JP3609212B2 - Method of controlling the growth of paddy weeds - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a rice cultivation method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In rice cultivation, weed control is an indispensable technique. Although it has been performed manually for a long time, and even with a weeding machine, it is now generally done with a herbicide.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, the expectation for pesticide-free cultivation of rice has increased, but weeding by hand requires a lot of labor, using a weeding machine, other methods also require some effort, It is difficult to completely control weeds.
[0004]
The present invention intends to prevent the generation of weeds by spraying a carbohydrate material on the rice field simultaneously with rice planting or immediately after rice planting.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, waste wheat or the like having a high starch content is used as the carbohydrate material.
[0006]
It is more effective to perform processing such as pulverization because the above materials are easily decomposed quickly by microorganisms.
[0007]
[Action]
When the material is sprayed on the rice field, carbohydrates are decomposed by microorganisms, but oxygen in the topsoil and surface water is consumed in the process of decomposition.
[0008]
The seeds of weeds that have begun to germinate before or immediately after rice planting die from suffocation due to oxygen deficiency due to the above phenomenon.
[0009]
The decomposition of the carbohydrate causes reduction of the soil, and the released iron combines with oxygen on the water surface to become iron oxide again, which floats in the water and deteriorates the transparency of the paddy water.
[0010]
The above-mentioned carbohydrate material disintegrates as the decomposition progresses, and a part of the constituent material becomes colloidal and floats in the paddy water.
[0011]
The decomposing action also affects the soil tissue on the ground surface, loosening the binding of particles and causing the soil colloid to float in the paddy water.
[0012]
Aggregates of free iron oxide, carbohydrate material tissue colloids, soil colloids, etc. reduce the transparency of paddy water, block sunlight and suppress the growth of perennial weeds.
[0013]
The carbohydrate material contains different amounts of components depending on the type, but contains nitrogen compounds, phosphorus, potassium, etc., which are necessary as nutrients for rice. Therefore, if the combination of materials and the proportion of blending are taken into account, the effect of fertilization can be increased while playing the role of preventing the generation of weeds.
[0014]
【Example】
On May 1, 1996, paddy soil of Sannotsubo, Kojima-cho, Moriyama was collected, and 7 kg of soil and 2 g of ammonia sulfate were mixed and introduced into each pot of the treatment zone and control zone with a diameter of 22 cm. Water entered 3 cm deep and planted rice seedlings of 4.5 ages. 7.5 g (20 kg / a) of crushed crushed wheat was sprayed immediately in the treatment area.
[0015]
The test pot was placed in a greenhouse. From around May 10, weed germination was observed in the untreated area. In the survey one month later, the number of weeds was classified by type, and there were an innumerable number of Azemushiro, which were Kogi (22), Mizukayatsuri (11), Himeisohagi (4), Azena (1), and Tsuyukusa (1).
[0016]
The treatment area gradually became cloudy and became opaque in a few days. No weeds of any kind were observed on the survey date for the occurrence of weeds.
[0017]
In the treated area, the initial growth was suppressed, the plant height was short, and the number of tillers was small, but no difference was found between the untreated area and the nutritional state from the middle stage of the growth.
[0018]
In the same paddy soil as above, the pots that were treated without planting seedlings did not generate weeds even after 50 days had passed. The topsoil (about 10 mm) of this pot was taken out, air-dried, and a germination test was performed again, but only one oak germinated from a 160 cm ² pot.
[0019]
As a result of the germination test, it can be said that the seeds of weeds near the surface, which were present from the beginning, have lost their germination ability.
[0020]
From June 6, 1996, we conducted a comparative test by material using soil from a fallow paddy field in Minamizakura, Yasu Town. The pot has an inner diameter of 14.6 cm, the A pot is made by pulverizing forage corn and corn for feed, the B pot is made by grinding each piece of crushed wheat with 1.7 g, and the pot is filled with soil and water. Thereafter, the water depth was set to 3 cm and sprayed on the water surface. The C pot is only soil and water as controls. (Application rate is about 10kg in terms of 1a)
[0021]
On the 6th day after the start of the test, the occurrence of snapper was already observed. Due to the large number of occurrences, only the snapper was pulled out and examined. The test was completed on July 20, but the types and number of weeds generated so far were as follows. Konagi (63), Japanese millet buckwheat (21), Azena (9), Enokigusa (1), Dungweed (1), Mizukayatsuri (1).
[0022]
As described above, an extremely large number of occurrences were observed in the control C pot, whereas the occurrence of the A pot was not observed at all even on July 20, and the B pot had the power of Kogi (5), Mizukayatsuri ( 1) occurred.
[0023]
As described above, even though the same amount was applied to the A pot hemp and corn and the B pot waste wheat, the effects were considerably different. This is thought to be because steamed corn was steamed in the process of becoming a product, and the contained carbohydrate was easily decomposed into microorganisms.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is as described above, and has the effects described below.
[0025]
Even without the use of herbicides, the effect of preventing the generation of weeds is extremely large.
[0026]
When pesticide-free cultivation is performed, labor savings are significant.

Claims (3)

The rice field is sprayed with a carbohydrate material with a high starch content, and the sprayed carbohydrate material is decomposed by microorganisms to consume oxygen in the paddy surface soil and the surface water. A method for inhibiting the growth of paddy weed, characterized by inhibiting germination and growth. Transparency of paddy water by spraying carbohydrate material with high starch content on the rice field, reducing paddy soil by decomposing the sprayed carbohydrate material, colloidalization of some constituents of carbohydrate material and colloidalization of soil tissue of paddy soil The method for suppressing the growth of paddy field weeds is characterized in that the sun rays passing through the rice field water are blocked, thereby suppressing the growth of paddy field weeds. The method for suppressing the growth of paddy weeds according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spraying of the carbohydrate material is performed simultaneously with rice planting or immediately after rice planting.