡開部(11a,12a)が形成されたディフューザ(11,12)を、外筒(3)の排ガス流入側と排ガス流出側に装着した車両排気系の触媒コンバータに於て、
排ガス流入側のディフューザ(11)の拡開部(11a)を、内径が軸方向に沿ってインボリュート曲線形状に漸次拡大するノズル形状としたことを特徴とする車両排気系の触媒コンバータ。
The diffuser (11, 12) formed with the expanded portion (11a, 12a) gradually expanding from the exhaust pipe connecting portion (13, 14) to the outer tube connecting portion (15, 16) is connected to the outer tube (3). In a vehicle exhaust system catalytic converter mounted on the exhaust gas inflow side and exhaust gas outflow side,
A catalyst converter for a vehicle exhaust system, wherein the diffuser (11a) of the diffuser (11) on the exhaust gas inflow side has a nozzle shape whose inner diameter gradually increases in an involute curve shape along the axial direction .
排ガス流出側のディフューザ(12)の拡開部(12a)を、内径が軸方向に沿ってインボリュート曲線形状に漸次拡大するノズル形状としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車両排気系の触媒コンバータ。2. The vehicle exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the diffuser (12 a) of the diffuser (12) on the exhaust gas outlet side has a nozzle shape in which an inner diameter gradually increases in an involute curve shape along the axial direction . Catalytic converter. 排ガス流出側のディフューザの拡開部を、内径が軸方向に沿ってテーパ状に漸次拡大するノズル形状としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の車両排気系の触媒コンバータ。2. The vehicle exhaust system catalytic converter according to claim 1 , wherein the expanded portion of the diffuser on the exhaust gas outlet side has a nozzle shape whose inner diameter gradually increases in a taper shape along the axial direction .
JP22390696A 1996-08-26 1996-08-26 Catalytic converter for vehicle exhaust system Expired - Fee Related JP3640742B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP22390696A JP3640742B2 (en) 1996-08-26 1996-08-26 Catalytic converter for vehicle exhaust system

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JP22390696A JP3640742B2 (en) 1996-08-26 1996-08-26 Catalytic converter for vehicle exhaust system

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KR20030096991A (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-31 현대모비스 주식회사 Device for uniform flow
JP2009062875A (en) * 2007-09-06 2009-03-26 Hino Motors Ltd Exhaust emission control device
NL2007439A (en) 2010-10-19 2012-04-23 Asml Netherlands Bv Gas manifold, module for a lithographic apparatus, lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method.
CN102748115A (en) * 2012-06-13 2012-10-24 东风朝阳朝柴动力有限公司 Large arc diffuser

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JPH0678722B2 (en) * 1986-08-08 1994-10-05 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Rotor structure of a tarpaulin
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