JP3632089B2 - Sensor, friction force measurement method, pressure measurement method, and friction force / pressure simultaneous measurement method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to pressure and friction force acting on the tool surface during plastic processing such as rolling, forging, extrusion and drawing, and pressure and friction force on the mold surface such as injection molding and press molding, as well as a slurry pump and powder. A sensor that can be suitably used for detecting pressure and friction force acting on the inner surface of a fluid pipe, etc., and pressure and friction force acting on the surface of a blade such as a turbine blade that operates in a high pressure, and the friction The present invention relates to a force measuring method, a pressure measuring method, and a method for simultaneously measuring the frictional force and pressure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when measuring frictional force and pressure acting on a tool surface to which high pressure is applied, such as plastic working, by pinpointing, a hole is formed in the surface of the tool to form a recess, and a detection pin is attached in the recess. The so-called pressure measuring pin type method is used.
[0003]
However, in such a method, a step is generated between the detection surface and the tool surface, and the work material cannot be grasped by this step and an accurate frictional force and pressure cannot be measured. In addition, the lubricant is sucked into the gap between the detection pin and the tool hole, so that a boundary surface different from the actual friction condition is formed, and there is a problem that the friction force and pressure cannot be measured accurately. . Furthermore, there is a problem that the workpiece itself is clogged in the gap, making measurement itself impossible.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel sensor capable of accurately measuring a frictional force and a pressure acting on a tool surface and the like, and to provide a method for measuring the frictional force and the pressure.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention connects two beams substantially symmetrical with respect to a center line, which are continuously provided in a thin portion of a predetermined member, and the lower ends of the two beams. A thin plate provided to do so,
A strain gauge provided in the vicinity of the joint portion of the thin plate with the two beams;
The present invention relates to a sensor characterized in that at least one of a frictional force and a pressure applied to the member is measured.
[0006]
The present invention also includes a step of forming a thin portion on the surface of a predetermined member;
Providing two beams that are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line continuously to the thin portion;
Providing a thin plate so as to connect the lower ends of the two beams;
Providing a strain gauge in the vicinity of the joint of the thin plate with the two beams;
Measuring the friction force by detecting the deformation of the thin plate via the two beams with the strain gauge, and the friction force loaded on the thin portion of the member;
It is related with the frictional force measuring method characterized by including these.
[0007]
Furthermore, the present invention includes a step of forming a thin portion on the surface of a predetermined member;
Providing two beams that are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line continuously to the thin portion;
Providing a thin plate so as to connect the lower ends of the two beams;
Providing a strain gauge in the vicinity of the joint of the thin plate with the two beams;
Measuring the pressure by detecting, with the strain gauge, the deformation of the thin plate via the two beams, the pressure applied to the thin portion of the member;
It is related with the pressure measuring method characterized by including.
[0008]
According to the present invention, the sensor composed of the two beams, the thin plate, and the strain gauge described above is directly added to a thin portion of a member such as a tool so that the sensor is integrated with the member. It is composed. As a result, the frictional force and pressure acting on the thin portion of the member can be directly measured, so that it acts on the surface of the member as compared with the conventional pressure measuring pin type method described above. It is possible to accurately measure the friction force and pressure.
[0009]
In addition, since the thin portion of the member is not subjected to drilling or the like, the above-described clogging of the lubricant and clogging of the workpiece do not occur. Therefore, it is possible to stably measure the frictional force and pressure for a long time.
[0010]
In the present invention, a plurality of strain gauges are provided, and the frictional force and pressure can be measured simultaneously by appropriately taking the difference with respect to the detected values of these strain gauges.
[0011]
Other features of the present invention will be described in detail in the following embodiments of the present invention.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the sensor of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sensor shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a thin portion 1 </ b> A is formed on the surface 1 </ b> B of the tool 1. Then, two substantially parallel beams 3 and 4 are provided so as to be continuous with the thin portion 1A. The lower ends of the two beams 3 and 4 are connected by a thin plate 5, and a plurality of strain gauges 6-1 to 6-4 are provided in the vicinity of the junction of the two beams 3 and 4 of the thin plate 5.
[0013]
As the strain gauges 6-1 to 6-4, an electric resistance type or a one using a piezoelectric element can be used.
[0014]
FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of a plurality of strain gauges 6-1 to 6-4, which are formed so that the strain gauges 1 and 3 and the strain gauges 2 and 4 are located on a diagonal line. Note that the strain gauges 6-1 and 6-2, and 6-3 and 6-4 can be configured integrally, and as a result, only two strain gauges can be used.
[0015]
The sensor 10 of the present invention includes two beams 3 and 4, a thin plate 5, and strain gauges 6-1 to 6-4, and is configured integrally with the tool 1 through a thin portion 1A. At this time, in order to perform more accurate measurement, at least one of the beams 3 and 4 and the thin plate 5 is made of the same material as the tool 1.
[0016]
4 and 5 are diagrams for explaining the principle of measurement of frictional force and pressure using the sensor of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, when a frictional force from the left side to the right side acts on the thin part 1A of the tool 1, the thin part 1A falls down on the upstream side of the frictional force, and on the downstream side. Deforms to warp upward. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the beam 3 positioned on the upstream side of the frictional force and the beam 4 positioned on the downstream side of the frictional force are inclined in the same direction according to the deformation of the thin portion 1A. .
[0017]
As a result, the thin plate 5 to which the beams 3 and 4 are connected is deflected, the elongation of the thin plate 5 is detected by the strain gauges 6-2 and 6-3, and the thin plate is detected by the strain gauges 6-1 and 6-4. A shrinkage amount of 5 is detected.
[0018]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, if a pressure is applied to the thin portion 1A of the tool 1 from above, the thin portion 1A is bent downward, and the beams 3 and 4 are formed on the thin portion 1A. In response to deformation, it will deform at the same rate. Therefore, the same amount of strain is detected in all of the strain gauges 6-1 to 6-4.
[0019]
Therefore, if the difference between the strain detection amount by the strain gauges 6-2 and 6-3 and the strain detection amount by the strain gauges 6-1 and 6-4 is taken, the strain amount by the pressure application described above is offset. Only the strain due to the frictional force is detected. On the contrary, by taking the sum of the detected amount by the strain gauges 6-2 and 6-3 and the detected amount by the strain gauges 6-1 and 6-4, the strain amount due to the above-mentioned frictional force is offset, and pressure is applied. Only the amount of strain due to is detected.
[0020]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the friction force and pressure applied to the surface 1B of the tool 1 by configuring the sensor 10 of the present invention so as to be integrated with the tool 1 via the thin portion 1A. Can be detected simultaneously.
[0021]
Furthermore, since the frictional force and pressure acting on the surface 1B of the tool 1 can be directly measured, the friction acting on the tool surface 1B compared to the conventional pressure measuring pin type method described above. Force and pressure can be measured accurately. Further, since the thin-walled portion 1A of the tool 1B is not subjected to drilling or the like, the clogging of the lubricant and the clogging of the workpiece do not occur. Therefore, it is possible to stably measure the frictional force and pressure for a long time.
[0022]
6 and 7 show the frictional force distribution and the pressure distribution when the aluminum columnar material is compressed upside down according to the present invention. As is clear from FIG. 6, the friction force increased from the center of the cylinder toward the outside, and showed the same tendency as the conventional friction force distribution. Further, as is clear from FIG. 7, the pressure increased toward the center of the cylinder, and showed the same tendency as the conventional pressure distribution. Therefore, it has been found that the present invention can measure the frictional force and pressure against a predetermined tool or the like without causing clogging of the lubricant and clogging of the workpiece.
[0023]
8-10 is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of the measuring method of this invention. Note that similar reference numerals are used for similar components. 8 to 10, only two beams 3 and 4 that are substantially parallel to each other so as to be continuous with the thin portion 1A of the tool 1 are provided, and a thin plate and a strain gauge for connecting the lower ends are not provided.
[0024]
Also in this case, as shown in FIG. 8, if a frictional force from the left side to the right side as indicated by an arrow acts on the thin portion 1A, the thin portion 1A is directed downward on the upstream side of the frictional force. It will fall down and will deform so as to warp upward on the downstream side. Therefore, the beam 3 provided on the upstream side of the thin portion 1A and the beam 4 provided on the downstream side are inclined at the same inclination angle α in the same direction.
[0025]
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, if a pressure is applied to the thin portion 1A from above, the thin portion 1A bends downward, and the beams 3 and 4 receive the deformation of the thin portion 1A. Deforms at a certain rate. Accordingly, the beams 3 and 4 are inclined at different inclination angles β in different directions.
[0026]
Accordingly, in the case where the above-described frictional force and pressure are simultaneously applied to the thin portion 1A, as shown in FIG. 10, the beam 3 is inclined at the inclination angle α + β, and the beam 4 is inclined at the inclination angle. It becomes inclined at α-β. Therefore, if the sum of the tilt angles of the beams 3 and 4 is taken, a value of 2α can be obtained and the frictional force can be measured. Further, if the difference between the tilt angles of the beams 3 and 4 is taken, a value of 2β can be obtained and the pressure can be measured.
[0027]
Also in this aspect, for the same reason as described above, the beams 3 and 4 are preferably made of the same material as that of the tool 1.
[0028]
As described above, the present invention has been described in detail based on the embodiments of the invention with specific examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described contents, and various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. And changes are possible.
[0029]
For example, in the above-described example, the two beams are arranged so as to be substantially parallel to each other, but any beam that is substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line may be used. For example, the two beams can be provided so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center line. In the above-described example, only the measurement of the frictional force applied in one direction is described. However, a load is applied in two directions by additionally providing a pair of beams in a direction substantially perpendicular to the beams 3 and 4. It is also possible to measure the friction force applied, that is, the friction force applied two-dimensionally.
[0030]
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, the strain gauges 6-1 to 6-4 with respect to the back surface of the thin portion 1A of the tool 1 (the strain gauges 6-3 and 6-4 positioned in the depth direction are not shown). It is also possible to directly measure the amount of deformation of the thin-walled portion 1A when a frictional force is applied to the thin-walled portion 1A, thereby measuring the frictional force.
[0031]
In this case, if a frictional force acts on the thin portion 1A from the left side to the right side, elongation occurs on the upstream side of the thin portion 1A and shrinkage occurs on the downstream side. Therefore, the friction force can be measured by measuring the amount of elongation with strain gauges 6-2 and 6-4 and measuring the amount of contraction with strain gauges 6-1 and 6-3.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a novel sensor capable of accurately measuring a friction force and a pressure acting on a tool surface or the like is provided, and a method for measuring the friction force and the pressure is provided. Can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sensor shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a layout view of a plurality of strain gauges.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the principle of measurement of frictional force using the sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the principle of pressure measurement using the sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a frictional force distribution when an aluminum cylindrical member is swept and compressed according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing a pressure distribution when an aluminum cylindrical member is swept and compressed according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a modification of the measuring method of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the measurement method of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the measuring method of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing another modification of the measurement method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tool 1A Thin part 1B of tool 1B Tool surface 3, 4 Beam 5 Thin plate 6-1 to 6-4 Strain gauge 10 Sensor

Claims (22)

Two beams, which are provided in succession on a thin portion formed on the surface of a predetermined member and which are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line, are connected to the lower ends of the two beams. A thin plate,
A strain gauge provided in the vicinity of the joint portion of the thin plate with the two beams;
A sensor that measures at least one of a frictional force and a pressure applied to the member. The sensor according to claim 1, wherein the two beams are provided so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the frictional force and the pressure are measured simultaneously. The sensor according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the two beams and the thin plate is made of the same material as the member. Forming a thin portion on the surface of a predetermined member;
Providing two beams that are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line continuously to the thin portion;
Providing a thin plate so as to connect the lower ends of the two beams;
Providing a strain gauge in the vicinity of the joint of the thin plate with the two beams;
Measuring the friction force by detecting the deformation of the thin plate via the two beams with the strain gauge, and the friction force loaded on the thin portion of the member;
A method for measuring frictional force, comprising: The frictional force measuring method according to claim 5, wherein the two beams are provided so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The frictional force measuring method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein at least one of the two beams and the thin plate is made of the same material as the member. Forming a thin portion on the surface of a predetermined member;
Providing two beams that are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line continuously to the thin portion;
Providing a thin plate so as to connect the lower ends of the two beams;
Providing a strain gauge in the vicinity of the joint of the thin plate with the two beams;
Measuring the pressure by detecting, with the strain gauge, the deformation of the thin plate via the two beams, the pressure applied to the thin portion of the member;
A pressure measurement method comprising: The pressure measuring method according to claim 8, wherein the two beams are provided so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The pressure measuring method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein at least one of the two beams and the thin plate is made of the same material as the member. Forming a thin portion on the surface of a predetermined member;
Providing two beams that are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line continuously to the thin portion;
Providing a thin plate so as to connect the lower ends of the two beams;
Providing a plurality of strain gauges in the vicinity of the joint of the thin plate with the two beams;
Detecting the deformation of the thin plate via the two beams with the frictional force and pressure loaded on the thin portion of the member with the plurality of strain gauges;
Measuring the frictional force by taking a difference between strain detection amounts by the plurality of strain gauges;
A step of measuring the pressure by taking a sum between strain detection amounts by the plurality of strain gauges;
A method for simultaneously measuring frictional force and pressure. The method for simultaneous measurement of frictional force and pressure, wherein the two beams are provided so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The frictional force / pressure simultaneous measurement method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein at least one of the two beams and the thin plate is made of the same material as the member. Forming a thin portion on the surface of a predetermined member;
Providing two beams that are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line continuously to the thin portion;
A step of measuring the frictional force from an inclination angle of the two beams when a predetermined frictional force is applied to the thin portion of the member;
A method for measuring frictional force, comprising: 15. The frictional force measuring method according to claim 14, wherein the two beams are provided so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The frictional force measuring method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the two beams are made of the same material as the member. Forming a thin portion on the surface of a predetermined member;
Providing two beams that are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line continuously to the thin portion;
A step of measuring the pressure from the inclination angles of the two beams when a predetermined pressure is applied to the thin portion of the member;
A pressure measurement method comprising: The frictional force measuring method according to claim 17, wherein the two beams are provided so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The frictional force measuring method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the two beams are made of the same material as the member. Forming a thin portion on the surface of a predetermined member;
Providing two beams that are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line continuously to the thin portion;
When a predetermined frictional force and pressure are applied to the thin portion of the member, the frictional force is measured from the sum of the inclination angles of the two beams, and the frictional force is measured for each of the two beams. Measuring from the difference,
A method for simultaneously measuring frictional force and pressure. The frictional force measuring method according to claim 20, wherein the two beams are provided so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The frictional force measuring method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the two beams are made of the same material as the member.

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