JP3639401B2 - Air conditioner outdoor unit - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, and more particularly to a technique for realizing downsizing of the apparatus and improvement of heat exchange performance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as an air conditioner used for air conditioning and heating in large stores and gymnasiums, many indoor units have been added to large-capacity outdoor units in order to simplify equipment configuration and temperature / humidity control and reduce manufacturing costs. A large space type connected to each other is often used. In this type of air conditioner, a plurality of relatively large compressors are built in one outdoor unit, and each indoor unit is controlled by controlling the number of operating compressors and the amount of air blown by an electric fan. An appropriate amount of liquid refrigerant or gas refrigerant is supplied.
[0003]
In the large space type air conditioner, considering the case where all the compressors are operated, a large capacity heat exchanger is required on the outdoor unit side. Therefore, in many cases, except for the outer plate for inspection and maintenance (detachable decorative panel), the entire outside surface of the outdoor unit is used as a heat exchange surface so that heat exchange according to the maximum capacity of the outdoor unit can be performed. The heat exchanger is generally divided into a plurality of pieces (for example, three pieces on the left and right sides and the center) in order to facilitate manufacturing and assembling operations.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the outdoor unit of the large space type air conditioner described above, it is inevitable that the apparatus becomes large and heavy by increasing the capacity of the heat exchanger. In other words, even if the volume required by the compressor or the electric fan is small, the outline of the apparatus becomes large for the purpose of securing a heat exchange area, and a large substrate or top plate must be used. As a result, it becomes difficult to transport the outdoor unit and install it on the rooftop or site of the building, and the cost of the entire apparatus naturally increases. The outdoor unit is provided with a service port for exchange of gas refrigerant or liquid refrigerant. However, this mounting part also affects the size of the outdoor unit, and if this is protruded greatly from the outer plate, There was also a problem that piping connection work became difficult.
[0005]
This invention is made | formed in view of the said condition, and it is providing the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which implement | achieved size reduction of an apparatus and the improvement of heat exchange performance.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in the first aspect of the present invention, the flat plate first outdoor heat exchanger provided in the center of the back surface and the vicinity of the pair of left and right front support pillars provided on each of the left and right sides of the first outdoor heat exchanger. A substantially U-shaped second outdoor heat exchanger continuous with the outer plate supported by the pair of left and right front support pillars to form a unit outer surface, and a side end portion of the second heat exchanger It was provided with a guide for guiding the outside air from the unit outer surface in the vicinity bent inwardly by extending Rutotomoni, the extended portion of the second heat exchanger to the outer plate of the front support pillar We propose an outdoor unit of an air conditioner characterized by this.
[0007]
According to the present invention, the heat exchanger can be enlarged without changing the external dimensions of the outdoor unit, and both downsizing of the apparatus and improvement of the heat exchange performance can be realized.
[0009]
Moreover, according to this invention, by being guided by the guide, the outside air sucked by the electric fan can easily pass through the extended portion of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
[0010]
The invention of claim 2 proposes the invention of claim 1, wherein a service valve is disposed in a space between the extended portion of the heat exchanger and the guide.
[0011]
According to this invention, in addition to the operation of the invention of claim 1 , the service valve does not protrude from the outer surface of the unit, and the operation of connecting the refrigerant pipes becomes easy.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner composed of one outdoor unit 1 and a large number of indoor units 2. In the figure, a solid line indicates a refrigerant circuit, and an alternate long and short dash line indicates an electric circuit. is there.
[0013]
On the outdoor unit 1 side, first to third compressors 3 to 5, an electromagnetic four-way valve 6, a flow regulator 7 and a liquid line valve 8 are attached to first to third outdoor heat exchangers 9 to 9. 11, first to third electric fans 12 to 14, an accumulator 15 and the like are installed. An electric expansion valve 31, an indoor heat exchanger 32, an electric fan 33, and the like are installed on the indoor unit 2 side. And the apparatus which comprises an outdoor unit and an indoor unit is connected by the refrigerant | coolant piping 41-65 used for the distribution | circulation of a gas refrigerant or a liquid refrigerant. In the figure, 66 is an oil equalizing pipe that communicates the oil pans of the first to third outdoor heat exchangers 9 to 11, and 67 and 68 are refrigerant pipes 53 and 58 on the outdoor unit 1 side and the indoor unit 2 side. This is a service valve provided for connection to the refrigerant pipes 54 and 57.
[0014]
In the case of the present embodiment, each of the first to third compressors 3 to 5 is a scroll type constant speed compressor having a capacity of 10 horsepower, and an oil separator 21 is attached to each. Of the first to third electric fans 12 to 14, the first and third electric fans 12 and 14 are constant-speed types having a three-phase motor, but the second electric fan has a single-phase motor. Variable speed type. In FIG. 1, 22 is a manual refrigerant shut-off valve interposed between the four-way valve 6 and the outdoor heat exchangers 7 to 9, and 23 prevents backflow of liquid refrigerant to the compressors 3 to 5. This is a check valve. Reference numerals 24 and 25 denote first and second liquid valves for cooling the compressor. Reference numeral 26 denotes a low pressure switch disposed downstream of the accumulator 15, and 27 denotes a high pressure switch disposed downstream of the compressors 3 to 5.
[0015]
In the outdoor unit 1, an outdoor control unit (hereinafter referred to as an outdoor ECU) 71 including a CPU, an input / output interface, a ROM, a RAM, and the like is installed. The outdoor ECU 71 controls the compressors 3 to 5, the four-way valve 9, the electric fans 12 to 14, and the like based on the built-in control program and input information from various sensors such as the low pressure switch 26 and the high pressure switch 27. Drive control.
[0016]
On the other hand, in the indoor unit 2, an indoor control unit (hereinafter referred to as an indoor ECU) 72 including a CPU, an input / output interface, a ROM, a RAM, and the like is installed. The indoor-side ECU 72 performs drive control of the electric expansion valve 21 and the electric fan 25 based on a built-in control program, input signals from a remote controller (not shown), various sensors, and the like, and transmits signals to and from the outdoor-side ECU 71. Give and receive.
[0017]
Next, the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation will be described.
[0018]
The gas refrigerant sucked into the first to third compressors 3 to 5 via the refrigerant pipes 60 to 63 from the accumulator 15 is discharged as a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant by adiabatic compression. The discharged high-pressure gas refrigerant is routed by the four-way valve 9 via the refrigerant pipes 41 to 44, and then the first to third outdoor heat exchangers 9 to 11 via the refrigerant pipes 46 to 49. Flow into. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is cooled by the outside air while passing through the outdoor heat exchangers 9 to 11, becomes a liquid refrigerant by condensing, and then passes through the refrigerant pipes 50 to 55 to each indoor unit 2. Into the electric expansion valve 31.
[0019]
At this time, the outdoor ECU 71 appropriately drives and controls the first to third compressors 3 to 5 and the first to third electric fans 12 to 14 according to the required horsepower and the like. When any of the first to third compressors 3 to 5 is overheated, the first and second liquid valves 24 and 25 are appropriately opened, and the first to third compressors 64 and 65 are connected to the first to third compressors. Cooling liquid refrigerant is supplied to the compressors 3 to 5. When the air-conditioning operation is not performed, the outdoor ECU 71 closes the liquid line valve 8 to prevent the refrigerant from stagnation (condensation) in the compressors 3 to 5 and the outdoor heat exchangers 9 to 11. To do.
[0020]
After the flow rate is controlled by the electric expansion valve 31, the liquid refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 32 and is vaporized while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 32 to become a gas refrigerant. The electric fan 33 is caused by the latent heat of vaporization. Cool the blown room air. At this time, the indoor side ECU 72 controls the rotational speed of the electric fan 33 based on the deviation between the set temperature and the room temperature, and the deviation between the inlet side refrigerant temperature and the outlet side refrigerant temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 23 is a predetermined value ( For example, the valve opening amount of the electric expansion valve 21 (the number of steps of the valve body driving step motor) is controlled to be 0 to 1 ° C.
[0021]
The gas refrigerant vaporized in the indoor heat exchanger 32 flows into the accumulator 15 via the refrigerant pipes 56 to 58, the four-way valve 6 and the refrigerant pipe 59, and again from the refrigerant pipes 60 to 63 to the first to third compressors 3 again. Aspirate to ~ 5.
[0022]
On the other hand, during the heating operation, the four-way valve 6 is switched as indicated by a broken line, and the refrigerant flow is reversed from that during the cooling operation as indicated by the broken arrow. That is, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the first to third compressors 3 to 5 is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 32 and then condensed while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 32 to be a liquid refrigerant. Thus, the indoor air blown by the electric fan 33 is heated by the condensation latent heat. Next, the liquid refrigerant flows into the first to third outdoor heat exchangers 9 to 11, is heated by the outside air while passing through the inside thereof, and becomes a gas refrigerant by being vaporized, and then from the accumulator 15. 1 to 3rd compressors 3 to 5 are sucked again.
[0023]
Hereinafter, the structure of the outdoor unit 1 will be described.
[0024]
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the outdoor unit 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view thereof. As shown in these drawings, the outdoor unit 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped appearance, and between the substrate 81 and the top plate 82, the outdoor heat exchangers 9 to 11 (in FIG. 1, only the second outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 11 are shown) and a detachable decorative panel (outer plate) 83 is provided. In the figure, 84 is a suction grill that protects the heat exchangers 9 to 11. The top plate 81 has three circular outlets 85 formed at equal intervals, and concentric outlet grills 86 are attached to these outlets 85. Then, after the outside air flows into the outdoor unit 1 from the entire outer surface excluding the decorative panel 83 as shown in FIG. 2, it is discharged from each outlet 85 as shown in FIG. In the drawing, reference numerals 87 denote end support pillars disposed at the four corners of the outdoor unit 1.
[0025]
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the outdoor unit 1 with the top plate 82 removed, and FIG. 5 shows a state in which the front panel of the first and second outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 11 is cut out while the decorative panel 83 is removed. 2 is a front view of the outdoor unit 1. FIG. As shown in these drawings, the first to third compressors 3 to 5 are placed in the central portion of the substrate 81, and the first to third electric fans 12 to 14 are disposed below the outlets 85. Has been. Further, the outdoor unit 1 is provided with an electrical box 91 in which the outdoor ECU 71 and the like are housed in the center of the front surface, and various switches and the like can be accessed by removing the decorative panel 83. In the figure, 92 and 93 are a pair of left and right front support pillars (outer plates) used for supporting the decorative panel 83 and the electrical equipment box 91, and are joined to the substrate 81 and the top plate 82.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 4, a flat second outdoor heat exchanger 10 is arranged at the center of the back surface of the outdoor unit 1, and the front support pillars 92 and 93 are arranged from the left and right ends of the second outdoor heat exchanger 10. The substantially U-shaped first and third outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 11 are arranged so as to be continuous in the vicinity of. In the case of the present embodiment, the first and third outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 11 are bent at a right angle toward the rear in the vicinity of the front support pillars 92 and 93 and extended inward of the outdoor unit 1. An extending portion 94 is provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3), the outer end portions of both front support pillars 92 and 93 are bent rearward and are then attached to the end of the extension portion 94. The guide part 95 is formed by inclining toward it.
[0027]
Thereby, although the physique of the outdoor unit 1 was comparatively small, the area of the 1st, 3rd outdoor heat exchangers 9 and 11 was able to be enlarged enough. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the outside air sucked into the outdoor unit 1 passes through a space 96 formed between the guide unit 95 and the first and third outdoor heat exchangers 9, Thus, the heat transfer efficiency can be maintained. 4 and 5, 97 is a first connecting plate interposed between the first outdoor heat exchanger 9 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 10, and 98 is the second outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 10. 3 is a second connecting plate interposed between the three outdoor heat exchangers 11.
[0028]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7 (enlarged view of part B in FIG. 5) and FIG. 8 (viewed from arrow C in FIG. 7), the left front support pillar 92 and the first outdoor heat exchanger 9 are extended. The service valves 67 and 68 described above are disposed in the space between the unit 94. This improves the connection workability between the refrigerant pipes 53, 58 on the outdoor unit 1 side and the refrigerant pipes 54, 57 on the indoor unit 2 side, and also makes effective use of the space in the unit. The protruding amount of the piping is reduced, and the outdoor unit 1 can be easily installed. In the present embodiment, since both service valves 67 and 68 are screwed to the side surface of the left front support pillar 92, brackets dedicated to the service valve are not required.
[0029]
Next, the compressor cover in this embodiment will be described.
[0030]
9 is a side view of a compressor cover that covers the tops of the first to third compressors 3 to 5, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the compressor cover, and FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the compressor cover. It is. As shown in these drawings, the compressor cover 101 is formed on the back surface of the electrical box 91 described above, and the left and right covers 103 and 104 screwed to the cover stay 102 on the back surface of the electrical box 91, and the substrate 81. The rear cover 105 is erected from the left and right covers 103 and 104 and screwed to the left and right covers 103 and 104.
[0031]
The left and right covers 103 and 104 are coupled in a manner that they are abutted from the left and right, constitute a box-shaped cover together with the electrical box 91, and have an upper surface inclined so that raindrops and the like can easily flow backward. Moreover, the electrical equipment box 91 and the left and right covers 103 and 104 have lower ends at substantially the same position in the vertical direction, and raindrops, dust, and the like are placed on top of the first to third compressors 3 to 5 where electrical connectors are arranged. Protect from enough. The rear cover 105 surrounds the second compressor 4 disposed relatively rearward and supports the left and right covers 103 and 104 together with the electrical equipment box 91.
[0032]
Thus, in the compressor cover 101 of this embodiment, since the front surface was formed with the electrical equipment box 91, the increase in the number of parts could be suppressed and sufficient rigidity was ensured. Moreover, since only the upper part of the 1st-3rd compressors 3-5 was covered, while access to piping (not shown) etc. became easy, weight reduction was also realizable.
[0033]
FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing how the second connecting plate 98 is attached. As shown in this figure, the second connecting plate 98 is fastened to the substrate 81, the top plate 82 and the suction grill 84 via screws 111. In the present embodiment, the right end portion of the third outdoor heat exchanger 11 protrudes from the suction grille 84 at the attachment site of the second connection plate 98, and the second connection plate 98 is covered on the outside thereof. The second connecting plate 98 includes left and right panel portions 112 and 113 whose end portions wrap around the left and right suction grills 84 and pillar portions 114 that are bent in a U-shape toward the inside. A large number of ventilation holes 115 are formed on the left side surface.
[0034]
Thus, in this embodiment, since the 2nd connection board 98 was fastened with the screw 111, compared with what employ | adopted welding joining, rivet joining, etc., it became possible to perform the attachment or detachment very easily. . In addition, since the pillar portion 114 is formed on the second connecting plate 98, the rigidity of the second connecting plate 98 itself is improved, and the substrate 81 and the top plate 82 are also strongly coupled. Further, since a large number of ventilation holes 115 are formed in the pillar portion 114, the outside air is sufficiently introduced into the right end portion of the third outdoor heat exchanger 11 covered with the second connecting plate 98 as shown in FIG. It was possible to prevent a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. Although not shown, the first connecting plate 97 is substantially the same in shape and mounting manner as the second connecting plate 98.
[0035]
14 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the substrate 81 and the first to third compressors 3 to 5 on the substrate 81, and FIG. 15 is an enlarged DD cross-sectional view in FIG. As shown in these drawings, a pair of front and rear side stiffeners 121 and 122 are disposed on the lower surface of the substrate 81, and four cross stiffeners 123 to 126 for connecting the side stiffeners 121 and 122 are provided in the left-right direction. It is arranged. The side stiffeners 121 and 122 and the cross stiffeners 123 to 126 are each formed by forming a steel plate thicker than the substrate 81 into a U-shaped cross section, and are fixed to the substrate 81 by fillet welding or the like. The first to third compressors 3 to 5 are mounted on the substrate 81 via four legs 131, and at least two of the legs 131 are on the side stiffeners 121 and 122 or the cross stiffeners 123 to 126. It is in. In the figure, reference numeral 132 denotes an anti-vibration rubber, and 133 denotes a bolt.
[0036]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the side stiffeners 121 and 122 and the cross stiffeners 123 to 126 are provided on the lower surface of the substrate 81, so that the rigidity and strength of the substrate become extremely high, and the outdoor unit 1 caused by an external force. Vibrations and damages are less likely to occur. The compressors 3 to 5 are reliably supported with respect to the substrate 81 by the legs 131 being arranged on the side stiffeners 121 and 122 or the cross stiffeners 123 to 126, and vibrations during operation are well suppressed. It came to be able to.
[0037]
This is the end of the description of the specific embodiment, but the aspect of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to an outdoor unit having three compressors and three heat exchangers. However, the present invention is independent of the number of compressors and the number of heat exchangers. Applicable. In addition, the shape and mounting mode of each member can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, an outdoor unit of an air conditioner having a heat exchanger that forms a unit outer surface together with an outer plate, the heat exchanger near a connection site with the outer plate. Since the side end of the unit extends inward from the outer surface of the unit, the heat exchanger can be enlarged without changing the external dimensions of the outdoor unit, and the apparatus can be downsized and the heat exchange performance can be improved. Can be realized together.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an outdoor unit.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing an embodiment of an outdoor unit.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the outdoor unit with the top plate 82 removed.
FIG. 5 is a front view of the outdoor unit with a decorative panel removed.
6 is an enlarged AA cross-sectional view in FIG. 3. FIG.
7 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow C in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a side view of a compressor cover that covers the top of the first to third compressors.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the compressor cover.
FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the compressor cover.
FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing an attachment mode of the second connecting plate.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the second connecting plate.
FIG. 14 is a plan view showing the substrate and the arrangement of the compressor on the substrate.
15 is an enlarged DD cross-sectional view in FIG. 14;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 outdoor units 3 to 5 first to third compressors 9 to 11 first to third outdoor heat exchangers 67 and 68 service valve 81 substrate 82 top plate 83 decorative panel 92 and 93 front support pillar 94 extending portion 95 Guide part 96 Space 97, 98 First and second connecting plate 101 Compressor covers 121, 122 Side stiffeners 123-126 Cross stiffener

Claims (2)

A substantially U-shaped first outdoor heat exchanger provided in the center of the back surface and a substantially U-shaped first continuous heat exchanger provided on each of the left and right sides of the first outdoor heat exchanger and adjacent to the pair of left and right front support pillars. A unit outer surface is formed by the two outdoor heat exchangers and the outer plate supported by the pair of left and right front support pillars ,
It said second Rutotomoni side edges of the heat exchanger is extended by bending inwardly from the unit outer surface in the vicinity of the front support pillars,
An outdoor unit for an air conditioner, characterized in that a guide for guiding outside air is provided on an extended portion of the second heat exchanger on the outer plate . The outdoor unit of an air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a service valve is disposed in a space between the extended portion of the second heat exchanger and the guide .

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