JP3628460B2 - Waterproof paper - Google Patents
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- JP3628460B2 JP3628460B2 JP32278996A JP32278996A JP3628460B2 JP 3628460 B2 JP3628460 B2 JP 3628460B2 JP 32278996 A JP32278996 A JP 32278996A JP 32278996 A JP32278996 A JP 32278996A JP 3628460 B2 JP3628460 B2 JP 3628460B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、耐水紙及びこれを用いてなる耐水段ボール箱に関し、詳しくは、青果物や水産物等に用いられる耐水紙及びこれを用いてなる耐水段ボール箱に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年の環境保護の面から、青果物や水産物等に使用される包装容器は、リサイクルが容易でない発泡スチロール箱から、リサイクルが容易な段ボールへの転換が望まれている。
【0003】
また、ブロッコリ等の野菜やりんご等の果実等の青果物等は、鮮度維持が要求されており、この鮮度を保持するため、近年、収穫直後から冷蔵貯蔵したり、出荷直前に予冷することが増えている。
【0004】
段ボール箱に充填された青果物等を低温貯蔵や予冷する際、使用される冷蔵庫等の冷蔵設備内の湿度は高い場合が多く、ここに上記の青果物等が充填された段ボール箱を入れると、段ボール箱の水分が高くなり、耐圧強度が低下する。これに加え、上記の段ボール箱内部は、青果物等の蒸散によって湿度が高くなって、飽和状態になりやすく、これも耐圧強度を低下させる要因となる。
【0005】
このような状態で、出荷のために上記段ボール箱を冷蔵庫等の冷蔵設備から外に出すと、この外気と内容品の温度差によって、段ボール箱内面に結露が生じやすい。また、流通の過程において、冷蔵設備と外界とを往復させると、上記の結露がより多く生ずることとなる。段ボール箱の内面に結露を生じると段ボール箱を構成する段ボール紙が濡れ、耐圧強度等の段ボール箱の強度が著しく低下し、この段ボール箱を積み重ねたとき、箱が壊れて荷崩れする原因となる。
【0006】
これに対し、段ボールのライナ表面にポリエチレン等のプラスチックフィルムやアルミ箔等の金属箔を積層した耐水段ボール、製紙段階で耐水剤を内添させた原紙を用いる耐水段ボール、段ボールのライナ表面にワックスを塗工した耐水段ボール、又は段ボールのライナ等にワックスを含浸させた耐水段ボール等が知られている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、プラスチックフィルムや金属箔を積層した耐水段ボールやワックスを塗工した耐水段ボールの紙内部は耐水性を有さないので、段ボール箱の端部や切り込み部から水が侵入すると圧縮強さ等の強度が著しく低下する。一方、段ボール抄造時に添加できる耐水剤の量には限度があり、耐水剤を内添させた原紙を用いても十分な耐水性が得られない問題があった。また、ワックスを含浸した耐水段ボール箱は、十分な耐水性を得るためには非常に多くのワックスを含浸させる必要があるので極めて生産性が悪く、コストも高い。
【0008】
しかも、プラスチックフィルムや金属箔は製紙原料として異物であるし、また、ワックスは再生時の離解性を阻害する要因である。そのため、これらはいずれも古紙としては不適であり、リサイクルが困難であるという問題点を有する。
【0009】
そこで、この発明の課題は、紙が結露等の水分と接触しても強度の低下を抑制し、湿潤時の圧縮強さ等の強度を高めると共に、リサイクルを容易にした紙を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するため、この発明は、抄造時に耐水剤を添加してなる耐水剤含有紙の少なくとも片面に、ワックス又はワックスと合成高分子樹脂からなる塗工層を形成したものである。
【0011】
耐水剤を紙中に含有させて紙内部の耐水性を向上させた後、ワックス又はワックスと合成高分子樹脂を含む耐水剤を塗工して、紙表層の撥水性を高めると共に耐水性を向上させたので、湿潤時の圧縮強さ等の強度を高めることができ、紙の端部が水と接触しても強度を維持できる。
【0012】
また、上記塗工層をワックスと合成高分子樹脂の比が固形分で95:5〜65:35の混合液を用いて形成することができ、さらに、この混合液を上記耐水剤含有紙の表層に撥水剤からなる塗工層を形成したものに塗工することができる。
【0013】
この場合は、撥水剤の塗工層によりワックスと合成高分子樹脂が表層部に均等に拡がり耐水性向上により効果的となる。
【0014】
抄造時の耐水剤の添加量を多くする必要がないので紙自体の性能の低下や生産性の低下、汚れ等の抄造時でのマシントラブル等を抑制することができる。さらにまた、この紙やこの紙を使用した段ボール箱を再生利用する際にも離解性が良好となり、リサイクルが容易となる。
【0015】
抄造時に耐水剤を添加してなる耐水剤含有紙の少なくとも片面に、ワックスエマルジョン、又はワックスエマルジョン及び合成高分子樹脂エマルジョンの混合液を塗工し、加熱乾燥することにより、ワックス又はワックスと合成高分子樹脂の塗工層を形成させる方法を用いた。
【0016】
耐水剤含有紙に耐水剤を塗工しようとすると、エマルジョン型等の水系耐水剤は弾かれるため、有効な塗工ができないと考えられがちであるが、ワックスを含有する耐水剤を用いたので、たとえエマルジョン型の耐水剤であっても、塗工して加熱することにより、ワックスが溶融して一部紙中に浸透すると共に、紙表面にも均一な皮膜を形成させることができ、紙全体として耐水性を向上させることが可能となった。
【0017】
さらに、ワックスエマルジョンに含まれる界面活性剤は、上記の加熱乾燥時にエマルジョン中の水分が蒸発しても、そのまま残留する。このため、古紙再生の際に、離解するために水中で攪拌するとき、この界面活性剤が水分をトラップして離解を促進し、リサイクルを容易にする。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施形態を説明する。
【0019】
この発明にかかる耐水紙は、抄造時に耐水剤を添加してなる耐水剤含有紙の少なくとも片面に、ワックス又はワックスと合成高分子樹脂を含むコート剤により塗工層を形成したものである。
【0020】
上記の抄造時に添加される耐水剤は、通常、抄紙前のパルプ懸濁液に添加する内添耐水剤であり、湿潤紙力増強剤を用いることができる。このような湿潤紙力増強剤として、尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、メラミン−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、エポキシ化ポリアミド樹脂、グリオキザール化ポリアクリルアミド樹脂、ポリエチレンイミン樹脂、ジアルデヒドでんぷん等をあげることができる。
【0021】
この耐水剤の添加量は、使用するパルプの種類、薬剤の種類や目的とする耐水性能により異なるが、対パルプ0.2〜2重量%(固形分換算)であり、好ましくは0.5〜1重量%である。
【0022】
上記耐水剤を添加してなる耐水剤含有紙に、さらに撥水剤の塗工層を形成させたものは好ましく使用することができる。この撥水剤としては、石油樹脂、石油系ワックス、ロジン変性マレイン酸樹脂、スチレン変性マレイン酸樹脂、アクリル樹脂、スチレン変性アクリル樹脂等の水溶液やエマルジョンがあげられる。
【0023】
この撥水剤の添加量は、薬剤の種類や目的とする撥水度により異なるが、通常0.5〜1g/m2 (固形分)である。加工方法は、耐水剤含有紙を抄造する場合にサイズプレスやカレンダーで加工するオンマシン加工や、一旦抄造した後にロールコーター等で加工するオフマシン加工を任意に選ぶことができる。
【0024】
また、この撥水剤を塗工した撥水性耐水剤含有紙にワックスと合成高分子樹脂を含むコート剤により塗工層を形成させると、撥水加工をしていない耐水剤含有紙よりも少ない塗工量で同等の耐水性を得ることができる。
【0025】
さらに、上記の耐水剤含有紙には、上記以外の乾燥紙力増強剤、サイズ剤や充填剤等の通常の抄造に使用される製紙用薬品をこの発明の効果を損ねない程度に使用できる。
【0026】
上記耐水剤を添加して得られた耐水剤含有紙の少なくとも片面に形成される塗工層は、ワックスエマルジョン又はワックスエマルジョンと合成高分子樹脂エマルジョンの混合液からなるコート剤を塗工し、加熱乾燥することにより形成される。すなわち、この塗工層はワックス又はワックスと合成高分子樹脂、及びエマルジョンを形成するための界面活性剤からなる。
【0027】
この塗工層は、上記のように加熱乾燥することにより、ワックス又はワックスと合成高分子樹脂等の一部が上記耐水剤含有紙に浸透し形成された浸透層と、一部が上記耐水剤含有紙表面で成膜した皮膜層からなる。
【0028】
上記ワックスエマルジョンは、パラフィンワックス、マイクロクリスタリンワックス、ポリエチレンワックス等のワックス1種又はこれら2種以上の混合物に、乳化剤(すなわち、界面活性剤)を添加した水系分散剤である。これらの中でも、コストと性能のバランスがとれているパラフィンワックスが好ましい。
【0029】
上記合成高分子樹脂エマルジョンは、アクリル系樹脂、合成ゴム系樹脂、酢酸ビニル系樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂、塩化ビニリデン系樹脂等の樹脂1種又はこれら2種以上の混合物に、乳化剤(すなわち、界面活性剤)を添加した水系分散体である。上記アクリル系樹脂としては、アクリル酸エステル系樹脂、スチレン−アクリル系樹脂、エチレン−アクリル系樹脂等の樹脂があげられる。また、合成ゴム系樹脂としては、メチルメタクリレート−ブタジエン系樹脂、スチレン−ブタジエン系樹脂等があげられる。これらの中でも、合成ゴム系樹脂やアルキル系樹脂は、耐水剤含有紙への耐水性付与が良好なので好ましい。
【0030】
上記ワックス又は合成高分子樹脂のエマルジョンに含まれる界面活性剤の種類は、ワックス又は合成高分子樹脂をエマルジョン化できるものであれば特に限定しないが、含有量はワックス又は合成高分子樹脂に対し、1〜10重量%(固形分換算)が好ましい。1重量%未満では、エマルジョン化することが困難であると共に、離解性を損ねる傾向があり、10重量%を超えると耐水性を損ねる傾向がある。
【0031】
上記ワックスエマルジョンと合成高分子樹脂エマルジョンの混合割合は、固形分換算で、ワックスエマルジョン:合成高分子樹脂エマルジョン=95:5〜65:35(重量比)が好ましい。
【0032】
これらのエマルジョンを上記耐水剤含有紙や撥水性耐水剤含有紙に塗工すると、耐水剤や撥水剤によって弾かれるが、塗工後の加熱乾燥工程で、上記エマルジョン中のワックスが溶融し、耐水剤含有紙表面に均一に拡散し、一部は浸透し、一部は皮膜を形成する。このため、上記塗工層中にワックスは必須である。また、上記の固形分がワックス分100%であっても、湿潤時の紙の破裂強さや圧縮強さ等の強度を高め、耐水効果を発揮する。さらに、上記ワックスに上記合成高分子樹脂を加えると、湿潤時の強度をより高めることができ、より高い耐水効果をもたらす。このとき、上記ワックスは、上記合成高分子樹脂を耐水剤含有紙内部に浸透させる役割と共に紙表面に均一に拡散させる役割、すなわち、上記合成高分子樹脂のビヒクルとしても働く。ワックスエマルジョンと合成高分子樹脂エマルジョンの混合液中の固形分に対し合成高分子樹脂固形分が35重量%を超えると、耐水剤含有紙に含浸するワックスの量が低下し、それに伴いビヒクルとしての作用が低下し、上記合成高分子樹脂が紙表面に均一に広がりにくくなる。
【0033】
上記ワックスエマルジョン又はワックスエマルジョンと合成高分子樹脂エマルジョンの混合液には、印刷適性や加工適性を上げるため、通常の水性塗料や水性インキに使用されている助剤、すなわち、消泡剤、粘度調整剤、防滑剤、乾燥調整剤等をこの発明の効果を損なわない程度に添加してもよい。
【0034】
上記エマルジョンの紙に対する塗工量は、得ようとする耐水性に合わせ任意であるが、固形分として2〜10g/m2 の範囲が好ましい。塗工量が2g/m2 未満では、紙表面に均一な塗工層を形成することが困難で、十分な耐水性を与えることができない場合がある。一方、通常の塗工装置で一度に固形分で10g/m2 を超えて塗工することは難しく、また、塗工量が10g/m2 を超えても塗工量に見合うだけの大幅な耐水性向上は望みにくい。
【0035】
次に、上記塗工層を耐水剤含有紙に設ける方法を述べる。
【0036】
抄造時に耐水剤を添加してなる上記の耐水剤含有紙の少なくとも片面に、上記ワックスエマルジョン、又は上記ワックスエマルジョン及び合成高分子樹脂エマルジョンの混合液を塗工する。次いで、塗工したワックスの融点以上、溶融温度+150℃以下の範囲で加熱乾燥し、エマルジョン中の水分を除去する。塗工時は、耐水剤含有紙中の耐水剤あるいは上記の任意の内添剤や塗工剤により上記エマルジョンは弾かれる場合があるが、加熱乾燥すると、上記エマルジョンの水分が蒸発するにつれ、上記エマルジョン中の残存分であるワックスや合成高分子樹脂等が耐水剤含有紙の表面に均一に拡散し、一部は浸透して浸透層を、一部は表面で皮膜層を形成する。
【0037】
この塗工は、抄紙時、すなわち、抄紙機オンマシン塗工でも、抄紙後、すなわち、オフマシン塗工のいずれでもよく、塗工する量や生産量等により任意の方法を選択できる。
【0038】
このような塗工装置としては、通常の塗工や印刷に用いられている装置であればいずれも使用することができ、例えば、オンマシン塗工装置としては、サイズプレス、ロッドコーター等、オフマシン塗工装置としては、ロールコーター、グラビアコーター、ブレードコーター、ロッドコーター等のコーターがあげられる。
【0039】
上記塗工後の加熱乾燥工程に用いられる乾燥機としては、塗工装置と同様に通常の塗工や印刷に用いられているものが使用でき、具体的には、シリンダー型(ドラム型)乾燥機、熱風式乾燥機等があげられる。
【0040】
上記の塗工層を形成した耐水剤含有紙は、段ボールライナやその他板紙等任意の用途に使用することができる。例えば、段ボールライナとして使用すると、段ボールとして組み立てたときに、その表面に耐水効果を発揮させることができ、耐水性を有する耐水段ボール箱を得ることができる。
【0041】
また、この塗工層を形成した耐水剤含有紙は、抄造時添加の耐水剤の作用に加え、ワックス又はワックスと合成高分子樹脂の浸透層と皮膜層を有し、湿潤状態における破裂強さや圧縮強さ等の強度が高いので、結露等によって紙の端部から水が侵入したり紙表面が濡れても、強度低下が抑制されて紙としての機能を維持する。すなわち、耐水効果を発揮する。
【0042】
さらに、古紙として再生するときは、上記の浸透層と皮膜層の中に界面活性剤が含まれていることから水をトラップしやすく、離解がより容易となる。このため、リサイクルを容易とする。
【0043】
【実施例】
以下、この発明の実施例について示す。
【0044】
耐水剤含有紙の抄造
耐水剤として日本PMC社製:WS−500をパルプ乾燥重量に対し1重量%添加し、定法にしたがって抄造し、これに撥水剤として日本PMC社製:WR−984をロールコーターを用い、固形分で0.5g/m2 となるように塗工して耐水段ボールライナA(坪量280g/m2 )を製造した。なお、上記撥水加工を施していないものを耐水段ボールライナA’とする。さらに、耐水剤として日本PMC社製:DS−423をパルプ乾燥重量に対し0.7重量%添加し、定法にしたがって抄造し、これに撥水剤として日本PMC社製:WR−984をロールコーターを用い、固形分で0.5g/m2 となるように塗工して耐水板紙B(坪量280g/m2 )を製造した。
【0045】
〔実施例1〜8〕
上記耐水段ボールライナA、耐水段ボールライナA’又は耐水板紙Bの片面に、表1に示すような混合比のワックスエマルジョン又はワックスエマルジョンと合成高分子樹脂エマルジョンの混合液を塗工速度約80m/分のロールコーターで塗工量が表1に示すような塗工量となるように塗工し、120〜130℃の熱風乾燥機により30秒加熱乾燥して耐水紙を得た。
【0046】
なお、表1に示すワックスエマルジョンとして、マイケルマン社のCoating 3000(固形分:65重量%)、合成高分子エマルジョンの内、合成ゴム系エマルジョンとして旭化成工業社のXA−6661(固形分:45重量%)、アクリル系エマルジョンとしてヘキスト合成社のLA−723B1(固形分:40重量%)を用いた。
【0047】
〔比較例1〜6〕
比較例1として耐水段ボールライナA、比較例2として耐水段ボールライナA’、比較例3として耐水板紙B、比較例4として上記塗工法により耐水段ボールライナAに合成ゴム系エマルジョンのみを塗工したもの、比較例5として上記塗工法により耐水段ボールライナAにアクリル系エマルジョンのみを塗工したもの、比較例6として耐水剤を添加することなく抄造した一般段ボールライナC(坪量280g/m2 )に上記合成ゴム系エマルジョンを2回塗工したものを製造した。
【0048】
なお、比較例6においては、1回目の塗工は固形分が3g/m2 となるように塗工できたが、2回目は1回目で形成させた耐水塗工層の上にエマルジョンを塗工するため弾き、固形分で1.5g/m2 しか塗工できなかった。
【0049】
実施例1〜8、比較例1〜6で製造したものについて、下記の方法による評価試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
【0050】
〔評価項目と実験方法〕
ブロッキング性
5×5cm角の試験体を複数枚作成し、塗工面同士が接触するように重ね合わせ、250kgf/m2 の荷重をかけ、高温多湿(40℃、90%RH)下に24時間放置する。その後、手で試験体を剥がし、表面状態を目視し、次の基準で判定した。
○ 全くブロッキングなし
△ 一部ブロッキング有り
× ブロッキング有り。
【0051】
圧縮強さ保持率
JIS P8111(試験用紙の前処理)に従って前処理した試料から、JIS P8126(板紙の圧縮強さ試験方法:リングクラッシュ法)に従い、圧縮強さ(Dry RC強さ)を求めた。また、試験片を20℃の水に3分間浸漬し、その後過剰な水をろ紙で拭き取った後、圧縮強さ(Wet RC強さ)を求めた。圧縮強さ保持率を次式により求めた。
圧縮強さ保持率(%) =(Wet RC強さ(kgf) ÷Dry RC強さ(kgf) )× 100 。
【0052】
離解性
5×5cm角に断裁した試験体24g(絶乾)を30℃の水2リットルで、JIS P8209(パルプ試験用手すき紙調製方法)で用いる標準離解機で15分間離解した。離解後、分散液中の繊維の解繊状態を観察する。また、離解した分散液から坪量60g/m2 の手すき紙を調製する。分散液の解繊状態と手すき紙の繊維の分散状態を目視し、次の基準で判定した。
◎ 完全に離解されている
○ ほぼ離解されている
△ 細かい未離解物が残留している
× 大きな未離解物が残留している
【0053】
【表1】
【0054】
〔実施例9〕
実施例1で抄造した段ボールライナAを表裏ライナとし、日本PMC社のDS−423をパルプ乾燥重量に対し、0.7重量%添加し、定法に従って抄造した板紙(坪量200g/m2 )を中芯として用い、上記各塗工層が段ボールの表面側になるように貼合し、Aフルート両面段ボールを製造した。
【0055】
〔実施例10、比較例7〜8〕
実施例3、比較例1及び比較例4で製造した段ボールライナを表裏ライナとして用いた以外は実施例9と同様に段ボールを製造した。
【0056】
実施例9〜10及び比較例7〜8で製造した段ボールについて、JIS Z0401(段ボールの圧縮強さ試験方法)に従って標準状態及び浸水3分後の垂直圧縮強さを測定した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0057】
さらに、これらの段ボールを原料としてフレキソフォルダーグルアで3色印刷と製函を行い段ボール箱を製造した。箱の寸法は、L×W×H=450×360×200mmで、形式はJIS Z1057、コードNo.0201である。これらの箱をJIS Z0212(包装貨物及び容器の圧縮試験方法)に従い圧縮強さを測定した。また、JIS Z0216(包装貨物及び容器の散水試験方法)に従って1時間の散水を行った後、上記と同様に圧縮強さを測定した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0058】
【表2】
【0059】
〔実施例11、比較例9〕
実施例9及び比較例7で製造した段ボール箱に10kgの氷を詰めたポリ袋を充填後封緘し、環境温度1℃、85%RHで一晩放置した。その後、環境温度を1時間かけて30℃、85%RHにし、更に同環境下で1時間放置し、強制的に結露を生じさせた。次いで直ちに上記と同様の方法で箱の圧縮強さを測定した。その結果を表3に示す。
【0060】
【表3】
【0061】
【発明の効果】
この発明によれば、耐水剤を紙中に添加すると共に、塗工して浸透層と皮膜層からなる塗工層を表面に設けたので、湿潤時の破裂強さや圧縮強さ等の強度を高めることができ、紙の端部から水が浸入したり水が紙の表面と接触しても強度を維持できる。
【0062】
また、耐水紙から段ボール箱を形成して積み重ね、高湿度環境下に放置されたり、水と接触しても、段ボール箱が壊れて荷崩れするというトラブルを回避できる。
【0063】
さらに、耐水剤含有紙にワックスを含有するエマルジョン型の耐水剤等を塗工して加熱することにより、ワックスが溶融して一部紙中に浸透するとともに、紙表面にも均一な皮膜を形成させることができ、紙全体として耐水性を向上させることが可能となった。
【0064】
さらにまた、上記耐水剤含有紙として撥水加工したものを用い、ワックスと合成高分子樹脂を含有するエマルジョン型の耐水剤等を塗工して加熱すると、ワックスと合成高分子樹脂が均等に拡がり、水が浸透しにくく、上記エマルジョン型耐水剤の塗工量を減少させることができる。
【0065】
また、ワックスエマルジョンに含まれる界面活性剤は、上記の加熱乾燥時にエマルジョン中の水分は蒸発しても、そのまま残留する。このため、古紙再生の際に、離解するために水中で分散し攪拌するとき、この界面活性剤が水分をトラップして離解を促進し、リサイクルを容易にする。
【0066】
さらに、抄造時に添加する耐水剤を多くする必要がないので、紙自体の性能の低下や生産性の低下、よごれ等のマシントラブル等を抑制することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to water-resistant paper and a water-resistant cardboard box using the same, and more particularly to water-resistant paper used for fruits and vegetables and a water-resistant cardboard box using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
From the viewpoint of environmental protection in recent years, it is desired that packaging containers used for fruits and vegetables, marine products, and the like are changed from foamed polystyrene boxes that are not easily recyclable to cardboard that can be easily recycled.
[0003]
In addition, vegetables such as broccoli and fruits and vegetables such as apples are required to maintain freshness. In order to maintain this freshness, in recent years, refrigerated storage immediately after harvesting or precooling immediately before shipment has increased. ing.
[0004]
When storing fruits and vegetables filled in cardboard boxes at low temperature or pre-cooling, the humidity in the refrigerator or other refrigeration equipment used is often high. If you put a cardboard box filled with the fruits and vegetables mentioned above into the cardboard box, The moisture in the box increases and the pressure strength decreases. In addition to this, the inside of the corrugated cardboard box becomes highly saturated due to the transpiration of fruits and vegetables and is likely to become saturated, which also causes a decrease in pressure resistance.
[0005]
In such a state, if the cardboard box is taken out of a refrigerator such as a refrigerator for shipping, condensation is likely to occur on the inner surface of the cardboard box due to the temperature difference between the outside air and the contents. Further, when the refrigeration facility and the outside world are reciprocated in the process of distribution, the above-mentioned dew condensation occurs more. When dew condensation occurs on the inner surface of the cardboard box, the cardboard paper constituting the cardboard box gets wet and the strength of the cardboard box, such as pressure resistance, decreases significantly, and when the cardboard boxes are stacked, the boxes break and collapse. .
[0006]
In contrast, water-resistant corrugated cardboard in which plastic film such as polyethylene or metal foil such as aluminum foil is laminated on the surface of the cardboard liner, water-resistant corrugated cardboard using a base paper with a water-resistant agent added in the paper making stage, and wax on the cardboard liner surface. A water-resistant corrugated cardboard or a water-resistant corrugated cardboard obtained by impregnating a cardboard liner or the like with a wax is known.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the water-resistant corrugated cardboard laminated with plastic film or metal foil or the water-resistant corrugated cardboard coated with wax does not have water resistance, so if water penetrates from the edge or notch of the cardboard box, compressive strength, etc. The strength is significantly reduced. On the other hand, there is a limit to the amount of water-resistant agent that can be added during corrugated paper making, and there has been a problem that sufficient water resistance cannot be obtained even if a base paper containing a water-resistant agent is used. In addition, a water-resistant cardboard box impregnated with wax is extremely poor in productivity and high in cost because it needs to impregnate a large amount of wax in order to obtain sufficient water resistance.
[0008]
Moreover, plastic films and metal foils are foreign materials as papermaking raw materials, and wax is a factor that hinders disaggregation during regeneration. Therefore, all of these are unsuitable as used paper and have a problem that recycling is difficult.
[0009]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a paper that suppresses a decrease in strength even when the paper comes into contact with moisture such as condensation, increases the strength such as compressive strength when wet, and facilitates recycling. is there.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is such that a coating layer made of wax or a wax and a synthetic polymer resin is formed on at least one side of a water-resistant agent-containing paper to which a water-resistant agent is added during papermaking.
[0011]
Water resistance inside the paper is improved by adding a water resistance agent to the paper, and then a water resistance agent containing wax or wax and synthetic polymer resin is applied to increase the water repellency and improve the water resistance of the paper surface layer. As a result, the strength such as compressive strength when wet can be increased, and the strength can be maintained even when the edge of the paper comes into contact with water.
[0012]
In addition, the coating layer can be formed using a mixture of wax and synthetic polymer resin having a solid content of 95: 5 to 65:35. It can apply to what formed the coating layer which consists of a water repellent in a surface layer.
[0013]
In this case, the coating layer of the water repellent spreads the wax and the synthetic polymer resin evenly on the surface layer portion, which is effective for improving water resistance.
[0014]
Since it is not necessary to increase the amount of the water-proofing agent during papermaking, it is possible to suppress deterioration in performance of the paper itself, reduction in productivity, machine troubles during papermaking such as dirt. Furthermore, when this paper or a cardboard box using this paper is recycled, the disaggregation becomes good and recycling becomes easy.
[0015]
A wax emulsion or a mixed solution of a wax emulsion and a synthetic polymer resin emulsion is applied to at least one side of a water-resistant agent-containing paper to which a water-resistant agent is added at the time of paper making, and the mixture is heated and dried to produce a wax or a wax and a synthetic polymer. A method of forming a coating layer of molecular resin was used.
[0016]
When water-resistant agents are applied to paper containing water-resistant agents, water-based water-resistant agents such as emulsion type are repelled, so it is often thought that effective coating cannot be performed, but water-resistant agents containing wax are used. Even if it is an emulsion-type water-resistant agent, by coating and heating, the wax melts and partially penetrates into the paper, and a uniform film can be formed on the paper surface. It became possible to improve water resistance as a whole.
[0017]
Further, the surfactant contained in the wax emulsion remains as it is even if the water in the emulsion evaporates during the heat drying. For this reason, when the used paper is stirred in water to disaggregate, the surfactant traps moisture to promote disaggregation and facilitates recycling.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
[0019]
The water-resistant paper according to the present invention is one in which a coating layer is formed on at least one surface of a water-resistant agent-containing paper to which a water-resistant agent is added at the time of paper making using a coating agent containing wax or wax and a synthetic polymer resin.
[0020]
The water-proofing agent added at the time of papermaking is usually an internally added water-proofing agent added to a pulp suspension before papermaking, and a wet paper strength enhancer can be used. Examples of such wet paper strength enhancers include urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, epoxidized polyamide resin, glyoxalized polyacrylamide resin, polyethyleneimine resin, dialdehyde starch and the like.
[0021]
The amount of the water-resistant agent added varies depending on the type of pulp to be used, the type of chemicals and the intended water-resistant performance, but is 0.2 to 2% by weight (in terms of solid content), preferably 0.5 to 1% by weight.
[0022]
A paper having a water-repellent coating layer formed on a water-resistant agent-containing paper to which the above water-resistant agent is added can be preferably used. Examples of the water repellent include aqueous solutions and emulsions of petroleum resins, petroleum waxes, rosin modified maleic resins, styrene modified maleic resins, acrylic resins, styrene modified acrylic resins, and the like.
[0023]
The addition amount of the water repellent is usually 0.5 to 1 g / m 2 (solid content), although it varies depending on the type of drug and the desired water repellency. As for the processing method, on-machine processing that is processed with a size press or a calendar when making a water-resistant agent-containing paper, or off-machine processing that is processed once with a roll coater or the like can be arbitrarily selected.
[0024]
In addition, when a water-repellent and water-resistant agent-containing paper coated with this water-repellent agent is formed with a coating layer containing a wax and a synthetic polymer resin, the amount of water-repellent and water-repellent agent-containing paper is less than that of the water-resistant agent-containing paper that has not been subjected to water-repellent processing Equivalent water resistance can be obtained with a coating amount.
[0025]
Furthermore, for the water-resistant agent-containing paper, paper-making chemicals used for normal papermaking such as dry paper strength enhancers, sizing agents and fillers other than those described above can be used to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
[0026]
The coating layer formed on at least one side of the water-resistant agent-containing paper obtained by adding the above water-resistant agent is coated with a coating agent composed of a wax emulsion or a mixture of a wax emulsion and a synthetic polymer resin emulsion, and heated. It is formed by drying. That is, this coating layer is composed of wax or a wax and a synthetic polymer resin, and a surfactant for forming an emulsion.
[0027]
The coating layer is formed by heating and drying as described above so that a part of the wax or the wax and the synthetic polymer resin penetrates the water-resistant agent-containing paper, and part of the water-resistant agent. It consists of a coating layer formed on the surface of the containing paper.
[0028]
The wax emulsion is an aqueous dispersion obtained by adding an emulsifier (that is, a surfactant) to one kind of wax such as paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, or a mixture of two or more kinds thereof. Of these, paraffin wax is preferred because it balances cost and performance.
[0029]
The above synthetic polymer resin emulsion is prepared by adding an emulsifier (that is, an interface) to one kind of resin such as acrylic resin, synthetic rubber resin, vinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinylidene chloride resin, or a mixture of two or more thereof. An aqueous dispersion to which an activator) is added. Examples of the acrylic resin include resins such as acrylic ester resins, styrene-acrylic resins, and ethylene-acrylic resins. Examples of the synthetic rubber resin include methyl methacrylate-butadiene resin and styrene-butadiene resin. Among these, synthetic rubber-based resins and alkyl-based resins are preferable because they provide good water resistance to water-resistant agent-containing paper.
[0030]
The type of surfactant contained in the emulsion of the wax or synthetic polymer resin is not particularly limited as long as it can emulsify the wax or synthetic polymer resin, but the content is relative to the wax or synthetic polymer resin. 1 to 10% by weight (in terms of solid content) is preferable. If the amount is less than 1% by weight, it is difficult to emulsify, and the disintegration property tends to be impaired. If the amount exceeds 10% by weight, the water resistance tends to be impaired.
[0031]
The mixing ratio of the wax emulsion and the synthetic polymer resin emulsion is preferably wax emulsion: synthetic polymer resin emulsion = 95: 5 to 65:35 (weight ratio) in terms of solid content.
[0032]
When these emulsions are coated on the water-resistant and water-repellent and water-repellent-containing papers, they are repelled by the water-resistant and water-repellent agents, but the wax in the emulsion melts in the heating and drying step after coating, It diffuses uniformly on the surface of the water-resistant agent-containing paper, partly penetrates and partly forms a film. For this reason, a wax is essential in the coating layer. Moreover, even if the above-mentioned solid content is 100% of the wax content, the strength such as the bursting strength and compressive strength of the paper when wet is increased and the water resistance effect is exhibited. Furthermore, when the synthetic polymer resin is added to the wax, the strength when wet can be further increased, resulting in a higher water resistance effect. At this time, the wax acts as a vehicle for the synthetic polymer resin to penetrate into the inside of the water-resistant agent-containing paper and to uniformly diffuse the paper surface, that is, as a vehicle for the synthetic polymer resin. When the solid content of the synthetic polymer resin exceeds 35% by weight with respect to the solid content in the mixture of the wax emulsion and the synthetic polymer resin emulsion, the amount of the wax impregnated in the water-resistant agent-containing paper decreases, and as a result, the vehicle The action is reduced, and the synthetic polymer resin is difficult to spread uniformly on the paper surface.
[0033]
In the above wax emulsion or a mixture of wax emulsion and synthetic polymer resin emulsion, in order to improve printability and processability, auxiliary agents used in ordinary water-based paints and water-based inks, that is, antifoaming agent, viscosity adjustment You may add an agent, a slipper, a drying regulator, etc. to such an extent that the effect of this invention is not impaired.
[0034]
The amount of the emulsion applied to the paper is arbitrary according to the water resistance to be obtained, but is preferably in the range of 2 to 10 g / m 2 as the solid content. If the coating amount is less than 2 g / m 2 , it may be difficult to form a uniform coating layer on the paper surface, and sufficient water resistance may not be provided. On the other hand, it is difficult to apply a solid content exceeding 10 g / m 2 at a time with a normal coating apparatus, and even if the coating amount exceeds 10 g / m 2 , it is large enough to meet the coating amount. Improved water resistance is unlikely.
[0035]
Next, a method for providing the coating layer on the water-resistant agent-containing paper will be described.
[0036]
The wax emulsion or a mixed solution of the wax emulsion and the synthetic polymer resin emulsion is applied to at least one side of the water-resistant agent-containing paper to which a water-resistant agent is added at the time of papermaking. Subsequently, it heat-drys in the range more than melting | fusing point of the coated wax and melting temperature +150 degrees C or less, and removes the water | moisture content in an emulsion. At the time of coating, the emulsion may be repelled by the water-resistant agent in the water-resistant agent-containing paper or any of the above internal additives or coating agents, but when heated and dried, the water content of the emulsion evaporates, The residual wax in the emulsion, the synthetic polymer resin, and the like are uniformly diffused on the surface of the water-resistant agent-containing paper, and partly penetrates to form a permeation layer, and partly forms a film layer on the surface.
[0037]
This coating may be performed either at the time of papermaking, that is, on-machine coating on a paper machine, or after papermaking, that is, off-machine coating, and an arbitrary method can be selected depending on the amount to be coated, the production amount, and the like.
[0038]
As such a coating apparatus, any apparatus used for normal coating and printing can be used. For example, as an on-machine coating apparatus, a size press, a rod coater, or the like can be used. Examples of the machine coating apparatus include a coater such as a roll coater, a gravure coater, a blade coater, and a rod coater.
[0039]
As the dryer used in the heating and drying process after the coating, those used in normal coating and printing can be used as in the coating apparatus, specifically, cylinder type (drum type) drying. Machine, hot air dryer and the like.
[0040]
The water-resistant agent-containing paper on which the coating layer is formed can be used for any application such as a corrugated board liner or other paperboard. For example, when used as a corrugated cardboard liner, when assembled as corrugated cardboard, the surface thereof can exhibit a water resistance effect, and a water resistant cardboard box having water resistance can be obtained.
[0041]
In addition to the action of the water-resistant agent added during papermaking, the water-resistant-containing paper on which this coating layer is formed has a permeation layer and a film layer of wax or wax and synthetic polymer resin, Since the strength such as compressive strength is high, even if water enters from the edge of the paper due to condensation or the paper surface gets wet, the strength reduction is suppressed and the function as paper is maintained. That is, it exhibits a water resistance effect.
[0042]
Furthermore, when recycled as used paper, since the surfactant is contained in the above-mentioned permeation layer and the coating layer, water is easily trapped and disaggregation becomes easier. This facilitates recycling.
[0043]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
[0044]
Papermaking of water resistant agent-containing paper Made by Nippon PMC as a water resistant agent: WS-500 was added in an amount of 1% by weight based on the dry weight of the pulp, and paper was made according to a conventional method. WR-984 was coated using a roll coater so as to have a solid content of 0.5 g / m 2 to produce a water-resistant cardboard liner A (basis weight 280 g / m 2 ). In addition, the thing which has not performed the said water-repellent processing is set as the water-resistant cardboard liner A '. Furthermore, 0.7% by weight of DS-423 manufactured by Japan PMC as a water-resistant agent is added to the dry weight of the pulp, and papermaking is performed according to a conventional method, and WR-984 manufactured by Japan PMC is used as a water repellent. Was used to produce water-resistant paperboard B (basis weight 280 g / m 2 ) by coating so that the solid content was 0.5 g / m 2 .
[0045]
[Examples 1-8]
On one side of the water-resistant corrugated liner A, water-resistant corrugated liner A ′ or water-resistant paperboard B, a wax emulsion or a mixture of a wax emulsion and a synthetic polymer resin emulsion as shown in Table 1 is applied at a coating speed of about 80 m / min. With a roll coater, the coating amount was such that the coating amount was as shown in Table 1, and dried by heating with a hot air dryer at 120 to 130 ° C. for 30 seconds to obtain water-resistant paper.
[0046]
In addition, as a wax emulsion shown in Table 1, Michael 3000 Coating 3000 (solid content: 65% by weight), among the synthetic polymer emulsion, Asahi Kasei Kogyo XA-6661 (solid content: 45% by weight) as a synthetic rubber emulsion %), LA-723B1 (solid content: 40% by weight) from Hoechst Chemical Co. was used as an acrylic emulsion.
[0047]
[Comparative Examples 1-6]
Water resistant corrugated liner A as comparative example 1, water resistant corrugated liner A 'as comparative example 2, water resistant paperboard B as comparative example 3, and water resistant corrugated liner A as a comparative example 4 coated only with a synthetic rubber emulsion by the above coating method As Comparative Example 5, the water-resistant corrugated liner A was coated only with an acrylic emulsion by the above coating method, and as Comparative Example 6, a general corrugated liner C (basis weight 280 g / m 2 ) made without adding a water-resistant agent was used. A product obtained by coating the synthetic rubber emulsion twice was produced.
[0048]
In Comparative Example 6, the first coating could be applied so that the solid content was 3 g / m 2 , but the second coating was performed on the water-resistant coating layer formed in the first coating. Only 1.5 g / m 2 was able to be applied in terms of solid content.
[0049]
About what was manufactured in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-6, the evaluation test by the following method was done. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0050]
[Evaluation items and experimental methods]
A plurality of 5 × 5 cm square test specimens with blocking properties are prepared, stacked so that the coated surfaces come into contact with each other, subjected to a load of 250 kgf / m 2 , and left under high temperature and high humidity (40 ° C., 90% RH) for 24 hours. To do. Then, the test body was peeled off by hand, the surface state was visually observed, and judged according to the following criteria.
○ No blocking at all △ Partially blocked × Blocked.
[0051]
Compressive strength retention rate Compressive strength (Dry RC strength) was obtained from a sample pretreated according to JIS P8111 (pretreatment of test paper) according to JIS P8126 (Test method for compressive strength of paperboard: ring crush method). . Moreover, after immersing a test piece in 20 degreeC water for 3 minutes and wiping off excess water with a filter paper after that, compression strength (Wet RC strength) was calculated | required. The compressive strength retention was determined by the following equation.
Compressive strength retention rate (%) = (Wet RC strength (kgf) ÷ Dry RC strength (kgf)) × 100.
[0052]
In defibration properties 5 × 5 cm specimens were cut into square 24 g (absolute dry) 2 l 30 ° C. water were macerated in a standard disintegrator 15 minutes used in JIS P8209 (handsheet preparation for Pulp Test). After disaggregation, the defibrated state of the fibers in the dispersion is observed. A handsheet having a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 is prepared from the disperse dispersion. The defibrated state of the dispersion and the fiber dispersed state of the handsheet were visually observed and judged according to the following criteria.
◎ Completely disaggregated ○ Almost disaggregated △ Small undissolved material remains × Large undissolved material remains [0053]
[Table 1]
[0054]
Example 9
The cardboard liner A made in Example 1 was used as the front and back liners, and 0.7% by weight of DS-423 of Japan PMC was added to the dry weight of the pulp, and paperboard made in accordance with a standard method (basis weight 200 g / m 2 ) was used. A flute double-sided corrugated cardboard was manufactured by using as a core and pasting so that each coating layer was on the surface side of the corrugated cardboard.
[0055]
[Example 10, Comparative Examples 7-8]
Corrugated board was produced in the same manner as in Working Example 9 except that the corrugated board liner produced in Example 3, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 was used as the front and back liners.
[0056]
About the corrugated board manufactured in Examples 9-10 and Comparative Examples 7-8, the normal state and the vertical compressive strength after 3 minutes of water immersion were measured according to JIS Z0401 (corrugated board compressive strength test method). The results are shown in Table 2.
[0057]
Furthermore, using these cardboards as raw materials, three-color printing and box making were performed with flexo folder glue to produce cardboard boxes. The dimensions of the box are L × W × H = 450 × 360 × 200 mm, and the format is JIS Z1057, code no. 0201. The compressive strength of these boxes was measured according to JIS Z0212 (packaging cargo and container compression test method). Moreover, after watering for 1 hour according to JIS Z0216 (packing cargo and container watering test method), the compressive strength was measured in the same manner as described above. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0058]
[Table 2]
[0059]
[Example 11, Comparative Example 9]
The cardboard boxes manufactured in Example 9 and Comparative Example 7 were filled with a plastic bag filled with 10 kg of ice and sealed, and left overnight at an ambient temperature of 1 ° C. and 85% RH. Thereafter, the ambient temperature was raised to 30 ° C. and 85% RH over 1 hour, and further left in the same environment for 1 hour to forcibly cause condensation. The box was then immediately measured for compressive strength in the same manner as above. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0060]
[Table 3]
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the water-resistant agent is added to the paper, and the coating layer comprising the permeation layer and the coating layer is provided on the surface, so that the strength such as the burst strength and compressive strength when wet is obtained. The strength can be maintained even if water enters from the edge of the paper or the water contacts the surface of the paper.
[0062]
Further, it is possible to avoid the trouble that the corrugated cardboard box is broken and collapses even if the corrugated cardboard boxes are formed and stacked from water-resistant paper and left in a high humidity environment or contact with water.
[0063]
In addition, by applying an emulsion-type water-resistant agent containing wax to the water-resistant agent-containing paper and heating it, the wax melts and partially penetrates into the paper and forms a uniform film on the paper surface. The water resistance of the entire paper can be improved.
[0064]
Furthermore, when water-repellent processed paper is used as the water-resistant agent-containing paper and an emulsion-type water-resistant agent containing wax and a synthetic polymer resin is applied and heated, the wax and the synthetic polymer resin are spread evenly. It is difficult for water to penetrate, and the coating amount of the emulsion-type water resistant agent can be reduced.
[0065]
In addition, the surfactant contained in the wax emulsion remains as it is even if the water in the emulsion evaporates during the heat drying. For this reason, when the used paper is regenerated, when dispersed and stirred in water to disaggregate, this surfactant traps moisture, promotes disaggregation, and facilitates recycling.
[0066]
Furthermore, since it is not necessary to increase the amount of water-proofing agent added at the time of papermaking, it is possible to suppress machine troubles such as deterioration in performance of paper itself, reduction in productivity, and dirt.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP32278996A JP3628460B2 (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1996-12-03 | Waterproof paper |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP32278996A JP3628460B2 (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1996-12-03 | Waterproof paper |
Publications (2)
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JPH10168786A JPH10168786A (en) | 1998-06-23 |
JP3628460B2 true JP3628460B2 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
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JP32278996A Expired - Lifetime JP3628460B2 (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1996-12-03 | Waterproof paper |
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JP4872145B2 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2012-02-08 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Water-resistant paper and paper container using modified pulp fiber and modified cellulose powder |
JP4500056B2 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2010-07-14 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Corrugated liner and method for producing the same |
JP5188866B2 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2013-04-24 | 日油技研工業株式会社 | Sterilization detection indicator and manufacturing method thereof |
JP5821684B2 (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2015-11-24 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | Fruit bag paper |
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