JP3627470B2 - EGR device for supercharged engine - Google Patents

EGR device for supercharged engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3627470B2
JP3627470B2 JP27833497A JP27833497A JP3627470B2 JP 3627470 B2 JP3627470 B2 JP 3627470B2 JP 27833497 A JP27833497 A JP 27833497A JP 27833497 A JP27833497 A JP 27833497A JP 3627470 B2 JP3627470 B2 JP 3627470B2
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egr
passage
egr gas
fresh air
intake
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JPH11117751A (en
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瓏 張
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/07Mixed pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is either taken out upstream of the turbine and reintroduced upstream of the compressor, or is taken out downstream of the turbine and reintroduced downstream of the compressor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/08EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines for engines having two or more intake charge compressors or exhaust gas turbines, e.g. a turbocharger combined with an additional compressor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/28Layout, e.g. schematics with liquid-cooled heat exchangers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、過給機付きディーゼルエンジンなどにおいて、NOxの排出量を低減するために、排気ガスの一部を吸気側に還流する過給式エンジンのEGR装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ディーゼルエンジン等の排気ガス対策において、排気ガス中のNOxの排出量を低減するために、不活性ガスである排気ガスの一部を吸気側に還流することによって、燃焼温度を低く抑えて、NOxの生成を抑制するEGR(排気再循環)が有効であることが知られており、広く実用化されている。
【0003】
このEGR装置は過給式エンジンにも適用され、図3に示すように排気マニホールド12aから排気ガスG2を取り出し、EGRクーラー7を配設したEGR通路9を経由して、吸気通路11の新気Aに混入して吸気マニホールド11aへ還流させてEGRを行っている。
しかし、過給式エンジンにおいては、エンジン負荷の上昇に伴い、吸気圧(ブート圧)が高くなり、排気圧より高圧になってくるので、EGRガスG2を吸気通路11へ還流させることができなくなる。
【0004】
そのため、排気通路12に通じるウェイストゲート12bを開いて排気ガスG3を流出させることにより排気圧力を下げ、それによってタービン2の回転数を低下させることにより吸気圧力を低減して、EGRガスG2を吸気通路11に還流させる方法がある。しかし、この方法を取ると新気Aの量が減少し、スモークの増大を引き起こすので、EGRできる領域は、図2(a)に示すように、低負荷でかつ中回転以下のエンジンの運転領域Eに限られてしまうという問題がある。
【0005】
また、タービン2の入口の断面積を可変にした可変容量型ターボチャージャ(VGターボ)では、入口の断面積をコントロールすることでタービン回転数を変化させて、排気圧と吸気圧を制御してEGR可能な領域を拡大している。この場合においては、図2(b)に示すような中負荷のEで示すエンジン運転領域までEGR可能となるが、更にNOxを低減して排気ガスを浄化するために、エンジンの高負荷運転領域でもEGR可能にしたいという要求がある。
【0006】
この要求に関して、特開平3−117665号、特開平5−180089号、特開平5−89859号等に、EGRガスをコンプレッサによって圧縮して昇圧し、この昇圧したEGRガスを吸気通路側に還流するように構成することによって、EGR領域を拡大するEGR装置が提案されている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特開平3−117665号の装置は、エンジンによって駆動されるコンプレッサによりEGRガスを圧縮し、アキュムレータタンク内に蓄圧してから供給しているために、エンジンの駆動力がこのコンプレッサに使用されるのでその分エンジン出力のロスが大きくなる。このロスは、エンジンが高回転、高負荷になるほど大きくなるので、高出力が必要な時程ロスが大きくなるという問題がある。更に、高回転、高負荷領域においてEGRを行うために、容量の大きいコンプレッサ、アキュムレータが必要になるという問題がある。
【0008】
また、特開平5−180089号の装置は、排気ガスで駆動されるタービンを排気通路に設けてこのタービンに連結したEGRガスコンプレッサでEGRガスを加圧して、吸気通路に還流させている。しかし、この装置においては排気通路に直列に排気ガスのパワーを回収するパワータービンを含めて3つのタービンを設けているため、EGR作動時に排気マニホールドの排気圧が大幅に上昇するので、ポンピングロスが大きくなって燃費が悪化するという問題と、高負荷運転において新気の減少を招き黒煙が発生してEGRを行うことのできる領域が限定されるという問題がある。
【0009】
そして、特開平5−89859号の装置は、第1のターボチャージャで得られた圧縮空気を分岐して第2のターボチャージャを駆動し、この第2のターボチャージャのコンプレッサでEGRガスを昇圧し、それと共に、このコンプレッサから圧縮空気を逃がして吸気圧を下げてEGRを行っている。しかし、この装置では、圧縮空気を分岐するため、シリンダへ供給される圧縮吸気量が減少するので、EGRガス量に対する吸気量が減少してスモークが発生するという問題がある。
【0010】
本発明は、上述の問題を解決するためになされたものであり、その目的は、エンジンの高負荷運転時でもEGRが可能で、しかも、シリンダへの吸気量を十分に確保できてスモークの発生や燃料消費の悪化を防止できると共に、更に、エンジンの運転状態に応じてEGRガスを昇圧して、効率よくEGRを行うことができて、エンジンの全運転領域で排気ガス中のNOxの排出量を低減できる過給式エンジンのEGR装置を提供することにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
以上のような目的を達成するための過給式エンジンのEGR装置は、エンジンの排気通路に設けたタービンによって、吸気通路に設けたコンプレッサを駆動する過給式エンジンにおいて、前記排気通路と前記吸気通路とを接続したEGR通路に、前記タービンによって駆動され、かつ、EGRガスを昇圧して前記吸気通路に還流するEGRガスコンプレッサを設けると共に、該EGRガスコンプレッサの上流側の前記EGR通路に新気を導入する第2吸気通路を設けて、該第2吸気通路と前記EGR通路との連結部に制御弁を配設し、該制御弁を制御することにより、EGRガス、EGRガスと新気の混合ガス、新気を選択的に前記EGRガスコンプレッサに供給できるように構成したものである。
【0012】
そして、クラッチ機構を設けずに、常にEGRガスコンプレッサを駆動すると共に、制御弁の制御により、エンジンの運転状態に応じて、EGR通路に設けた第2吸気通路から新気を供給して、EGRガスのみ(第1吸気状態)、EGRガスと新気の両方(第2吸気状態)、新気のみ(第3吸気状態)の吸気状態を選択してEGRクーラー側に送り込むことができる。
【0013】
そのため、エンジンの低負荷・低回転領域等では、EGRガスを一部または全部供給して、EGRガスの量を多くして、又はEGRガスのみを供給してEGRを行うことができる。また、負荷の増大時には、EGRガスと新気を必要なEGR率になるよう割合にして供給できる。そして、高負荷運転領域においては、新気の量を多くして、又は新気のみを供給することができる。更に、加速運転時には、新気のみを供給してスモークの発生を抑制できる。
【0014】
また、EGRガスコンプレッサ用のタービンを新たに設ける必要がなくなるので、排気圧の上昇を防ぐことができ、燃料消費の悪化を防止できる。
その上、吸気の分岐及び逃がしによる吸気量の減少がないので、シリンダに供給される吸気量を十分に確保でき、スモークの発生を防止しながら、EGRを行うことができる。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を用いて、本発明に係る過給式エンジンのEGR装置の実施の形態を説明する。
図1に示すように、この過給式エンジン1においては、タービン2を排気通路12に設けて排気ガスG1+G2によって回転駆動し、この回転を軸2aで伝達して吸気通路11に設けたコンプレッサ3を駆動して、新気A1を圧縮して、この新気A1をインタークーラ6を経由して、吸気マニホールド11aに供給している。
【0016】
この過給式エンジン1の排気通路12と吸気通路11とを接続するEGR通路9を設けると共に、このEGR通路9にタービン2によってクラッチ機構を介さずに直接駆動されるEGRガスコンプレッサ5を設けて、EGRガスG2を昇圧して吸気通路11に還流するように構成する。
このEGRガスコンプレッサ5は空気専用のコンプレッサ3より過給度を高して、確実に吸気通路11側にEGRガス等G2,A2を供給できるようにすると共に、EGRの最大時に充分なEGRガスG2を供給できる能力を持たせて構成する。
【0017】
更に、このEGRガスコンプレッサ5の上流側のEGR通路9に新気A2を導入する第2吸気通路13を設け、このEGR通路9と第2吸気通路13との連結部に制御弁8を設けて、この制御弁8により、EGRガスコンプレッサ5側に流入するEGRガスG2の量と新気A2の量を調整制御できるように構成する。
また、エンジン1の回転数を検出する回転数センサー14とエンジンの負荷を検出する負荷センサー15とコントローラ(ECU)20を設ける。そして、このコントローラ20が回転数センサー14の出力と負荷センサー15の出力とを入力して、予め入力したEGRマップ30のデータに従って、エンジンの負荷、速度に応じた制御弁8の弁開度のコントロールを行い、予め設定されたEGR率でEGRできるように構成する。
【0018】
このEGRマップ30は、エンジン1の大きさ、使用状態などによって異なり、また、使用する国の排気ガス制限値によっても詳細な部分は異なってくる。
この構成を簡単化して述べると、排気通路12のタービン2によって同回転で駆動される2つのコンプレッサ3,5を設けて、一つのコンプレッサ3は空気専用に、もう一つのEGRガスコンプレッサ5は制御弁8によってEGRガスG2のみ、新気A2とEGRガスG2、又は新気A2のみを選択的に吸入するように構成したEGR装置である。
【0019】
以上の構成のEGR装置においては、制御弁8をコントロールすることにより、エンジンの運転状態を回転数や負荷等で検出して、この運転状態に対する最適のEGR率でEGRを行うことができる。
つまり、制御弁8を調整してEGRガスG2のみをEGRガスコンプレッサ5側に供給する第1吸気状態により、低負荷・低回転運転領域におけるEGRを行うことができる。低負荷・低回転運転領域では、大量のEGRガスを要するので、制御弁8はEGRガスG2のみをEGRガスコンプレッサ5に供給するよう調整を行う。
【0020】
そして、制御弁8の開度を調整して、新気を導入することにより、EGRガスG2と新気A2の混合ガスを供給する第2吸気状態により、低負荷・低回転領域において、EGRガスが過剰になって吸気不足になっても対応できる。
また、この第2吸気状態で、制御弁8の開度を調整してEGRガスG2と新気A2を必要なEGR率になるような割合にして、EGRガスコンプレッサ5側に供給することにより、負荷が増大してEGR率を減らす必要が生じる中・高負荷の運転領域に対応したEGRを行うことができる。
【0021】
負荷の増加に伴い、吸気圧は過給機のコンプレッサ3によって圧縮されているので、排気ガス圧<吸気圧(ブースト圧)の状態となるが、EGR通路9に設けたEGRガスコンプレッサ5により、EGRガスG2と新気A2の圧縮及び昇圧を行っているので、EGRガスG2と新気A2の圧力を新気A1の吸気圧よりも高圧にすることができ、EGRを円滑に行うことができる。
【0022】
更に、新気のみを供給する第3吸気状態により、全くEGRを必要とせず、新気量が不足しがちな加速運転時に充分な新気を供給できるので、スモークの発生を抑制することができる。
従って、エンジンの運転状態に応じて、制御弁8を調整制御することにより、新気A2のみ、新気A2とEGRガスG2との混合ガス、EGRガスG2のみに、選択して、しかも混合ガスの混合率をも変化させて、EGRガスコンプレッサ5側に供給できるので、最適のEGR率で効率よくEGRを行うことができる。そのため、過給式エンジンの全運転領域で排気ガス中のNOxの排出量を低減できる。
【0023】
更に、EGRガスG2をEGRガスコンプレッサ5で圧縮及び昇圧しているので、吸気圧力の高い過給式エンジンの高負荷運転時でもEGRを円滑に行うことが可能となり、NOxの低減を図ることができる。
また、必要に応じて新気A2もEGRガスコンプレッサ5で圧縮及び昇圧して供給できるので、シリンダへの吸気量を十分に確保できてスモークの発生や燃料消費の悪化を防止できる。
【0024】
その上、この制御弁8を制御して、EGRガス等G2,A2の流量を変化させることにより、ターボ2への負荷を変えることができ、ターボ2の回転数に対してコンプレッサ3,5の効率がよい作動点で運転できるので、燃費も向上させることができる。
そして、この構成のEGR装置によれば、クラッチ制御のEGRガスコンプレッサを設けてEGRガスの昇圧が必要な時のみにEGRガスコンプレッサを駆動する装置に対して、クラッチ機構が不要になるので、よりコンパクトになって、コストや信頼性も向上する。また、新気A2をEGRガスコンプレッサ5からも供給できるので、新気が不足し易い加速時等に充分な新気A1+A2を供給できる。また、排ガスのエネルギー以外にコンプレッサを駆動する動力を必要とせず、制御の対象も制御弁となるので制御機構が容易となる。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明の過給式エンジンのEGR装置によれば、EGR通路に吸気コンプレッサと同軸にしたEGRガスコンプレッサを設けると共に、EGRガスコンプレッサの上流側の前記EGR通路に新気を導入する第2吸気通路を設けて、この第2吸気通路とEGR通路との連結部に制御弁を配設して、この制御弁を制御して、EGRガスのみ、EGRガスと新気、新気のみを選択的に吸気通路側に昇圧して供給するように構成したので、エンジンの運転状態に応じたEGRガスおよび新気の供給を行うことができ、EGR時には最適なEGR率でEGRを効率よく行うことができると共に、新気の増加が必要な時には充分な新気を供給できる。
【0026】
そして、EGRガスをEGRガスコンプレッサで昇圧して吸気通路に供給するので、高負荷運転領域における吸気圧の高い状態でも円滑にEGRを行うことができるので、EGR可能な範囲をエンジンの運転領域全体に拡大することができる。
従って、過給式エンジンの全運転領域において排気ガス中のNOxの排出量を低減でき、また、スモークの発生量も低減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る過給式エンジンのEGR装置の構成図である。
【図2】従来技術のEGR領域を示す模式図で、(a)は、過給式エンジンのEGR装置のEGR領域を、(b)はVGターボエンジンにおけるEGR装置のEGR領域を示す。
【図3】従来技術の過給式エンジンのEGR装置の構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 エンジン 2 過給機のタービン
3 過給機のコンプレッサ 5 EGRガスコンプレッサ
6 インタークーラ 7 EGRクーラ
9 EGR通路 11 吸気通路
11a 吸気マニホールド 12 排気通路
12a 排気マニホールド 13 第2吸気通路
14 回転数センサー 15 負荷センサー
20 コントローラ(ECU) 30 EGRマップ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an EGR device for a supercharged engine that recirculates a part of exhaust gas to an intake side in order to reduce NOx emission in a turbocharged diesel engine or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In exhaust gas countermeasures for diesel engines and the like, in order to reduce the amount of NOx emissions in the exhaust gas, a part of the exhaust gas that is an inert gas is recirculated to the intake side, thereby suppressing the combustion temperature to a low level. It is known that EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) that suppresses the generation of is effective, and is widely put into practical use.
[0003]
This EGR device is also applied to a supercharged engine. As shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust gas G2 is taken out from the exhaust manifold 12a, and the fresh air in the intake passage 11 is passed through the EGR passage 9 in which the EGR cooler 7 is disposed. EGR is performed by mixing with A and returning to the intake manifold 11a.
However, in the supercharged engine, as the engine load increases, the intake pressure (boot pressure) increases and becomes higher than the exhaust pressure, so that the EGR gas G2 cannot be recirculated to the intake passage 11. .
[0004]
Therefore, the waste gate 12b leading to the exhaust passage 12 is opened and the exhaust gas G3 flows out to lower the exhaust pressure, thereby lowering the rotational speed of the turbine 2 to reduce the intake pressure and intake the EGR gas G2. There is a method of refluxing the passage 11. However, if this method is used, the amount of fresh air A decreases and smoke increases, so the region where EGR can be performed is as shown in FIG. There is a problem that it is limited to E.
[0005]
Further, in a variable capacity turbocharger (VG turbo) in which the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the turbine 2 is variable, the turbine rotational speed is changed by controlling the cross-sectional area of the inlet to control the exhaust pressure and the intake pressure. The area where EGR is possible is expanded. In this case, EGR is possible up to the engine operating range indicated by E of medium load as shown in FIG. 2B, but in order to further reduce NOx and purify the exhaust gas, the engine high-load operating range. However, there is a demand to make EGR possible.
[0006]
Regarding this requirement, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-117665, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-180089, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-89859, etc., the EGR gas is compressed and compressed by a compressor, and the pressurized EGR gas is returned to the intake passage side An EGR device that expands the EGR region by configuring as described above has been proposed.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-117665 compresses EGR gas by a compressor driven by an engine and stores it after accumulating in an accumulator tank, the driving force of the engine is used for this compressor. Therefore, the loss of engine output increases accordingly. Since this loss increases as the engine speed increases and the load increases, there is a problem that the loss increases as high output is required. Further, there is a problem that a compressor and an accumulator having a large capacity are required to perform EGR in a high rotation and high load region.
[0008]
In the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-180089, a turbine driven by exhaust gas is provided in an exhaust passage, and EGR gas is pressurized by an EGR gas compressor connected to the turbine and is recirculated to the intake passage. However, since this apparatus has three turbines including a power turbine that recovers the exhaust gas power in series with the exhaust passage, the exhaust pressure of the exhaust manifold significantly increases during EGR operation, so that the pumping loss is reduced. There is a problem that the fuel consumption increases and the fuel consumption deteriorates, and there is a problem that the area where the EGR can be performed due to the generation of black smoke due to a decrease in fresh air in a high load operation is limited.
[0009]
The device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-89859 branches the compressed air obtained by the first turbocharger to drive the second turbocharger, and boosts the EGR gas by the compressor of the second turbocharger. At the same time, EGR is performed by releasing the compressed air from the compressor and lowering the intake pressure. However, in this apparatus, since the compressed air is branched, the amount of compressed intake air supplied to the cylinder is reduced, so there is a problem that the amount of intake air with respect to the amount of EGR gas is reduced and smoke is generated.
[0010]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to enable EGR even during high-load operation of the engine, and also to ensure a sufficient amount of intake air to the cylinder to generate smoke. As well as preventing deterioration of fuel consumption, the EGR gas can be boosted according to the operating state of the engine to efficiently perform EGR, and the amount of NOx in the exhaust gas in the entire operating range of the engine It is an object to provide an EGR device for a supercharged engine that can reduce the engine.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An EGR device for a supercharged engine for achieving the above object is a supercharged engine in which a compressor provided in an intake passage is driven by a turbine provided in the exhaust passage of the engine. An EGR passage connected to the passage is provided with an EGR gas compressor that is driven by the turbine and boosts EGR gas and returns to the intake passage, and fresh air is introduced into the EGR passage upstream of the EGR gas compressor. And a control valve is provided at a connecting portion between the second intake passage and the EGR passage, and the control valve is controlled to control EGR gas, EGR gas, and fresh air. The mixed gas and fresh air can be selectively supplied to the EGR gas compressor.
[0012]
Then, the EGR gas compressor is always driven without providing the clutch mechanism, and fresh air is supplied from the second intake passage provided in the EGR passage according to the operating state of the engine by control of the control valve. An intake state of only gas (first intake state), both EGR gas and fresh air (second intake state), or only fresh air (third intake state) can be selected and sent to the EGR cooler side.
[0013]
Therefore, EGR can be performed in a low load / low rotation region of the engine by supplying part or all of EGR gas, increasing the amount of EGR gas, or supplying only EGR gas. Further, when the load increases, EGR gas and fresh air can be supplied in proportions so that the required EGR rate is obtained. In the high load operation region, the amount of fresh air can be increased or only fresh air can be supplied. Furthermore, during acceleration operation, only fresh air can be supplied to suppress the occurrence of smoke.
[0014]
Moreover, since it is not necessary to newly provide a turbine for an EGR gas compressor, it is possible to prevent an increase in exhaust pressure and to prevent deterioration in fuel consumption.
In addition, since there is no decrease in the intake air amount due to intake air branching and escape, it is possible to sufficiently secure the intake air amount supplied to the cylinder and perform EGR while preventing the occurrence of smoke.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of an EGR device for a supercharged engine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, in this supercharged engine 1, a turbine 2 is provided in an exhaust passage 12 and is rotationally driven by exhaust gas G1 + G2, and this rotation is transmitted by a shaft 2a to be provided in a compressor 3 provided in an intake passage 11. , The fresh air A1 is compressed, and this fresh air A1 is supplied to the intake manifold 11a via the intercooler 6.
[0016]
An EGR passage 9 that connects the exhaust passage 12 and the intake passage 11 of the supercharged engine 1 is provided, and an EGR gas compressor 5 that is directly driven by the turbine 2 without a clutch mechanism is provided in the EGR passage 9. The EGR gas G2 is boosted and recirculated to the intake passage 11.
The EGR gas compressor 5 has a higher degree of supercharging than the air-only compressor 3 to ensure that the EGR gas G2, A2, etc. can be supplied to the intake passage 11 side, and sufficient EGR gas G2 at the maximum EGR. It is configured with the ability to supply
[0017]
Further, a second intake passage 13 for introducing fresh air A2 is provided in the EGR passage 9 upstream of the EGR gas compressor 5, and a control valve 8 is provided at a connecting portion between the EGR passage 9 and the second intake passage 13. The control valve 8 is configured to adjust and control the amount of EGR gas G2 flowing into the EGR gas compressor 5 and the amount of fresh air A2.
Further, a rotation speed sensor 14 that detects the rotation speed of the engine 1, a load sensor 15 that detects the load of the engine, and a controller (ECU) 20 are provided. Then, the controller 20 inputs the output of the rotational speed sensor 14 and the output of the load sensor 15, and the valve opening degree of the control valve 8 corresponding to the engine load and speed according to the data of the EGR map 30 inputted in advance. Control is performed so that EGR can be performed at a preset EGR rate.
[0018]
The EGR map 30 varies depending on the size of the engine 1, the usage state, and the like, and the detailed portion varies depending on the exhaust gas limit value of the country where the engine 1 is used.
Briefly describing this configuration, two compressors 3 and 5 that are driven by the turbine 2 in the exhaust passage 12 in the same rotation are provided, one compressor 3 dedicated to air, and the other EGR gas compressor 5 controlled. This is an EGR device configured to selectively suck only EGR gas G2, fresh air A2 and EGR gas G2, or only fresh air A2 by the valve 8.
[0019]
In the EGR device having the above-described configuration, by controlling the control valve 8, the operating state of the engine can be detected by the rotational speed, the load, etc., and EGR can be performed at the optimum EGR rate for this operating state.
That is, EGR in the low load / low rotation operation region can be performed by adjusting the control valve 8 and supplying only the EGR gas G2 to the EGR gas compressor 5 side. Since a large amount of EGR gas is required in the low load / low rotation operation region, the control valve 8 performs adjustment so as to supply only the EGR gas G2 to the EGR gas compressor 5.
[0020]
Then, by adjusting the opening degree of the control valve 8 and introducing fresh air, the EGR gas is supplied in the low load / low rotation region by the second intake state in which the mixed gas of the EGR gas G2 and fresh air A2 is supplied. Even if it becomes excessive and intake becomes insufficient, it can respond.
Further, in this second intake state, by adjusting the opening degree of the control valve 8 and supplying the EGR gas G2 and the fresh air A2 to the EGR gas compressor 5 side at a ratio such that the required EGR rate is obtained, It is possible to perform EGR corresponding to an operation region of medium to high load where the load increases and the EGR rate needs to be reduced.
[0021]
As the load increases, the intake pressure is compressed by the compressor 3 of the supercharger, so that the exhaust gas pressure <the intake pressure (boost pressure), but the EGR gas compressor 5 provided in the EGR passage 9 Since the EGR gas G2 and the fresh air A2 are compressed and pressurized, the pressure of the EGR gas G2 and the fresh air A2 can be higher than the intake pressure of the fresh air A1, and the EGR can be performed smoothly. .
[0022]
Furthermore, since the third intake state that supplies only fresh air does not require EGR at all, sufficient fresh air can be supplied during the acceleration operation in which the amount of fresh air tends to be insufficient, so that the occurrence of smoke can be suppressed. .
Accordingly, by adjusting and controlling the control valve 8 according to the operating state of the engine, only the fresh air A2, the mixed gas of the fresh air A2 and the EGR gas G2, or only the EGR gas G2 is selected, and the mixed gas Therefore, the EGR can be efficiently performed at the optimum EGR rate. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the NOx emission amount in the exhaust gas in the entire operation region of the supercharged engine.
[0023]
Furthermore, since the EGR gas G2 is compressed and boosted by the EGR gas compressor 5, EGR can be performed smoothly even during high load operation of a supercharged engine with high intake pressure, and NOx can be reduced. it can.
In addition, since the fresh air A2 can be compressed and boosted by the EGR gas compressor 5 as needed, a sufficient amount of intake air can be secured to the cylinder, and smoke and deterioration of fuel consumption can be prevented.
[0024]
In addition, the load on the turbo 2 can be changed by controlling the control valve 8 and changing the flow rates of the EGR gas G2, A2, etc., and the compressors 3, 5 Since it can drive | operate with an efficient operating point, a fuel consumption can also be improved.
And according to the EGR device of this configuration, the clutch mechanism is not required for the device that drives the EGR gas compressor only when the EGR gas compressor needs to be boosted by providing the clutch-controlled EGR gas compressor. It becomes compact and the cost and reliability are improved. Further, since the fresh air A2 can be supplied also from the EGR gas compressor 5, it is possible to supply sufficient fresh air A1 + A2 at the time of acceleration or the like where the fresh air is likely to be insufficient. Further, no power is required to drive the compressor other than the energy of the exhaust gas, and the control target is also a control valve, so that the control mechanism is easy.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the EGR device for a supercharged engine of the present invention, an EGR gas compressor coaxial with the intake air compressor is provided in the EGR passage, and fresh air is provided in the EGR passage upstream of the EGR gas compressor. And a control valve is provided at the connecting portion between the second intake passage and the EGR passage, and the control valve is controlled so that only EGR gas, EGR gas and fresh air, Since only fresh air is selectively boosted and supplied to the intake passage side, it is possible to supply EGR gas and fresh air according to the operating state of the engine, and at the time of EGR, the EGR rate is the optimum EGR rate. Can be efficiently performed, and sufficient fresh air can be supplied when it is necessary to increase the fresh air.
[0026]
Since the EGR gas is boosted by the EGR gas compressor and supplied to the intake passage, the EGR can be smoothly performed even in a high intake pressure state in the high load operation region. Can be expanded.
Therefore, the exhaust amount of NOx in the exhaust gas can be reduced in the entire operation region of the supercharged engine, and the amount of smoke generated can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an EGR device for a supercharged engine according to the present invention.
2A and 2B are schematic diagrams showing an EGR region of the prior art, in which FIG. 2A shows an EGR region of an EGR device of a supercharged engine, and FIG. 2B shows an EGR region of an EGR device in a VG turbo engine;
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an EGR device for a supercharged engine according to the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 2 Turbocharger turbine 3 Supercharger compressor 5 EGR gas compressor 6 Intercooler 7 EGR cooler 9 EGR passage 11 Intake passage 11a Intake manifold 12 Exhaust passage 12a Exhaust manifold 13 Second intake passage 14 Rotational speed sensor 15 Load Sensor 20 Controller (ECU) 30 EGR map

Claims (1)

エンジン(1)の排気通路(12)に設けたタービン(2)によって、吸気通路(11)に設けたコンプレッサ(3)を駆動する過給式エンジンにおいて、前記排気通路(12)と前記吸気通路(11)とを接続したEGR通路(9)に、前記タービン(2)によって駆動され、かつ、EGRガス(G2)を昇圧して前記吸気通路(11)に供給するEGRガスコンプレッサ(5)を設けると共に、該EGRガスコンプレッサ(5)の上流側の前記EGR通路(9)に新気(A2)を導入する第2吸気通路(13)を設けて、該第2吸気通路(13)と前記EGR通路(9)との連結部に制御弁(8)を配設し、該制御弁(8)を制御することにより、EGRガス(G2)、EGRガス(G2)と新気(A2)の混合ガス、新気(A2)を選択的に前記EGRガスコンプレッサ(5)に供給できるように構成した過給式エンジンのEGR装置。In a supercharged engine in which a compressor (3) provided in an intake passage (11) is driven by a turbine (2) provided in an exhaust passage (12) of the engine (1), the exhaust passage (12) and the intake passage An EGR gas compressor (5) driven by the turbine (2) and pressurized to supply EGR gas (G2) to the intake passage (11) is connected to the EGR passage (9) connected to (11). A second intake passage (13) for introducing fresh air (A2) into the EGR passage (9) on the upstream side of the EGR gas compressor (5), and the second intake passage (13) and the A control valve (8) is disposed at the connection portion with the EGR passage (9), and the control valve (8) is controlled, so that the EGR gas (G2), the EGR gas (G2), and the fresh air (A2) Select mixed gas, fresh air (A2) EGR system of a turbo engine which is configured to be supplied to the EGR gas compressor (5).
JP27833497A 1997-10-13 1997-10-13 EGR device for supercharged engine Expired - Fee Related JP3627470B2 (en)

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US6145313A (en) * 1997-03-03 2000-11-14 Allied Signal Inc. Turbocharger incorporating an integral pump for exhaust gas recirculation

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