JP3604305B2 - Bearing lubrication system for motors for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bearing lubrication device for a motor for a vehicle, and more particularly to a bearing lubrication device for a motor for a railway vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, grease is used for lubrication of bearings in railway vehicle drive motors (hereinafter referred to as motors). In recent years, however, efforts have been made to reduce the size and weight by high-speed rotation and extend the disassembly cycle for renewing the lubricant to save labor. Therefore, development of an oil lubrication system for bearings is under way.
[0003]
FIGS. 10 and 11 are diagrams showing the structure of an oil-lubricated bearing whose development is being studied. The motor 1 is provided with support portions 2 a and 2 b provided outside the frame 2 on a bogie frame 3. And is supported by the vehicle. A stator 4 composed of a cylindrical iron core and a plurality of coils is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the frame 2 of the motor 1, and a rotor 5 is disposed concentrically with the stator 4.
[0004]
A bracket 6 is attached to an end of the frame 2 on the drive side, and a housing 7 is attached to an end wall on the opposite side to the drive. Bearings 8 and 9 attached to the bracket 6 and the housing 7, respectively, A rotor shaft 10 to which the rotor 5 is attached is rotatably supported. The drive-side end 10a of the rotor shaft 10 protrudes out of the machine. The drive-side end 10a of the rotor shaft 10 is connected to a drive gear device via a joint (not shown) to transmit the torque of the motor. To run the vehicle.
[0005]
The outer surface of the bracket 6 is provided with an oil supply chamber 11 communicating with the bearing 8 when a lubricating oil storage portion 11a is formed at a lower portion, and is fixed to the rotor shaft 10 in the oil supply chamber 11. A refueling disk 12 having a diameter D is provided. The lower outer peripheral portion of the oil supply disk 12 is immersed in the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil storage portion 11a. Further, an oil receiver 13 is provided above the oil supply chamber 11, and the bottom of the oil receiver 13 is provided outside the frame 2 and the oil supply pipe 14 is tilted downward toward the non-drive side. It is connected to an oil supply hole 15 provided above the bearing 9 on the opposite side to the drive side.
[0006]
On the other hand, a toothed disk 16 for speed detection is attached to the opposite end of the rotor shaft 10 on the non-driving side, and the toothed disk 16 is covered by an end cover 17 mounted on the outer surface of the housing 7. ing. A speed detection sensor 18 is mounted on an upper outer peripheral portion of the end cover 17, and a distal end surface of the speed detection sensor 18 is opposed to an outer peripheral surface of the toothed disk 16 with a gap.
[0007]
An oil discharge port 19 is provided below the bearing 9, and the oil discharge port 19 is provided through an oil return pipe 20 provided outside the frame 2 and inclined toward a driving side. Is communicated to.
[0008]
Thus, when the motor 1 is driven, the rotation of the motor 1 rotates the oil supply disk 12 via the rotor shaft 10, and the lubricating oil attached to the oil supply disk 12 is swung up at the lower portion, and the oil supply chamber 11 The oil is supplied to an oil receiver 13 provided above. Then, the oil supplied to the oil receiver 13 flows through the oil supply pipe 14, reaches the inside of the bearing 9 through the oil supply port 15 of the non-drive side bearing part, and lubricates the bearing 9. Further, a part of the lubricating oil swung upward in the oil supply chamber 11 travels along the inner wall of the oil supply chamber 11 and flows into the inside of the drive-side bearing 8, and the bearing 8 is lubricated by the lubricating oil. Then, the lubricating oil that has lubricated the bearing 9 flows into the oil return pipe 20 from a drain port 19 provided below the bearing 9, and is returned to the lubricating oil reservoir 11 a of the oil supply chamber 11. Also, the lubricating oil that has lubricated the bearing 8 is discharged from the lower side of the bearing 8 to the lubricating oil reservoir 11 a of the oil supply chamber 11.
[0009]
In this way, the lubricating oil stored in the lubricating oil storage portion 11a of the oil supply chamber 11 is circulated and supplied to the bearings 8 and 9 to lubricate the bearings 8 and 9. Although the railway vehicle motor operates in bidirectional rotation, the lubrication operation is performed in the same manner even if the rotation direction changes due to the configuration of the lubrication disk 12 and the oil receiver 13.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a bearing oil supply device, since the oil discharged from the bearing 9 on the non-drive side is configured to be returned to the oil supply chamber 11 by the oil return pipe 20, the oil level in the lubricating oil reservoir 11a of the oil supply chamber 11 is set. A distance H between the height and the axis of the rotor shaft 10 is required to ensure 1/2 of the diameter d of the bearing 8 and the inclination of the oil return pipe 20. For this reason, it is necessary to set the oil level in the lubricating oil storage portion 11a at a position below the axis of the rotor shaft 10, and accordingly, the diameter D of the oil supply disk 12 needs to be considerably large. There is. Therefore, the position of the oil receiver 13 provided above the oil supply chamber 11 is also increased, and the distance between the oil level of the lubricating oil storage part and the oil receiver 13 needs to be increased.
[0011]
However, when the oil supply disk 12 rotates, a bubbling phenomenon occurs due to the entrainment of air into the oil in a portion immersed in the lubricating oil. However, as described above, when the diameter of the oil supply disk 12 increases, Since the peripheral speed increases, the bubbling phenomenon becomes severe, and there are problems such as instability of the oil supply performance and acceleration of oil oxidative deterioration.
[0012]
In addition, since the railcar motor needs to be provided in a limited space in the bogie below the floor, there are restrictions on the size of the motor below and in the lateral direction, and the space for the lubricating oil storage portion 11a of the oil supply chamber 11 is also large. Cannot be increased. Therefore, the amount of lubricating oil stored in the lubricating oil storage portion 11a of the oil supply chamber 11 decreases as the dimension H increases. On the other hand, since the lubrication oil gradually deteriorates due to the lubrication of the bearing, it is necessary to replace the lubrication oil when the deterioration limit is reached. Therefore, as described above, if the amount of the retained lubricating oil is small, the deterioration time of the oil is shortened, and thus there is a problem that the oil needs to be replaced early.
[0013]
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing characteristics of lubrication of the bearing 9 on the opposite side to the drive by the oiling disk of the oiling chamber. In the bearing oiling device shown in FIG. Accordingly, the refueling amount becomes maximum around 1000 rpm, the refueling amount decreases when the rotation speed further increases, and the refueling amount almost disappears after 2500 rpm. Therefore, when the distance between the stopping stations is short as in the case of a commuter train, the average rotation speed of the motor is as low as about 2000 rpm, so that the refueling amount is sufficient. When the number of rotations is high, there is a problem that the amount of refueling is insufficient. In addition, in a motor that is reduced in size and weight by increasing the rotation speed, the amount of refueling tends to be insufficient even for a commuter train.
[0014]
In view of the above, the present invention can improve oil supply instability and oil deterioration due to an increase in oil bubbling phenomenon, can prolong the oil exchange cycle, and furthermore, can prevent the oil from being driven on the opposite side in a high rotation range. An object of the present invention is to provide a bearing lubricating device capable of preventing a shortage of lubrication amount to a bearing.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an oil supply chamber adjacent to each outer surface of a bearing provided on both sides of an electric motor, communicating with a corresponding bearing, and having a lubricating oil reservoir formed below each. Alternatively, an oil discharge chamber is provided, and the lubricating oil reservoir formed in the oil supply chamber and the oil discharge chamber is communicated with a communication passage provided outside the machine. A lubrication disk is attached so that a part of the outer periphery is immersed in the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir, and lubricating oil pumped by the rotation of the lubricating disk is supplied to a bearing communicating with the oil drainage chamber through an oil supply pipe. It is characterized in that.
[0016]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, at least one annular groove extending in a circumferential direction about the rotation axis is provided in an outer peripheral portion of the oil supply disk.
[0017]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, a sensor chamber accommodating a toothed disk for speed detection on a rotation shaft is formed on the outer surface of the oil drainage chamber, The oil level in the lubricating oil reservoir of the oil discharge chamber is higher than the lower end of the outer periphery of the toothed disk.
[0018]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, an annular oil return chamber centered on the motor shaft is formed between the bearing in the bearing support member and the motor internal space. The oil return chamber communicates with the lubricating oil reservoir of the oil supply chamber or the drainage chamber through an oil return hole, and the oil level of the lubricating oil reservoir is adjusted so that the lubricating oil reaches the middle of the oil return hole. It is characterized by having been set.
[0019]
Further, according to the invention according to claim 5, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the lower portions of the lubricating oil storage sections of the oil supply chamber and the oil discharge chamber are connected by a communication chamber disposed outside the machine. An inclined surface which is inclined downward is formed on the bottom surface of the communication chamber, and an oil drain port which can be opened as needed is provided at the lowest position of the inclined surface.
[0020]
The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the upper space of the oil supply chamber and the oil discharge chamber is communicated through a communication passage.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the drawings, the same parts as those in FIGS. 10 and 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0022]
1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which a stator (not shown) is mounted on an inner peripheral surface of a frame 2 of a motor 1 and a rotor is provided in the stator. A rotor (not shown) mounted on the shaft 10 is disposed concentrically.
[0023]
A bracket 6 is attached to the drive-side end of the frame 2 and a housing 7 is attached to the non-drive-side end wall. Bearings 8 and 9 that support the rotor shaft 10 are mounted on the bracket 6 and the housing 7, respectively. Is provided.
[0024]
A lubricating oil reservoir 21a is formed at the lower portion of the outer surface of the bracket 6 and an oil supply chamber 21 communicating with the bearing 8 is provided. The oil supply chamber 21 has a diameter fixed to the rotor shaft 10 in the oil supply chamber 21. A refueling disk 22 of D 'is provided. The lubricating disk 22 has a lower outer peripheral portion immersed in lubricating oil in a lubricating oil storage portion 21a. Above the lubricating disk 22, an oil receiving the lubricating oil jumped up by the lubricating disk 22 is provided. A receiver 13 is provided.
[0025]
An oil supply pipe 14 provided outside the frame 2 and inclined downward toward the non-drive side is connected to the bottom of the oil receiver 13, and the oil supply pipe 14 is provided above the bearing 9 on the non-drive side. It is connected to the refueling port 15.
[0026]
On the other hand, an oil discharge chamber 23 having a lubricating oil storage portion 23a formed at a lower portion is mounted on the housing 7 on the non-drive side. In the upper space of the oil discharge chamber 23, there is provided a toothed disk 16 for speed detection which is large enough not to be immersed in the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil reservoir 23a. The lubricating oil reservoir 23a of the oil discharge chamber 23 and the lubricating oil reservoir 21a of the oil supply chamber 21 are communicated by a communication pipe 24 provided outside the machine. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 25 denotes a drain bolt provided in the lubricating oil reservoirs 21a and 23a.
[0027]
Thus, the lubricating disc 22 in the lubricating chamber 21 rotates with the rotation of the motor, and the lubricating oil adhered below the lubricating disc 22 is shaken off and blown upward, and supplied to the upper oil receiver 13. You. The oil supplied to the oil receiver 13 flows through the oil supply pipe 14, flows into the bearing 9 through the oil supply port 15, and lubricates the bearing 9. Then, the lubricating oil that has lubricated the bearing 9 is discharged from the bearing 9 to the oil discharge chamber 23 and stored in the lubricating oil storage part 23a.
[0028]
On the other hand, a part of the lubricating oil blown up by the oiling disk 22 in the oiling chamber 21 is transmitted to the inner wall surface of the oiling chamber 21 and flows down into the bearing 8 to lubricate the bearing 8 and thereafter lubricate the bearing 8 It is stored in the oil storage section 21a.
[0029]
By the way, the lubricating oil stored in the lubricating oil reservoir 23a formed below the oil discharge chamber 23 returns to the oil supply chamber 21 via the communication pipe 24, and thereafter the lubricating oil is circulated in the same manner. Therefore, the height of the oil level in each of the lubricating oil reservoirs 21a and 23a of the oil supply chamber 21 and the oil discharge chamber 23 is the same.
[0030]
Thus, in this embodiment, the oil return pipe inclined obliquely downward is unnecessary, the oil level in the lubricating oil reservoirs 21a and 23a can be made higher than before, and the oil level and the center of the motor shaft can be increased. Can be reduced. Therefore, the diameter D ′ of the oil supply disk 22 can be made smaller than before, and at the same time, the height position of the oil receiver 13 above the oil supply chamber 21 can be made lower.
[0031]
The lubrication characteristics of the bearing lubrication device having such a structure are as shown by a solid line B in FIG. That is, as the distance between the oil level and the oil receiver 13 becomes shorter, the amount of refueling increases, and the degree of decrease in the amount of refueling with the increase in the number of rotations becomes gentler. A sufficient amount of lubrication can be secured.
[0032]
In addition, as the diameter D 'of the lubrication disk 22 is reduced, the peripheral speed of the part immersed in the oil is reduced, so that the bubbling phenomenon of the oil is reduced, and the lubrication oil is stabilized and the lubrication oil is oxidized. Deterioration can be reduced. Further, since the oil level in the lubricating oil storage section is increased, the amount of oil stored in the oil supply chamber 21 increases, and the lubricating oil is also stored in the lubricating oil storage section 23a of the oil discharge chamber 23. The amount of oil greatly increases, and the exchange cycle due to oil deterioration can be greatly extended in combination with the reduction of oxidative deterioration. In addition, the increase in the amount of the lubricating oil increases the rate at which the oil level decreases due to the consumption of the oil, so that the oil replenishment cycle can be extended.
[0033]
By the way, in the above embodiment, the refueling disk 22 is of a flat plate shape. However, as shown in FIGS. An extended concentric annular groove 27 may be formed. In this case, when the lubricating disk 26 is immersed in the lubricating oil, a large amount of lubricating oil adheres to the annular groove 27, and the time until the oil is shaken off by the lubricating disk by rotation is shorter than that of the flat disk. As a result, the amount of oil carried to the upper oil pan can be increased.
[0034]
The lubrication characteristics in this case are as shown by the dotted line C in FIG. 12, and the lubrication amount can be increased over the high rotation range at the same time as the lubrication amount increases.
[0035]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the operation status of the train. Since the commuter train stops at each station, the acceleration and deceleration time increases, and the traveling time in the high-speed area is short, so that the average rotation speed of the motor is around 2000 rpm. It becomes. On the other hand, since the limited express train has a longer interval between stop stations, the running time at high speed is longer than the time during acceleration and deceleration, and the average rotational speed of the motor is around 3500 rpm.
[0036]
Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 12C, the oil lubrication characteristics of the grooved oil disk 26 can be sufficiently secured even at 3500 rpm, so that the oil lubrication method is also used for the motor of the limited express train. Will be possible. Since the annular groove 27 of the oil supply disk 26 is formed concentrically with the center of rotation, the effect of stirring the oil by the rotation of the oil supply disk is small and does not increase the bubbling of the oil.
[0037]
FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention. A sensor chamber 30 is defined by a wall 31 outside a drain chamber 23, and a toothed disk 16 is formed in the sensor chamber 30. Is contained. The oil level in the lubricating oil reservoir 23a of the oil discharge chamber 23 is higher than the lower end of the outer periphery of the toothed disk 16.
[0038]
However, in this case, since the sensor chamber 30 is completely partitioned from the oil drain chamber 23, lubricating oil does not flow into the sensor chamber 30, and the toothed disk 16 does not immerse in the lubricating oil. . Therefore, the lubricating oil is not agitated at the teeth of the toothed disk 16, and a large-diameter disk can be used as the toothed disk. It can be prevented from leaking out.
[0039]
FIG. 7 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention. The bearing 9 communicates with the bearing 9 via a minute gap 32 between the bearing 9 of the housing 7 of the non-drive-side bearing and the inside of the machine. An annular oil return chamber 33 centered on the rotor shaft 10 is formed, and a lower portion of the oil return chamber 33 is connected to a lubricating oil storage 23 a of the oil discharge chamber 23 via an oil return hole 34. The oil level in the lubricating oil reservoir 23a is set such that the lubricating oil reaches halfway through the oil return hole 34. Thus, the oil flowing from the minute gap 32 into the oil return chamber 33 is returned to the lubricating oil reservoir 23a of the oil discharge chamber 23 via the oil return hole 34.
[0040]
By the way, the lubricating oil supplied to the bearing 9 is agitated by the high speed rotation of the rotor shaft and becomes a mist, and the mist oil easily leaks from the labyrinth portion 35 into the machine. In particular, since the rotational speed of the vehicle motor is high, a large negative pressure is generated on the inner peripheral side near the bearing in the machine, so that mist oil generated in the bearing easily leaks into the machine.
However, in the present embodiment, since the lubricating oil is filled halfway through the oil return hole 34, the mist oil generated in the bearing 9 flows backward from the oil discharge chamber 23 through the oil return hole 34. The entry into the oil return chamber 33 is prevented, and the entry of the atomized oil into the oil return chamber 33 is limited to that from the disc-shaped minute gap 32. Mist oil leaking into the cabin is minimized.
[0041]
FIG. 8 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which a lubricating oil storage portion 11a of an oil supply chamber 11 and a lubricating oil storage portion 23a of an oil discharge chamber 23 are provided outside a frame 2. The bottom of the communication chamber 36 is formed with a slope inclined downward toward the center thereof, and an oil drain port is provided at the lowest position of the slope. An oil drain plug 37 is attached to the oil drain port.
[0042]
Thus, in this embodiment, the amount of lubricating oil that can be held by the communication chamber 36 can be further increased. Therefore, the supply cycle due to oil consumption can be further extended, and the oil replacement cycle due to oil deterioration can be further extended. Further, in the oil draining operation at the time of oil replacement, all the oil can be extracted by removing the oil drain plug 37 at one place, and the workability can be improved.
[0043]
FIG. 9 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, in which an oil supply hole 15 provided above the bearing 9 on the non-drive side and an upper space portion of the oil discharge chamber 23 are provided with air holes 38. Is communicated by Further, the oil supply pipe 14 and the oil supply hole 15 for supplying the lubricating oil to the bearing 9 are large in diameter, so that a space is created even when the oil to be supplied flows, and the space of the oil discharge chamber 23 is The space of the fueling chamber 11 is communicated.
[0044]
Since the spaces of the oil supply chamber 11 and the oil discharge chamber 23 are always communicated with each other by the air holes 38, the pressure in both chambers is kept the same, and the height of the oil level in both chambers is always kept the same. Can be.
[0045]
Even when there is no air hole 38, the oil supply chamber space and the oil discharge chamber space communicate with each other through the internal space of the machine, the internal space of the bearing, and the minute gap of the labyrinth portion. The pressure in both chambers is difficult to equalize because of the change, so when the amount of oil supplied to the non-drive side bearing is large, only the oil level in the oil discharge chamber rises and oil leakage due to increased oil agitation is likely to occur. Sometimes it becomes.
[0046]
However, in the present embodiment, since the air hole 38 is provided, only the oil level on the oil discharge chamber side is reliably prevented from rising. Instead of the air hole 38, an air communication pipe 39 may be provided outside the machine, and the space between the oil supply chamber and the oil discharge chamber may be communicated by the air communication pipe 39.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a lubricating oil reservoir is formed at a lower portion of an oil supply chamber or a drainage chamber provided adjacent to each outer surface of a bearing provided at both sides of an electric motor. Since the oil reservoir is communicated with the communication path provided outside the machine, the amount of the lubricating oil can be increased, and the lubricating oil replenishment cycle and the replacement cycle due to oil deterioration can be extended. In addition, the diameter of the oiling disk provided in the oiling chamber can be reduced, the oiling characteristics can be improved, stable oiling can be performed, oiling in a high rotation range can be performed, and the present invention can also be applied to motors for limited express trains.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a bearing lubrication device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view of a fuel supply chamber in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view of the oil discharge chamber portion of FIG. 1;
4 (a) and 4 (b) are a partial view and a partial sectional view showing another example of a refueling disk.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the operation status of a vehicle.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an oil drainage chamber showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of an oil drainage chamber, showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional bearing lubrication device.
FIG. 11 is a side view of a conventional bearing lubrication device.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing lubrication characteristics of a bearing lubrication device.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Frame 6 Bracket 7 Housing 8, 9 Bearing 10 Rotor shaft 11, 21 Lubricating chamber 11a, 23a Lubricating oil reservoir 12, 22, 26 Lubricating disk 13 Oil receiver 15 Lubrication hole 23 Drainage chamber 24 Communication pipe 27 Annular groove 30 Sensor chamber 33 Oil return chamber 34 Oil return hole 36 Communication chamber 37 Oil drain plug 38 Air hole

Claims (3)

An oil supply chamber or an oil discharge chamber, which is adjacent to each outer side of the bearings provided on both sides of the electric motor and communicates with the corresponding bearing, and in which a lubricating oil reservoir is formed below each, is provided. The lubricating oil reservoir formed in the oil chamber and the oil drainage chamber communicates with a communication passage provided outside the machine, and a part of the outer periphery of the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil reservoir below the rotor shaft in the oil supply chamber. A lubrication disk is mounted so as to be immersed, and the toothed disk for speed detection mounted on the rotor shaft in the oil discharge chamber is arranged such that the lower end of the outer periphery does not contact the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil storage section of the oil discharge chamber. the size Satoshi, characterized by being adapted to supply to the bearing for communicating lubricating oil pumped up by rotating the oil discharge chamber through the oil supply pipe of the oil supply disc, bearing oil supply device for a vehicle motor. A sensor chamber accommodating a toothed disk for speed detection attached to the rotor shaft is formed in the oil drainage chamber, and the oil level in the lubricating oil reservoir of the oil drainage chamber is adjusted to the height of the toothed disk. characterized in that set to be higher than the outer peripheral lower end position, the bearing lubrication system of the motor vehicle of claim 1 Symbol placement. The bearing oil supply device for a vehicle electric motor according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the oil supply chamber and the upper space of the oil discharge chamber communicate with each other through a communication passage.

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