JP3627085B2 - Waste plastic oil making equipment - Google Patents

Waste plastic oil making equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3627085B2
JP3627085B2 JP7927897A JP7927897A JP3627085B2 JP 3627085 B2 JP3627085 B2 JP 3627085B2 JP 7927897 A JP7927897 A JP 7927897A JP 7927897 A JP7927897 A JP 7927897A JP 3627085 B2 JP3627085 B2 JP 3627085B2
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Prior art keywords
water
oil
waste plastic
quenching tower
circulating cooling
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JP7927897A
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JPH10273676A (en
Inventor
利雄 濱
靖男 佐藤
慎也 菊地
伸吾 嶋▲崎▼
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、廃プラスチックを熱分解油化する際に生成した有害分解ガスや酸性成分を効果的に且つ低コストで除去することができる廃プラスチック油化装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、廃プラスチックの熱分解に伴って生成した有害分解ガスや酸性成分を除去するには、例えば、
(1) 廃プラスチック油化装置に廃プラスチックを投入する際、予めポリ塩化ビニルを手選別により除去したり、比重差を利用した湿式浮上分離や乾式風力分離によって分別除去し、あるいは熱分解槽の前に加熱による脱塩槽を設けてポリ塩化ビニルを除去または熱分解する方法や、
(2) 熱分解ガスの排出管に粒状薬剤入りの固定吸収塔を設置し、これに塩化水素ガスおよび塩素ガスを吸収させる方法などがあった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記(1) の方法では、手選別に膨大な労力を要し、湿式浮上分離では多量の排水が生じ、乾式風力分離では分離精度が悪く、加熱による脱塩槽ではこのような余計な槽設置のために設備費が嵩む上に、廃プラスチック融液の輸送困難などの問題が生じた。また、上記(2) の方法では、気体と固体の反応のため吸収性が悪く、またハンドリングも難しかった。
【0004】
そこで、これらの問題点を解消するために、廃プラスチックを熱分解釜に投入する廃プラスチック投入装置と、投入された廃プラスチックを熱分解する熱分解釜と、熱分解釜より発生する油蒸気および分解ガスを水で冷却する急冷塔と、冷却に使用した水をアルカリで中和する中和槽と、凝縮した油分と水分を分離する油水分離槽とからなり、急冷塔内の水のpHを1〜2に調整する廃プラスチック油化装置が提案されている(特願平8−187063参照)。
【0005】
この装置によると、予めポリ塩化ビニルを除去することなく、廃プラスチックをそのまま熱分解釜に投入可能であって、ハンドリングが容易であり、しかも生成した有害分解ガスや酸性成分を効果的に且つ低コストで除去することができるという利点がある反面、中和槽が必要であること、急冷塔の内部や冷却水循環ラインを耐酸性材質で構成すること、急冷塔に相当量の水を補給する必要があることなどの問題があった。
【0006】
本発明は、上記の点に鑑み、予めポリ塩化ビニルを除去することなく、廃プラスチックをそのまま熱分解釜に投入可能であって、ハンドリングが容易である上に、生成した有害分解ガスや酸性成分を効果的に且つ低コストで除去することができるという利点を有し、しかも、中和槽を必要とせず、急冷塔の内部や冷却水循環ラインを耐酸性材質で構成する必要がなく、急冷塔への水の補給量が少なくて済む廃プラスチック油化装置を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明による廃プラスチック油化装置は、上記目的を達成すべく工夫されたものであって、塩素系樹脂を含む廃プラスチックを熱分解釜に投入する廃プラスチック投入装置と、投入された廃プラスチックを熱分解する熱分解釜と、熱分解釜より発生する油蒸気および分解ガスを循環冷却水で冷却する急冷塔と、急冷塔に補給水を常時供給する補給水供給ラインと、循環冷却水の一部を抜き出して凝縮した油分と水分を分離する油水分離槽と、油水分離槽で得られた水分を冷却して急冷塔に戻す排水循環ラインと、循環冷却水に中和用アルカリを注入するアルカリ注入装置とを備えている廃プラスチック油化装置において、急冷塔の循環冷却水のpHを検知するpHメータと、油水分離槽から急冷塔に戻される排水中のClイオンの濃度を検出するClイオン濃度検出装置とをさらに備えており、pHメータからの信号に基づいてアルカリ注入装置より循環冷却水に中和用アルカリが注入されることにより、急冷塔内液のpHがコントロールされているとともに、Clイオン濃度検出装置の検出値に基づいて補給水供給ラインのバルブの開度が調整されることにより、排水中の塩濃度が所定値を越えないように補給水の量が調整されていることを特徴とするものである。
【0008】
ここで、塩素系樹脂とは、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)、ポリ塩化ビニリデンなどの塩素含有樹脂をいう。本発明の装置は、例えば廃電線のように塩素系樹脂を含むがニトリル系樹脂を含まない廃プラスチックを油化するのに適している。
【0009】
廃プラスチックの熱分解によって、分解油蒸気と、HCl、低沸点炭化水素などの分解ガスが発生する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を下記実施例によって具体的に説明する。
【0011】
図1において、ポリ塩化ビニル等の塩素系樹脂を含む廃プラスチックは、フィーダによって熱分解釜(1) 内に投入される。熱分解釜(1) は加熱炉(2) によって加熱され、廃プラスチックは分解されて、分解油蒸気と分解ガスを生じる。分解油蒸気と分解ガスの混合気体は、触媒反応塔(3) でさらに低分子成分に改質され、還流ポット(4) で一部の重質成分が凝縮して分解釜(1) に戻される。還流ポット(4) を出た分解油蒸気と分解ガスの混合気体は、急冷塔(クエンチャー式の凝縮器)(5) へ送られる。
【0012】
急冷塔(5) の冷却水は塔底から塔頂へ塔外部のポンプ(6) により循環させられるとともに、急冷塔(5) には補給水供給ライン(7) から補給水が常時供給されている。そして、分解油蒸気と分解ガスの混合気体が冷却水との直接接触によって冷却され、凝縮される。凝縮油は、オーバーフロー形式で循環水と共に急冷塔(5) から抜き出され、油水分離槽(8) へ送られる。急冷塔(5) で凝縮しなかったガスは、燃焼炉(9) により焼却処理される。
【0013】
油水分離槽(8) の上層の回収油は油タンク(10)に貯留され、一部は加熱炉(2) の燃料として使用され、余剰の回収油は工場ボイラー(11)等の燃料に使用される。油水分離槽(8) の下層の水分(排水)の大部分は、排水冷却用熱交換器(16)を含む排水循環ライン(12)を経て、急冷塔(5) に戻される。油水分離槽(8) から出た排水の一部は排水処理装置(13)で処理された後に排出される。
【0014】
急冷塔(5) には、循環冷却水のpHを検知するpHメータ(14)が設けられており、pHメータ(14) からの信号に基づいてアルカリ注入装置(15)より循環冷却水にNaOH水が注入され、急冷塔内液のpHがコントロールされている。したがって、中和槽を別途設ける必要はなく、また、急冷塔(5) の内部や冷却水循環ラインを耐酸性材質で構成する必要もない。
【0015】
油水分離槽(8) から急冷塔(5) に戻される排水のClイオン濃度は、Clイオン濃度検出装置(17)により検出されている。この検出値に基づいて、補給水供給ライン(7) のバルブ(18)の開度が調整され、塩濃度が排出規制値(3wt%)を上回らないように急冷塔(5) に供給される補給水の量が調節されている。例えば、1%塩ビ含有廃プラスチックを125kg/hで処理した場合、補給水の流量は50リットル/h以下でよい。急冷塔内の水のpHを1〜2に調整する廃プラスチック油化装置では、pHを1とするには、200リットル/h、pHを2とするには、2000リットル/hの補給水がそれぞれ必要であり、これに比べて、本発明による廃プラスチック油化装置は、補給水の量が少なくて済む。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように本発明によれば、予めポリ塩化ビニルを除去することなく、廃プラスチックをそのまま熱分解槽に投入可能であって、ハンドリングが容易である上に、生成した有害分解ガスや酸性成分を効果的に且つ低コストで除去することができるという利点を有し、しかも、中和槽を必要とせず、急冷塔の内部や冷却水循環ラインを耐酸性材質で構成する必要がない。また、油水分離槽からの排出水量が少ないので、排水処理装置がコンパクトになる。そして、排水中の塩濃度が所定値を越えないように補給水の量を調節することにより、塩濃度を規制値以下に抑えることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態を示す系統図である。
【符号の説明】
1:熱分解釜
5:急冷塔
7:補給水供給ライン
8:油水分離槽
12:排水循環ライン
14:pHメータ
15:アルカリ注入装置
17:Clイオン濃度検出装置
18:バルブ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste plastic oil converting apparatus capable of effectively and inexpensively removing harmful decomposition gas and acidic components generated when waste plastic is pyrolyzed into oil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to remove harmful decomposition gas and acid components generated by thermal decomposition of waste plastic, for example,
(1) When waste plastic is put into the waste plastic oiling device, polyvinyl chloride is removed beforehand by hand, separated by wet flotation or dry wind separation using the difference in specific gravity, or in the pyrolysis tank A method of removing or thermally decomposing polyvinyl chloride by installing a desalination tank by heating,
(2) There was a method in which a fixed absorption tower containing granular chemicals was installed in the pyrolysis gas discharge pipe to absorb hydrogen chloride gas and chlorine gas.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above method (1) requires a great deal of labor for manual sorting, a large amount of wastewater is generated in wet flotation separation, the separation accuracy is poor in dry wind separation, and such extra salt is required in a desalination tank by heating. In addition to increasing the equipment costs for installing the tank, problems such as difficulty in transporting the waste plastic melt occurred. In the method (2), the absorbability is poor due to the reaction between gas and solid, and handling is difficult.
[0004]
Therefore, in order to solve these problems, a waste plastic charging device that inputs waste plastic into the pyrolysis kettle, a thermal cracking kettle that pyrolyzes the introduced waste plastic, and oil vapor generated from the pyrolysis kettle and It consists of a quenching tower that cools the cracked gas with water, a neutralization tank that neutralizes the water used for cooling with alkali, and an oil-water separation tank that separates the condensed oil and water, and adjusts the pH of the water in the quenching tower. A waste plastic oil converting apparatus that adjusts to 1 or 2 has been proposed (see Japanese Patent Application No. 8-187063).
[0005]
According to this apparatus, waste plastic can be put into the pyrolysis kettle as it is without removing polyvinyl chloride in advance, handling is easy, and the generated harmful decomposition gas and acidic components are effectively and lowly reduced. While there is an advantage that it can be removed at a cost, a neutralization tank is necessary, the inside of the quenching tower and the cooling water circulation line are made of an acid-resistant material, and a considerable amount of water needs to be supplied to the quenching tower There were problems such as being.
[0006]
In view of the above points, the present invention allows waste plastic to be put into a pyrolysis kettle as it is without removing polyvinyl chloride in advance, is easy to handle, and produces harmful decomposition gas and acidic components. Can be removed effectively and at low cost, and there is no need for a neutralization tank, and it is not necessary to configure the inside of the quenching tower or the cooling water circulation line with an acid-resistant material. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic oil converting device that requires a small amount of water supply to the water.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to the present invention has been devised to achieve the above-described object, and includes a waste plastic charging apparatus for charging waste plastic containing a chlorine-based resin into a pyrolysis kettle, and a waste plastic input. A pyrolysis tank for pyrolysis, a quenching tower that cools oil vapor and cracked gas generated from the pyrolysis kettle with circulating cooling water, a makeup water supply line that constantly supplies makeup water to the quenching tower, and a circulating cooling water An oil / water separation tank that separates the oil and water condensed by extracting the water, a drain circulation line that cools the water obtained in the oil / water separation tank and returns it to the quenching tower, and an alkali that injects neutralizing alkali into the circulating cooling water in waste plastics Yuka apparatus and a injecting device, a pH meter for detecting the pH of the circulating cooling water of the quench tower, detecting the concentration of Cl ions in the waste water that is returned from the oil-water separator tank quench tower That Cl comprises ion concentration measuring apparatus and further, by neutralizing alkali circulating cooling water from the alkali injection device is injected on the basis of a signal from the pH meter, pH of the quench tower liquid is controlled In addition, the amount of makeup water is adjusted so that the salt concentration in the wastewater does not exceed the predetermined value by adjusting the opening of the valve of the makeup water supply line based on the detection value of the Cl ion concentration detector. It is characterized by that.
[0008]
Here, the chlorine-based resin refers to a chlorine-containing resin such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyvinylidene chloride. The apparatus of the present invention is suitable for liquefying waste plastic that contains a chlorinated resin but does not contain a nitrile resin, such as a waste electric wire.
[0009]
Thermal decomposition of waste plastic generates cracked oil vapor and cracked gases such as HCl and low-boiling hydrocarbons.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the following examples.
[0011]
In FIG. 1, waste plastics containing a chlorine-based resin such as polyvinyl chloride are put into a pyrolysis kettle (1) by a feeder. The pyrolysis kettle (1) is heated by the heating furnace (2), and the waste plastic is decomposed to produce cracked oil vapor and cracked gas. The mixed gas of cracked oil vapor and cracked gas is further reformed to low molecular components in the catalytic reaction tower (3), and some heavy components are condensed in the reflux pot (4) and returned to the cracker (1). It is. The mixed gas of cracked oil vapor and cracked gas exiting the reflux pot (4) is sent to a quenching tower (quencher type condenser) (5).
[0012]
The cooling water in the quenching tower (5) is circulated from the tower bottom to the top of the tower by a pump (6) outside the tower, and the quenching tower (5) is always supplied with makeup water from the makeup water supply line (7). Yes. The mixed gas of cracked oil vapor and cracked gas is cooled and condensed by direct contact with the cooling water. Condensed oil is withdrawn from the quenching tower (5) along with the circulating water in an overflow form and sent to the oil / water separation tank (8). The gas that has not been condensed in the quenching tower (5) is incinerated in the combustion furnace (9).
[0013]
The recovered oil in the upper layer of the oil / water separation tank (8) is stored in the oil tank (10), part of it is used as fuel for the heating furnace (2), and the excess recovered oil is used as fuel for the factory boiler (11), etc. Is done. Most of the moisture (drainage) in the lower layer of the oil / water separation tank (8) is returned to the quenching tower (5) via the drainage circulation line (12) including the heat exchanger (16) for drainage cooling. Part of the drainage discharged from the oil / water separation tank (8) is discharged after being treated by the wastewater treatment device (13).
[0014]
The quenching tower (5) is provided with a pH meter (14) for detecting the pH of the circulating cooling water. Based on the signal from the pH meter ( 14 ), NaOH is added to the circulating cooling water from the alkali injection device ( 15 ). Water is injected, and the pH of the liquid in the quenching tower is controlled. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a neutralization tank separately, and it is not necessary to configure the inside of the quenching tower (5) or the cooling water circulation line with an acid resistant material.
[0015]
The Cl ion concentration of the wastewater returned from the oil / water separation tank (8) to the quenching tower (5) is detected by a Cl ion concentration detector (17). Based on this detected value, the opening degree of the valve (18) of the makeup water supply line (7) is adjusted and supplied to the quenching tower (5) so that the salt concentration does not exceed the discharge regulation value (3 wt%). The amount of makeup water is adjusted. For example, when waste plastic containing 1% PVC is treated at 125 kg / h, the flow rate of makeup water may be 50 liters / h or less. In a waste plastic oil making apparatus that adjusts the pH of water in the quenching tower to 1-2, 200 liters / h of make-up water is required to make pH 1 and 2000 liters / h of make-up water to make pH 2. Compared to this, the waste plastic oil making apparatus according to the present invention requires a smaller amount of makeup water.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, waste plastic can be put into a pyrolysis tank as it is without removing polyvinyl chloride in advance, and handling is easy. It has the advantage that the components can be removed effectively and at low cost, and does not require a neutralization tank, and it is not necessary to configure the inside of the quenching tower or the cooling water circulation line with an acid resistant material. Moreover , since the amount of discharged water from the oil / water separation tank is small, the waste water treatment apparatus becomes compact. By the salt concentration of the exhaust water to adjust the amount of makeup water so as not to exceed a predetermined value, it is possible to suppress the salt concentration below the regulated value.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: pyrolysis kettle 5: quenching tower 7: makeup water supply line 8: oil / water separation tank 12: drainage circulation line
14: pH meter 15: Alkaline injector 17: Cl ion concentration detector
18: Valve

Claims (1)

塩素系樹脂を含む廃プラスチックを熱分解釜に投入する廃プラスチック投入装置と、投入された廃プラスチックを熱分解する熱分解釜と、熱分解釜より発生する油蒸気および分解ガスを循環冷却水で冷却する急冷塔と、急冷塔に補給水を常時供給する補給水供給ラインと、循環冷却水の一部を抜き出して凝縮した油分と水分を分離する油水分離槽と、油水分離槽で得られた水分を冷却して急冷塔に戻す排水循環ラインと、循環冷却水に中和用アルカリを注入するアルカリ注入装置とを備えている廃プラスチック油化装置において、
急冷塔の循環冷却水のpHを検知するpHメータと、油水分離槽から急冷塔に戻される排水中のClイオンの濃度を検出するClイオン濃度検出装置とをさらに備えており、pHメータからの信号に基づいてアルカリ注入装置より循環冷却水に中和用アルカリが注入されることにより、急冷塔内液のpHがコントロールされているとともに、Clイオン濃度検出装置の検出値に基づいて補給水供給ラインのバルブの開度が調整されることにより、排水中の塩濃度が所定値を越えないように補給水の量が調整されていることを特徴とする廃プラスチック油化装置。
Waste plastic injection device that inputs waste plastic containing chlorinated resin into the pyrolysis kettle, thermal cracking kettle that pyrolyzes the waste plastic that was put in, and oil vapor and cracked gas generated from the pyrolysis kettle with circulating cooling water It was obtained in a quenching tower for cooling, a makeup water supply line for constantly supplying makeup water to the quenching tower, an oil / water separation tank for extracting a part of the circulating cooling water and separating the condensed oil and water, and an oil / water separation tank. In a waste plastic oil refiner equipped with a drain circulation line that cools moisture back to the quenching tower and an alkali injection device that injects alkali for neutralization into the circulating cooling water ,
A pH meter that detects the pH of the circulating cooling water in the quenching tower, and a Cl ion concentration detection device that detects the concentration of Cl ions in the wastewater returned to the quenching tower from the oil / water separation tank . The neutralization alkali is injected into the circulating cooling water from the alkali injection device based on the signal, so that the pH of the liquid in the quenching tower is controlled and the supply of makeup water based on the detection value of the Cl ion concentration detection device An amount of makeup water is adjusted so that the salt concentration in the wastewater does not exceed a predetermined value by adjusting the opening of the valve of the line .
JP7927897A 1997-03-31 1997-03-31 Waste plastic oil making equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3627085B2 (en)

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JP2005330437A (en) * 2004-05-21 2005-12-02 City Net:Kk Method and system for processing waste plastic and gas electric power generation system using waste plastic
JP2007229660A (en) * 2006-03-02 2007-09-13 Sunaoshi Purari Kk Process for treating waste containing vinyl chloride resin
CN102408901B (en) * 2011-10-12 2014-01-08 厦门大学 Method for quick thermal cracking of biomass and device thereof
CN106574190B (en) 2014-07-01 2021-10-29 阿内洛技术股份有限公司 Improved process for recovering valuable components from catalytic fast pyrolysis process
JP7457293B2 (en) * 2019-10-11 2024-03-28 阿部 荒喜 Water remover

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