JP3635413B2 - Lock structure for explosion-release door - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention is an explosive pressure dissipating method in a container in which a solvent or a granular material may explode due to static sparks or the like, for example, a fluidized bed processing apparatus such as a fluidized bed dryer or a fluidized bed granulator dryer, or an air dryer. It is related to doors, especially when it is opened automatically due to the pressure at the time of explosion, and the internal air is released immediately, and it keeps hermeticity for the pressure rise in the range that does not hinder normal processing operations. The present invention relates to a lock structure in an explosive pressure release door that can be used.
[0002]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventionally, fluidized bed processing apparatuses and air dryers have been provided with explosive pressure spreading doors. These apparatuses coat the solute on the granular material while drying the wet powder charged in the raw material container or spraying an appropriate solution on the granular material charged in the raw material container. In such an apparatus, the processed powder particles are mainly foods such as starch and lactose, pharmaceuticals, or organic substances such as organic pigments, and dust explosion and explosion due to evaporated solvent gas are likely to occur. For this reason, if the wind pressure in the container is not missed during an explosion, there is a risk that the device will be destroyed and the operator may be injured, and in some cases a fire may be caused. Is provided. Of course, this explosive pressure release door is naturally required to be opened instantly at the time of the explosion in the container, but when the pressure inside the container does not reach the explosion, it is required to be sealed and not to cause powder leakage. The
[0003]
As a conventional explosive pressure release door, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, a door body 5 ′ pivotally connected to the upper portion of the raw material container is hinged, and a latch 6 using a cam C biased by a spring S is used. There is something to conclude with ′.
When an explosion occurs in the raw material container, the door body 5 'tends to be pushed upward by the wind pressure, and when the set pressure is reached, the cam C is detached from the roller W which is a cam receiving member and the door body 5'. Is opened, and the explosion inside the material container is dissipated to the outside to avoid the destruction of the device.
[0004]
However, this explosive pressure release door has a long operating distance until the cam C is disengaged from the roller W, and this causes the following problems.
That is, there is no problem when the cam C is detached from the roller W at a stroke due to the explosion pressure at the time of explosion, and the door body 5 'is opened, but when the pressure is applied even during normal raw material processing, the cam C is moved to the roller W. The door body 5 ′ is lifted against the urging force of the spring S, and so-called powder leakage or the like occurs from this gap, although it does not reach the point where it comes off. Further, since the urging force of the spring S changes with the passage of the month and day, the operating pressure is not stable, and the change in the set pressure has to be always noticed.
[0005]
In addition to the latch that uses a cam biased by a spring as described above, there is a ball catch type that uses a spring S, but this also uses a spring, so that the door body is used during normal raw material processing. May float and cause powder leakage.
There is also a method of locking by inserting a bolt (shear pin) between the door body and the container-side fixing member, but this means that the operator tries to open and close the explosion-dissipating door by internal inspection etc. Sometimes it takes time and effort to remove bolts.
[0006]
[Technical items for which development was attempted]
The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and can suppress the lifting of the explosive pressure release door when the internal pressure of the container fluctuates within an allowable range, and the operating pressure is stable. Is an attempt to develop a lock structure for a new explosive pressure release door that operates instantly when the set pressure is reached.
[0007]
[Structure of the invention]
[Means for achieving the objectives]
That is, the lock structure for the explosion pressure release door according to claim 1 is a member for releasing the explosion pressure provided in a container that may explode inside, a door body that is provided in the container so as to be opened and closed, and the door. a latch having a hook link for locking the body, comprising a鉤受piece hook link is engaged in the latch, and the latch is obtained by applying the toggle mechanism having a snap-action link mechanism,
The latch has a relay adjustment link pivotally connected to the latch bracket by a relay adjustment link fixing pin, the hook link pivotally connected to the latch bracket by a hook link fixing pin, and an operation link movement. An operation link pivotally connected to the relay adjustment link by a part pin and pivotally connected to the collar link by a snap action pin;
The snap action link mechanism is formed by the operation link and the saddle link, and the door body is changed by changing an interval between the operation link moving part pin and the saddle link fixing part pin of the snap action link mechanism. It is characterized in that the suppression of the movement in the opening direction is adjustable .
[0008]
Further, in addition to the above requirements, the lock structure for the explosive pressure release door according to claim 2 may include the relay adjustment in changing the interval between the operation link moving part pin of the snap action link mechanism and the saddle link fixing part pin. The position of the operation link moving unit pin is moved by changing the angle of the link connected to the latch bracket by rotating the link adjusting link fixing unit pin as a center. It is characterized by changing the interval of .
[0009]
Furthermore, in addition to the above requirements, the lock structure of the explosion pressure release door according to claim 3 is characterized in that the latch is provided in the door body and the hook receiving piece is provided in the container.
These objects are intended to achieve the above object.
[0010]
[Effects of the Invention]
When pressure that does not reach the pressure at the time of explosion is applied to the door body, the door body does not open or only rises slightly in order to prevent the snap action link mechanism of the toggle mechanism from opening. is there. The slight gap is within a range in which the hermeticity of the inside of the container can be maintained if, for example, a stretchable seal body is provided here, so that contents (powder etc.) do not leak out.
[0011]
If an explosion occurs in the container and this pressure is applied to the door body, the latch cannot suppress the opening of the door body by its toggle mechanism, and the door body opens and the explosion in the container is released at once. The Note that the opening of the door body due to the set pressure operates very accurately because it is a link mechanism as compared with a latch applied with a spring or the like.
[0012]
Also, by shortening the distance between the operation link moving part pin and the heel link fixing part pin of the snap action link mechanism, the movement of the door body in the opening direction can be more strongly suppressed, and conversely the operation of the snap action link mechanism By making the space | interval of a link moving part pin and a collar link fixing | fixed part pin longer, the motion to the opening direction of a door body can be suppressed more weakly.
[0013]
In addition, when the fastening member is manually operated for inspection or the like inside the container to be locked or unlocked, the fastening member is made of a toggle mechanism, so that it can be performed with an easy force.
【Example】
[0014]
Hereinafter, a case where the fluidized bed processing apparatus 1 is applied as a container to which the explosion pressure release door of the present invention is attached will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.
First, the fluidized bed processing apparatus 1 will be schematically described. This is a unit for drying or granulating a granular material in a cylindrical container 11 having a large diameter upward as shown in FIG. The hot air supply chamber 2 is formed in the lower stage, the flow chamber 3 in the middle stage, and the exhaust chamber 4 in the upper stage.
[0015]
The hot air supply chamber 2 is a portion for supplying hot air for flow to the flow chamber 3, and a hot air supply port 21 connected to a hot air supply device (not shown) is formed on the lower side surface thereof.
[0016]
A counter plate 22 having a plurality of vent holes is provided at the boundary between the hot air supply chamber 2 and the fluid chamber 3. The eye plate 22 is for regulating the amount and direction of hot air sent from the hot air supply chamber 2 into the fluid chamber 3.
[0017]
Next, the fluidizing chamber 3 is a portion where the raw material is floated by hot air and is substantially dried, and a raw material hopper 31 is provided at the upper part of the fluidizing chamber 3, from which the raw material for performing the drying treatment is charged. Further, a discharge duct 32 is provided at the lower part of the fluid chamber 3, and the dried product is discharged from here.
When granulation or coating treatment is performed, one or a plurality of nozzles for spraying the binder liquid or coating liquid onto the flowing powder are provided in the substantially central portion of the fluid chamber 3.
[0018]
The exhaust chamber 4 is a part for exhausting the air supplied from the hot air supply chamber 2 to the flow chamber 3 side, and a bag filter 41 is provided therein, and the air supplied from the flow chamber 3 side is It passes through the bag filter 41 and is exhausted from an exhaust duct 42 provided on the side wall.
The configuration described above is common to this normal fluidized bed processing apparatus, and there is no particular change.
[0019]
Next, the explosion pressure diffusion door A according to the present invention will be described. This explosion pressure release door A is provided on the ceiling of the container 11 as an example, and when the solvent vapor or powder inside the container 11 explodes, the explosion is quickly exhausted upward outside the apparatus. Relieve pressure. Specifically, a rectangular explosive pressure prevention port 43 is formed, and an explosive pressure releasing door A is provided here.
This explosive pressure releasing door A has a door body 5 that is pivotably attached by a hinge 51, a latch 6 that is a lock member provided on the free end side of the door body 5, and a hook that is a hook receiving of the latch 6. It consists of a receiving piece 7.
[0020]
More specifically, the latch 6 includes a toggle mechanism that is one of the boost link mechanisms having the snap action link mechanism R. A specific configuration will be described. First, a latch bracket 61 is provided on the free end side of the door body 5. A relay adjustment link 62 composed of a pair of link plates is pivotally connected to the upper portion of the latch bracket 61 by a relay adjustment link fixing portion pin P ₁ at its lower end. And the upper end of the relay adjusting link 62, the operation link 63 capable of performing lock / release of the latch 6 manually is rotatably connected to the operating link mobile unit pin P _2. Further, the relay adjustment link 62 holds the bolt 65 that presses the door body 5 via the latch bracket 61 by tightening it with a nut 66, and adjusts the protruding length D of the bolt 65 by changing the position of the nut 66. Thus, the operating pressure at which the latch 6 is released is set.
Also slightly below the position of the door 5 the free end side of the relay adjustment link fixing portion pin P ₁ of the latch bracket 61, the hook link 64 comprising a pair of link plates having an end portion of the hook portion 64a, a hook link fixed A part pin P _{4 is} pivotally connected.
The collar link 64 and the operation link 63 are rotatably connected by a snap action pin P ₃ . The snap action pin P ₃ is located approximately in the middle between the heel link fixing portion pin P ₄ and the operation link moving portion pin P ₂ . Because of this, a link including _{two of} the operation link moving part pin P ₂ , the snap action pin P _3, and the heel link fixing part pin P ₄ , specifically, the operation link 63 and the heel link 64. A link mechanism formed by the above is defined as a snap action link mechanism R.
[0021]
On the other hand, the flange receiving piece 7 corresponding to the flange portion 64 a of the flange link 64 is provided on the side edge of the explosion pressure prevention opening 43. In short, the hook receiving piece 7 suffices if the hook link 64 is hooked. In the present embodiment, the hook receiving piece 7 is framed as an example.
[0022]
As described above, the latch 6 has a four-section toggle mechanism including the relay adjustment link fixing portion pin P ₁ , the operation link moving portion pin P ₂ , the snap action pin P _3, and the saddle link fixing portion pin P _4. It is configured. And in a state where the hook portion 64a of the hook links 64 door body 5 is caught in鉤受piece 7 is closed, the operating link 63 is parallel to the door 5, an operating link mobile unit pin P ₂ is a pivot point The line segment connecting the snap action pin P ₃ and the heel link fixing portion pin P ₄ is slightly bent from the straight line, and the snap action pin P ₃ is connected to the operation link moving portion pin P ₂ and the heel link fixing portion pin P ₄ . It is located slightly below the line segment that connects Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 9 as an example in this embodiment, the snap action pin P ₃ is configured to be positioned 1 mm below the line segment connecting the operation link moving part pin P ₂ and the heel link fixing part pin P _4. ing.
Then the locked state of the latch 6 as described above that is located below the line segment Snap Action pin P ₃ is connecting the operating link mobile unit pin P ₂ and hook link fixing portion pin P _4, a snap action pin P ₃ The lock is released when the state exceeds the line connecting the operation link moving part pin P ₂ and the heel link fixing part pin P ₄ .
Reference numeral 8 denotes a sealing body having an appropriate elasticity that closes a gap generated between the container 11 and the door body 5 and is crushed and contracted when the door body 5 is closed.
[0023]
The above is the structure of the lock structure of the explosion pressure release door according to the present invention, and the operation state thereof will be described.
i) Initial state First, when the lock state is described as the initial state, this is the state already described in the above configuration and shown in FIG. 9, and is hooked on the hook receiving piece 7 so that the hook part 64a of the hook link 64 is pushed up from below. The operation link 63 is substantially parallel to the door body 5. The snap action link mechanism R is bent downward.
[0024]
ii) Manual release Next, when the lock of the latch 6 is manually released by, for example, checking the inside of the container 11, the operation link 63 is rotated upward and lifted. At this time, the snap action pin P ₃ moves to the upper right, and is arranged on the line segment connecting the operation link moving part pin P ₂ and the heel link fixing part pin P ₄ and then crosses (see FIG. 11). On the other hand, the heel link 64 also rotates along with this, and the heel portion 64a turns downward to be detached from the heel receiving piece 7. This manual operation can be canceled with a very light force because it is a booster mechanism from the operation link 63 side.
In order to lock from this released state, the operation link 63 is rotated downward and pushed down with the door body 5 closed. Then, the hook link 64 is also rotated and hooked so that the hook part 64a is pushed up to the hook receiving piece 7 from below, and is locked.
[0025]
iii) When the internal pressure fluctuates For example, when a backwash pulse is applied to clean the bag filter 41 during raw material processing in the fluidized bed processing apparatus 1, pressure in the upward opening direction is applied to the door body 5. At such a pressure, the door body 5 is not opened or only slightly lifted (about 1 mm) because the snap action link mechanism R of the toggle mechanism is restrained from opening. A very small gap is filled by the expansion (restoration) of the seal body 8. Therefore, powder or the like being processed in the container 11 does not leak from the gap of the explosion pressure diffusion door A.
[0026]
iv) At the time of explosion in the container and in the event of an explosion in the container 11, a pressure exceeding the set pressure is applied to the explosive pressure release door A, and the hook link 64 of the latch 6 is hooked on the hook receiving piece 7, The door body 5 rotates upward while being prevented from being opened by the snap action link mechanism R of the toggle mechanism.
At this time the latch 6 is stopped so as not to move upward hook link 64 by鉤受piece 7, a snap action pin P ₃ as shown in Figure 10 moves to the upper right, operates the operating link 63 The heel link 64 rotates clockwise around the heel link fixing portion pin P ₄ while being lifted by rotating upward about the link moving portion pin P ₂ . When the snap action pin P ₃ exceeds the line connecting the operation link moving part pin P ₂ and the saddle link fixing part pin P ₄ , the door body 5 is not restrained, and the door body 5 is released at once by the blast. The explosion is discharged outside the container 11.
[0027]
By adjusting the protrusion length D of the bolt 65 protruding below the relay adjustment link 62, the operation link moving part pin P ₂ and the heel link fixing part pin P ₄ forming the snap action link mechanism R And the set pressure at which the door 5 is opened can be adjusted. That is, by lengthening the projection length D of the bolt 65, the distance between the snap action linkage bending angle of R is more an acute angle manipulation link mobile unit pin P ₂ and hook link fixing portion pin P ₄ is shortened, The movement of the door body 5 in the opening direction can be more strongly suppressed.
By shortening the projection length D of the bolt 65 on the opposite, the interval between the snap action link mechanism operating link mobile unit bending angle becomes more loosely the R pins P ₂ and hook link fixing portion pin P ₄ becomes long, The movement of the door body 5 in the opening direction can be suppressed more weakly. Needless to say, as the member for holding the relay adjustment link 62, in addition to the bolt 65, other appropriate members capable of adjusting the height of the relay adjustment link 62 can be substituted.
[0028]
Although the embodiment of the lock structure in the explosion pressure release door A of the present invention has been described above, other appropriate modifications can be made. For example, the attachment position of the latch 6 as a fastening member is set in the door body 5 in the above embodiment. Although provided at the free end, it can also be provided at the side of the door 5 as shown in FIG.
[0029]
Alternatively, the hook receiving piece 7 of the latch may be provided on the door body 5 and the hook link 64 may be provided on the container 11 main body side. As an example, FIG. 13 shows that the action direction of the saddle link 64 of the latch 6 shown in the basic embodiment is set upside down, and the latch 6 is provided on the container 11 side and the saddle receiving piece 7 is provided on the door body 5 side. This is an example.
[0030]
Furthermore, one side of the door body 5 is fixed to the container 11 by the hinge 51. However, when the door body 5 is opened and closed, the latch 6 is attached to two opposite sides of the door body 5, and an explosion occurs. Alternatively, the latch 6 can be released and the door 5 can be blown away.
In addition to fluidized bed treatment devices such as fluidized bed dryers and fluidized bed granulation dryers and air flow dryers, the present invention can be applied to dust and solvent gases such as spray dryers, sludge dryers, dust collection containers, and poppers. For example, a container for storing a product that generates the above-described problem may be used.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has a configuration as described above, and even if an explosion occurs in the container 11, the explosive pressure release door A opens instantly and escapes the explosive gas in the container 11. , Workers working in the vicinity will not be injured.
[0032]
Further, when performing processing such as granulating powder in the container 11, the door body 5 is kept in a small amount by being lifted, so that the powder as a raw material is kept in the gap between the door bodies 5. There is no such thing as leaking out.
[0033]
Further, the opening set pressure of the door body 5 can be adjusted steplessly, and since the coil spring or the like is not used, the operating pressure is stable and accurate.
[0034]
Further, when the operation link 63 side of the latch 6 is operated for unlocking or closing by checking the inside of the container 11 or the like, the latch 6 serving as a lock member is formed of a toggle mechanism, so that the operation can be performed with ease.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a fluidized bed processing apparatus in which a lock structure of the present invention is applied to an explosion pressure release door.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the above.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical side view showing the vicinity of the explosion pressure diffusion door.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the lock structure of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing the lock structure of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 8 is a front view of the same.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing the positional relationship of each link in the locked state.
FIG. 10 is a side view showing the positional relationship of each link at the time of explosion in the container.
FIG. 11 is a side view showing the positional relationship of each link at the time of manual release.
FIG. 12 is a plan view showing another embodiment in which the attachment positions of the latches are different.
FIG. 13 is a side view showing another embodiment in which a latch is provided on the container side.
FIG. 14 is a side view showing a problem of a conventional lock structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluidized bed processing apparatus 2 Hot air supply chamber 3 Flow chamber 4 Exhaust chamber 5 Door body 6 Latch 7 Receiving piece 8 Seal body 11 Container 21 Hot air supply port 22 Plate plate 31 Raw material hopper 32 Discharge duct 41 Bag filter 42 Exhaust duct 43 Explosion pressure prevention opening 51 Hinge 61 Latch bracket 62 Relay adjustment link 63 Operation link 64 鉤 link 64a 鉤 part 65 Bolt 66 Nut A Explosive pressure release door C Cam D (Bolt 65) projecting length P ₁ Relay adjustment link fixing part Pin P ₂ Operation link moving part pin P ₃ Snap action pin P ₄固定 Link fixing part pin R Snap action link mechanism S Spring W Roller

Claims (3)

A member for dissipating爆圧provided in the container there is a risk of explosion within the a door member provided to be freely opened and closed container, a latch having a hook link for locking the door body, the latch And a latch to which a toggle mechanism having a snap action link mechanism is applied.
The latch has a relay adjustment link pivotally connected to the latch bracket by a relay adjustment link fixing pin, the hook link pivotally connected to the latch bracket by a hook link fixing pin, and an operation link movement. An operation link pivotally connected to the relay adjustment link by a part pin and pivotally connected to the collar link by a snap action pin;
The snap action link mechanism is formed by the operation link and the saddle link, and the door body is changed by changing an interval between the operation link moving part pin and the saddle link fixing part pin of the snap action link mechanism. The lock structure for the explosion pressure release door is characterized in that the suppression of movement in the opening direction is adjustable . In changing the interval between the operation link moving part pin of the snap action link mechanism and the saddle link fixing part pin, the angle of the relay adjusting link connected to the latch bracket is set to the relay adjusting link fixing part. The explosive pressure radiating door according to claim 1, wherein the operation link moving part pin is moved by rotating it around a pin to change the position, and the distance from the saddle link fixing part pin is changed . Lock structure.   3. The lock structure for an explosion pressure release door according to claim 1, wherein the latch is provided in the door body, and the hook receiving piece is provided in a container.

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