JP3630215B2 - Video microscope - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a video microscope. More specifically, the imaging magnification of a subject can be variably and automatically set with one touch over a wide range without requiring lens replacement, and the focus is automatically set in conjunction with the same. This relates to the improvement of the video microscope.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In this type of video microscope according to the conventional example, generally, the lens system is fixed with respect to the subject, that is, a fixed focus type, and for this reason, the magnification (reduction) magnification of the captured image is configured. In order to change the lens system, it is necessary to replace the lens system itself, and it is necessary to prepare a lens system for each necessary magnification in advance.
[0003]
In addition, as one means for changing the magnification (reduction) magnification of such a captured image, a zoom lens system may be arranged, but the magnification variable range is usually relatively small, about several times, and is wide. Variable magnification over a wide range is difficult.
[0004]
On the other hand, as a solution to these, the lens barrel containing the lens system is slid and adjusted by the objective distance adjustment mechanism so that the relative objective distance between the subject and the objective side of the lens system can be adjusted. The image signal conversion unit cylinder having a two-dimensional CCD element is slid and adjusted by the focus adjustment mechanism to the lens barrel so that the required enlargement (reduction) magnification for the subject can be obtained without changing the lens. The one obtained in a wide range is also proposed as Japanese Patent No. 2509120.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above proposed method, every time the required enlargement (reduction) magnification is set and adjusted, the focus must be adjusted, and two-step operation is required. Is difficult to understand, and has the disadvantage of requiring labor.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem. The object of the present invention is to change the imaging magnification of a subject over a wide range by one-touch operation by a motor without requiring lens replacement or the like. It is to provide a video microscope of this kind that can be automatically set and can be automatically set by a motor drive in conjunction with the focus.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a video microscope according to the present invention has a mechanism for internally slidingly adjusting a lens barrel in which a lens system is built and an illumination light of a subject is arranged with respect to an observation stand facing the subject. The motor that integrally drives the position sensor that detects the position enables the object distance between the subject and the objective principal point of the lens system to be driven and adjusted, and it slides inside the lens barrel. The subject and the two-dimensional CCD element are driven by a motor that integrally drives a mechanism that slides and adjusts the video signal conversion unit cylinder including the two-dimensional CCD element with respect to the observation stand and a position sensor that detects the position. The image magnification at the time of focusing can be adjusted by using a separate image magnification setting unit and arithmetic control unit. The objective distance and the subject imaging distance are set by calculating and controlling the objective distance adjustment driving motor and the subject imaging distance adjustment driving motor so that the following relational expressions (1) to (3) are always satisfied. The object distance (a) and subject imaging distance (L) corresponding to the image magnification are automatically adjusted and set.
1 / a + 1 / b = 1 / f (1) Formula (basic formula)
a = f + f / m (2) Formula L = f (2 + 1 / m + m) + t (3) Formula f: Focal length of lens system a: Objective distance (object to lens system objective Distance to side principal point)
b: Imaging distance (distance from the principal point on the imaging side of the lens system to the two-dimensional CCD surface)
m = b / a: imaging magnification of the lens system (imaging size / subject size)
L = a + b + t: subject imaging distance (distance from subject to two-dimensional CCD surface)
t: lens thickness (distance between objective and principal points of the lens system)
[0008]
That is, the present invention derives the expressions (2) and (3) from the basic formula of the convex lens: 1 / a + 1 / b = 1 / f, and the arithmetic and control unit controls the objective distance adjustment drive motor and subject imaging distance. A video microscope configured to automatically adjust and set the objective distance (a) and subject imaging distance (L) corresponding to a set imaging magnification by driving and controlling an adjustment driving motor. It is.
[0009]
[Action]
Therefore, in the present invention, the object distance (a) is controlled by the object distance adjustment drive motor, and the object image formation distance (L) is controlled by the object image formation distance adjustment drive motor. Each motor is automatically set to a position where a predetermined magnification and focus are matched simultaneously by an arithmetic control device that performs arithmetic control based on the magnification setting signal and the position detection signals of the objective distance position detection sensor and the subject imaging distance position detection sensor. A sharp image can be projected and imaged onto the two-dimensional CCD element with the desired enlargement (reduction) magnification set.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a video microscope according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0011]
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are front and plan views showing the appearance and internal mechanism arrangement of a video microscope to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 3 is an internal mechanism at the line AA in FIG. FIG.
[0012]
1 to 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a cylindrical observation stand that is fixedly placed for observing an enlarged (reduced) image of the subject 1, and 21 denotes an axial direction. A lens system, here a lens barrel having an objectively acting convex lens 22 arranged at one end on the imaging optical path, is placed at a required position on the imaging optical path corresponding to the convex lens 22 in the opened one end. A two-dimensional CCD element 32 is provided, and a drive circuit 33 for the two-dimensional CCD element 32 is built therein. Further, a drive / control signal of the drive circuit 33 is input to the other end and processed by the drive circuit 33. This is a video signal converter cylinder provided with a cable connector 34 for outputting a video signal or the like.
The observation stand 11 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter capable of receiving the subject 1 in one end opening, and the lens barrel 21 is inscribed in a relatively dense state from the other end opening side. A ring-shaped illumination light 23 for illuminating the subject 1 is fixed around the tip of the lens barrel 21 and is slidably inserted along the direction. Between the lens barrel 21, an objective distance adjusting mechanism 12 for adjusting the relative objective distance between the subject 1 and the convex lens 22 received in one end opening, and for detecting the objective distance An objective distance position detection sensor 13 and an objective distance adjustment drive motor 14 for driving them are provided.
[0014]
The illumination light 23 is not necessarily in the form of a ring or a lamp as long as the subject 1 can be effectively illuminated, and may be a method of bringing in from an external light source using an optical fiber or the like. Although it may be fixed to the observation stand 11, fixing to the lens barrel 21 is more effective in that the subject brightness corresponding to the magnification can be obtained.
[0015]
Here, as the objective distance adjusting mechanism 12, for example, a pinion 25 with respect to a rack 24 attached to a side surface of the lens barrel 21 is rotated by the objective distance adjusting drive motor 14, so that the observation stand 11 is attached. On the other hand, the lens barrel 21 is moved up and down. The objective distance adjustment drive motor 14 is a DC forward / reverse rotation type and preferably has a built-in speed reduction mechanism.
Again with respect to the lens barrel 21, the video signal conversion section cylinder 31 is inscribed in a relatively dense state from the opening of the other end so as to be slidable along the axial direction. A relative subject imaging distance between the subject 1 and the imaging surface of the two-dimensional CCD element 32 is adjusted between the observation stand 11 and the video signal conversion unit cylinder 31. A subject imaging distance adjustment mechanism 15 for detecting the subject imaging distance, a subject imaging distance position detection sensor 16 for detecting the subject imaging distance, and a subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor 17 for driving them.
[0017]
Here, as the subject imaging distance adjustment mechanism 15, for example, a rack 35 attached to the side surface of the video signal conversion unit cylinder 31 is formed in a slit shape provided on the same side surface of the lens barrel 21. A state of being viewed through a window and slidably inserted along the axial direction, meshed with the pinion 36, and rotated by the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor 17, whereby the observation stand 11 is moved. Thus, the video signal conversion unit cylinder 31 moves up and down while sliding on the lens barrel 21. In addition, the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor 17 is also a DC forward / reverse rotation type here and preferably has a built-in speed reduction mechanism.
[0018]
The objective distance adjustment mechanism 12 and the subject imaging distance adjustment mechanism 15 also rotate the objective distance adjustment drive motor 14 and the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor 17 to rotate the lens barrel 21 and the video signal conversion unit. Any mechanism may be used as long as the cylinders 31 individually move up and down, for example, by rotation of a helicoid cylinder, and if necessary, a bevel gear or an ohm gear between the motor and the pinion. Etc. may be used.
[0019]
The objective distance position detection sensor 13 and the subject imaging distance position detection sensor 16 use, for example, a slide-type variable resistor, and the slide knobs 26 and 37 are respectively connected to the lens barrel 21 and the video signal. It is connected to the conversion unit cylinder 31 so that a resistance change output can be obtained for each vertical movement.
[0020]
FIG. 4 shows a series of configurations in which the objective distance adjustment drive motor 14 and the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor 17 in the present invention are driven and controlled by the arithmetic and control unit 41, and FIG. An example of the circuit configuration is shown.
[0021]
In FIG. 4, reference numeral 42 denotes the video magnification setting device that outputs the video magnification setting signal 43 (m) to the arithmetic control device 41, and the arithmetic control device 41 includes the objective distance position detection sensor 13. Objective distance position detection signal 44 (a) and the subject image formation distance position detection signal 45 (L) from the object image formation distance position detection sensor 16 are input, and the arithmetic and control unit 41 calculates the relational expression (2). The objective distance adjusting drive motor 14 and the subject imaging distance adjusting drive motor 17 are driven and set so as to always satisfy the expressions (3) and (3). Reference numeral 47 denotes a focus fine adjuster.
[0022]
In FIG. 5, a slide type variable resistor is used as the objective distance position detection sensor 13 and the subject imaging distance position detection sensor 16, and reference numerals 46 and 46a denote the objective distance adjustment drive motor 14 and the subject. Each voltage signal for driving and controlling the imaging distance adjustment drive motor 17 rotates positively or reversely according to the sign of plus or minus, and satisfies the above relational expressions (2) and (3) Correspondingly, the circuit is designed so that the voltage signal becomes zero and the motors are individually stopped, and the focus fine adjuster 47 is a double-type variable resistor, thereby finely adjusting the focus. The circuit is designed so that the magnification does not fluctuate from time to time, and the image magnification setting device 42 is a multi-circuit multi-contact switching device 49. The circuit design is set by the voltage setting circuits 48 and 48a so that the objective distance position detection signal 44 (a) and the subject imaging distance position detection signal 45 (L) have values corresponding to the respective set magnifications. ing. Further, it is also used as a magnification display setting signal for an enlarged (reduced) video superimpose screen using a spare switch circuit.
[0023]
FIG. 5 shows an example of analog servo control. For example, as the objective distance position detection sensor 13 and the subject imaging distance position detection sensor 16, a rotary digital encoder or a digital position detection sensor such as a magnet scale is used. The objective distance adjustment drive motor 14 and the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor 17 are also used by using a digital switch having the necessary number of digits as the magnification setting device and using a microcomputer or a personal computer as an arithmetic and control unit. Similarly, a method of controlling digital computation may be used. In this case, a pulse motor may be used as the objective distance adjustment drive motor 14 and the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor 17.
[0024]
Therefore, in the configuration of the video microscope according to the above-described embodiment, the lens barrel 21 and the video signal conversion unit cylinder 31 are respectively set by simply setting the video magnification setting unit 42 to an arbitrary magnification. At the same time, a predetermined motor and a focus position are quickly and automatically set individually by a driving motor to obtain a clear image. Further, the circuit configuration of FIG. 5 includes all or a part (for example, only the image magnification setting unit 42 and the focus fine adjustment unit 47) built in and installed in the mechanism unit main body shown in FIGS. The operability can also be improved.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail in each of the embodiments, according to the present invention, the objective distance drive adjustment motor automatically controls the objective distance (a) based on the relational expression (2), so that the subject imaging distance adjustment drive is performed. The object imaging distance (L) is automatically controlled by a motor based on the relational expression (3). This is a magnification setting signal of an image magnification setting device, an objective distance position detection sensor, and an object imaging distance position detection sensor. Each motor is automatically adjusted and set to the position where the predetermined magnification and the focus are matched at the same time by a calculation control device that receives and controls the position detection signal of this position. As a result, one-touch and quick automatic The image of the subject can be easily imaged by clearly projecting it onto the two-dimensional CCD element at the set desired enlargement (reduction) magnification. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare each desired lens system in advance as in the past, and to replace each lens system once for each change, and also to change the magnification and focus each time. However, there is an excellent feature that an enlarged (reduced) image of a subject over a very wide range can be easily observed with one touch without requiring an adjustment operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of a part of a video microscope to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is an internal perspective plan view of the video microscope.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a system around a motor arithmetic control of a video microscope to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a specific implementation of FIG. 4;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Subject 11 Observation stand 12 Objective distance adjustment mechanism 13 Objective distance position detection sensor 14 Objective distance adjustment drive motor 15 Subject imaging distance adjustment mechanism 16 Subject imaging distance position detection sensor 17 Subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor 21 Lens barrel 22 Convex lens 23 Illumination light 24 Rack 24 Rack 25 Pinion 26 Sliding knob 31 Video signal converter cylinder 32 Two-dimensional CCD element 33 Drive circuit, etc. 34 Cable connector 35 Rack 36 Pinion 37 Sliding knob 41 Arithmetic control device 42 Video magnification setting 43 (m) Image magnification setting signal 44 (a) Object distance position detection signal 45 (L) Subject imaging distance position detection signal 46 Voltage signal 46a Voltage signal 47 Focus fine adjuster 48 Voltage setting circuit 48a Voltage setting circuit 49 Circuit multi-contact switch

Claims (3)

An observation stand with one end opening facing the subject, and a lens mirror that is slidably inserted into the other end opening side of the observation stand by arranging a lens system at one end on the imaging optical path with respect to the subject A tube,
An illumination light fixed around the tip of the lens barrel facing the subject, a two-dimensional CCD element and its drive circuit, etc. are arranged at a required position corresponding to the lens system, and the lens barrel A video signal converter cylinder that is slidably inserted into the end opening, and
Between the observation stand and the lens barrel, an objective distance adjusting mechanism for adjusting the objective distance between the subject and the objective principal point of the lens system, and an objective distance position detection sensor for detecting the objective distance are provided. An objective distance adjustment drive motor fixed to the observation stand so as to drive them,
A subject imaging distance adjustment mechanism that adjusts a subject imaging distance between the subject and the imaging surface of the two-dimensional CCD element is detected between the observation stand and the video signal conversion unit cylinder, and the subject imaging distance is detected. An object image formation distance position detection sensor, and an object image formation distance adjustment drive motor fixed to the observation stand so as to drive them;
The objective distance set by setting the magnification of the image, the objective distance adjustment drive motor, and the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor, which are installed outside or inside the observation stand, respectively, and the objective distance adjustment drive motor. And a calculation control device for setting the subject imaging distance to a predetermined position,
Upon receiving the video magnification setting signal from the video magnification setting device, the position detection signal of the objective distance position detection sensor, and the position detection signal of the subject imaging distance position detection sensor, the output of the arithmetic and control unit outputs the objective The objective distance adjustment drive motor and the subject image formation distance adjustment drive motor are arranged so that the distance and the subject image formation distance become a predetermined position corresponding to the image magnification of the image magnification setting signal from the image magnification setting device. A video microscope characterized in that each is individually driven at the same time and is automatically adjusted based on a predetermined relational expression. Observation stand with one end facing the subject and the above A lens barrel disposed at one end of the imaging optical path with respect to the subject and slidably inserted into the other end opening of the observation stand;
  An illumination light fixed around the tip of the lens barrel facing the subject, a two-dimensional CCD element and its drive circuit, etc. are arranged at a required position corresponding to the lens system, and the lens barrel A video signal converter cylinder that is slidably inserted into the end opening, and
  Between the observation stand and the lens barrel, an objective distance adjustment mechanism that adjusts the objective distance between the subject and the objective principal point of the lens system, and one of the detection units for detecting the objective distance An objective distance adjustment drive motor which is provided with an objective distance position detection sensor which is locked to the observation stand and the other is locked to the lens barrel, and which drives these;
  A subject imaging distance adjustment mechanism for adjusting a subject imaging distance between the subject and the imaging surface of the two-dimensional CCD element is detected between the observation stand and the video signal conversion unit cylinder, and the subject imaging distance is detected. For this purpose, an object imaging distance position detection sensor in which one of the detection units is locked to the observation stand and the other is locked to the video signal conversion unit cylinder is provided to drive the subject imaging. A distance adjustment drive motor;
  The objective distance set by setting the magnification of the image, the objective distance adjustment drive motor, and the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor, which are installed outside or inside the observation stand, respectively, and the objective distance adjustment drive motor. And a calculation control device for setting the subject imaging distance to a predetermined position,
  Upon receiving the video magnification setting signal from the video magnification setting device, the position detection signal of the objective distance position detection sensor, and the position detection signal of the subject imaging distance position detection sensor, the output of the arithmetic and control unit outputs the objective The objective distance adjustment drive motor and the subject image formation distance adjustment drive motor are arranged so that the distance and the subject image formation distance become a predetermined position corresponding to the image magnification of the image magnification setting signal from the image magnification setting device. A video microscope characterized in that each is individually driven at the same time and is automatically adjusted based on a predetermined relational expression. An observation stand with one end opening facing the subject, and a lens system arranged at one end on the imaging optical path with respect to the subject, A lens barrel slidably inserted into the other end opening side;
  An illumination light fixed around the tip of the lens barrel facing the subject, a two-dimensional CCD element and its drive circuit, etc. are arranged at a required position corresponding to the lens system, and the lens barrel A video signal converter cylinder that is slidably inserted into the end opening, and
  Between the observation stand and the lens barrel, an objective distance adjusting mechanism for adjusting the objective distance between the subject and the objective principal point of the lens system, and an objective distance position detection sensor for detecting the objective distance are provided. And an objective distance adjustment drive motor that drives these,
  A subject imaging distance adjustment mechanism that adjusts a subject imaging distance between the subject and the imaging surface of the two-dimensional CCD element is detected between the observation stand and the video signal conversion unit cylinder, and the subject imaging distance is detected. A subject imaging distance position detection sensor, and a subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor configured to drive these sensors;
  The objective distance set by setting the magnification of the image, the objective distance adjustment drive motor, and the subject imaging distance adjustment drive motor, which are installed outside or inside the observation stand, respectively, and the objective distance adjustment drive motor. And a calculation control device for setting the subject imaging distance to a predetermined position,
  Upon receiving the video magnification setting signal from the video magnification setting device, the position detection signal of the objective distance position detection sensor, and the position detection signal of the subject imaging distance position detection sensor, the output of the arithmetic and control unit outputs the objective The objective distance adjustment drive motor and the subject image formation distance adjustment drive motor are arranged so that the distance and the subject image formation distance become a predetermined position corresponding to the image magnification of the image magnification setting signal from the image magnification setting device. The objective distance adjustment drive motor and the objective distance adjustment drive motor are arranged inside the observation stand that separates the outside. The video microscope is arranged outside the video signal conversion unit cylinder.

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