JP3626819B2 - Processed raw meat - Google Patents
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- JP3626819B2 JP3626819B2 JP26049696A JP26049696A JP3626819B2 JP 3626819 B2 JP3626819 B2 JP 3626819B2 JP 26049696 A JP26049696 A JP 26049696A JP 26049696 A JP26049696 A JP 26049696A JP 3626819 B2 JP3626819 B2 JP 3626819B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、加熱調理後の食感が良好で加熱調理での歩留に優れる加工生肉に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
食品の内でも肉類,特に生肉は細菌や微生物の増殖があるため、チルド(冷蔵)や冷凍で流通されており、生肉をそのまま食する場合もあるが大部分は加熱調理して食するのが一般的である。しかし肉類を加熱調理すると、肉にパサツキがみられたり、肉が硬くなって食感が悪くなる、或は加熱によって肉の歩留が低下するなどの問題がしばしば見られた。
肉類の中でも、黒毛和牛のような肉用種をグレインフエッドで肥育した牛より得られた肉のように、肉質そのものが非常に軟らかくて加熱調理しても加熱調理後の肉の食感が良好なものもあるが、それだけ価格も非常に高くなるという問題があった。一方より安価な肉として、老廃家畜、経産家畜、ホルスタイン種などの乳肉種より得られる牛肉などでは肉質そのものが非常に硬くて加熱調理によってさらに食感が悪くなるなどの問題があった。
これに対して食肉の食感などを改善する試みとして、プロテアーゼ、界面活性剤、塩類、タンパク質などを使用する方法が提案されている。
【0003】
プロテアーゼを使用する方法としては、パパイヤ由来のパパインやパイナップル由来のプロメラインなどのようなプロテアーゼに加えて、食肉の風味などを重視してキウイフルーツまたはナシの抽出物で食肉を処理する方法(特開平4−27806号)やキウイフルーツの水溶性成分を精製後粉末状にした食肉改質剤(特開平7−170941号)を使用する方法、或は肉にプロテアーゼによる処理と筋原繊維蛋白質を主として軟化する高圧処理(100〜4000Kg/cm2 )の組合せによる方法(特開平5−7476号)等が提案されている。これらの方法では、肉タンパク自体を分解させて肉質を軟化させているが、肉の風味が変わったり、肉料理の種類によってプロテアーゼの反応条件や失活条件をコントロールする必要があった。
界面活性剤で食肉を処理する方法としては、新鮮な肉をアセチル化モノグリセライドのような有機酸モノグリセライドの中に浸漬するか、新鮮な肉に該モノグリセライドを噴霧して肉を安定化する方法(特開昭49−20353号)、モノグリセリド或はジグリセリドとポリカルボン酸とのエステルを含有する食肉改質剤で肉片を処理する方法(特開平07−170942号)などが提案されている。これらの方法では、食肉の貯蔵安定性を改善したり、ある程度肉質を軟らかくする作用は認めらるものの、肉に異味が感じられたり、肉本来の風味を悪くするなどの欠点が見られた。
【0004】
塩類で食肉を処理する方法としては、重炭酸ソーダの水溶液又はそれに調味料を添加した調味液に食肉を浸漬するなどの方法で食肉に重炭酸ソーダを含ませて、加熱処理する方法(特開平4−36167号)、塩化カルシウムなどのカルシウム塩に重炭酸ナトリウム及び/又はHLB10以上の乳化剤を混合した軟化剤(特開平4−148663号)を使用する方法などが提案されている。しかし、これらの方法では、重炭酸ソーダのようなアルカリ塩や乳化剤などの作用によって肉質の軟化や肉の保存性にある程度の効果を与えることができるものの、肉に苦味などの異味を与えて風味を悪くしたり、食品素材でなく食品添加物であるためにそれらの使用が嫌われる傾向にある。
タンパク質で食肉を処理する方法としては、大豆タンパク質及び/又は大豆タンパク質分解物を含有するピックル液を原料肉にインジェクションし、タンブリング後、冷凍庫で1〜3日間冷凍後、成型、スライスし、衣を付与してフライするフライ食品の製造法(特開平5−328939号)が提案されている。この方法では、肉と衣との結着性がよく、加熱調理後の肉に弾力を与える効果はあるが、肉質自体を硬くする傾向があった。
【0005】
一方、ハム、ソーセージなどの肉製品の調味、離水防止、水分活性の低下、歩留向上などの目的で、砂糖、グルコース、マルトース、水飴などの糖類やソルビットなどの糖アルコールが利用されている。これら糖質を生肉の品質改善に利用したものとして、例えばフライ食品原料(生肉、ソーセージ、或いはアップルパイ)を、DE8〜40のデキストリンに水素添加したデキストリンアルコール、マルチトール、プロピレングリコール、コーンシラップなどの湿潤剤の20〜60%水溶液中に浸漬して引き上げることで、湿潤剤を該フライ食品の表面に薄膜状に付着させ、ころもをつけずにフライするフライ食品(特開昭54−154541号)や、魚肉及び/又は畜肉の冷凍時、凍結乾燥時におけるタンパク質の変性を防止する重合度3〜10のオリゴ糖及び/又はその還元物を主成分とする糖質を魚肉及び/又は畜肉に添加した冷凍品、冷凍乾燥品(特開平5−103586号)などが提案されている。特開昭54−154541号は湿潤剤を肉などのフライ食品材料の表面に薄膜状に付着させることでフライ食品材料の表面の光沢をよくするものであり、特開平5−103586号は糖質によって冷凍中のタンパクの変質をある程度軽減している。しかし、上記のような糖質を肉に添加するだけでは、加熱による肉の縮みなどによって肉が硬くなるのを防止する効果は十分なものとはいえなかった。
【0006】
また、ミンチ肉、澱粉、食塩、調味料などからなる均一混合物をケーシングに詰め、ケーシング毎加熱して製造されるプレスハム、ソーセージなどでは、澱粉が系全体に分散し、加熱によって糊化されることで全体の食感の改良や離水防止効果が発揮される。しかし、豚カツのように肉塊を用いる場合には、澱粉を粉末の状態で肉塊に添加して加熱しても肉の表面だけの食感に影響を与えるものであるし、肉塊の内部まで澱粉を注入するために、予め澱粉を水溶液にして用いる場合には、高濃度にすると粘度が高くなりすぎるため低濃度でしか使用できず、従って、所望量の澱粉を添加することが困難であり、澱粉を水に懸濁させたスラリーを肉塊にインジェクションする等の方法では、澱粉が沈殿し易くて実用的でない、等の理由で、澱粉を用いて肉塊そのものの食感を改良する試みは殆どなされていなかった。
【0007】
加熱調理における肉の歩留向上に関しては、大豆蛋白等のタンパク質などがある程度効果をもたらすことは知られているが、加熱調理後の肉が硬くなり、食感上あまり好ましいものでなかった。
加熱調理後の肉の食感を改善することに関して、本発明者はDE4以下のデキストリンのようなゲル形成性澱粉加水分解物とDE7〜45の澱粉分解物のようにゲル非形成性糖質を含む水溶液を生肉に添加する加工生肉(特願平8−128404号)を提案して、加熱調理後の肉の食感を良好にすることを可能にしたが、加熱調理における肉の歩留の点では改善の余地が残されていた。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明は、加熱調理での歩留がよく、加熱調理後の肉の食感に優れた加工生肉を提供することである。
【0009】
【課題を解決する為の手段】
本発明者等は上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意努力の結果、糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリンを含む混合液を用いて生肉を処理することにより上記課題が解決されることを見出し本発明を完成させた。
本発明は、糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリンを含む混合液を生肉に添加してなる加工生肉である。
生肉に対する添加量(固形分)として、糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉0.2〜10重量%、DE4以下のデキストリン0.2〜5重量%が好ましい
本発明に使用する澱粉は糊化開始温度70℃以下の末糊化の澱粉で、好ましくは、その平均粒径が20μm以下であり、さらに好ましくは糯米澱粉及びその加工澱粉である。
さらに、糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリン以外の糖質、特にDE10〜25の澱粉分解物を、混合液に添加し、その固形分濃度を20〜35重量%に調節して添加するのが好ましい。。
また、混合液の添加法は特に限定されないが、混合液を生肉にインジェクションすることによってなされることが好ましい。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の対象とする生肉は、牛、豚、羊などの家畜、鶏、七面鳥、鴨、ガチョウなどの家きん類から得られ、肉の表面積として少なくとも1cm2 程度以上の大きさを有するブロック状で、焼く、煮るなどの加熱処理が施されていない肉類を総称し、硬質タイプの肉、生鮮肉、チルドの肉、冷凍の肉などを包含する。但し、冷凍の肉は予め解凍してから、本発明の処理を施すことが好ましい。
【0011】
この明細書において、「加熱調理後の肉」とは、焼肉、焼鳥、ステーキ、カツ、鶏野菜煮、肉野菜煮、肉じゃが、カレー、シチュー、茶碗蒸しなどのように焼く、炒める、揚げる、煮込む、蒸すなどの加熱処理を施した肉、及び肉料理中に含まれる肉を指称し、加熱調理の方法は特に限定されない。
この明細書において、「インジェクションする」とは、ハムなどで利用されているピックル液注射機を用いる方法で、肉塊の中心部や間節の周囲に注射針を突きさし、澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリン(及びさらに他の糖質)を含有する混合液を圧力をかけて押し出すことにより、混合液を肉塊の内部まで注入することを意味する。インジェクションにより、生肉に対する混合液の添加を、容易かつ短時間で実施できる。これに対して、混合液を肉塊に噴霧したり、混合液に肉塊を浸漬するなどの方法を用いて混合液を肉塊に添加してもよいが、これらの方法では混合液が肉塊の表面のみの添加であったり、時間をかけても混合液が肉塊の内部まで浸透しないなどの問題があるので、本発明では混合液を肉塊に添加する方法としてインジェクションすることが望ましい。
【0012】
本発明に使用する澱粉とは、その糊化開始温度が70℃以下の未糊化澱粉である。未糊化澱粉とは常温水で溶解ないし膨潤しない澱粉を意味し、その糊化開始温度で表現すれば約40℃以上のものが好ましい。従って、本発明で使用する澱粉はその糊化開始温度が約40〜70℃の澱粉が好ましい。常温水に溶解ないし膨潤する澱粉では、澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリンを含有する混合液にした時の粘度が高くなってインジェクションし難くなるだけでなく、食感改善効果も乏しい。また、糊化開始温度が70℃を越える澱粉では、生肉の加熱処理後の食感改善効果及び歩留向上効果とも劣る。
この条件を満たす澱粉であれば、未加工の澱粉、各種加工澱粉の区別を問わず、何れも使用でき、具体的には、小麦澱粉、ワキシーコーンスターチ、タピオカ澱粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、糯米澱粉及びこれらの加工澱粉、更に糊化開始温度が70℃を越える澱粉、例えばコーンスターチ、粳米澱粉、甘藷澱粉、大麦澱粉などであっても、それらを加工することによって糊化開始温度が上記範囲内になるようにした加工澱粉は使用できる。これらの中でも、好ましくは澱粉粒子の平均粒径が20μm以下の澱粉、具体的にはワキシーコーンスターチ、タピオカ澱粉、糯米澱粉及びそれらの加工澱粉、コーンスターチや粳米澱粉の加工澱粉などであり、更に好ましくは糯米澱粉及びその加工澱粉である。これらの澱粉を適宜選択することにより本発明の目的をより効果的に達成することができる。
【0013】
尚、加工澱粉は天然澱粉(未加工の澱粉)を何らかの方法で加工処理した澱粉を表現し、具体的には常法により加工して、一般的に熱処理澱粉、漂白澱粉、酸化澱粉、温水可溶性澱粉、架橋澱粉、エーテル化澱粉、エステル化澱粉、架橋エステル化澱粉、架橋エーテル化澱粉と呼ばれている加工澱粉を包含する。これらの中でも、酸化澱粉、エーテル化澱粉、エステル化澱粉にすると、その加工の程度に従って糊化開始温度が低下するので、本願の糊化開始温度の条件を満たさない天然澱粉の加工方法として有効である。
また、本発明で述べる糊化開始温度は、ブラベンダーアミログラフを用いて澱粉濃度20重量%の澱粉懸濁液(懸濁液500g中に澱粉を絶乾物として100gと食塩7.5gを含有)を攪拌しながら30℃より1分間1.5℃の昇温速度で加熱し、澱粉が糊化する前にはチャート上のベースラインを動いていたペン先(マーカー)が澱粉の糊化による粘度上昇の為にベースラインからズレを生じるようになるが、そのズレの生じた温度を読み取った値で表示する。
【0014】
本発明に使用するDE4以下のデキストリンとは、澱粉を水に分散し、これに酵素(例えば、アルファーアミラーゼ、イソアミラーゼ、プルラナーゼ)及び/又は酸(例えば、塩酸や蓚酸)を添加し、加熱して糊化してDE4以下に加水分解し、必要に応じて脱色、脱イオンなどの精製をし、噴霧乾燥、ドラム乾燥などで粉末状にして得られるもので、DEが4を越えると本発明の効果が発揮できなくなる。また、DE4以下のデキストリンの中でも、本発明をより効果的に実施するためには固形分20重量%水溶液が60℃で5〜1000CP程度の粘度を有し、9℃に冷却して15時間後に70〜300g程度のゲル強度を示すものが好ましい。尚、DEとは澱粉分解物中の固形分当りの還元糖分当りの還元糖(グルコースとして)の含有量を意味し、DE4以下のデキストリンの粘度は固形分20重量%の水溶液を60℃まで加熱して、B型回転粘度計を用いて測定した値であり、ゲル強度は粘度測定後の水溶液を9℃まで冷却し、この温度で15時間保持後、(株)レオテック製のレオメータを用い、プランジャーサイズ球形7mmを使用して測定した値である。
また、DE4以下のデキストリンを製造する原料澱粉としては特に限定はなく、市販の澱粉、例えば馬鈴薯澱粉、コーンスターチ、小麦澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、ワキシーコーンスターチなどが用いられる。
【0015】
本発明では糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリンを含む混合液を、生肉に添加する。混合液は所定量の水に所定量の糊化開始温度70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリンを投入し、攪拌して調製する。混合液中の糊化開始温度70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリン澱粉の合計の濃度は、生肉への澱粉とデキストリン及び混合液の添加量により決められるが、固形分濃度としては概ね4〜20重量%が好ましい。生肉への混合液の添加は、インジェクションにより行うことが好ましいが、インジェクションする際の混合液の温度は、生肉の変質を防ぐ上で、生肉の温度と同程度にするのが望ましい。混合液の生肉に対する添加量は、あまりに少ないと均一に添加することが困難になり、結果的に本発明の目的が達せられなくなるし、あまりに多いと肉に保持され難くなって逆に歩留まりが低下するので、生肉100重量部に対して5〜50重量部程度が好ましい。混合液をインジェクションした生肉は、好ましくはタンブラー又はバキュームタンブラーを用いてタンブリングする。
【0016】
このようにして糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリンを生肉に添加して本発明の加工生肉は得られる。その際の生肉に対する糊化開始温度70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリンの添加量は、好ましくはそれぞれ0.2〜10重量%及び0.2〜5重量%、更に好ましくは0.5〜5重量%及び0.5〜3重量%である。糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉添加量が0.2重量%未満では加熱調理での歩留向上効果、食感改善効果とも弱く、10重量%を越えると加熱調理後の食感及び食味に異和感を生じる。一方、DE4以下のデキストリンの添加量が0.2重量%未満では加熱調理後の肉の食感の改善効果が乏しく、舌ざわりが悪くて旨さが弱くなったりし、5重量%を越えて多くなると加熱調理後の肉の食感が悪くなる傾向にある。
【0017】
更に糊化開始温度70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下の澱粉を含む混合液に、他の糖質及び他の添加物(食塩やグルタミン酸など)を加えて、全固形分濃度を20〜35重量%に調整しておくと、肉の旨さをひき立たせる効果があって好ましい。本発明に使用する他の糖質、すなわち、糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリン以外の糖質としては、グルコース、異性化糖などの単糖類、蔗糖、マルトース、イソマルトースなどの二糖類、ソルビトール、マルチトールなどの糖アルコール、マルトトリオース、マルトテトラオースなどのオリゴ糖、DE7〜45程度の澱粉分解物及びそれらの水素添加物の他、シクロデキストリン等が挙げられ、その形状としては、液状、粉末状、顆粒状の何れでも使用できる。これらの糖質の内でもDE10〜25の澱粉分解物を使用すると、特に品質の劣る肉の旨味を補強する効果もあって好ましい。
【0018】
本発明において、他の添加物は特に必要とされないが、必要に応じて添加することもできる。このような添加物としては、例えば、食塩、グルタミン酸ナトリウム、イノシン酸ナトリウムなどの調味料、植物性蛋白、卵蛋白、乳蛋白などの蛋白質類、亜硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、ニコチン酸アミドなどの発色剤又は発色助剤、L−アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、エリソルビン酸、エリソルビン酸ナトリウム、α−トコフェロールなどの酸化防止剤、ごま油、大豆白絞油などの油脂類、キサンタンガム、グアーガム、アルファー澱粉等の増粘剤などの他、香辛料、重合リン酸塩などが挙げられる。
これらの中でも食塩は、何れの料理においても基本的な調味料なので生肉に対して0.5%程度添加しておくことが食味の点から好ましい。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
従来、生肉そのものを加熱すると、加熱によって肉の縮みが大きくなって肉が硬くなったりして食感が悪くなる、或は加熱によって肉の歩留低下がおこるなどの現象がみられ、本発明者の先の提案(特願平8−128404号)でも加熱調理後の食感を改善することを可能にしたが、加熱調理における肉の歩留についてまでは考慮にいれてなかった。これに対して本発明に係る、糊化開始温度が70℃以下の澱粉とDE4以下のデキストリンを含有する混合液を生肉に添加してなる加工生肉は、加熱調理での肉の歩留がよく、加熱調理後の肉の食感に優れている。つまり、加熱による肉汁の流逸が顕著に抑制され、各種の肉料理に供して味もよく、ジューシーでソフトな優れた食感が得られると共に、加熱調理による歩留も顕著に改善される。さらにこの歩留は、加熱調理の流逸抑制効果を示すものであり、混合液の添加を加味すると元の生肉に対しては大幅な歩留向上効果となり、経済効果も大である。また、料理の種類に応じて好みの形状、例えば好みのサイズのブロック状、スライス状、ミンチ状にしてもよい。さらに、本発明の加工生肉はそのまま加熱調理することは勿論、冷蔵、或は冷凍してからでも加熱調理に供することができる。
【0020】
以下に参考例、実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、これらの例において、部は重量部を示す。
【参考例1】
攪拌下の水120部にタピオカ澱粉100部を投入して分散し、3%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を投入しpHを9.5に維持しながら、無水酢酸4部を投入して反応させ、10%塩酸で中和、水洗、乾燥して糊化開始温度59℃のエステル化タピオカ澱粉を得た。
【参考例2】
攪拌下の水130部に硫酸ナトリウム20部を溶解し、コーンスターチ100部を投入して分散させ、3%水酸化ナトリウム溶液35部を滴下し、プロピレンオキサイド6部を添加し40℃で20時間反応後、10%硫酸で中和、水洗、乾燥して、糊化開始温度60℃のエーテル化コーンスターチを得た。
【参考例3】
攪拌下の水130部に硫酸ナトリウム10部を溶解し、糯米澱粉100部を投入して分散させ、トリメタリン酸ソーダ0.01部を投入し、40℃で10時間反応後、10%硫酸で中和、水洗、乾燥して、糊化開始温度65℃の架橋糯米澱粉を得た。
【0021】
【実施例1】
コーンスターチ、馬鈴薯澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、糯米澱粉、参考例1〜3で得られた加工澱粉の物性を表1に記載した。尚、澱粉の平均粒径は、SALD1000(島津製作所製のレーザ回折式粒度測定装置)を用いて求めた値である。
攪拌下にある水に表1の澱粉及びパセリSA−2(商品名:オランダ アベベ社製のDE約2のデキストリンで固形分濃度20重量%水溶液の濃度が60℃で8cpになり、この液を9℃に冷却して15時間後に100gのゲル強度を示す)を投入し、攪拌を続け、混合液100部中に固形分として澱粉10部とパセリSA−2を4部、食塩2.5部を含む混合液を調製後9℃に冷却した。
食肉加工業者より直接入手した厚さ約20cmの生鮮豚もも肉ブロック(品温約9℃)100部に上記の混合液20部(澱粉2部、パセリSA−2を0.8部、食塩0.5部)をインジェクションし、20分間タンブリングして表2の加工生肉を製造した。
タンブリング後の生肉と未処理の生肉を3×3×2cmに裁断し、未処理の生肉を対照例として、90℃で10分間蒸煮し、蒸煮した肉を下記の基準で評価した。結果を表2に示す。
【0022】
【表1】
【0023】
【表2】
【0024】
【実施例2】
混合液中に食塩を2.5%、澱粉No.7の架橋糯米澱粉、パセリSA−2を表3の割合で含有する混合液を調製し、生肉100部に対する混合液の添加量を40部(生肉に対する添加量として食塩0.5%と糯米澱粉とパセリSA−2は表3に示す)とした以外は実施例1に準じて加工生肉を製造し、実施例1の評価方法を用いて評価した。結果を表4に示す。
【0025】
【表3】
【0026】
【表4】
【0027】
【実施例3】
澱粉No.4の糯米澱粉5%、パセリSA−2を3.5%、食塩1.5%及びパインデックス#2(商品名:松谷化学工業製でDE約12の澱粉分解物)を加えるか又は加えないで固形分濃度が、10%、15%、25%、30%、40%の混合液を調製した。
これらの混合液20部を使用して実施例1に従って加工生肉を製造し、実施例1に準じて調理し、評価した。結果を表5に示す。
【表5】
【0028】
【実施例4】
ホルスタイン種の乳牛から製造されたブロック状のロース肉の冷凍品を冷蔵庫(約9℃)に入れて解凍した。
次に、糯米澱粉8%、パセリSA−2を7%、食塩2.5%及びこれに糖質を加えて、固形分濃度が20%の混合液を調製した。
糖質としてはパインデックス#1(商品名:松谷化学工業製でDE約8の澱粉分解物)、パインデックス#2(商品名:松谷化学工業製でDE約12の澱粉分解物)、パインデックス#3(商品名:松谷化学工業製でDE約22の澱粉分解物)、パインデックス#6(商品名:松谷化学工業製でDE約38の澱粉分解物)、グルコース、マルトース、砂糖を用いた。
実施例1に準じてこれらの混合液20部を解凍した生肉100部に添加し、実施例1に準じて調理した。
糖質を添加しない肉でも柔らかく、ジューシー感は得られるが、肉らしさ(肉の香りや味)が弱くてまずく感じられたのに、糖質の添加によって何れも味が改善されて食べやすくなり、糖質の内でもパインデックス#2、或はパインデックス#3を用いた時には旨さも感じられようになった。
【0029】
【実施例5】
混合液100部中に澱粉No.7の架橋糯米澱粉20部、パセリSA−2を4部、食塩3.8部、TK−16(松谷化学工業製でDE約18の澱粉分解物)4.2部を含む混合液を調製し、8℃まで冷却した。
この混合液15部を豚バラ肉一枚物(約8℃)に上記の混合液15部をインジェクションし、40分間タンブリングして加工生肉を製造した。
上記の加工生肉、及び未処理の豚バラ肉を100℃の水100部につけ60分間ボイルした。ボイリングした肉を取り出し、重量測定後冷却し、スライサーで5×5×2cmにカットした。
加熱前後の重量差から計算したボイリング歩留は加工生肉で85.2%、未処理の豚バラ肉で67.4%であった。
一方、肉を取り出した液を冷却し、油を除去した煮汁を、表6の処方で加熱処理してタレをつくり、このタレをカットした肉と一緒にパック詰めし、90℃で40分加熱殺菌後、冷却して豚角煮を得た。
豚角煮中の肉を食したところ、硬くてジューシー感が不足していた未処理の豚バラ肉より得られた肉に比して、加工生肉より得られた肉では柔らかく、ジューシー感もあって美味なものであった。
【0030】
【表6】
【0031】
【実施例6】
全量100部中各種成分を表7の割合で含む混合液30部を、豚肩ロース肉一本物100部にインジェクションし、30分間タンブリング後、未処理の豚肩ロース肉と共に75℃で120分間蒸煮した。
加熱前後の重量差よりみたボイリング歩留は加工生肉で88%、未処理の豚肩ロース肉では75.0%であった。
蒸煮後の肉を表8の処方からなるタレにつけ、オーブンを使用し、250℃で20分間焼成して焼き豚にした。
タレをつけるだけで焼成した焼き豚では、硬さがあって、ジューシー感の不足もみられたが、本発明による焼き豚は柔らかく、ジューシー感もあって美味しいものであった。
【0032】
【表7】
【0033】
【表8】
【0034】
【実施例7】
糯米澱粉7重量%、パセリSA−2を7重量%、食塩3.8重量%、TK−16を15.2重量%を含有する混合液を調製し、この混合液15部をブロック状の鶏胸肉一枚物100部にインジェクションし、60分間タンブリングして得られた加工生肉と未処理の鶏胸肉に小麦粉をまぶし、全卵液にくぐらせ、パン粉をまぶし、160〜170℃の温度で6分間油ちょうしてチキンカツを得た。
本発明によるチキンカツ中の肉は、未処理の鶏胸肉由来のチキンカツ中の肉に比して、より柔らかく、ジューシー感などが強かった。
【0035】
【実施例8】
架橋糯米澱粉6重量%、パセリSA−2を6重量%、食塩2.5重量%、パインデックス#2を12.5重量%含有する混合液を調製し、この混合液20部を牛ロース肉一本物100部にインジェクションし、30分間タンブリングして得られた加工生肉と末処理の生肉に、小麦粉をまぶし、160〜170℃で7分間油ちょうして豚カツを得た。
本発明による豚カツ中の肉は、未処理の牛ロース肉由来のビーフカツ中の肉に比して、より柔らかく、ジューシー感などが強かった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a processed raw meat having a good texture after cooking and excellent yield in cooking.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Among foods, meat, especially raw meat, is proliferated with bacteria and microorganisms, so it is distributed in chilled or frozen state, and raw meat may be eaten as it is, but most of it is cooked and eaten. It is common. However, when meats are cooked, problems such as fluffiness in the meat, stiffening of the meat and poor texture, or reduction in meat yield due to heating are often observed.
Among the meats, the meat itself is very soft, like the meat obtained from beef fattened with grain feed such as Japanese black beef, and even after cooking, the texture of the meat after cooking is good There was a problem, but the price was very high. On the other hand, as cheaper meat, beef obtained from dairy breeds such as obsolete livestock, cross-bred livestock, and Holstein breeds has a problem that the meat quality itself is very hard and the texture becomes worse by cooking.
On the other hand, as an attempt to improve the texture of meat, methods using proteases, surfactants, salts, proteins and the like have been proposed.
[0003]
In addition to proteases such as papaya derived from papaya and promeline derived from pineapple, protease is used as a method of treating meat with kiwifruit or pear extract (specialized). Kaihei 4-27806) and a method of using a meat modifying agent (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-170941), which is a refined powdered water-soluble component of kiwifruit, or treatment with protease and myofibrillar protein on the meat Mainly softening high pressure treatment (100-4000Kg / cm 2 ) And the like (JP-A-5-7476) have been proposed. In these methods, the meat protein itself is decomposed to soften the meat quality, but it is necessary to change the flavor of the meat and to control the reaction conditions and inactivation conditions of the protease depending on the type of meat dish.
As a method of treating meat with a surfactant, fresh meat is immersed in an organic acid monoglyceride such as acetylated monoglyceride, or the monoglyceride is sprayed on fresh meat to stabilize the meat (specialty). No. 49-20353), and a method of treating a piece of meat with a meat modifier containing an ester of monoglyceride or diglyceride and polycarboxylic acid (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-170942) has been proposed. In these methods, although the effect of improving the storage stability of meat and softening the meat quality to some extent is recognized, there are disadvantages such as the taste of meat being felt and the original flavor of the meat being deteriorated.
[0004]
As a method for treating meat with salts, a method in which sodium bicarbonate is added to the meat by a method such as immersing the meat in an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate or a seasoning liquid to which seasoning is added (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-36167). ), A method of using a softening agent (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-148663) in which sodium bicarbonate and / or an emulsifier of HLB 10 or higher is mixed with a calcium salt such as calcium chloride has been proposed. However, in these methods, although the effects of alkali salts such as sodium bicarbonate and emulsifiers can have some effect on the softening of meat and the preservation of meat, the meat has a bitter taste and a bad taste. Or because they are food additives rather than food ingredients, their use tends to be disliked.
As a method of treating meat with protein, pickle solution containing soy protein and / or soy protein degradation product is injected into raw material meat, tumbled, frozen in a freezer for 1-3 days, molded, sliced, and coated A method for producing fried foods to be applied and fried (JP-A-5-328939) has been proposed. In this method, the binding property between the meat and the garment is good, and there is an effect of giving elasticity to the meat after cooking, but the meat quality itself tends to be hardened.
[0005]
On the other hand, sugar alcohols such as sugar, glucose, maltose, starch syrup, and sugar alcohols such as sorbitol are used for the purpose of seasoning meat products such as ham and sausage, preventing water separation, reducing water activity, and improving yield. These sugars are used to improve the quality of raw meat. For example, dextrin alcohol, maltitol, propylene glycol, corn syrup, etc. prepared by hydrogenating fried food ingredients (raw meat, sausage, or apple pie) to dextrin of DE 8-40 A fried food that is dipped in a 20 to 60% aqueous solution of the wetting agent and pulled up so that the wetting agent is attached to the surface of the fried food in a thin film and fried without rolling (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-154541) No.), oligosaccharides having a degree of polymerization of 3 to 10 and / or carbohydrates mainly composed of reduced products thereof that prevent protein denaturation during freezing and freeze-drying of fish and / or livestock meat. There have been proposed frozen products, freeze-dried products (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-103586), and the like. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-154541 improves the gloss of the surface of the fried food material by attaching a wetting agent to the surface of the fried food material such as meat. This reduces protein alteration during freezing to some extent. However, simply adding the sugars as described above to the meat has not been sufficient to prevent the meat from becoming hard due to the shrinkage of the meat due to heating.
[0006]
In press ham, sausage, etc. produced by filling a casing with a uniform mixture consisting of minced meat, starch, salt, seasonings, etc., and heating the entire casing, starch is dispersed throughout the system and gelatinized by heating. This improves the overall texture and prevents water separation. However, when using meat chunks like pork cutlet, adding starch to the meat chunk in the powder state and heating it will affect the texture of the meat surface alone, In order to inject starch into an aqueous solution in advance, if the starch is used in an aqueous solution in advance, the viscosity becomes too high if the concentration is high, so it can be used only at a low concentration, and therefore it is difficult to add a desired amount of starch. Yes, in a method such as injecting a slurry of starch suspended in water into a meat chunk, starch is likely to precipitate and is impractical, etc., and starch is used to improve the texture of the meat mass itself Almost no attempt was made.
[0007]
It is known that proteins such as soy protein have some effect on improving the yield of meat in cooking. However, the meat after cooking becomes hard, which is not preferable in terms of texture.
With regard to improving the texture of meat after cooking, the present inventor has found that gel-forming starch hydrolysates such as dextrins of DE4 or lower and non-gel-forming saccharides such as starch hydrolysates of DE 7-45. Proposed processed raw meat (Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 8-128404) which adds an aqueous solution containing it to raw meat and made it possible to improve the texture of the meat after cooking. There was still room for improvement.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, this invention is providing the processed raw meat with the favorable yield in heat cooking and the texture of the meat after heat cooking.
[0009]
[Means for solving the problems]
As a result of diligent efforts to solve the above problems, the present inventors have solved the above problems by treating raw meat with a mixture containing starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or lower and dextrin of DE 4 or lower. The present invention was completed.
The present invention is processed raw meat obtained by adding a mixed solution containing starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and dextrin of DE4 or less to raw meat.
As addition amount (solid content) with respect to raw meat, gelatinization start temperature is preferably 0.2 to 10% by weight of starch having a temperature of 70 ° C. or less, and 0.2 to 5% by weight of dextrin having DE4 or less.
The starch used in the present invention is a powdered starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less, preferably an average particle size of 20 μm or less, and more preferably a rice starch and a processed starch thereof.
Furthermore, starch with a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and sugars other than dextrin of DE 4 or less, particularly starch decomposition products of DE 10-25, are added to the mixed solution, and the solid content concentration is adjusted to 20 to 35% by weight. Is preferably added. .
Moreover, although the addition method of a liquid mixture is not specifically limited, It is preferable to make by injecting a liquid mixture into raw meat.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The raw meat targeted by the present invention is obtained from domestic animals such as cows, pigs and sheep, chickens such as chickens, turkeys, duck and geese, and has a meat surface area of at least 1 cm. 2 It is a block shape having a size larger than that, and is a generic term for meats that are not subjected to heat treatment such as baking or boiling, and includes hard type meat, fresh meat, chilled meat, frozen meat, and the like. However, it is preferable that the frozen meat is thawed in advance and then subjected to the treatment of the present invention.
[0011]
In this specification, “cooked meat” refers to grilled meat, grilled chicken, steak, cutlet, boiled chicken vegetables, boiled meat vegetables, meat potato, curry, stew, steamed in a bowl, fry, stew, Meat that has been subjected to heat treatment such as steaming and meat contained in meat dishes are designated, and the method of heat cooking is not particularly limited.
In this specification, “injection” is a method using a pickle solution syringe used in hams and the like. This means that the mixture is injected into the meat mass by extruding the mixture containing dextrin (and other saccharides) under pressure. By the injection, the liquid mixture can be easily and quickly added to the raw meat. On the other hand, the mixed solution may be added to the meat chunk by using a method such as spraying the mixed solution on the meat chunk or immersing the meat chunk in the mixed solution. Since there is a problem that only the surface of the lump is added or the mixed solution does not penetrate to the inside of the meat lump over time, in the present invention, it is desirable to inject as a method of adding the mixed solution to the meat lump. .
[0012]
The starch used in the present invention is ungelatinized starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or lower. Ungelatinized starch means starch that does not dissolve or swell in normal temperature water, and is preferably about 40 ° C. or higher when expressed by its gelatinization start temperature. Therefore, the starch used in the present invention is preferably starch having a gelatinization start temperature of about 40 to 70 ° C. Starch that dissolves or swells in water at room temperature not only has a high viscosity when mixed with starch and a dextrin having a DE4 or less and is difficult to inject, but also has a poor texture improvement effect. Moreover, in the starch whose gelatinization start temperature exceeds 70 degreeC, the food texture improvement effect after the heat processing of raw meat and the yield improvement effect are inferior.
Any starch that satisfies this condition can be used regardless of whether it is unprocessed starch or various processed starches. Specifically, wheat starch, waxy corn starch, tapioca starch, potato starch, glutinous rice starch and these Processed starches, and starches with a gelatinization start temperature exceeding 70 ° C, such as corn starch, glutinous rice starch, sweet potato starch, barley starch, etc., are processed so that the gelatinization start temperature is within the above range. The processed starch can be used. Among these, preferably starch having an average particle size of 20 μm or less, specifically waxy corn starch, tapioca starch, glutinous rice starch and processed starch thereof, processed starch of corn starch or glutinous rice starch, and more preferably Sticky rice starch and its modified starch. The object of the present invention can be achieved more effectively by appropriately selecting these starches.
[0013]
In addition, processed starch expresses the starch which processed natural starch (raw starch) by some method, specifically, it is processed by the usual method, and generally heat-treated starch, bleached starch, oxidized starch, hot water soluble It includes starch, cross-linked starch, etherified starch, esterified starch, cross-linked esterified starch, and processed starch called cross-linked etherified starch. Among these, when oxidized starch, etherified starch, and esterified starch are used, the gelatinization start temperature decreases according to the degree of processing, so it is effective as a processing method for natural starch that does not satisfy the conditions for gelatinization start temperature of the present application. is there.
The gelatinization start temperature described in the present invention is a starch suspension having a starch concentration of 20% by weight using Brabender amylograph (containing 100 g of starch and 7.5 g of sodium chloride in 500 g of the suspension). Heated at a heating rate of 1.5 ° C. for 1 minute from 30 ° C. with stirring, and the nib (marker) that moved the baseline on the chart before the starch gelatinized is the viscosity due to starch gelatinization Deviation occurs from the baseline due to the rise, but the temperature at which the deviation occurred is displayed as a read value.
[0014]
The DE4 or lower dextrin used in the present invention is a dispersion of starch in water, to which an enzyme (eg, alpha amylase, isoamylase, pullulanase) and / or an acid (eg, hydrochloric acid or oxalic acid) is added and heated. It is then gelatinized and hydrolyzed to DE4 or lower, and purified by decolorization, deionization, etc., if necessary, and powdered by spray drying, drum drying, etc. When DE exceeds 4, The effect cannot be demonstrated. Further, among dextrins of DE4 or lower, in order to more effectively carry out the present invention, a 20% by weight solid content aqueous solution has a viscosity of about 5 to 1000 CP at 60 ° C., and is cooled to 9 ° C. after 15 hours. What shows the gel strength of about 70-300g is preferable. In addition, DE means the content of reducing sugar (as glucose) per reducing sugar content per solid content in the starch decomposition product, and the viscosity of dextrin of DE4 or less is an aqueous solution having a solid content of 20% by weight heated to 60 ° C. Then, it is a value measured using a B-type rotational viscometer, the gel strength is cooled to 9 ° C. of the aqueous solution after viscosity measurement, held at this temperature for 15 hours, and then using a rheometer manufactured by Rheotech Co., Ltd. It is a value measured using a plunger size sphere 7 mm.
The raw material starch for producing DE4 or lower dextrin is not particularly limited, and commercially available starches such as potato starch, corn starch, wheat starch, tapioca starch, waxy corn starch and the like are used.
[0015]
In the present invention, a mixture containing starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and dextrin of DE4 or less is added to raw meat. The mixed solution is prepared by adding a predetermined amount of starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and a dextrin having DE4 or less to a predetermined amount of water and stirring the mixture. The total concentration of starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and dextrin starch having a DE of 4 or less in the mixed solution is determined by the amount of starch, dextrin and mixed solution added to raw meat, but the solid content concentration is generally 4 to 20% by weight is preferred. The addition of the mixed liquid to the raw meat is preferably carried out by injection, but the temperature of the mixed liquid at the time of injection is preferably the same as that of the raw meat in order to prevent the raw meat from being altered. If the amount of the mixed solution added to the raw meat is too small, it will be difficult to add uniformly, and as a result, the purpose of the present invention will not be achieved, and if it is too large, it will be difficult to retain the meat and the yield will be reduced. Therefore, about 5-50 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of raw meat. The raw meat into which the mixed solution has been injected is preferably tumbled using a tumbler or a vacuum tumbler.
[0016]
Thus, the processed raw meat of the present invention is obtained by adding starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and dextrin of DE 4 or less to the raw meat. In this case, the addition amount of starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and dextrin of DE 4 or less to the raw meat is preferably 0.2 to 10% by weight and 0.2 to 5% by weight, respectively, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight and 0.5 to 3% by weight. If the amount of starch added at a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less is less than 0.2% by weight, the yield improving effect and the texture improving effect in cooking are weak, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, the texture and taste after cooking are low. Produces a sense of discomfort. On the other hand, if the addition amount of dextrin of DE4 or less is less than 0.2% by weight, the effect of improving the texture of meat after cooking is poor, the texture is poor and the taste is weak, and it exceeds 5% by weight. If it becomes, it exists in the tendency for the texture of the meat after heat cooking to worsen.
[0017]
Furthermore, other saccharides and other additives (such as salt and glutamic acid) are added to a mixed solution containing starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and starch of DE 4 or less, and the total solid content concentration is 20 to 35% by weight. It is preferable to adjust it to have the effect of enhancing the taste of meat. As other saccharides used in the present invention, that is, saccharides other than starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and dextrin having DE4 or less, monosaccharides such as glucose and isomerized sugar, sucrose, maltose, isomaltose In addition to disaccharides such as, saccharides such as sorbitol and maltitol, oligosaccharides such as maltotriose and maltotetraose, starch degradation products of about DE 7 to 45 and their hydrogenated products, cyclodextrins, etc. As the shape thereof, any of liquid, powder and granules can be used. Among these sugars, it is preferable to use a starch degradation product of DE 10 to 25 because of the effect of reinforcing the taste of meat with particularly poor quality.
[0018]
In the present invention, other additives are not particularly required, but can be added as necessary. Examples of such additives include seasonings such as sodium chloride, sodium glutamate and sodium inosinate, proteins such as vegetable protein, egg protein and milk protein, and color formers such as sodium nitrite, potassium nitrate and nicotinamide. Or coloring aid, antioxidants such as sodium L-ascorbate, erythorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, α-tocopherol, fats and oils such as sesame oil and soybean white oil, thickeners such as xanthan gum, guar gum, alpha starch, etc. In addition, spices, polymerized phosphates and the like can be mentioned.
Among these, salt is a basic seasoning in any dish, so it is preferable to add about 0.5% to raw meat from the viewpoint of taste.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
Conventionally, when raw meat itself is heated, the shrinkage of the meat is increased by heating and the meat becomes hard and the texture is deteriorated or the yield of meat is decreased by heating, and the present invention is observed. The previous proposal (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-128404) made it possible to improve the texture after cooking, but the meat yield in cooking was not taken into consideration. On the other hand, processed raw meat obtained by adding a mixture containing starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 70 ° C. or less and a dextrin of DE4 or less to raw meat according to the present invention has a good meat yield in cooking. The texture of meat after cooking is excellent. That is, the flow of meat juice due to heating is remarkably suppressed, the taste is good when used for various meat dishes, and an excellent succulent and soft texture is obtained, and the yield due to cooking is also significantly improved. Furthermore, this yield shows the effect of suppressing the heat dissipation of cooking, and when the addition of the mixed solution is taken into account, the yield is greatly improved with respect to the original raw meat, and the economic effect is also great. Moreover, you may make it a favorite shape according to the kind of dish, for example, block shape, slice shape, and mince shape of favorite size. Furthermore, the processed raw meat of the present invention can be cooked as it is, and can be used for cooking even after refrigeration or freezing.
[0020]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference examples and examples. In these examples, parts indicate parts by weight.
[Reference Example 1]
100 parts of tapioca starch is added to 120 parts of water under stirring and dispersed, and 4 parts of acetic anhydride is added and reacted while 3% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added to maintain the pH at 9.5. Neutralized with hydrochloric acid, washed with water, and dried to obtain esterified tapioca starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 59 ° C.
[Reference Example 2]
Dissolve 20 parts of sodium sulfate in 130 parts of water under stirring, add 100 parts of corn starch, disperse it, drop 35 parts of 3% sodium hydroxide solution, add 6 parts of propylene oxide and react at 40 ° C. for 20 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was neutralized with 10% sulfuric acid, washed with water, and dried to obtain an etherified corn starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 60 ° C.
[Reference Example 3]
Dissolve 10 parts of sodium sulfate in 130 parts of water under stirring, add 100 parts of glutinous rice starch, disperse 0.01 parts of sodium trimetaphosphate, react for 10 hours at 40 ° C., and then add 10% sulfuric acid. It was washed with water, dried and dried to obtain a crosslinked rice starch having a gelatinization start temperature of 65 ° C.
[0021]
[Example 1]
Table 1 shows the physical properties of corn starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, glutinous rice starch, and processed starch obtained in Reference Examples 1 to 3. The average particle size of the starch is a value determined using SALD1000 (a laser diffraction particle size measuring device manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
In the water under stirring, starch and parsley SA-2 (trade name: DE about 2 dextrin manufactured by Abebe, the Netherlands, solid concentration 20 wt% aqueous solution concentration becomes 8 cp at 60 ° C. After cooling to 9 ° C., the gel strength of 100 g is shown 15 hours later, and stirring is continued. In 100 parts of the mixed solution, 10 parts of starch and 4 parts of parsley SA-2 and 2.5 parts of salt are added as solids. After preparing the mixed solution, it was cooled to 9 ° C.
Fresh pork thigh with a thickness of about 20 cm obtained directly from a meat processor and 100 parts of meat block (product temperature: about 9 ° C.) 20 parts of the above mixed solution (2 parts of starch, 0.8 parts of parsley SA-2, 0. 5 parts) were injected and tumbled for 20 minutes to produce processed raw meat of Table 2.
The raw meat after tumbling and the untreated raw meat were cut into 3 × 3 × 2 cm, the raw untreated meat was steamed at 90 ° C. for 10 minutes, and the steamed meat was evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0022]
[Table 1]
[0023]
[Table 2]
[0024]
[Example 2]
In the mixed solution, 2.5% of sodium chloride and starch no. 7 was prepared, and a mixed solution containing parsley SA-2 in the ratio of Table 3 was prepared. The amount of the mixed solution added to 100 parts of raw meat was 40 parts (salt 0.5% as a quantity added to raw meat and polished rice starch) And parsley SA-2 are shown in Table 3), and processed raw meat was produced according to Example 1 and evaluated using the evaluation method of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0025]
[Table 3]
[0026]
[Table 4]
[0027]
[Example 3]
Starch No. 4. Addition or no addition of 5% glutinous rice starch, 3.5% parsley SA-2, 1.5% salt and PAINDEX # 2 (trade name: Starch Decomposition Product of Matsutani Chemical Industries, DE about 12) Thus, a mixed solution having a solid content concentration of 10%, 15%, 25%, 30%, and 40% was prepared.
Processed raw meat was produced according to Example 1 using 20 parts of these mixed solutions, cooked according to Example 1, and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 5.
[Table 5]
[0028]
[Example 4]
A frozen product of block-like loin meat produced from Holstein dairy cows was placed in a refrigerator (about 9 ° C.) and thawed.
Next, 8% of polished rice starch, 7% of parsley SA-2, 2.5% of salt and saccharides were added thereto to prepare a mixed solution having a solid concentration of 20%.
As saccharides, Paindex # 1 (trade name: Matsutani Chemical Industries, Ltd., decomposing starch of about DE 8), Paindex # 2 (trade name: Matsutani Chemical Industries, Ltd., decomposing starch of about DE 12), Paindex # 3 (trade name: Matsutani Chemical Industries' starch degradation product of DE about 22), Paindex # 6 (trade name: Matsutani Chemical Industry's starch degradation products of DE about 38), glucose, maltose and sugar were used. .
In accordance with Example 1, 20 parts of these mixed solutions were added to 100 parts of thawed raw meat and cooked according to Example 1.
Meat without added sugar is soft and juicy, but the meatiness (meat scent and taste) is weak and stale, but the addition of sugar improves the taste and makes it easier to eat. Even in the case of carbohydrates, when using p-index # 2 or p-index # 3, it became possible to feel the taste.
[0029]
[Example 5]
In 100 parts of the mixture, starch no. A mixed solution containing 20 parts of crosslinked rice starch of No. 7, 4 parts of parsley SA-2, 3.8 parts of sodium chloride, and 4.2 parts of TK-16 (decomposed starch product of DE about 18 by Matsutani Chemical Industries) was prepared. And cooled to 8 ° C.
15 parts of this mixed solution was injected into a piece of pork belly (about 8 ° C.) and 15 parts of the mixed solution was tumbled for 40 minutes to produce raw processed meat.
The processed raw meat and untreated pork belly were placed in 100 parts of water at 100 ° C. and boiled for 60 minutes. Boiling meat was taken out, cooled after weighing, and cut into 5 × 5 × 2 cm with a slicer.
The boiling yield calculated from the difference in weight before and after heating was 85.2% for raw processed meat and 67.4% for untreated pork belly.
On the other hand, the meat taken out is cooled, and the boiled juice from which the oil has been removed is heat-treated with the recipe shown in Table 6 to make a sauce, packed with the cut meat and then heated at 90 ° C. for 40 minutes. After sterilization, it was cooled to obtain a pork simmered.
When eating meat that was cooked in pork, the meat obtained from raw processed meat was softer and more juicy than meat obtained from untreated pork belly, which was hard and lacked juicy. It was delicious.
[0030]
[Table 6]
[0031]
[Example 6]
30 parts of a mixed solution containing various components in the ratio of Table 7 in a total amount of 100 parts is injected into 100 parts of pork shoulder loin, tumbling for 30 minutes, and steamed at 75 ° C for 120 minutes with untreated pork shoulder loin. did.
The boiling yield in terms of weight difference before and after heating was 88% for processed raw meat and 75.0% for untreated pork shoulder loin.
The steamed meat was put on a sauce made of the recipe shown in Table 8 and baked at 250 ° C. for 20 minutes to make a baked pork using an oven.
The baked pork that had been baked simply by adding sauce was hard and lacked juicy, but the baked pork according to the present invention was soft and succulent and delicious.
[0032]
[Table 7]
[0033]
[Table 8]
[0034]
[Example 7]
A mixed solution containing 7% by weight of glutinous rice starch, 7% by weight of parsley SA-2, 3.8% by weight of salt, and 15.2% by weight of TK-16 was prepared. A piece of breast meat is injected into 100 parts, tumbled for 60 minutes, and the raw and untreated chicken breasts are sprinkled with flour, passed through the whole egg liquid, crushed with bread crumbs, at a temperature of 160-170 ° C. Oiled for 6 minutes to obtain chicken cutlet.
The meat in the chicken cutlet according to the present invention was softer and more succulent than the meat in the chicken cutlet derived from untreated chicken breast.
[0035]
[Example 8]
A mixed solution containing 6% by weight of crosslinked rice starch, 6% by weight of parsley SA-2, 2.5% by weight of salt, and 12.5% by weight of paraindex # 2 was prepared. 100 parts of a single product was injected, and processed raw meat obtained by tumbling for 30 minutes and powdered raw powder were sprinkled with flour and oiled at 160-170 ° C. for 7 minutes to obtain pork cutlet.
The meat in the pork cutlet according to the present invention was softer and more succulent than the beef cutlet derived from untreated beef loin.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP26049696A JP3626819B2 (en) | 1996-10-01 | 1996-10-01 | Processed raw meat |
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JP26049696A JP3626819B2 (en) | 1996-10-01 | 1996-10-01 | Processed raw meat |
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JP4272792B2 (en) * | 2000-03-16 | 2009-06-03 | オルガノ株式会社 | Pickle liquid composition for meat injection and process for producing processed meat products |
US6685978B1 (en) | 2000-04-04 | 2004-02-03 | Cp Kelco Aps | Gelled and gellable compositions for food products |
DK1629731T3 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2011-01-03 | Uno Shoyu Co Ltd | Meat modifier, process for making a meat product, and meat product |
JP4444780B2 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2010-03-31 | キリンフードテック株式会社 | Quality improver for processed meat products and its use |
JP4559954B2 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2010-10-13 | 昭和産業株式会社 | Flavor improving composition, use thereof, and flavor improving method |
JP4972044B2 (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2012-07-11 | 三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社 | Processed food composition containing dextrin |
JP4850942B2 (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2012-01-11 | イーエヌ大塚製薬株式会社 | Softening method and softened animal food material |
JP6154642B2 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-06-28 | エバラ食品工業株式会社 | Seasoning for grilled meat with meat quality improving function |
JP6466657B2 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2019-02-06 | 三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社 | Processed food with fired eel texture and method for producing the same |
JP2016149981A (en) * | 2015-02-18 | 2016-08-22 | 株式会社シーキューブ・アイ | Processed raw meat containing indigestible dextrin and production method thereof |
JP2018126084A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-16 | 青葉化成株式会社 | Quality improver for meat, food product for heat insulation, and method for producing the same |
WO2019064845A1 (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-04 | 株式会社J-オイルミルズ | Meat processing fluid and method for manufacturing processed meat food |
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