JP3626165B2 - Rubber softener and rubber composition - Google Patents
Rubber softener and rubber composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP3626165B2 JP3626165B2 JP2003007596A JP2003007596A JP3626165B2 JP 3626165 B2 JP3626165 B2 JP 3626165B2 JP 2003007596 A JP2003007596 A JP 2003007596A JP 2003007596 A JP2003007596 A JP 2003007596A JP 3626165 B2 JP3626165 B2 JP 3626165B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ゴム用軟化剤及びゴム組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、タイヤ用トレッドゴム組成物には、天然ゴム及びジエン系ゴムが用いられ、同時に、これらのゴムと親和性が良い高芳香族系のプロセス油が軟化剤として用いられてきた。
しかし、この高芳香族系のプロセス油は、IP346/92法によるDMSO抽出物である多環芳香族化合物の含有量(以下、PCA分という)が3質量%以上と多いため、発癌性を有する可能性があることが、1989年よりEU指令で勧告されている。従って、このようなプロセス油を用いることは、安全性の面からは好ましくない。
一方、PCA分が3質量%未満のパラフィン系及びナフテン系プロセス油を配合すると、これらは、ゴム成分との親和性が悪いため、オイルブリードが発生したり、また、ブリードは発生しないが、ゴム物性が大きく低下してしまうという問題があった。
【0003】
そこで、このような問題を解決するため、従来の高芳香族系のプロセス油を特殊処理(例えば、溶剤抽出又は水素化処理)した、PCA分が3質量%未満であり、かつ、安全性が高く、ゴム成分との親和性にも優れた軟化剤が望まれており、多くの検討がなされている。
例えば、発癌性を示さない(PCA分が3質量%未満)芳香族系油が開示されている(例えば、特許文献1−5参照)。しかし、いずれも高芳香族系油を複数回溶剤抽出又は水素化処理したり、減圧蒸留残渣油の脱歴処理及び溶剤抽出等の処理による工夫がなされているが、精製工程における収率が低く、経済性が悪化する結果となっている。
また、アスファルトを混合したゴム用軟化剤が開示されている(例えば、特許文献6及び7参照)。しかし、いずれもストレートアスファルトが使用されており、粘稠で取り扱いが困難である。また、安全性に関しても、従来の高芳香族系油を混合しているため、発癌性の問題については、依然として解決されていない状況である。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平6−505524号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平11−80434号公報
【特許文献3】
特開2002−3861号公報
【特許文献4】
欧州特許第417980号明細書
【特許文献5】
米国特許第5178750号明細書
【特許文献6】
特開平11−302459号公報
【特許文献7】
特開2001−2831号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みなされたものであり、安全性が高く、ゴム成分との親和性、経済性、取扱作業性に優れたゴム用軟化剤及びゴム組成物を提供することを目的とする。
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成するため、鋭意研究を行った結果、特定の減圧蒸留残渣油及び鉱油を組み合わせて使用することが有効であることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の第一の態様によれば、粘度比重恒数が0.800〜0.875で、25℃における針入度(1/10mm)が300以上である原油の減圧蒸留残渣油を配合したゴム用軟化剤が提供される。
【0007】
本発明の第二の態様によれば、ゴム組成物全体基準で、ゴムに、上記のゴム用軟化剤を10〜25質量%配合してなるゴム組成物が提供される。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
まず、本発明のゴム用軟化剤について説明する。
本発明のゴム用軟化剤には、粘度比重恒数が0.800〜0.875で、25℃における針入度(1/10mm)が300以上である原油の減圧蒸留残渣油が配合される。ここで、減圧蒸留残渣油とは、各種原油の常圧残渣油を減圧蒸留した残渣油を意味する。
【0009】
減圧蒸留残渣油の粘度比重恒数が0.800〜0.875であると、軟化剤に調製した際に、ゴムとの親和性が良く、加硫ゴムにおいてブリードが発生せず、ゴム物性も低下しない。粘度比重恒数は、好ましくは0.830〜0.875である。
【0010】
この粘度比重恒数は、減圧蒸留残渣油の組成及び分子量と大きな関係があり、ゴムとの親和性の目安となることを意味している。
粘度比重恒数は、ASTM D2501−91に準ずる下記式(1)から求めることができる。
【数1】
[式中、V.G.Cは粘度比重恒数を示し、Gは15℃における密度(g/ml)を示し、V’は100℃における動粘度(mm2/s)を示す。]
【0011】
JIS K2207−1990に準拠して測定した25℃における針入度が300以上であると、軟化剤に調製した際に、粘稠とならず、取扱作業性に優れる。また、ゴム物性も良好となる。針入度は、好ましくは350以上であり、より好ましくは400以上である。
【0012】
本発明で使用する減圧蒸留残渣油については、粘度比重恒数及び針入度が上記範囲内であれば特に制限されないが、ナフテン基原油の減圧蒸留残渣油が好ましい。尚、粘度比重恒数及び針入度は、主に原油を選択又は混合することにより適宜調整することができる。
また、本発明で使用する減圧蒸留残渣油は、100℃における動粘度が、好ましくは200〜800cstであり、より好ましくは200〜700cstである。
このような減圧蒸留残渣油は、発癌性を示さない。また、このような減圧蒸留残渣油を鉱油に配合したゴム用軟化剤を含むゴム組成物は、ブリードが発生せず、また、ゴム物性(例えば、引張応力等)にも優れる。
【0013】
本発明のゴム用軟化剤は、上記の減圧蒸留残渣油を、好ましくは30〜80質量%、より好ましくは40〜60質量%、IP346/92法によるDMSO抽出物の含有量(PCA分)が3質量%未満で、引火点が200℃以上で、アニリン点が100℃以下である鉱油を、好ましくは20〜70質量%、より好ましくは40〜60質量%含む。
【0014】
本発明のゴム用軟化剤に配合される減圧蒸留残渣油と混合する鉱油については、そのPCA分が3質量%未満であると、軟化剤全体として発癌性を示す可能性が低くなる。PCA分は、好ましくは2.8%未満である。
【0015】
鉱油の引火点が200℃以上であると、ゴム加工時のオイル蒸気による作業環境の悪化を抑制でき、また、ゴム物性をより向上させることができる。引火点は、好ましくは220℃以上である。
【0016】
鉱油のアニリン点が100℃以下であると、ブリードが発生せず、また、ゴム物性をより向上させることができる。アニリン点は、好ましくは97℃以下である。
【0017】
減圧蒸留残渣油及び鉱油の配合量が上記範囲内であると、ゴム物性をより向上させることができる。減圧蒸留残渣油の配合量は、特に好ましくは50〜60質量%である。また、鉱油の配合量は、特に好ましくは40〜50質量%である。
【0018】
本発明では、上記の各性状を有する鉱油として、各種原油の常圧蒸留、減圧蒸留、脱歴工程等により得られた留分を溶剤精製、水素化精製、又は水素化分解等の各工程、さらに必要に応じて脱ろう工程により精製したものを適宜選択して使用することができる。
【0019】
本発明のゴム用軟化剤は、好ましくは、ASTM E1687による変異原性指数(MI値)が1.0未満であり、より好ましくは0.8未満である。MI値が1.0未満であると、発癌性を有する可能性が低くなる。
【0020】
本発明のゴム用軟化剤は、好ましくは、100℃における動粘度が50〜80mm2/sであり、より好ましくは50〜70mm2/sである。動粘度が50〜80mm2/sであると、ゴム物性をより向上させることができ、また、粘度も過度に高過ぎないため、軟化剤を取り扱う上で、ハンドリング性が良く、ゴム練り作業を容易に行うことができる。
【0021】
本発明のゴム用軟化剤には、その目的を損なわない範囲において、酸化防止剤、可塑剤等の添加剤をさらに加えることができる。
【0022】
本発明のゴム用軟化剤の製造方法は特に制限されず、上記の減圧蒸留残渣油及び鉱油を、公知の方法、例えば、加熱混合等で混合する方法により製造することができる。
【0023】
本発明のゴム用軟化剤は、上記の性状を有する減圧蒸留残渣油及び鉱油を組み合わせて使用するため、安全性が高く(発癌性の可能性が低く)、ゴム成分との親和性にも優れ、ゴム物性も向上する。また、精製工程において特殊な抽出処理を必要としないため、経済性に優れている。さらに、取扱作業性(ハンドリング性)にも優れている。
【0024】
次に、本発明のゴム組成物について説明する。
本発明のゴム組成物は、ゴム組成物全体基準で、ゴムに、上記のゴム用軟化剤を10〜25質量%、好ましくは15〜25質量%配合したものである。軟化剤の配合量が10〜25質量%であると、軟化効果及びゴム物性をより向上させることができる。
【0025】
本発明のゴム組成物に使用するゴムは特に制限されず、天然ゴム又は合成ゴムのいずれでもよい。合成ゴムとしては、例えば、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム(SBR)、スチレン−クロロプレンゴム(SCR)、スチレン−イソプレンゴム(SIR)、イソブチレン−イソプレンゴム(IIR)、エチレン−プロピレンゴム(EPR)、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエンモノマー(EPDM)等が挙げられる。これらのうち、SBR、SCR、SIR等の芳香族ゴム、又は天然ゴムが好ましく、特に、SBR又は天然ゴムを50質量%以上含むゴムが好ましい。
【0026】
本発明のゴム組成物には、その目的を損なわない範囲において、カーボンブラック、シリカ等の補強剤、ステアリン酸、ラウリン酸等の分散剤、硫黄、過酸化物等の加硫剤、亜鉛華、炭酸亜鉛等の加硫促進剤、劣化防止剤等の添加剤をさらに加えることができる。
【0027】
本発明のゴム組成物の製造方法は特に制限されず、上記のゴム用軟化剤及びゴムを、公知の方法、例えば、バンバリーミキサー、二本ロール、加硫プレス等で、混合、ゴム練り、加硫する方法により製造することができる。
【0028】
本発明のゴム組成物は、上記のゴム用軟化剤を配合しているため、初期のゴム物性(常態物性)が高く、また、ブリード性にも優れている。
【0029】
このようなゴム組成物は、タイヤ用トレッド、ベルト等の用途において好適に使用することができる。
【0030】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。
尚、減圧蒸留残渣油、鉱油、ゴム用軟化剤及びゴム組成物の性状及び物性は、以下の方法により求めた。
(1)動粘度
100℃の温度条件で、JIS K2283−1993に準拠して測定した。
(2)粘度比重恒数(V.G.C)
上記式(1)から求めた。
(3)引火点(C.O.C)
JIS K2265−1989(クリーブランド開放式)に準拠して測定した。
(4)アスファルテン分
石油学会規格 JPI−55−22−83に準拠して測定した。
(5)針入度
25℃の温度条件で、JIS K2207−1990に準拠して測定した。
(6)アニリン点
JIS K2256−1985(U字管法)に準拠して測定した。
(7)PCA分
IP346/92法に準拠して測定した。
(8)変異原性指数(MI値)
ASTM E1687に準拠して測定した。
(9)硬さ
JIS K2653−1993(タイプAデュロメータ法)に準拠して測定した。
(10)伸び
JIS K2651−1993に準拠して測定した。
(11)引張応力
JIS K2651−1993に準拠して測定した。
(12)引張強さ
JIS K2651−1993に準拠して測定した。
【0031】
実施例1〜8、比較例1〜3
[ゴム用軟化剤の調製及び評価]
表1及び表2に示す性状を有する減圧蒸留残渣油A〜E及び鉱油1〜3を、表3及び表4に示す割合で混合し、ゴム用軟化剤を調製した。その性状及び評価を表3及び表4に示す。
尚、安全性については、MI値が1未満の場合を「○」、1以上の場合を「×」と評価した。
【0032】
【表1】
減圧蒸留残渣油A:オーストラリア産:ナフテン基原油(1)の減圧蒸留残渣油
減圧蒸留残渣油B:中国産:ナフテン基原油の減圧蒸留残渣油
減圧蒸留残渣油C:オーストラリア産:ナフテン基原油(2)の減圧蒸留残渣油
減圧蒸留残渣油D:中東産:中間基原油の減圧蒸留残渣油
減圧蒸留残渣油E:中国産:パラフィン基原油の減圧蒸留残渣油
【0033】
【表2】
鉱油1:試作油(1)(ナフテン系高粘度油)
鉱油2:試作油(2)(ナフテン系低粘度油)
鉱油3:試作油(3)(高芳香族油)
【0034】
【表3】
【0035】
【表4】
【0036】
実施例9〜16、比較例4〜6
[ゴム組成物の調製及び評価]
実施例1〜8及び比較例1〜3で得られた軟化剤(配合剤▲5▼)を用い、表5に示すタイヤトレッド用SBR配合にて、以下のようにゴム練り及び加硫を行い、ゴム組成物を調製した。
【0037】
【表5】
【0038】
(ゴム練り)
バンバリーミキサーにて、配合剤▲1▼を1分間練り、可塑化させた後、配合剤▲2▼〜▲5▼を混合し、バンバリーミキサーで4分間素練りした。その後、二本ロールにて、配合剤▲6▼及び▲7▼を混合し、10分間混練りし、未加硫ゴムを得た。
(加硫)
未加硫ゴムを、加硫プレスにて、145℃、60分の条件で加硫し、厚さ2mmのゴムシートを得た。
【0039】
得られたゴムシートからJIS3号ダンベル状試験片を作成し、加硫ゴムのゴム物性(常態物性)及びブリード発生の有無、並びにゴム練りの際の軟化剤のハンドリング性を評価した。結果を表6及び表7に示す。
尚、ゴム物性(硬さ、伸び、引張応力、引張強さ)については、比較例3の軟化剤(鉱油として高芳香族油を配合)を配合したゴム組成物(比較例6)の物性値を100として指数表示した。また、ゴム物性の総合評価については、各物性の指数が全て90%以上となる場合を「◎」、一つでも80%以上、90%未満となる物性がある場合を「○」、一つでも80%未満となる物性がある場合を「×」と評価した。
ブリード発生の有無については、加硫後、室温放置3日後の試験片表面を目視観察し、ブリードが発生している場合を「有」、発生していない場合を「無」と評価した。
軟化剤のハンドリング性については、常温で他の配合剤と混合する際に手動操作をし易い場合を「◎」、若干扱いにくい場合を「○」、扱いにくい場合を「×」と評価した。
【0040】
【表6】
【0041】
【表7】
【0042】
表6から、特に実施例1〜5の軟化剤を使用したゴム組成物(実施例9〜13)は、いずれも良好なゴム物性を示した。また、これらの軟化剤は、ハンドリング性にも優れていた。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、安全性が高く、ゴム成分との親和性、経済性、取扱作業性に優れたゴム用軟化剤及びゴム組成物が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rubber softener and a rubber composition.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, natural rubber and diene rubber have been used for tire tread rubber compositions, and at the same time, highly aromatic process oils having good affinity with these rubbers have been used as softeners.
However, this highly aromatic process oil has carcinogenicity because the content of the polycyclic aromatic compound (hereinafter referred to as PCA), which is a DMSO extract by the IP346 / 92 method, is as high as 3% by mass or more. It is recommended by the EU Directive since 1989 that there is a possibility. Therefore, using such process oil is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety.
On the other hand, when paraffinic and naphthenic process oils with a PCA content of less than 3% by mass are blended, these oils have poor affinity with rubber components, so oil bleed occurs or bleed does not occur. There was a problem that the physical properties were greatly reduced.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to solve such problems, the conventional high-aromatic process oil is specially treated (for example, solvent extraction or hydrogenation treatment), the PCA content is less than 3% by mass, and safety is high. A softening agent that is high and excellent in affinity with a rubber component is desired, and many studies have been made.
For example, aromatic oils that do not exhibit carcinogenicity (PCA content is less than 3% by mass) have been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1-5). However, all of them have been devised by solvent extraction or hydrogenation treatment of highly aromatic oils multiple times, or by processing such as history removal and solvent extraction of vacuum distillation residue oil, but the yield in the purification process is low. As a result, the economic efficiency deteriorates.
Moreover, the softening agent for rubber | gum which mixed asphalt is disclosed (for example, refer patent document 6 and 7). However, straight asphalt is used for all, and it is viscous and difficult to handle. Moreover, regarding the safety, since the conventional highly aromatic oil is mixed, the problem of carcinogenicity is still unsolved.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-505524 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-80434 [Patent Document 3]
JP 2002-3861 A [Patent Document 4]
European Patent No. 417980 [Patent Document 5]
US Pat. No. 5,178,750 [Patent Document 6]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-302459 [Patent Document 7]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-2831
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a rubber softener and a rubber composition which are highly safe and have excellent affinity with a rubber component, economy, and handling workability. .
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that it is effective to use a specific vacuum distillation residue oil and mineral oil in combination, and have completed the present invention.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, blended with a vacuum distillation residue of crude oil having a viscosity specific gravity constant of 0.800 to 0.875 and a penetration (1/10 mm) at 25 ° C. of 300 or more. A rubber softener is provided.
[0007]
According to the 2nd aspect of this invention, the rubber composition formed by mix | blending 10-25 mass% of said rubber softeners with rubber | gum on the rubber composition whole reference | standard is provided.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the rubber softener of the present invention will be described.
The rubber softener of the present invention is mixed with a crude oil under reduced pressure distillation residue of crude oil having a viscosity specific gravity constant of 0.800 to 0.875 and a penetration (1/10 mm) at 25 ° C. of 300 or more. . Here, the vacuum distillation residue oil means a residue oil obtained by distillation under reduced pressure from various atmospheric crude oil residues.
[0009]
When the viscosity specific gravity constant of the vacuum distillation residue oil is 0.800 to 0.875, it has good affinity with rubber when prepared as a softening agent, bleed does not occur in vulcanized rubber, and rubber physical properties are also It does not decline. The viscosity specific gravity constant is preferably 0.830 to 0.875.
[0010]
This viscosity specific gravity constant has a large relationship with the composition and molecular weight of the vacuum distillation residue oil, and means that it becomes a measure of affinity with rubber.
The viscosity specific gravity constant can be determined from the following formula (1) according to ASTM D2501-91.
[Expression 1]
[Wherein V. G. C represents a viscosity specific gravity constant, G represents a density (g / ml) at 15 ° C., and V ′ represents a kinematic viscosity (mm 2 / s) at 100 ° C. ]
[0011]
When the penetration at 25 ° C. measured in accordance with JIS K2207-1990 is 300 or more, it does not become viscous when prepared into a softener and is excellent in handling workability. Further, the physical properties of rubber are also improved. The penetration is preferably 350 or more, more preferably 400 or more.
[0012]
The vacuum distillation residue oil used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the viscosity specific gravity constant and penetration are within the above ranges, but a naphthenic crude oil vacuum distillation residue oil is preferred. In addition, a viscosity specific gravity constant and penetration can be suitably adjusted mainly by selecting or mixing crude oil.
Further, the vacuum distillation residue oil used in the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of preferably 200 to 800 cst, more preferably 200 to 700 cst.
Such vacuum distillation residue oil does not show carcinogenicity. In addition, a rubber composition containing a rubber softener obtained by blending such vacuum distillation residue oil into mineral oil does not generate bleed and is excellent in rubber physical properties (for example, tensile stress).
[0013]
The rubber softener of the present invention is preferably 30 to 80% by mass, more preferably 40 to 60% by mass, and the DMSO extract content (PCA content) according to the IP346 / 92 method. The mineral oil having a flash point of less than 3% by mass, a flash point of 200 ° C. or more, and an aniline point of 100 ° C. or less is preferably 20 to 70% by mass, and more preferably 40 to 60% by mass.
[0014]
About the mineral oil mixed with the vacuum distillation residue oil mix | blended with the softener for rubber | gum of this invention, when the PCA content is less than 3 mass%, possibility that it will show carcinogenicity as a whole softener will become low. The PCA content is preferably less than 2.8%.
[0015]
When the flash point of mineral oil is 200 ° C. or higher, deterioration of the working environment due to oil vapor during rubber processing can be suppressed, and rubber physical properties can be further improved. The flash point is preferably 220 ° C. or higher.
[0016]
When the aniline point of the mineral oil is 100 ° C. or lower, bleeding does not occur, and rubber physical properties can be further improved. The aniline point is preferably 97 ° C. or lower.
[0017]
Rubber | gum physical property can be improved more as the compounding quantity of vacuum distillation residue oil and mineral oil exists in the said range. The blending amount of the vacuum distillation residue oil is particularly preferably 50 to 60% by mass. The blending amount of mineral oil is particularly preferably 40 to 50% by mass.
[0018]
In the present invention, as mineral oils having the above properties, each step such as solvent purification, hydrorefining, or hydrocracking of fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, history removal process, etc. of various crude oils, Furthermore, what was refine | purified by the dewaxing process as needed can be selected suitably, and can be used.
[0019]
The rubber softener of the present invention preferably has a mutagenicity index (MI value) according to ASTM E1687 of less than 1.0, more preferably less than 0.8. If the MI value is less than 1.0, the possibility of having carcinogenicity is reduced.
[0020]
The rubber softener of the present invention preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of 50 to 80 mm 2 / s, more preferably 50 to 70 mm 2 / s. When the kinematic viscosity is 50 to 80 mm 2 / s, the physical properties of the rubber can be further improved, and the viscosity is not too high. It can be done easily.
[0021]
To the rubber softener of the present invention, additives such as an antioxidant and a plasticizer can be further added as long as the purpose is not impaired.
[0022]
The method for producing the rubber softener of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be produced by mixing the above-described reduced-pressure distillation residue oil and mineral oil by a known method, for example, heating and mixing.
[0023]
Since the rubber softener of the present invention is used in combination with a vacuum distillation residue oil and mineral oil having the above properties, it has high safety (low possibility of carcinogenicity) and excellent compatibility with rubber components. , Rubber properties are also improved. Moreover, since a special extraction process is not required in a refinement | purification process, it is excellent in economical efficiency. Furthermore, it is excellent in handling workability (handling property).
[0024]
Next, the rubber composition of the present invention will be described.
The rubber composition of the present invention comprises 10 to 25% by mass, preferably 15 to 25% by mass of the rubber softener described above, based on the rubber composition as a whole. When the blending amount of the softening agent is 10 to 25% by mass, the softening effect and rubber physical properties can be further improved.
[0025]
The rubber used in the rubber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be either natural rubber or synthetic rubber. Examples of the synthetic rubber include styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), styrene-chloroprene rubber (SCR), styrene-isoprene rubber (SIR), isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR), and ethylene-propylene. -Diene monomer (EPDM) etc. are mentioned. Among these, aromatic rubber such as SBR, SCR, SIR, or natural rubber is preferable, and rubber containing 50% by mass or more of SBR or natural rubber is particularly preferable.
[0026]
The rubber composition of the present invention includes a reinforcing agent such as carbon black and silica, a dispersing agent such as stearic acid and lauric acid, a vulcanizing agent such as sulfur and peroxide, zinc white, Additives such as vulcanization accelerators such as zinc carbonate and deterioration inhibitors can be further added.
[0027]
The production method of the rubber composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the above-mentioned rubber softener and rubber are mixed, rubber kneaded, and added by a known method such as a Banbury mixer, two rolls, a vulcanizing press, and the like. It can be manufactured by a method of sulfuration.
[0028]
Since the rubber composition of the present invention contains the above rubber softener, the initial rubber physical properties (normal physical properties) are high, and the bleeding properties are also excellent.
[0029]
Such a rubber composition can be suitably used in applications such as tire treads and belts.
[0030]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The properties and physical properties of the vacuum distillation residue oil, mineral oil, rubber softener and rubber composition were determined by the following methods.
(1) It measured based on JISK2283-1993 on the temperature conditions of dynamic viscosity of 100 degreeC.
(2) Viscosity specific gravity constant (VGC)
It calculated | required from the said Formula (1).
(3) Flash point (COC)
The measurement was made according to JIS K2265-1989 (Cleveland open type).
(4) Measured according to Asphaltene Petroleum Institute Standard JPI-55-22-83.
(5) Measurement was performed in accordance with JIS K2207-1990 under a temperature condition of 25 ° C. penetration.
(6) Aniline point Measured according to JIS K2256-1985 (U-tube method).
(7) Measured according to PCA component IP346 / 92 method.
(8) Mutagenicity index (MI value)
Measured according to ASTM E1687.
(9) Hardness Measured according to JIS K2653-1993 (type A durometer method).
(10) Elongation Measured in accordance with JIS K2651-1993.
(11) Tensile stress Measured in accordance with JIS K2651-1993.
(12) Tensile strength Measured in accordance with JIS K2651-1993.
[0031]
Examples 1-8, Comparative Examples 1-3
[Preparation and evaluation of rubber softener]
The reduced-pressure distillation residue oils A to E and mineral oils 1 to 3 having the properties shown in Tables 1 and 2 were mixed at the ratios shown in Tables 3 and 4 to prepare rubber softeners. The properties and evaluation are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
As for safety, a case where the MI value was less than 1 was evaluated as “◯”, and a case where the MI value was 1 or more was evaluated as “x”.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Vacuum distillation residue oil A: Australian production: naphthene base crude oil (1) vacuum distillation residue oil Vacuum distillation residue oil B: China production: naphthene base crude oil vacuum distillation residue oil Vacuum distillation residue oil C: Australia production: naphthene base crude oil ( 2) Vacuum distillation residue oil Vacuum distillation residue oil D: Middle East production: Middle crude oil vacuum distillation residue oil Vacuum distillation residue oil E: China production: Paraffin base crude oil vacuum distillation residue oil
[Table 2]
Mineral oil 1: Trial oil (1) (Naphthenic high viscosity oil)
Mineral oil 2: Prototype oil (2) (naphthenic low viscosity oil)
Mineral oil 3: Prototype oil (3) (high aromatic oil)
[0034]
[Table 3]
[0035]
[Table 4]
[0036]
Examples 9-16, Comparative Examples 4-6
[Preparation and evaluation of rubber composition]
Using the softeners (compounding agent (5)) obtained in Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, rubber kneading and vulcanization were performed as follows in the SBR compound for tire tread shown in Table 5. A rubber composition was prepared.
[0037]
[Table 5]
[0038]
(Rubber kneading)
Compounding agent (1) was kneaded with a Banbury mixer for 1 minute and plasticized, then compounding agents (2) to (5) were mixed, and kneaded with a Banbury mixer for 4 minutes. Thereafter, compounding agents (6) and (7) were mixed with two rolls and kneaded for 10 minutes to obtain an unvulcanized rubber.
(Vulcanization)
Unvulcanized rubber was vulcanized with a vulcanization press at 145 ° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a rubber sheet having a thickness of 2 mm.
[0039]
A JIS No. 3 dumbbell-shaped test piece was prepared from the obtained rubber sheet, and the rubber physical properties (normal physical properties) of vulcanized rubber, the presence or absence of bleed generation, and the handling properties of the softening agent during rubber kneading were evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.
In addition, about rubber physical properties (hardness, elongation, tensile stress, tensile strength), the physical property value of the rubber composition (Comparative Example 6) which mix | blended the softener (comprising highly aromatic oil as mineral oil) of the comparative example 3 was mixed. Is shown as an index with 100 being 100. Regarding the overall evaluation of rubber physical properties, “◎” indicates that the index of each physical property is 90% or more, “○” indicates that there is a physical property that is at least 80% and less than 90%. However, the case where there was a physical property of less than 80% was evaluated as “x”.
The presence or absence of bleed was evaluated by visually observing the surface of the test piece after vulcanization and standing at room temperature for 3 days. The case where bleed occurred was evaluated as “present” and the case where no bleed occurred was evaluated as “not present”.
Regarding the handling property of the softener, the case where it was easy to perform manual operation when mixing with another compounding agent at normal temperature was evaluated as “◎”, the case where it was slightly difficult to handle was evaluated as “◯”, and the case where it was difficult to handle was evaluated as “X”.
[0040]
[Table 6]
[0041]
[Table 7]
[0042]
From Table 6, the rubber compositions (Examples 9 to 13) using the softeners of Examples 1 to 5 showed good rubber properties. These softeners were also excellent in handling properties.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a rubber softening agent and a rubber composition which are highly safe and have excellent affinity with a rubber component, economy and handling workability.
Claims (6)
IP346/92法によるDMSO抽出物の含有量が3質量%未満で、引火点が200℃以上で、アニリン点が100℃以下である鉱油20〜70質量%と
を含む請求項1に記載のゴム用軟化剤。30-80% by mass of the vacuum distillation residue oil,
The rubber according to claim 1, comprising a mineral oil having a DMSO extract content of less than 3% by mass according to the IP346 / 92 method, a flash point of 200 ° C or higher, and an aniline point of 100 ° C or lower and 20 to 70% by mass of mineral oil. Softener.
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