JP3630753B2 - Ophthalmic measuring device - Google Patents

Ophthalmic measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3630753B2
JP3630753B2 JP03928595A JP3928595A JP3630753B2 JP 3630753 B2 JP3630753 B2 JP 3630753B2 JP 03928595 A JP03928595 A JP 03928595A JP 3928595 A JP3928595 A JP 3928595A JP 3630753 B2 JP3630753 B2 JP 3630753B2
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Prior art keywords
fixation
eye
target
examined
fixation target
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JP03928595A
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JPH08206073A (en
Inventor
益徳 河村
節夫 齋藤
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Nidek Co Ltd
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Nidek Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は眼科測定装置に係り、さらに詳しく述べれば、被検眼の固視を固定するための固視系に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
水晶体を測定する眼科測定装置としては、例えば、水晶体に向けてレーザ光を収束させて照射し、水晶体内部の分子による散乱光を検出して白内障の発生を測定する装置が知られている。
この種の装置においては、観察光学系を介して被検眼を観察しながら所期する任意の測定部位にレーザ収束光をアライメントするが、このとき被検眼の固視を固定することが重要となる。このため装置には被検者の視線を誘導するための固視目標を設け、被検者にはこれを注視させて固視を固定している。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、被検者や被検者の眼の状態によっては特定の形状の固視目標が見にくかったり、視度が合わず固視目標がはっきり見えないことがあり、固視を固定させることが困難な場合がある。被検眼の固視状態が悪いと正確な測定データが得られず、測定を繰り返して被検者に負担がかかるという問題がある。
【0004】
本発明は、上記のような欠点に鑑み案出されたもので、被検者や被検者の眼の状態に応じ、被検眼が確実に固視目標に注視できる眼科測定装置を提供することを技術課題とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を達成するために、以下のような構成を有することを特徴とする。
(1) 被検眼を検査する眼科測定装置において、被検眼に固視させるための固視視標であって、年少者用の固視視標及び乱視眼でも固視が容易な固視視標を含む複数の固視視標と、複数の固視視標のなかから被検眼に呈示する固視視標を光路上に切換え配置する切換手段と、被検眼の視度に対応させて固視視標の光学位置を変える視度調節手段と、記憶装置に記憶されている被検眼に呈示すべき固視視標及び固視視標の光学位置の情報を入力された被検者のID番号に基づいて読み出して前記切換手段及び前記視度調節手段を駆動する制御手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。図1は実施例である水晶体内部の蛋白質組成を測定する装置の概略を示す図である。
1はHe−Neのレーザ光源、2はエキスパンダレンズ、3は集光レンズであり、1〜3は水晶体内部の蛋白質組成を測定するためのレーザ照射光学系を構成する。4は被検眼、5は水晶体である。
レーザ光源1より出力されたレーザ光は、エキスパンダレンズ2によりその光束を拡げられ、集光レンズ3により、収束光束として被検眼4の水晶体5に斜め方向から照射される。
【0010】
7は固視用の視標板であり、視標板7の同一円周上には複数の種類の固視視標が配置されている。固視視標の種類としては、一般用の固視視標の外、スタ−バ−スト等乱視眼にも固視が容易な視標、子供用視標などがあり、被検者の年齢や屈折異常の種類に応じて視認しやすい視標が用意されている。8は視標板7を回転するモ−タであり、モ−タ8は固視用視標を切換え配置する。6は固視標を投影する照明光源である。照明光源6及び視標板7は投影光軸に沿って移動可能であり、その移動はモ−タ9によりなされる。10は投影レンズ、11はビームスプリッタである。本実施例では被検眼の視度調節のために照明光源6及び視標板7を移動させたが、投影レンズ10を移動するようにしても良い。6〜11は固視視標投影光学系を構成する。
【0011】
12は前眼部照明光源、13は結像レンズ、14は絞り、15はCCDカメラである。12〜15は前眼部を観察するための観察光学系を構成する。照明光源12の点灯により照明された前眼部像は、結像レンズ13及び絞り14を介してCCDカメラ15の撮像面に結像し、その撮影像はテレビモニタに映し出される。
16は結像レンズ、17はアパーチャ、18は光電変換素子であり、16〜18は散乱光検出光学系を構成する。レーザ照射光学系により水晶体5に照射されたレーザ光束は、水晶体5内の蛋白質粒子により散乱され散乱光となり、結像レンズ16により集光し、測定領域を限定するアパーチャ17を通過後、光電変換素子18に入射する。
【0012】
20はモ−タ8を駆動する駆動回路、21はモ−タ9を駆動する駆動回路である。22は画像合成回路、23は演算回路、24は制御コンピュータ、25はテレビモニタ、26は記憶装置である。27は入力装置であり、入力装置27には固視視標を選択切換えする視標選択スイッチや、照明光源6及び視標板7を移動するための視度調節スイッチ、被検者のID番号を入力するスイッチなどの各種のスイッチが設けられている。
【0013】
次に、上記装置の動作について説明する。
被検眼を所定の位置に位置させ、各光源を点灯する。照明光源6の点灯により視標板7の投影光軸上に位置する視標が被検眼に投影される。
測定に先立ち、検者は被験者が視認しやすい固視視標の種類の選択と視度調整を行う。入力装置27の視標選択スイッチにより視標を選択すると、その選択信号は制御コンピュータ24に入力され、制御コンピュータ24は駆動回路20を介してモ−タ8を駆動し選択された視標を光軸上に配置する。視度調節スイッチを操作すると、制御コンピュータ24は駆動回路21を介してモ−タ9を駆動し、スイッチにより指定された方向に照明光源6及び視標板7を移動する。検者はこれらのスイッチ操作により、固視視標の種類と視度調節位置を決定する。
【0014】
被検者が固視視標をはっきり認識できることが確認できたら、測定部位のアライメントを行う。検者は、観察光学系を介してテレビモニタ25に映し出される被検眼前眼部と水晶体5に照射されたレーザ光束を観察しながら、図示しないジョイスティック機構を操作して測定部位のアライメントを行う。このとき被検眼は固視標を確実に注視できるので視軸が安定し、検者はアライメントを容易に行うことができる。
【0015】
アライメントが完了したら、入力装置27の測定スイッチを押して測定を開始する。被検眼の水晶体5に照射されたレーザ光束は、水晶体5内の蛋白質粒子により散乱され散乱光となり、散乱光検出光学系の光電変換素子18で検出される。光電変換素子18では、入射した散乱光の強度に対応する電気信号が出力され、その信号は演算回路23に入力される。演算回路23は入力された信号に基づき、散乱光強度の時間的変動の相関関数を求め、この相関関数により制御コンピュータ24は水晶体内部の蛋白質組成の測定結果を得る。この測定については、例えば、特表平6−505650号(発明の名称「白内障の発生を検出する方法及び装置」)に記載されるように、散乱光強度の時間的変動の相関関数は、
【数1】

Figure 0003630753
の式で表され、この式中のIf(凝集していない粒子からの散乱光強度)とIs(凝集している粒子からの散乱光強度)の割合(量)から水晶体内部の蛋白質組成が算出される。
【0016】
得られた測定結果は画像合成回路22を介してテレビモニタ25に表示される。また測定結果は、被検者のID番号、選択した視標の種類及び視標の視度調節位置とともに記憶装置26に記憶される。
再測定時には、入力装置27により被検者のID番号を入力すると、制御コンピュータ24は記憶手段26に記憶されている視標の種類及び視標の視度調節位置の情報を呼び出し、モータ8、モータ9を駆動させて前回の固視標投影状態を自動的に再現する。
【0017】
以上の実施例では、視標板を回転し視標を切換えているが、視標板は視標ごとに別個に挿脱するようにしても良いし、またビ−ムスプリッタを配置して複数の視標光路を設け、照明光源の点滅制御により視標を切換えるようにしても良い。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、被検者や被検眼の屈折力状態に応じて固視標を視認しやすい視標にすることができるので、被検眼の固視状態を良くすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本実施例の装置の概略を示す構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 レーザ光源
4 被検眼
5 水晶体
6 照明光源
7 視標板
8,9 モータ
18 光電変換素子
20,21 駆動回路
23 演算回路
24 制御コンピュータ
27 入力装置 [0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic measurement apparatus, and more particularly to a fixation system for fixing the fixation of an eye to be examined.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an ophthalmologic measurement apparatus that measures a crystalline lens, for example, an apparatus that measures the occurrence of a cataract by converging and irradiating a laser beam toward the crystalline lens and detecting light scattered by molecules inside the crystalline lens.
In this type of apparatus, the laser focused light is aligned to an arbitrary measurement site that is intended while observing the eye to be examined through an observation optical system. At this time, it is important to fix the fixation of the eye to be examined. . For this reason, a fixation target for guiding the line of sight of the subject is provided in the apparatus, and the fixation is fixed by letting the subject gaze at this.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, depending on the condition of the subject and the eye of the subject, it may be difficult to see a fixation target of a specific shape, or the fixation target may not be clearly visible because the diopter does not match, making it difficult to fix the fixation There are cases. When the fixation state of the eye to be examined is poor, accurate measurement data cannot be obtained, and there is a problem that a burden is imposed on the subject by repeating the measurement.
[0004]
The present invention has been devised in view of the above-described drawbacks, and provides an ophthalmologic measurement apparatus that allows an eye to be surely focused on a fixation target according to the state of the subject or the eye of the subject. Is a technical issue.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) In an ophthalmologic measuring apparatus that examines an eye to be examined, it is a fixation target for fixing the eye to be examined, and a fixation target that is easy to fix even with a fixation target for young people and an astigmatic eye Fixation means including a plurality of fixation targets, switching means for switching the fixation target presented to the eye to be examined from among the plurality of fixation targets on the optical path, and fixation according to the diopter of the eye to be examined Diopter adjustment means for changing the optical position of the visual target, the fixation target to be presented to the eye to be examined stored in the storage device, and the ID number of the subject to whom information on the optical position of the fixation target is input And control means for driving the switching means and the diopter adjustment means.
[0009]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an apparatus for measuring the protein composition inside the lens as an example.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a He—Ne laser light source, 2 denotes an expander lens, 3 denotes a condenser lens, and 1 to 3 constitute a laser irradiation optical system for measuring the protein composition inside the lens. 4 is an eye to be examined, and 5 is a lens.
The laser beam output from the laser light source 1 is expanded in its luminous flux by the expander lens 2, and is irradiated on the crystalline lens 5 of the eye 4 to be examined from an oblique direction as a convergent luminous flux by the condenser lens 3.
[0010]
Reference numeral 7 denotes a fixation target plate. A plurality of types of fixation targets are arranged on the same circumference of the target plate 7. As the types of fixation targets, in addition to general fixation targets, there are targets that are easy to fix to astigmatic eyes such as Starburst, children's targets, etc., and the age of the subject Visual targets that are easy to see depending on the type of refractive error are prepared. Reference numeral 8 denotes a motor for rotating the target plate 7, and the motor 8 switches and arranges the fixation target. An illumination light source 6 projects a fixation target. The illumination light source 6 and the target plate 7 are movable along the projection optical axis, and the movement is performed by the motor 9. 10 is a projection lens, and 11 is a beam splitter. In this embodiment, the illumination light source 6 and the target plate 7 are moved to adjust the diopter of the eye to be examined. However, the projection lens 10 may be moved. 6 to 11 constitute a fixation target projection optical system.
[0011]
12 is an anterior ocular segment illumination light source, 13 is an imaging lens, 14 is a stop, and 15 is a CCD camera. 12 to 15 constitute an observation optical system for observing the anterior segment. The anterior segment image illuminated by lighting of the illumination light source 12 forms an image on the imaging surface of the CCD camera 15 via the imaging lens 13 and the diaphragm 14, and the captured image is displayed on a television monitor.
Reference numeral 16 denotes an imaging lens, 17 denotes an aperture, 18 denotes a photoelectric conversion element, and 16 to 18 constitute a scattered light detection optical system. The laser beam irradiated to the crystalline lens 5 by the laser irradiation optical system is scattered by protein particles in the crystalline lens 5 to be scattered light, collected by the imaging lens 16, passed through the aperture 17 that limits the measurement region, and then subjected to photoelectric conversion. Incident on the element 18.
[0012]
Reference numeral 20 denotes a drive circuit for driving the motor 8, and 21 denotes a drive circuit for driving the motor 9. Reference numeral 22 denotes an image synthesis circuit, 23 an arithmetic circuit, 24 a control computer, 25 a television monitor, and 26 a storage device. Reference numeral 27 denotes an input device. The input device 27 includes a target selection switch for selecting and switching the fixation target, a diopter adjustment switch for moving the illumination light source 6 and the target plate 7, and a subject ID number. Various switches, such as a switch for inputting, are provided.
[0013]
Next, the operation of the above apparatus will be described.
The eye to be examined is positioned at a predetermined position, and each light source is turned on. When the illumination light source 6 is turned on, a visual target positioned on the projection optical axis of the visual target plate 7 is projected onto the eye to be examined.
Prior to the measurement, the examiner selects the type of fixation target that is easily visible to the subject and adjusts the diopter. When a target is selected by the target selection switch of the input device 27, the selection signal is input to the control computer 24, and the control computer 24 drives the motor 8 via the drive circuit 20 to illuminate the selected target. Place on the axis. When the diopter adjustment switch is operated, the control computer 24 drives the motor 9 via the drive circuit 21 and moves the illumination light source 6 and the target plate 7 in the direction specified by the switch. The examiner determines the type of the fixation target and the diopter adjustment position by operating these switches.
[0014]
When it is confirmed that the subject can clearly recognize the fixation target, the measurement site is aligned. The examiner aligns the measurement site by operating a joystick mechanism (not shown) while observing the anterior eye part of the eye to be examined and the laser beam irradiated to the crystalline lens 5 displayed on the television monitor 25 through the observation optical system. At this time, since the eye to be inspected can surely focus on the fixation target, the visual axis is stabilized, and the examiner can easily perform alignment.
[0015]
When the alignment is completed, the measurement switch of the input device 27 is pressed to start measurement. The laser beam irradiated to the crystalline lens 5 of the eye to be examined is scattered by protein particles in the crystalline lens 5 to be scattered light, and is detected by the photoelectric conversion element 18 of the scattered light detection optical system. In the photoelectric conversion element 18, an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the incident scattered light is output, and the signal is input to the arithmetic circuit 23. The arithmetic circuit 23 obtains a correlation function of the temporal fluctuation of the scattered light intensity based on the input signal, and the control computer 24 obtains the measurement result of the protein composition inside the lens by this correlation function. As for this measurement, for example, as described in JP-T 6-505650 (name of invention “Method and apparatus for detecting the occurrence of cataract”), the correlation function of the temporal variation of scattered light intensity is:
[Expression 1]
Figure 0003630753
The protein composition inside the lens is calculated from the ratio (quantity) of If (scattered light intensity from non-aggregated particles) and Is (scattered light intensity from aggregated particles) in this formula. Is done.
[0016]
The obtained measurement result is displayed on the television monitor 25 via the image composition circuit 22. The measurement result is stored in the storage device 26 together with the ID number of the subject, the type of the selected target, and the diopter adjustment position of the target.
At the time of remeasurement, when the ID number of the subject is input by the input device 27, the control computer 24 calls the information on the type of the target and the diopter adjustment position of the target stored in the storage unit 26, and the motor 8, The motor 9 is driven to automatically reproduce the previous fixation target projection state.
[0017]
In the above embodiment, the target plate is switched by rotating the target plate, but the target plate may be inserted / removed separately for each target, or a plurality of beam splitters may be arranged. The target light path may be provided, and the target may be switched by the blinking control of the illumination light source.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the fixation target can be easily recognized according to the refractive power state of the subject or the eye, the fixation state of the eye to be examined is improved. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an outline of an apparatus according to an embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laser light source 4 Eye 5 to be examined 5 Crystal 6 Illumination light source 7 Target plate 8, 9 Motor 18 Photoelectric conversion element 20, 21 Drive circuit 23 Calculation circuit 24 Control computer 27 Input device

Claims (1)

被検眼を検査する眼科測定装置において、被検眼に固視させるための固視視標であって、年少者用の固視視標及び乱視眼でも固視が容易な固視視標を含む複数の固視視標と、複数の固視視標のなかから被検眼に呈示する固視視標を光路上に切換え配置する切換手段と、被検眼の視度に対応させて固視視標の光学位置を変える視度調節手段と、記憶装置に記憶されている被検眼に呈示すべき固視視標及び固視視標の光学位置の情報を入力された被検者のID番号に基づいて読み出して前記切換手段及び前記視度調節手段を駆動する制御手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする眼科測定装置。A plurality of fixation targets for fixing an eye to be examined, including fixation targets for young people and fixation targets that can be easily fixed even with astigmatic eyes The fixation target, switching means for switching the fixation target to be presented to the eye to be examined among a plurality of fixation targets on the optical path, and the fixation target corresponding to the diopter of the eye to be examined Based on the diopter adjustment means for changing the optical position, the fixation target to be presented to the eye to be examined and the optical position information of the fixation target stored in the storage device based on the input ID number of the subject. An ophthalmologic measurement apparatus comprising: control means for reading and driving the switching means and the diopter adjustment means.
JP03928595A 1995-02-02 1995-02-02 Ophthalmic measuring device Expired - Fee Related JP3630753B2 (en)

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EP1437084B1 (en) * 2001-09-07 2011-02-23 Kabushiki Kaisha TOPCON Eye optical characteristic measuring instrument
JP4537192B2 (en) 2004-12-21 2010-09-01 キヤノン株式会社 Ophthalmic equipment

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