JP3615895B2 - Liquid cap for lead acid battery - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a lead-acid battery liquid spout with improved performance for preventing overflow from the liquid spout of a lead-acid battery.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Increasing vehicle structure complexity and electronics increase the over-density in the engine room, and the increase in leisure vehicles represented by four-wheel drive vehicles increases the chances of receiving extreme vibrations and shocks associated with driving on bad roads. High performance is required by the storage battery installed in the engine room. In particular, lead-acid batteries installed in automobiles with many opportunities for driving on rough roads are required to improve performance to prevent electrolyte overflow from the liquid spout due to vibration, and are installed in engine rooms with increased density. It is also an important element to do.
[0003]
As a conventional liquid spout having a structure for preventing overflow in a lead-acid battery, the structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-193058 shown in FIG. 4 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-232853 shown in FIG. The structure disclosed in is known.
[0004]
In the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 4, the inside of the cylindrical portion 30 of the liquid spigot is divided into at least three chambers by a splash-proof plate 31 having an inclination of 20 ° or more with respect to the horizontal direction, and the lowermost portion of the cylindrical portion 30 The exhaust passage from the exhaust slit 32 provided to the exhaust port 33 to the exhaust port 33 of the head of the liquid spout is formed so as to be shifted by 180 degrees. With this configuration, the electrolyte that has entered the cylinder 30 is recirculated in the bottom direction before it rises to the exhaust hole 33 and overflows, thereby preventing overflow.
[0005]
Further, in the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 5, an explosion-proof filter 34 having a microscopic hole for ventilation from the top and four splash-proof plates 35 that divide the bottom into four chambers are disposed in the tube portion 37 of the liquid spigot. The upper portions of the exhaust hole 38 and the exhaust slit 39 are closed by the splash-proof plate 35. With this configuration, the electrolyte solution that has entered the cylinder portion 37 from the exhaust hole 38 or the exhaust slit 39 is prevented from rising up to the explosion-proof filter 34, and is returned to the bottom portion due to the inclination of the splash-proof plate 35. It is possible to prevent overflow without impairing the air permeability.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the lead plug of the lead storage battery having the above conventional configuration, the vibration resistance performance defined in the lead storage battery related standards such as JIS is evaluated only in the vertical direction. It has a structure that emphasizes liquid prevention. For this reason, satisfactory performance has not been obtained with respect to the overflow prevention performance against horizontal vibration caused by running on rough roads and the like.
[0007]
When the vibration component based on the actual vehicle measurement of rough road driving with a four-wheel drive vehicle was obtained by random vibration analysis, the main vibration component is in the vertical direction and the horizontal vibration in the front, rear, left and right is relatively high. There was found. Even as a result of testing the overflow prevention performance against the vibration in the horizontal direction, it has been found that the structure of the liquid mouth plug of the lead storage battery having the above-described conventional configuration cannot satisfy the requirement.
[0008]
In particular, when the electrolyte level is excessively refilled or higher than the specified height due to temperature rise, etc., the deterioration of overflow prevention performance due to horizontal vibration is significant and effective due to horizontal vibration. There is a need for a liquid stopper with an overflow prevention structure.
[0009]
The present invention provides a lead plug for a lead-acid battery that has improved reliability in preventing overflow from severe vibration including horizontal vibration components based on the results obtained under vibration conditions when traveling on rough roads. It is intended to do.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an exhaust hole in the head located outside the battery case when screwed into the battery case lid, and provides a ventilation gap in the cylindrical body located in the battery case. In addition to preventing the electrolyte from overflowing by partitioning it into a plurality of spaces in the vertical direction by a plurality of splash-proof plates, and by means of an exhaust route communicating from the cylindrical body to the exhaust hole of the head through the ventilation gap. In a liquid lead plug for a lead-acid battery that exhausts the gas in the tank, the lower end open portion of the cylindrical body is closed to form an exhaust slit on the lower side surface, and the splash-proof plate is disposed on both sides from the center line of the cylindrical body. Symmetrically upward-sloped splash-proof plates and symmetrically-sloped splash-proof plates on both sides from the center line of the cylindrical body are alternately arranged in the vertical direction with the center lines on the same vertical line. Therefore, the cylindrical body is divided into multiple spaces and adjacent to the lowermost slope of each splash-proof plate Wherein the ventilation gap to be connected is formed between between.
[0011]
According to the above configuration, the splash-proof plate that is symmetrically inclined upward and the splash-proof plate that is inclined downward from the center line of the cylindrical body are alternately arranged in the cylindrical body so that the center lines are on the same vertical line. When the ventilation gap is formed at the lowermost part of the slope, the ventilation gap is arranged at a position shifted by 90 degrees. Therefore, the electrolytic solution that is going to rise from the ventilation gap is blocked by the splash-proof plate that covers the ventilation gap. Since this state is repeated in a plurality of layers, the rising energy of the electrolytic solution that is going to rise by vigorous vibration is attenuated, and overflow can be suppressed. Further, even if the electrolyte rises, it flows down from the ventilation gap due to the inclination, so that it is possible to suppress the rise to the top. This ventilation gap forms an exhaust route for the gas in the battery case that leads from the exhaust slit to the exhaust hole in the head.
[0012]
By forming the exhaust slits in the above configuration on opposite side surfaces, the electrolyte that has flowed into the cylinder part from one side can easily escape to the other side, so that the cylinder can be prevented from rising.
[0013]
In addition, the direction of the gap formed in the splash-proof plate disposed immediately above the exhaust slit is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the inflow direction of the fluid flowing in from the exhaust slit, so that the electrolyte flowing in from the exhaust slit The gap that can be lifted is at a position shifted by 90 degrees, and it escapes from the exhaust slit in the opposite direction before it rises in combination with the structure of the exhaust slit formed at the opposite position, so that the rise in the cylindrical body is suppressed. Overflow is prevented.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view (a) and a side view (b) showing the structure of a lead-acid battery liquid port plug (hereinafter abbreviated as a liquid port plug) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0015]
In FIG. 1, a liquid spigot 1 is configured by housing a splash-proof plate structure 3 in a main body (cylindrical body) 2 in which a head 1a and a cylinder 1b are integrally formed. This liquid spigot 1 is screwed to the battery case lid of the lead storage battery by a screw part 9 provided in the main body part 2 so that the head part 1a is located outside the battery case and the cylinder part 1b is located inside the battery case. Attached to. A flange portion 8 is formed on the upper portion of the screw portion 9, and a packing 11 is fitted between the flange portion 8 and the screw portion 9 to ensure a hermetic seal when screwed.
[0016]
The internal structure of the liquid spigot 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 3A is a side view in the Y-axis direction of the splash-proof plate structure, and FIGS. It is a top view.
[0017]
In FIG. 2, the main body 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape with an open lower end, and the lower end open portion is formed by a lid 13 of the splash-proof plate structure 3 by accommodating the splash-proof plate structure 3 in the cylinder. Sealed. Exhaust slits 4, 4 are formed in the lower part of the main body 2 at opposite positions on the Y axis, and the inside of the cylinder and the inside of the battery case are communicated. Gas exhaust routes are formed in the exhaust holes 5 and 5 provided in the head 1a through gaps (ventilation gaps) formed in the respective splash-proof plates described later from the exhaust slits 4 and 4. The generated gas can be exhausted.
[0018]
The splash-proof plate constituting body 3 includes, from below, a circular lid 13 that closes the lower opening of the main body 2, a first splash-proof plate 15 having an upward inclination angle on both sides from the center line in the X-axis direction, A second splash-proof plate 16 having a downward inclination angle on both sides from the center line in the X-axis direction, an upward inclination angle on both sides from the center line in the X-axis direction, and vertical portions 14 and 14 on the column 12 side. The provided third splash-proof plate 17 and the fourth splash-proof plate 18 having a horizontal surface at the top are supported by the support column 12 disposed at the center position of the main body 2.
[0019]
Since the first splash-proof plate 15 and the third splash-proof plate 17 have a gap formed by cutting out the lowermost part of the plane inclined symmetrically upward on both sides from the center line in the X-axis direction, FIG. ), The first splash-proof plate 15 is divided into semicircles 15a and 15b, and the second splash-proof plate 17 is divided into semicircles 17a and 17b. Is in contact with the inner wall surface 2 a of the main body 2.
[0020]
In addition, the second and fourth splash-proof plates 16 and 18 form a gap at the lowermost part of the surface that is symmetrically inclined downward on both sides from the center line in the X-axis direction. As described above, the circumferential portions on both sides parallel to the X-axis direction are notched, and a gap is formed between the inner wall surface 2 a of the main body 2. The shape of the splash-proof plate shown in FIG. 3 (c) and the shape of the splash-proof plate shown in FIG. 3 (b) are alternately arranged in the vertical direction with the center line aligned on the same vertical line, so that each gap The upper part of is covered with a splash-proof plate, and the position of the gap is arranged in a state shifted by 90 degrees.
[0021]
With the above configuration, the exhaust flow path from the inside of the battery case has a gap between the first splash-proof plates 15a and 15b, the second splash-proof plate 16 as shown in FIG. The gaps on both sides, the gaps between the third splash-proof plates 17a and 17b, and the gaps on both sides of the fourth splash-proof plate 18 lead to the upper part of the main body 2 in a direction shifted by 90 degrees, and from the exhaust holes 5 and 5 to the outside It is formed so that it may lead to. In addition, the space 10 under the exhaust holes 5 and 5 is a space into which an explosion-proof filter having a microhole is fitted.
[0022]
The structure for forming the exhaust passage effectively acts to prevent the electrolyte from overflowing. The action of preventing overflow will be described below.
[0023]
The liquid spigot 1 configured as described above is set so that its lower end is the same as or slightly above the specified liquid level of the electrolyte when attached to the battery case lid, and the liquid level is shaken by vibration. When this occurs, the corrugated electrolyte and the splash of the electrolyte enter the main body 2 from the exhaust slits 4 and 4. Intrusion also occurs due to an increase in liquid level due to inclination or excessive water supplementation.
[0024]
First, since the exhaust slits 4 and 4 are formed at opposite positions on the side surfaces, there is little penetration of the electrolytic solution due to vertical vibration. The directional droplet electrolyte or wave electrolyte in the horizontal vibration is easy to escape to the opposite side, and the electrolyte does not increase. The width of the support column 12 in the formation direction (Y-axis direction) of the exhaust slits 4 and 4 is narrow, and the resistance to the electrolyte passing therethrough is reduced. Further, since the first splash-proof plates 15a and 15b located immediately above the exhaust slits 4 and 4 are opposed to the exhaust slits 4 and 4 with a downward inclination, the resistance to the flow between the exhaust slits 4 and 4 is small. Since the inflow direction is changed downward, the rise of the electrolyte can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the gap between the first splash-proof plates 15a and 15b is formed at a position shifted by 90 degrees with respect to the direction of the exhaust slits 4 and 4, the electrolyte solution combined with the opposing position arrangement of the exhaust slits 4 and 4 In order to rise, it is necessary to go around 90 degrees, and it is less likely to enter through the gap.
[0025]
The electrolyte that has risen through the gap between the first splash-proof plates 15a and 15b by vigorous vibration is suppressed by the second splash-proof plate 16 that contacts the inner wall of the main body 2 at the upper part of the gap.
[0026]
The electrolyte that has further risen around the gap formed between the second splash-proof plate 16 and the inner wall 2a of the main body 2 is also covered by the third splash-proof plates 17a and 17b, and the upper part of the gap is further covered. Since the portions 14 and 14 prevent the third splash-proof plates 17a and 17b from entering the gap, a considerable amount of rising energy is required to ascend to the uppermost fourth splash-proof plate 18. Since energy is dispersed and attenuated step by step in each layer in this way, when the energy is attenuated, the electrolyte falls from the downward inclined surface of each splash-proof plate into the gap and circulates.
[0027]
The passage for the electrolyte that has entered the main body 2 from the exhaust slits 4 and 4 to rise is a gap between the first splash-proof plates 15a and 15b. In order to further increase from here, the rising energy is attenuated by downward inclination, attenuated by dispersion distributed to the left and right, and attenuated by the next gap position being shifted by 90 degrees. It is difficult to rise as a liquid. Even if the droplet electrolyte that has become gaseous as a droplet rises in synchronization with the movement of the gas in the battery case, there is no flow path that allows the gas to rise at a high flow rate, and electrolysis with a large specific gravity is possible in a state where the rising energy is low. The liquid component returns from the downward inclined surface through the gap. Further, since the same structure for attenuating the rising energy is formed in a plurality of stages, the rising up to the uppermost fourth splash-proof plate 18 can be suppressed unless the conditions are very severe.
[0028]
In order to confirm the effect of the overflow prevention structure, the results of a comparison test with the liquid stopper having the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 5 are shown in FIGS. This test was conducted by a vibration test using a single vibration evaluation method based on a sine waveform for each liquid level height and vibration frequency of a lead storage battery defined in JIS-55B24. Assuming that the vibration condition is when mounted on a vehicle, the presence of overflow is investigated by sinusoidal vibration in the range of 5 to 50 Hz on behalf of the region with the largest vibration while charging at a constant voltage of 14.5V. The liquid limit was measured. Each figure is a graph obtained by plotting the acceleration value at which overflow occurs when the acceleration G is increased at each frequency measurement point. The acceleration G corresponds to the amplitude of the corresponding frequency.
[0029]
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the test results using the liquid spigot 1 according to the present embodiment, FIG. 7 is a graph showing the test results using the liquid spigot according to the conventional configuration, and the solid line indicates the electrolyte level. The state where the specified liquid level is set, and the broken line display is an overfilled state where the liquid level is higher by +10 mm than the specified liquid level. Note that the liquid spigot 1 according to the present embodiment was provided with an explosion-proof filter having the same explosion-proof structure as that of the conventional structure in the space 10 shown in FIG.
[0030]
As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 7 (a), the overflow limit due to the vibration in the vertical direction has been implemented up to the acceleration of 10G, which is the limit of the shaker. There is no big difference, and an extremely high effect of preventing overflow is shown.
[0031]
However, at the overflow limit due to vibration in the front-rear direction, as shown in FIG. 7B, in the conventional configuration, overflow occurs when the vibration frequency is 25 Hz and the acceleration is 6 G or more, and in the state where the liquid level is 10 mm higher, the vibration frequency Overflow occurred when the acceleration was 2 G at 15 Hz. On the other hand, in the configuration of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the vibration frequency is 35 Hz, the acceleration of 10 G or more is the overflow limit, and when the liquid level is 10 mm higher, the acceleration is 7 G at the vibration frequency of 25 Hz. As a result, the overflow limit was reached, and the overflow prevention performance was greatly improved.
[0032]
Furthermore, at the overflow limit for the vibration in the left-right direction, as shown in FIG. 7C, in the conventional configuration, overflow occurs when the vibration frequency is 25 Hz and the acceleration is 5 G or more. Overflow occurred when the acceleration was 2 G at 15 Hz. On the other hand, in the configuration of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6C, the acceleration 9G is the overflow limit at the vibration frequency of 35 Hz, and the acceleration 7G is at the vibration frequency of 30 Hz when the liquid level is 10 mm higher. As a result, the overflow limit was reached, and the overflow prevention performance was greatly improved.
[0033]
As can be seen from the test results, the configuration of the liquid spigot 1 according to the present embodiment has significantly improved overflow prevention performance against horizontal vibration compared to the conventional configuration. This overflow prevention performance can be said to have performance that does not cause overflow even if it is installed in an automobile with many opportunities for driving on rough roads such as a four-wheel drive vehicle.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the splash-proof plate and the splash-proof plate inclined downward and symmetrically on both sides from the center line of the cylindrical body are alternately arranged on the same line on the vertical line. When the ventilation gap is formed at the lowermost part of the slope, the ventilation gap is arranged at a position shifted by 90 degrees for each stage. Therefore, the electrolytic solution that is going to rise from the ventilation gap is blocked by the splash-proof plate that covers the ventilation gap. Since this state is repeated in a plurality of layers, it is difficult for the electrolyte to be raised by vigorous vibration to reach the uppermost portion, and the overflow can be suppressed. In addition, even if the electrolytic solution rises, it flows down and recirculates through the air gap due to the inclination, so that it can be prevented that the electrolytic solution rises to the top and overflows. By forming the ventilation gap, an exhaust route leading from the exhaust slit to the exhaust hole of the head is formed, and the gas in the battery case can be exhausted while preventing the electrolyte from overflowing. This configuration provides a lead-acid battery liquid plug that effectively prevents overflow not only in vertical vibration but also in horizontal vibration.
[0035]
By forming the exhaust slits on opposite side surfaces, the electrolyte that has flowed into the cylinder part from one side can easily escape to the other side, so it is possible to prevent the cylindrical body from rising, and directly above the exhaust slit. By arranging the direction of the gap formed in the installed splash-proof plate in a direction perpendicular to the inflow direction of the fluid flowing in from the exhaust slit, the gap in which the electrolyte flowing in from the exhaust slit can rise is 90 degrees. Before being lifted in combination with the structure of the exhaust slit formed at the opposite position, it is escaped from the exhaust slit in the opposite direction, and the rise in the cylindrical body is suppressed and overflow is prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view (a) and a Y-axis direction side view (b) showing a configuration of a lead-acid battery liquid spigot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line YY of the liquid lead plug for the lead storage battery.
FIG. 3A is a side view in the Y-axis direction of the splash-proof plate structure constituting the liquid stopper for the lead storage battery, and FIG. 3B is a plan view of each splash-proof plate.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid spout of a lead storage battery according to a first conventional configuration.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid spout of a lead storage battery according to a second conventional configuration.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the test results of the overflow prevention performance due to vibration in the vertical direction (a), the front-rear direction (b), and the left-right direction (c) of the lead-acid battery liquid plug according to the embodiment of the present invention. .
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the test results of the overflow prevention performance due to vibrations in the vertical direction (a), the front-rear direction (b), and the left-right direction (c) of the liquid lead plug for a lead storage battery according to the conventional configuration.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Liquid storage plug for lead-acid battery 2 Body (tubular body)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Splash-proof board structure 4 Exhaust slit 5 Exhaust hole 12 Support | pillar 13 Cover body 14 Vertical part 15, 15a, 15b 1st splash board 16 2nd splash board 17, 17a, 17b 3rd splash board 18 4th prevention Spray plate

Claims (3)

When screwed into the battery case lid, an exhaust hole is provided in the head located outside the battery case, and the cylindrical body located in the battery case is provided with a plurality of splash-proof plates provided with ventilation gaps in the vertical direction. A lead-acid battery liquid port plug that prevents the electrolyte from overflowing by partitioning into a space and exhausts the gas in the battery case through an exhaust route communicating from the tubular body toward the exhaust hole of the head through the ventilation gap. In
The lower end opening of the cylindrical body is closed to form an exhaust slit on the lower side surface, and the splash-proof plate is symmetrically upwardly inclined on both sides from the center line of the cylindrical body, and the cylindrical body By dividing the cylindrical body into a plurality of spaces by alternately arranging the anti-splash plates symmetrically downward on both sides from the center line in the vertical direction so that the center line is located on the same vertical line, A lead hole for a lead-acid battery, characterized in that a ventilation gap connecting between adjacent spaces is formed at the lowermost slope of the splash-proof plate. The lead plug for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein exhaust slits are formed on opposite side surfaces. The direction of the gap formed in the splash-proof plate disposed immediately above the exhaust slit is disposed in a direction perpendicular to the inflow direction of the fluid flowing in from the exhaust slit. Liquid lead plug for lead storage battery as described.

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