JP3633914B2 - Concrete product manufacturing method and concrete product manufacturing formwork - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing various concrete products used for construction of underdrains (box culverts, etc.) or fire-proof water storage tanks, joint grooves, underground passages, assembly garages, etc., concrete products, and concrete product production molds used in production. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when producing concrete products such as box culverts by placing concrete, in order to improve the finished state of the bottom inner surface of the concrete products, the concrete products are produced by the following molds and methods. It is known.
[0003]
That is, in the first manufacturing method, the mold has holes formed in the inner mold on the inner surface of the bottom portion at regular intervals, and air chambers that are hollow frames are provided. Use a cloth with tension applied. Then, after placing the concrete with the formwork placed horizontally, the air chamber is continuously sucked by an air ejector driven by a compressor to remove air, surplus moisture, and the like, thereby producing a concrete product.
[0004]
Further, in the second manufacturing method, the mold is provided with a perforated frame in which water outlets are provided at regular intervals on the inner mold on the inner surface of the bottom and a filter cloth is attached to the inner surface with tension applied. use. After placing this formwork horizontally and placing the concrete, the concrete is compacted while exuding air and excess water from the inner surface of the bottom from the outlet using the static pressure of the uncured concrete due to its own weight. The excess water that has oozed out during the compacting operation and accumulated on the inner mold is sucked up by a vacuum cleaner to produce a concrete product.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the former first manufacturing method, a dedicated air chamber is required for each inner mold on the inner surface of the bottom, and the compressor must be operated continuously for a long time by setting an air ejector in this air chamber. It was unsuitable for mass production and the construction was troublesome. Further, in the latter second manufacturing method, when the exudation water accumulates to some extent on the perforated frame, further exudation of moisture is suppressed, and the removal of unnecessary air, excess moisture, etc. from the bottom surface of the concrete product becomes incomplete. Cheap.
[0006]
In addition, when the concrete product to be manufactured is a long product having a length of more than 2 meters, a manufacturing method in which the concrete is placed while the formwork is installed vertically is conceivable. In this case, if the formwork is installed on the ground, the upper end of the formwork becomes a height exceeding 2 meters, and it is difficult to ensure the safety of the work by performing the concrete placement work at that position. Therefore, equipment such as pits slightly shallower than the mold length is provided so as to lower the placement work position, and the work is performed by installing the mold in the equipment. In such a construction method, surplus moisture etc. floats to the upper end side of the mold and can be discharged relatively easily. The number of man-hours is increased as compared with the case where the mold is made to be horizontal, such as taking out and removing the mold in a horizontal state. As a result, the manufacturing cost is increased.
[0007]
The object of the present invention is to eliminate such problems.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present application, in order to achieve such an object, the following measures are taken. That is, the method for manufacturing a concrete product according to the first aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a concrete product in which concrete is manufactured by placing concrete on a mold, and the outer mold and the outer mold An inner mold frame that is removably assembled with a space in the interior, and a plurality of groove forming members having a thickness are fixed to the inner surface of the inner mold frame for molding the bottom inner surface of the concrete product to communicate with the outside of the mold frameMesh shapeAt the time of placing concrete into the mold frame that is stretched on the inner mold frame with tension applied to the removable filter cloth, at least air and excess moisture gathered on the bottom inner surface , Let the filter cloth penetrate through the concrete in the formworkMesh-likeIt is characterized by leaching into the groove and removing.
[0009]
With such a structure, when concrete is placed in the mold, excess moisture and air that springs from the uncured concrete in the part corresponding to the bottom inner surface of the concrete product penetrates the filter cloth and is grooved. FrameMesh-likeIt exudes into the groove. In this case,Mesh-likeExcess water that oozes into the grooveMesh-likeWhen the groove communicates with the outside of the mold, it is discharged out of the mold. Like this, through the filter clothMesh-likeExcess water that exudes into the grooveMesh-likeSince the inside of the groove is sequentially saturated and sequentially discharged, the processing time can be shortened.
[0010]
In order to efficiently remove excess moisture and the like, it is preferable to incline the mold with a predetermined gradient in the longitudinal direction when placing concrete. In this case, the predetermined gradient is5%The following is desirable. The predetermined gradient is preferably set to 0.1% to 2%. If the predetermined gradient is set to exceed 5%, the cast concrete moves to a lower position in the formwork, that is, flows in the formwork, resulting in a problem that it spills out of the formwork.
[0011]
In order to further increase the efficiency of removing excess moisture, etc., at least when removing air and excess moisture,Mesh-likeAn air stream is passed through the groove, and the air and excess water areMesh-likeIt is preferable to remove by an air flow passing through the groove. in this way,Mesh-likeBy passing airflow through the groove,Mesh-likeExcess moisture that has oozed into the groove is accelerated by the air flow, and the flow rate of excess moisture and the like increases. Therefore, even if the amount of excess water or the like is large, the discharge amount per unit time becomes large, and the processing time can be further shortened.
[0012]
Mesh-likeIn order to generate a uniform air flow and simplify the structure when generating an air flow in the groove,Mesh-likeConnect one end of the groove so that airflow can pass through, and keep the other end open, from the connected one endMesh-likeIt is preferable that airflow can be generated in the groove.
[0013]
In order to promote manufacturing efficiency, the formwork exceeds 2 meters.10Those having a length of up to meters are preferred.10The meter refers to the length that can be loaded on the trailer with the longest loading platform. Therefore, the length may be set within the load limit of such a trailer, and the length may exceed 10 meters.
[0014]
In this way, even if the length of the mold is long, it is possible to efficiently produce a concrete product without reducing the discharge efficiency of excess moisture and the like because the mold is inclined. .
[0015]
Since such a concrete product is long, it is possible to construct a culvert etc. by reducing the joint portion, and to shorten the joint work time. Moreover, since it is possible to reduce a joining part, it becomes possible to reduce the quantity of the member required for joining. In addition, since the joint portion is reduced, the construction is easy even in a long construction section, and it is possible to reduce problems such as water leakage from the joint portion. In addition, even if the construction section becomes long, the construction section is long, so the number of use can be reduced, and the time required for loading and unloading during transportation can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the use time of heavy machinery during transportation and construction, and to reduce the loss of heavy machinery.
[0016]
Claims of the present application7The formwork for manufacturing a concrete product according to the present invention includes an outer formwork and an inner formwork that is detachably assembled with a space in the outer formwork, and the inner formwork covers the bottom inner surface of the concrete product. Fixed on its inner surface to moldMesh-like grooveIt has a plurality of groove forming members having a thickness for forming, and when placing concrete, a removable filter cloth is attached to the inner surface of the inner mold frame in a tensioned state. To do.
[0017]
According to such a configuration, it is relatively easy on the inner surface of the inner mold.Mesh-likeGrooves can be formed. That is, since a plurality of groove forming members are fixed to the inner surface of the inner mold, depending on the shape and thickness of the groove forming members or the pitch at the time of fixing, the desired width and depth between the groove forming membersMesh-likeGrooves can be formed. Therefore formedMesh-likeIt becomes possible to quickly discharge the air and excess water exuded from the uncured concrete through the filter cloth to the outside of the mold in the groove.
[0018]
Such a groove forming member andIt is fixedIt is made of a solid with a flat surface required for fixing, and is fixed at a predetermined pitch over almost the entire inner surface of the inner mold.Things listedIt is done.
[0019]
The solid includes a frustum, a frustum, a cylinder, a prism, a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a hemisphere, a half cylinder, a semi-elliptical sphere, and the like. In each frustum, a plane having a large area is used as a plane required for fixing. In the triangular prism, one plane is used as a plane required for fixing, and the top side facing the plane is used in contact with the filter cloth. In the case of a semi-cylinder, a rectangular plane is used as a plane required for fixing, and the curved surface is used in contact with the filter cloth. The size of these three-dimensional objects is not particularly limited as long as a plurality of them can be fixed to the entire inner surface of the inner mold frame at a predetermined pitch, and the formed grooves are not particularly deep. A degree is preferred.
[0020]
These groove forming members described above may be made of, for example, a metal such as a steel plate or aluminum, an elastic material such as natural rubber or synthetic rubber, a synthetic resin, or ceramics.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0022]
This embodiment shows a construction example of a box culvert BC having a product length of 4 meters, which is the concrete product shown in FIG.
[0023]
The formwork 100 of this embodiment is used when manufacturing a box culvert BC. The box culvert BC has a length set to 4 meters, for example.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2, the mold 100 used in this embodiment is placed horizontally, and the outer mold 1, the inner mold body 21, and the groove integrated with the inner mold body 21. It is comprised by the inner form frame 2 which consists of the attachment frame 22, and the end plate 1h (shown in FIG. 7) which closes both ends. The inner mold frame 2 is attached with a space for forming the bottom plate BC1 and the side wall BC2 of the box culvert BC, that is, spaced from the outer mold frame 1 inside the outer mold frame 1. The inner mold frame 2 is formed by combining the inner mold frame body 21 and the grooved frame 22, and the inner mold frame body 21 has a structure that can be detached from the box culvert BC formed by disassembly or folding. The grooved frame 22 is made of a steel plate, which is a magnetic material, and communicates with the outside of the mold 100 substantially parallel to the inner surface of the bottom portion of the box culvert BC, that is, the inner surface of the bottom plate BC1. A plurality of grooves 22a are provided for discharging air, surplus moisture, and the like that are discharged during and after compaction to the outside. The grooved frame 22 is attached with tension applied in a state where the filter cloth 23 applies tension, covering the groove 22a.
[0025]
Specifically, the grooved frame 22 has a depth (length) dimension longer than the product length of the box culvert BC. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 (illustrated in a state where the mold 100 is placed horizontally) and FIGS. 6 to 7, the grooved frame 22 is fixed to the grooved frame main body 22m and the grooved frame main body 22m. It consists of a plurality of groove forming members 22n made of a steel plate and one end portion, that is, a pipe connecting member 22p provided in the vicinity of one end plate 1h. The groove forming member 22n has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, and has a length that covers almost the entire length of the grooved frame main body 22m. The surface of the long side of the trapezoid is the inner surface of the grooved frame main body 22m, and the adjacent one is the long side. The parts are brought into close contact with each other and fixed by, for example, welding. Thus, by fixing a plurality of groove forming members 22n, a plurality of grooves 22a having an isosceles cross section between the groove forming members 22n are formed in the width direction of the inner mold frame 2, that is, the product inner width of the box culvert BC. It is formed parallel to the direction at a predetermined pitch.
[0026]
A hanging member 22b is provided on the outer surface of the grooved frame main body 22m to suspend the grooved frame 22 and move it into and out of the inner mold frame main body 21. The pipe connecting member 22p has a length substantially equal to the width of the grooved frame 22, and is made of an elastic material such as synthetic rubber or a highly rigid metal material. The pipe connection member 22p has a connection pipe line 22pa for connecting the air pipe line to an external compressor that outputs pressurized air, and communicates with the connection pipe line 22pa and communicates with each groove 22a. A distribution line 22pb that distributes the pressurized air to the grooves 22a almost uniformly is provided. Several connecting pipe lines 22pa are provided in the longitudinal direction of the pipe connecting member 22p so that pressurized air is supplied to each distribution pipe line 22pb almost evenly.
[0027]
Further, the grooved frame 22 has guide walls 22c for guiding the filter cloth 23 on portions facing the tension direction applied to the filter cloth 23, that is, on both sides in the width direction. Further, the filter cloth 23 is attached to the grooved frame 22 so that the fixing position of one edge 23a of the filter cloth 23 can be relatively changed, and the one edge 23a is detachably fixed. A plurality of engaging column bodies 22d that engage with through holes 23b provided in one edge portion 23a of the filter cloth 23 are fixed to the mounting flange 22e at a predetermined interval, and the other edge portion 23c of the filter cloth 23 is A fixing flange 22f which is detachably fixed is provided so as to protrude from the guide wall 22c in the width direction of the grooved frame 22. The attachment flange 22e and the fixed flange 22f are joined to the suspension member 22b, respectively.
[0028]
The engaging column body 22d constitutes an engaging means together with the through hole 23b, and includes, for example, two locking projections 22da and 22db for preventing the filter cloth 23 from falling off in the vicinity of the upper end thereof. When the filter cloth 23 is engaged, the locking protrusions 22da and 22db are provided apart from each other, and the filter cloth 23 can be fixed at a fixed position by hooking the filter cloth 23 on one of them. ing. The fixed flange 22f is provided downward with an acute angle formed from the upper end of the guide wall 22c. Further, the grooved frame 22 has a length such that both ends thereof extend from the outer mold frame 1 in the product length direction of the box culvert BC in a state where the outer mold frame 1 is assembled.
[0029]
Thus, since the grooved frame 22 forms the groove 22a by the groove forming member 22n, the groove 22a having a desired width can be easily formed by adjusting the width and fixed pitch of the groove forming member 22n. it can. Further, since the grooved frame 22 is not provided with a through-hole for allowing air, excess moisture, or the like to pass therethrough, it is possible to suppress a decrease in mechanical strength, thereby improving durability. In addition, since the grooves 22a are provided at a predetermined pitch, it is possible to easily visually check the adhesion state in the grooves 22a with the filter cloth 23 removed even when cement paste or the like is adhered. This can reduce the time required for maintenance work.
[0030]
As described above, the filter cloth 23 is provided with the through-hole 23b at one edge 23a, and the other edge 23c is a plate-like magnet that functions as a surface fixing member for fixing. 3 is detachably attached via a hook and loop fastener 4. The filter cloth 23 is attached to the inner surface of the grooved frame 22 in a state where tension is applied so as to close the groove 22a. This filter cloth 23 prevents the passage of aggregates and other useful components of cement in the concrete into the groove 22a, so that only those for the purpose of removing bubbles, excess moisture, and latency are selectively passed. The fiber permeability or water permeability is selected, and the mesh is adjusted. And the surface fastener female material 41 is being fixed to the other edge part 23c of the filter cloth 23, and the surface fastener male material 42 is being fixed to the plate-shaped magnet 3 corresponding to this. Accordingly, the plate-like magnet 3 is attached to a predetermined position of the filter cloth 23 by engaging the surface fastener male material 42 with the surface fastener female material 41. The plate magnet 3 has, for example, substantially the same length as the entire length of the filter cloth 23 in the length direction. In addition, the plate-shaped magnet 3 may be one in which a plurality of ones shorter than the entire length of the filter cloth 23 are attached at a predetermined interval. In this case, the length of the plate-like magnet 3 and the predetermined interval may be set so that wrinkles and slack do not occur in the filter cloth 23.
[0031]
In the above configuration, the filter cloth 23 is attached to the grooved frame 22 in the following procedure. First, the through hole 23b of one edge portion 23a of the filter cloth 23 is hung on the engaging column 22d with one of the locking projections 22da and 22db facing down. In the filter cloth 23 that has been partially worn after being attached and detached a plurality of times, the problem portion is not used so as to overlap the corner portion or the like, for example, without using the locking protrusion 22db. The locking projection 22da is used. This changes the distance from the edge of one edge 23a of the filter cloth 23 to the corner when attached, so that a part of the filter cloth does not come into contact with the corner at the same position as before. Similarly, when the grooved frame 22 is set in the inner mold body 21, the relative positional relationship with the inner mold body 21 can also be changed with respect to the portion in contact with the inner mold body 21. Therefore, the damage of the filter cloth 23 in those problem parts can be maintained in a slight state, and the durability can be improved. For this reason, it can be used over a long period of time and is excellent in economic efficiency.
[0032]
In this manner, after one edge 23a of the filter cloth 23 is engaged with the engaging column 22d, the filter cloth 23 is pulled along the inner surface of the grooved frame 22 while being pulled. In this case, the filter cloth 23 is pulled sufficiently to prevent wrinkles and slack. Then, the other edge 23 c of the filter cloth 23, that is, the edge where the plate-like magnet 3 is attached by the surface fastener 4 is brought to the fixing flange 22 f of the grooved frame 22. Then, the other edge portion 23 c is pulled downward along the fixed flange 22 f to apply tension to the filter cloth 23. The plate-like magnet 3 attached to the filter cloth 23 is placed on the fixing flange 22f in a state where tension is applied to the filter cloth 23 without loosening or wrinkling, and the other edge 23c of the filter cloth 23 is fixed by magnetic force.
[0033]
The other edge 23c of the filter cloth 23 is fixed by attracting the plate-like magnet 3 to the grooved frame 22 made of a magnetic material by a magnetic force in this way. It can be fixed by fixing work. If slack or wrinkles occurs in the filter cloth 23, the position of the plate magnet 3 is moved to remove the slack or wrinkles. Even in this case, since the slack and wrinkles can be removed only by changing the position of the plate-like magnet 3, the operation can be facilitated.
[0034]
Further, in this filter cloth 23, the plate magnet 3 is detachably attached to the filter cloth 23 by the surface fastener 4. Therefore, even when the filter cloth 23 becomes unusable before the plate magnet 3, Only the plate magnet 3 can be diverted to another filter cloth 23 or a new filter cloth 23. For this reason, it is possible to increase the use efficiency without wasting the relatively expensive plate magnet 3.
[0035]
The grooved frame 22 to which the filter cloth 23 is attached is attached to the inner mold body 21 and discharges water and air that springs from the placed concrete to the outside of the mold. In the grooved frame 22, since the grooves 22a are formed at a predetermined pitch, clogging of the generated filter cloth 23 and the groove 22a can be suppressed. Even if the groove 22a is clogged, the filter cloth 23 can be easily removed from the grooved frame 22 by removing the plate magnet 3 from the grooved frame 22, so that the groove 22a can be easily cleaned. can do.
[0036]
Below, manufacture of the box culvert BC which uses the formwork 100 mentioned above is demonstrated with FIGS. The mold 100 is tilted to a predetermined gradient before placing concrete as will be described later. However, in FIGS. 8, 10 and 11, the illustration of the configuration behind the end surface is omitted. ing. In this embodiment, a method for manufacturing a box culvert BC with a gradient applied to the formwork 100 will be described. However, when a concrete product having a short length is manufactured, the gradient is not applied. Alternatively, pressurized air may be supplied to the groove 22a.
[0037]
First, the mold 100 is assembled on the base plate 6. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, the outer mold 1 and the inner mold body 21 are first assembled to form a required shape. That is, the inner mold frame 2 is set in a state in which the grooved frame 22 for forming the bottom inner surface of the box culvert BC is removed and the attachment site is an opening. Note that both ends of the mold 100 are closed by the end plate 1h, and the upper side of the mold 100 is open.
[0038]
The end of the corresponding base plate 6 is lifted with, for example, a crane so that one end in the longitudinal direction of the mold 100 assembled in this way becomes higher, and the end of the lifted end of the base plate 6 is lifted. A gap is formed on the lower surface side, and as shown in FIG. 8, a gradient member 7 having a thickness set corresponding to a predetermined gradient is inserted into the formed gap so that the mold 100 is inclined at a predetermined gradient. . The gradient member 7 is preferably, for example, a rod member having a triangular cross section with a wide bottom surface or a square member having a square cross section. The insertion position of such a gradient member 7 is the outermost position of the end portion where the base plate 6 is lifted. When the insertion position is closer to the center of the base plate 6, the gradient is slightly different, but there is no problem because it is within the set range. The predetermined gradient is set to 5% or less, and specifically, set within a range of 0.1% to 2%. In the case of a 4-meter box culvert BC formwork 100 in this embodiment, when the predetermined gradient is 1%, the height of the gradient member 7 may be set to about 40 millimeters. Then, in a state where the mold frame 100 is inclined in this way, first, concrete is driven onto the bottom plate of the mold frame 100 in which the grooved frame 22 is not incorporated, and a portion in the mold frame 100 corresponding to the bottom portion of the box culvert BC. Make sure that only concrete is fully filled.
[0039]
The composition of the concrete cement, the unit amount of water, and the water cement ratio used here is usually adjusted to the following ranges.
Cement; 300Kg / m³~ 500Kg / m³
Water; 110 l / m³~ 200l / m³
Water cement ratio; 55% -32%
Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the grooved frame 22 is disposed in the portion of the inner mold frame 2 that is the opening, that is, the portion that molds the bottom inner surface of the box culvert BC, and is integrally coupled to the inner mold body 21. . Specifically, the grooved frame 22 with the filter cloth 23 attached thereto is installed in the inner mold body 21 from above in the inner mold body 21. Then, in a state where the grooved frame 22 has reached a predetermined mounting position of the inner mold body 21, a portion that extends from the outer mold frame 1 and is placed on the angle member 1 a (FIG. 9) of the outer mold frame 1 The grooved frame 22 and the inner mold body 21 are integrated by fixing. In this case, the grooved frame 22 is fixed to the outer mold frame 1 with the end portion to which the pipe connection member 22p is attached positioned on the raised end portion side of the outer mold frame 1. A pipe from the compressor is connected to each connection pipe line 22pa of the pipe connection member 22p in an airtight manner so that the pressurized air does not leak.
[0040]
In this manner, concrete is sequentially driven into the mold 100 in which the grooved frame 22 is integrated with the inner mold 2 from the gap between the outer mold 1 and the inner mold 2 as shown by arrows in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, concrete is sequentially placed in the part in the mold 100 corresponding to the block side wall and the top plate part and completely filled with concrete. During and after placement, an external vibrator and an internal vibrator such as a rod-like vibrator inserted into the concrete are operated to generate a compacting action by vibration, and the side wall and top of the mold 100 are also formed. Due to the large compaction effect of the concrete weight borne from the plate portion, excess moisture in the uncured concrete is collected together with harmful components such as bubbles and latency on the inner surface of the bottom portion of the box culvert BC in contact with the grooved frame 22.
[0041]
The air, surplus moisture, and the like are filtered by the filter cloth 23 by static pressure in the mold 100 and ooze out into the grooves 22a of the grooved frame 22. In this case, since the mold 100 is inclined by the gradient member 7, excess moisture or the like that has oozed into the groove 22 a is directed toward the other end opposite to the one end where the gradient member 7 is inserted due to its own weight. Flowing. In this way, in the state where there is no air flow in the groove 22a, surplus moisture or the like that has oozed into the groove 22a sequentially flows from the lower end of the groove 22a, and a water flow naturally occurs in the groove 22a due to the gradient. Is. This flow is accelerated by the air flow generated in the groove 22a because the compressed air is sent from the compressor to each groove 22a. Then, due to the synergistic effect of the flow and airflow due to its own weight, the air, excess moisture, etc. in the groove 22a are efficiently discharged from the other end of the groove 22a.
[0042]
Further, since the air flow is formed in the groove 22a, the air pressure in the groove 22a is reduced and oozes out into the groove 22a sequentially through the filter cloth 23, but the collected air, excess water, etc. are compressed air. Is continuously supplied to each groove 22a, so that it is discharged from the other open end of the groove 22a without storing in the groove 22a. In this case, surplus moisture or the like in the groove 22a flows sufficiently by its own weight, so the pressure of the pressurized air for forming the airflow may be relatively low. By using such low-pressure pressurized air, it is possible to prevent the uncured concrete under the filter cloth 23 from being scraped by the pressurized air at the end where the pressurized air is supplied. it can.
[0043]
Thereafter, after the concrete is hardened, the gradient member 7 is pulled out from under the base plate 6 to bring the base plate 6 into a horizontal state. Thus, after returning the base plate 6 to a horizontal state, the outer mold frame 1 and the inner mold frame 2 are removed, and demolding work is performed to manufacture the box culvert BC. At the time of mold removal, the base plate 6 is horizontal, so that the box culvert BC does not slide off the base plate 6 and the work can be performed safely.
[0044]
In this way, since the concrete is cast by inclining the mold 100, air, surplus moisture, etc. oozes into the grooves 22a formed at a predetermined pitch and moves parallel to the surface of the concrete. Removed. In this case, surplus moisture or the like flows toward the end of the mold 100 that is not lifted by its own weight, and is accelerated by the air flow generated in the groove 22a. Even if it is longer than that, it is possible to discharge air, excess water, etc. generated from the concrete placed in a short time. In addition, in order to make the length equivalent to such a long box culvert BC, compared to the case of combining a short box culvert BC, the number of steps for assembling the mold 100, the number of steps for applying the release agent, the number of steps required for demolding, The man-hour for placing can be shortened. Accordingly, the time required for manufacturing can be shortened, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0045]
Since the box culvert BC manufactured as described above is long, it is possible to construct a culvert or the like by reducing the joint portion, and it is possible to shorten the joint work time and to join the member. It becomes possible to reduce the amount of. Thus, by reducing the joint portion, construction is facilitated even in a long construction section, and problems such as water leakage from the joint portion can be reduced. In addition, since the length of one box culvert BC to be used is long even if the construction section is long, the number of boxes used can be reduced, and the time required for loading and unloading during transportation can be reduced. be able to. Accordingly, it is possible to shorten the use time of heavy machinery during transportation and construction, and to reduce heavy machinery loss.
[0046]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
[0047]
In the above embodiment, the base plate 6 is lifted before placing the concrete, and the gradient member 7 is inserted below the base plate 6 to give the formwork 100 an inclination. The gradient member 7 may be fixed to the lower surface. In the case where such a gradient member 7 is fixed, for example, if a gradient member set so that the predetermined gradient is 1% is fixed to the longest base plate for producing a 10-meter concrete product. When a concrete product having a length of 10 meters or less is manufactured, the concrete product can be manufactured in a state where the mold is inclined at a predetermined gradient by assembling the mold on the base plate.
[0048]
The filter cloth 23 can be basically removed from the grooved frame 22, and the attachment structure is not limited as long as the filter cloth 23 can be attached to the grooved frame 22 in a tensioned state. For example, by attaching the filter cloth 23 to the inner surface of the grooved frame 22 and pulling both ends in the width direction of the filter cloth 23 in a direction approaching each other with an elastic rubber belt or the like, a tension is applied. In this case, a filter cloth 23 can be removed by removing the rubber belt from both ends.
[0049]
In the above-described embodiment, the engaging column 22d is fixed to the mounting flange 22e. However, the engaging column 22d may be provided directly on the outer surface of the grooved frame 22. Further, instead of the engagement column body 22d, an engagement protrusion that engages with the through hole 23b may be provided on the surface of the attachment flange 22e so as to be separated in the tension direction of the filter cloth 23. A plurality of through holes 23b may be provided apart from each other in the tension direction of the filter cloth 23.
[0050]
Furthermore, the plate-like magnet 3 may be detachably attached to the filter cloth 23 by the surface fastener 4 even in the side edge portion instead of providing the engaging column 22d. In other words, the plate magnet 3 is detachably attached to both side edge portions of the filter cloth 23. By attaching the plate magnet 3 to both side edge portions in this way, one edge portion does not become a fixed attachment position. Therefore, even when the filter cloth 23 extends due to a change with time, a tension is easily applied to form a groove. It can be attached to the frame 22.
[0051]
Although the plate-like magnet 3 is detachably attached to the filter cloth 23 by the surface fastener 4, a band-shaped surface fastener male material 42 is attached to the other edge 23 c of the filter cloth 23, while the grooved frame For example, the surface fastener female material 41 wider than the surface fastener male material 42 may be fixed to the entire surface of the fixing flange 22f of 22 with an adhesive or the like. By configuring in this way, the hook-and-loop fastener male member 42 can be engaged with a desired position of the hook-and-loop fastener female member 41, so that the filter cloth 23 can be easily attached to the grooved frame 22. In this case, the other edge 23c of the filter cloth 23 is sewn in a cylindrical shape, and a rod body serving as a core is inserted into the tubularly sewn interior, so that the other edge 23c is pulled almost uniformly. It may be something to do. In addition, when the engaging means is realized by the surface fastener composed of the surface fastener male material 42 and the surface fastener female material 41 described above, the surface fastener is provided with a minimum length that does not cause wrinkles or slack in the filter cloth 23. For example, a plurality of strip-shaped surface fastener male members 42 having a predetermined length may be attached to the filter cloth 23 at predetermined intervals.
[0052]
In addition, as the groove forming member for forming the groove 22a, the above embodiment has been described with the trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, but the cross-sectional shape may be rectangular. When the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, grooves are formed between the respective groove forming members by fixing them at a predetermined pitch apart from each other in the width direction of the grooved frame 22.
[0053]
Furthermore, as the groove forming member material, a triangular angle member 22s, a solid hemisphere 22u, and a solid rectangular parallelepiped 22w may be used.
[0054]
In the case of the angle member 22s, the length is substantially the same as the length of the grooved frame main body 22m of the grooved frame 22, and as shown in FIG. With the corners to be directed toward the inner surface of the mold 100, the inner mold 2 is fixed to the inner surface of the inner mold 2 at a predetermined pitch so as to form hollow ridges. As a result, when the adjacent angle members 22s are fixed in close contact with each other between the angle members 22s, the groove 22t having a triangular cross-sectional shape is formed, and when the base members are fixed with an interval between the cross-sections, the cross-sectional shape is formed. Are each formed with a trapezoidal groove.
[0055]
When the groove forming member is a hemispherical body 22u, as shown in FIGS. 13 to 14, the hemispherical surface is fixed at a predetermined pitch over almost the entire inner surface of the grooved frame 22 with the hemispherical surface facing inward of the mold. Is. In this case, for example, all the hemispheres 22s may be fixed so as to be in contact with each other, or may be fixed at an equal distance from each other. Thus, when the hemispherical body 22s is used as a groove forming member, a straight groove as in the above embodiment is not formed in the grooved frame 22, but it is a hemispherical surface. A space is formed between the filter cloth 23 and the hemispherical surface, and a mesh-like groove is formed on the inner surface of the grooved frame 22 by the space.
[0056]
Further, when the groove forming member is a rectangular parallelepiped 22w, it is fixed at a predetermined pitch over almost the entire inner surface of the grooved frame 22. In this case, as shown in FIG. 15, each rectangular parallelepiped 22w is fixed at a predetermined interval, and a mesh-like groove is formed as in the case of the hemisphere 22s. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the predetermined pitch is set so that a relatively narrow groove is formed with respect to the size of the rectangular parallelepiped 22w. However, the pitch is increased and the groove has the same width as the rectangular parallelepiped 22w. Alternatively, it may be set so that a groove having a width larger than that is formed.
[0057]
In addition, instead of the rectangular parallelepiped 22w, a frustum, a truncated pyramid, a cylinder, a prism, a cube, a hemisphere, a half cylinder, a semi-elliptical sphere, and the like are fixed in the same manner, and the grooves are formed in a mesh shape. It may be.
[0058]
In addition, the structure of each part is not limited to the illustrated example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when concrete is placed in a mold, excess moisture and air that springs from uncured concrete in a portion corresponding to the bottom inner surface of the concrete product passes through the filter cloth and forms a groove. It exudes into the groove of the frame,Mesh-likeExcess water that oozes into the grooveMesh-likeSince the groove communicates with the outside of the mold, such excess moisture can be discharged out of the mold.
[0060]
Therefore, excess water and the like can be efficiently discharged without complicating the structure of the formwork, and the time required for manufacturing the concrete product can be shortened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a box culvert according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view showing the embodiment in a horizontal state.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a filter cloth is attached to a grooved frame constituting the inner mold of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a main part of the inner mold according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view showing a mounting state of the filter cloth according to the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a partially omitted enlarged perspective view of the grooved frame in the same embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the surface on which the groove of the grooved frame is formed in the same embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a process explanatory view showing a method for manufacturing a box culvert in the embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing an inclined state of the mold according to the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a process explanatory view showing the method for manufacturing the box culvert in the embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a process explanatory view showing the method for manufacturing the box culvert in the same embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a partially omitted cross-sectional view showing another example of the groove forming member.
FIG. 13 is a partially omitted perspective view showing a second other example of the groove forming member.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of a surface on which a groove of a grooved frame is formed in a second other example of the groove forming member.
FIG. 15 is a plan view of a surface on which a groove of a grooved frame is formed in a third other example of the groove forming member.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Outer formwork
2 ... Inner formwork
22 ... Grooved frame
22a ... groove
23 ... Filter cloth

Claims (8)

A concrete product manufacturing method for producing concrete products by placing concrete in a mold, comprising an outer mold and an inner mold that is detachably assembled with a space in the outer mold, A plurality of thick groove forming members are fixed to the inner surface of the inner mold forming the bottom inner surface of the concrete product to form a mesh-like groove communicating with the outside of the mold, and the removable filter cloth is tensioned. When placing concrete into the formwork stretched on the inner formwork in a given state, at least air and excess moisture gathered on the inner surface of the bottom permeate the filter cloth while compacting the concrete in the formwork A method for producing a concrete product, characterized in that the concrete product is exuded and removed in a mesh-like groove of a mesh . 2. The method for producing a concrete product according to claim 1, wherein when casting concrete, the mold is inclined with a predetermined gradient in the longitudinal direction thereof. The method for producing a concrete product according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined gradient is 5% or less. When removing at least air and excess moisture, an air flow is passed through the mesh-like grooves of the grooved frame portion, and the air and excess moisture are removed by an air flow passing through the mesh-like grooves of the mesh. A method for producing a concrete product according to claim 1, 2, or 3. Connect one end of the mesh-like groove of the mesh in a state where airflow can pass, and keep the other end open, so that airflow can be generated in the mesh-like groove of the mesh from the one end connected The method for producing a concrete block according to claim 4, wherein: The method for producing a concrete product according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the mold has a length exceeding 2 meters and up to 10 meters. It has an outer mold and an inner mold that is detachably assembled with a space in the outer mold, and the inner mold is fixed to the inner surface forming the bottom inner surface of the concrete product to form a mesh It has a plurality of groove forming members having a thickness for forming a groove, and when placing concrete, attach a removable filter cloth to the inner surface of the inner mold in a tensioned state. A formwork for producing concrete products. 8. The concrete product manufacturing formwork according to claim 7, wherein the groove forming member is made of a solid body having a plane required for fixing, and is fixed at a predetermined pitch over substantially the entire inner surface of the inner formwork.

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