JP3592976B2 - Bleeding device and absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an extraction device that extracts air inside an absorber of an absorption refrigerator to separate and recover refrigerant gas and non-condensable gas, and an absorption refrigerator including such an extraction device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, absorption chillers that perform refrigeration by a so-called absorption cycle using water as a refrigerant and a lithium bromide solution as an absorption solution have been widely used as air-conditioning chillers, cold / hot water heaters, and the like. This type of absorption refrigerator includes an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator (a high-pressure regenerator and a low-pressure regenerator), a condenser, and the like. The low-temperature refrigerant liquid condensed in the condenser is vaporized in the evaporator. By doing so, the refrigerating action is performed. The refrigerant gas (vapor) vaporized by the evaporator is absorbed by the absorbing solution in the absorber, and the absorbing solution is supplied to the regenerator by the solution pump. The absorbing solution that has absorbed the refrigerant gas is heated by the regenerator, whereby high-pressure refrigerant gas is generated and the refrigerant gas is supplied to the condenser. The high-pressure refrigerant gas is condensed by the condenser into a low-temperature refrigerant liquid and sent to the evaporator. In addition, the concentrated absorbing solution separated from the refrigerant in the regenerator is returned into the absorber.
[0003]
In this case, it is necessary to maintain the inside of the absorption refrigerator at a high vacuum, but during operation of the absorption refrigerator, gas such as air may be mixed into the absorber or hydrogen may be generated inside the absorber. It cannot be avoided. Gases other than the refrigerant gas such as air and hydrogen (hereinafter, referred to as “non-condensable gas”) hinder the absorption of the refrigerant gas by the absorbing solution, and cause a reduction in the refrigeration capacity of the absorption refrigerator. It is. Therefore, in order to improve the refrigeration capacity of the absorption chiller, it is necessary to efficiently remove non-condensable gas present inside the absorber. An extraction device is provided. As one example of the bleed device, a so-called ejector-type bleed device, such as that disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-19670, is known.
[0004]
This type of ejector-type air extraction device includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder disposed in the outer cylinder. An ejector unit communicating with the inside of the absorber is provided in the middle of the inner cylinder, and an absorbing solution as a driving fluid is supplied to the ejector unit by a solution pump or the like. Thereby, the refrigerant gas and the non-condensable gas inside the absorber are sucked into the ejector unit, and the air bubbles of the sucked refrigerant gas and the non-condensable gas are entrained in the absorbing solution. The gas-liquid two-phase flow that has flowed down the inner cylinder and flowed into the outer cylinder separates into gas and liquid as the flow velocity decreases, and the non-condensable gas flows to the upper layer inside the outer cylinder, and the absorbing solution that has absorbed the refrigerant gas contains the outer cylinder. Each will be stored in the lower layer inside. The non-condensable gas stored in the outer cylinder is appropriately discharged by a vacuum pump or the like.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described conventional air extraction device (absorption refrigerator) has the following problems. That is, since the inside of the absorber to be bled is maintained at an extremely high degree of vacuum (for example, about 5 to 7 mmHg), the ejector-type bleeding apparatus can sufficiently bleed the inside of the absorber. It was difficult. For this reason, absorption of the refrigerant gas in the absorber is hindered, and the refrigeration capacity of the absorption refrigerator is reduced accordingly. On the other hand, in such an ejector type extraction device, if the non-condensable gas and the refrigerant gas to be suctioned are cooled between the absorber and the extraction device, the extraction performance can be improved. The cost of the absorption refrigerator increases due to the provision of a heat exchanger or the like for cooling the water.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention has a simple configuration, can be configured at low cost, and has a high bleeding performance, and can satisfactorily bleed the interior of the absorber, exhibiting high refrigeration capacity. It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorption refrigerator capable of reducing costs and reducing costs.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The bleeding device according to the first aspect of the present invention is a bleeding device that bleeds the inside of the absorber of the absorption refrigerator and separates and recovers the refrigerant gas and the non-condensable gas, and communicates with the inside of the absorber. A bleeding chamber into which the absorbing solution for absorbing the refrigerant gas is introduced, a mouth portion arranged so that the absorbing solution in the bleeding chamber flows from the surroundings, a nozzle for jetting the absorbing solution toward the mouth portion, and a mouth portion A separation chamber that communicates with the bleeding chamber through the bleeding chamber, separates the non-condensable gas from the absorbing solution that has absorbed the refrigerant gas, and stores the absorbing solution and the non-condensable gas; And turbulence forming means for forming turbulence at a gas-liquid interface with a surrounding gas.
[0008]
This bleeding device bleeds the inside of the absorber by a so-called plunging jet effect (the effect of a collision jet). That is, the absorbing solution is introduced into the bleeding chamber communicating with the inside of the absorber, for example, so as to flow down the inner wall thereof. In addition, in the bleed chamber, for example, a mouth portion formed in a bell mouth shape is arranged, and the absorbing solution in the bleed chamber flows into the mouth portion from the surroundings and overflows around the mouth portion. . Further, the absorbing solution is jetted from the nozzle toward the mouth so as to collide with the absorbing solution overflowing from the mouth.
[0009]
As a result, an air pocket is formed at the collision portion between the absorbing solution injected from the nozzle and the absorbing solution overflowing at the mouth portion, and bubbles (non-condensable gas and refrigerant gas) are absorbed by the air pocket by a so-called plunging jet effect. Entangled in solution. As a result, in conjunction with the absorption of the refrigerant gas by the absorbing solution, the pressure in the bleed chamber is reduced, and the non-condensable gas and the refrigerant gas inside the absorber are efficiently sucked into the bleed chamber. The absorbing solution containing bubbles of the non-condensable gas and the refrigerant gas flows into the separation chamber through the mouthpiece, and the absorbing solution absorbing the refrigerant gas and the separated non-condensable gas are stored in the separation chamber. Is done.
[0010]
Here, heretofore, it has been considered that it is preferable to jet the absorbing solution from the nozzle to the mouth portion as a jet stream without turbulence to some extent, with respect to the blanching jet type bleeding device. On the other hand, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the plunging jet type bleeding device, and found that the gas-liquid interface between the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth and the surrounding gas (non-condensable gas and refrigerant gas). It has been found that the formation of turbulence dramatically improves the bleeding performance of the bleeding device. In other words, by disturbing only the gas-liquid interface without disturbing the core of the jet flowing out of the nozzle, the amount of bubbles trapped in the mouthpiece can be dramatically increased. Based on this, the bleeding device is provided with a turbulent flow forming means. As described below, the turbulence forming means can be configured very simply, and as a result, a bleed device having high bleed performance can be configured at low cost.
[0011]
In this case, it is preferable that the turbulent flow forming means includes a projection projecting inward from an edge of the opening of the nozzle.
[0012]
In such a configuration, when the absorbing solution supplied to the nozzle is ejected from the opening (throttle opening), the absorbing solution is contracted and comes into contact with the projection, so that the size of the device and the absorption solution By appropriately setting the amount of protrusion of the protrusion in accordance with the supply amount or the like, it is possible to disturb only the gas-liquid interface very easily without disturbing the core of the jet. In addition, such a nozzle can be simply configured, and the amount of protrusion of the protrusion can be set with high accuracy. In this case, it is preferable to form a plurality of protrusions on the edge of the opening.
[0013]
Further, it is preferable that a plurality of projections are provided, and the edge of the opening is formed in an arc shape bulging outward between the projections.
[0014]
Under such a configuration, the absorbing solution comes into contact with the projections when it flows through the opening of the nozzle and is contracted, but the absorbing solution that passes near the arc-shaped edge portion is directed outward. The jet diffuses outward with the velocity vector, and the cross-sectional area of the jet becomes slightly wider as approaching the spout. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the jet includes an indented portion. For example, if four protrusions are provided for the opening and the edge between the protrusions is formed in an arc shape, the cross-sectional shape of the jet flowing out of the nozzle becomes substantially cross-shaped, As a result, four depressions are formed. The depression formed in this way functions as an air pocket for trapping air bubbles when colliding with the overflowing absorbing solution at the mouthpiece. Therefore, if such a configuration is employed, the area in which bubbles are trapped is further enlarged, and the amount of trapped bubbles in the mouthpiece can be further increased.
[0015]
Preferably, the turbulence forming means comprises a projection arranged so as to be in contact with the gas-liquid interface between the jet flowing out of the nozzle opening and the surrounding refrigerant gas.
[0016]
Even if such a configuration is adopted, it is possible to easily disturb only the gas-liquid interface between the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth and the surrounding gas without disturbing the core of the jet, and the air is caught in the mouth The amount of bubbles can be effectively increased. Also in this case, it is preferable to provide a plurality of protrusions for the nozzle.
[0017]
On the other hand, the turbulence forming means may change the cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth portion with time.
[0018]
As described above, if the cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth portion is temporally changed by the turbulence forming means, a plurality of depressions (turbulence) are formed on the outer periphery of the jet flow from the nozzle toward the mouth portion. Will be formed. The depression formed in this way functions as an air pocket for trapping air bubbles when colliding with the overflowing absorbent solution at the mouthpiece. Therefore, even if such a configuration is adopted, it is possible to effectively increase the amount of air bubbles to be caught in the mouthpiece.
[0019]
In this case, for example, it is preferable to extend a cylindrical body having an inner diameter larger than the opening of the nozzle or to increase the inner diameter of the opening of the nozzle in a tapered shape. Thereby, if the overall length of the cylinder or the thickness of the opening is appropriately set, the opening of the nozzle, or the absorbing solution that has been contracted at the upstream end of the opening is near the exit end of the cylinder, or At the downstream end of the opening, the adhesion and the separation are repeated in a short cycle, so that the cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth can be changed very easily with time.
[0020]
Claim 9 In the absorption refrigerator according to the present invention described in the above, in the absorption refrigerator in which the refrigerant gas generated in the evaporator is absorbed into the absorption solution by the absorber, the inside of the absorber is bled to separate the refrigerant gas and the non-condensable gas.・ It has a bleeding device for recovery, and this bleeding device communicates with the inside of the absorber, and is arranged so that the absorbing solution for absorbing the refrigerant gas is introduced and the absorbing solution in the bleeding chamber flows from the surroundings. And a nozzle for injecting the absorbing solution toward the mouth portion, and communicating with the bleeding chamber through the mouth portion to separate the non-condensable gas from the absorbing solution that has absorbed the refrigerant gas, It is characterized by comprising a separation chamber for storing the absorbing solution and the non-condensable gas, and turbulence forming means for forming turbulence at a gas-liquid interface between a jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth portion and surrounding gas.
[0021]
The extraction device included in this absorption refrigerator has a simple configuration, can be configured at low cost, and has high extraction performance. Therefore, since the inside of the absorber can be efficiently bleed and the non-condensable gas which hinders the absorption of the refrigerant gas can be removed satisfactorily, it is possible to improve the refrigerating capacity of the absorption refrigerator while suppressing the overall cost increase. Can be.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an air extraction device and an absorption refrigerator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0023]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an absorption refrigerator according to the present invention. The absorption refrigerator 1 shown in FIG. 1 is widely applicable as an air-conditioning refrigerator, a chiller / heater, or the like. The absorption refrigeration is performed by an absorption cycle using water as a refrigerant R and a lithium bromide solution or the like as an absorption solution Y. Perform the action. That is, the absorption refrigerator 1 includes the evaporator 10, the absorber 20, the high-pressure regenerator 30, the low-pressure regenerator 40, and the condenser 50 that constitute the absorption cycle. The refrigerant liquid (water) RL is vaporized in the evaporator 10 to perform a refrigeration operation.
[0024]
The evaporator 10 and the absorber 20 are arranged in the same shell (high vacuum vessel) 2. A heat transfer tube 11 is disposed in the evaporator 10, and the heat transfer tube 11 is supplied with cold water W1 through a cold water inlet line L1. Further, the evaporator 10 is provided with a refrigerant pump P1. The refrigerant pump RL pumps the refrigerant liquid RL from the inside of the evaporator 10, and the pumped refrigerant liquid RL passes through the refrigerant line L11. Is sprayed toward the heat transfer tubes 11. The sprayed refrigerant liquid RL takes vaporization latent heat from the cold water W1 flowing through the heat transfer tube 11 to be vaporized, and flows into the absorber 20 as refrigerant gas (water vapor) RG.
[0025]
The cold water W1 flowing through the heat transfer tube 11 is discharged to the outside via the cold water outlet line L2. The cold water W1 flows into the heat transfer tube 11 at a temperature of, for example, 12 ° C., is cooled, and then is discharged at a temperature of, for example, 7 ° C. through a cold water outlet line L2. The cold water W1 flowing out of the evaporator 10 is used for cooling a building or a process in a factory. The cold water W1 used for cooling or the like rises in temperature to, for example, 12 ° C., and is introduced into the evaporator 10 again. Is done.
[0026]
Similarly, a heat transfer tube 21 is also arranged inside the absorber 20. Cooling water W2 is supplied to the heat transfer tube 21 via a cooling water line L3. Further, a first solution pump P2 is provided for the absorber 20, and an absorption solution (lithium bromide solution) Y is pumped from the inside of the absorber 20 by the first solution pump P2. The pumped-up absorption solution Y is sprayed toward the heat transfer tube 21 via the solution line L21. Since the absorbing solution Y sprayed on the heat transfer tube 21 absorbs the refrigerant gas RG flowing into the absorber 20, its concentration decreases, and the diluted absorbing solution Y having the reduced concentration Collected at the bottom. The heat generated in the absorber 20 is recovered by the cooling water W2 flowing in the heat transfer tube 21.
[0027]
The absorption solution Y collected at the bottom of the absorber 20 is pumped by the first solution pump P2, and is regenerated at high pressure through the valve, the low-temperature heat exchanger 3, the solution line L22, the high-temperature heat exchanger 4, and the solution line L23. Is supplied to the vessel 30. The high-pressure regenerator 30 is equipped with a furnace tube, a body housing a heat transfer tube, and a heating burner. The high-pressure regenerator 30 is supplied with fuel gas G from a fuel gas supply device (not shown), and the fuel gas G is burned in a furnace tube. As a result, the absorption solution Y supplied to the high-pressure regenerator 30 is heated by the heating burner, and a part of the absorbed refrigerant R is vaporized, so that the concentration of the absorption solution Y increases to a medium level.
[0028]
The absorption solution Y heated by the high-pressure regenerator 30 and having an increased concentration is supplied to the low-pressure regenerator 40 via the solution line L24 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 4. A heat transfer tube 41 is disposed in the low-pressure regenerator 40, and the refrigerant gas RG vaporized by the high-pressure regenerator 30 is supplied to the heat transfer tube 41 via a refrigerant line L <b> 12. From the solution line L22, a solution line L25 is branched on the downstream side of the high-temperature heat exchanger 4, and the dilute absorbing solution Y is sprayed toward the heat transfer tube 41 via the solution line L25. Inside the low-pressure regenerator 40, the absorption solution Y introduced from the high-pressure regenerator 30 and the solution line L25 is heated via the heat transfer tube 41, so that a part of the refrigerant R evaporates and the concentration of the absorption solution Y increases. Is even higher. The absorption solution Y having a high concentration is collected at the bottom of the low-pressure regenerator 40, and is again pumped to the absorber 20 by the second solution pump P3.
[0029]
The condenser 50 is arranged in the same shell 5 as the low-pressure regenerator 40, and a heat transfer tube 51 to which cooling water W2 is supplied via a cooling water line L4 is arranged inside. Then, the refrigerant gas RG that has been pressurized by flowing through the heat transfer tube 41 of the low-pressure regenerator 40 is supplied into the condenser 50 via the refrigerant line L13. As a result, the refrigerant gas RG flowing into the condenser 50 is cooled and condensed via the heat transfer tube 51 to become a low-temperature refrigerant liquid (water) RL. This refrigerant liquid RL flows into the evaporator 10 via the refrigerant line L14 due to a pressure difference and a gravity difference between the inside of the condenser 50 and the inside of the evaporator 10. As described above, the refrigerant liquid RL collected at the bottom of the evaporator 10 is sprayed toward the heat transfer tube 11 via the refrigerant line L11 by the refrigerant pump P1.
[0030]
The inside of the absorption refrigerator 1 (inside of the shells 2 and 5) configured as described above needs to be maintained at a high vacuum, but during operation of the absorption refrigerator 1, air or the like is formed inside the absorber 20. Gas cannot be mixed, and generation of hydrogen inside the absorber 20 cannot be avoided. Such non-condensable gas NC such as air and hydrogen other than the refrigerant gas RG hinders the absorption of the refrigerant gas by the absorbing solution Y, and causes a reduction in the refrigerating capacity of the absorption refrigerator 1. Based on this, the absorption refrigerator 1 is provided with a bleed device 70 for bleeding the inside of the absorber 20. Hereinafter, the bleeding device 70 will be described in detail.
[0031]
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the bleeding device 70. As shown in the figure, the bleeding device 70 includes a processing tank 71 configured as a cylindrical body (cylindrical body) having an upper end and a lower end closed. A partition plate 72 is fixed inside the processing tank 71, and the partition plate 72 allows the inside of the processing tank 71 to be connected to an extraction chamber 73 (upper quarter area) located at the upper side in the figure. , And a lower separation chamber 74. A gas inlet 75 communicating with the inside of the bleeding chamber 73 is connected to the processing tank 71, and the gas inlet 75 communicates with the inside of the absorber 20 via a pipe L26 as shown in FIG. I have.
[0032]
A solution receiving plate 77 is fixed in the bleed chamber 73 of the processing tank 71. As shown in FIG. 3, the solution receiving plate 77 has a disk shape, and a plurality of notches 77a are formed on the outer periphery thereof at predetermined angular intervals (in this case, eight at 45 ° intervals). ing. Further, a solution supply pipe 76 connected to a solution line L28 further branched from a solution line L27 branched from between the first solution pump P2 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 3 is connected to an upper portion of the processing tank 71. . The solution supply pipe 76 reaches the inside of the bleed chamber 73 through the upper lid of the processing tank 71 and the solution receiving plate 77. A plurality of holes 76a are formed in the solution supply tube 76 so as to be located near the upper side of the solution receiving plate 77, and a nozzle 78 is mounted at the tip thereof.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle 78 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and a throttle opening 78a having a smaller area than the internal cross section of the solution supply pipe 76 is formed at the bottom center. As shown in FIG. 5, the aperture opening 78a has a petal shape in which a plurality of (in this case, four) circular holes are overlapped. Therefore, the edge of the aperture opening 78a includes a plurality (four in this case) of protruding portions 78b protruding inward located at portions where the arcs overlap each other. Then, an edge 78c of the aperture opening 78a between the projections 78b is formed in an arc shape bulging outward. Such a nozzle 78 can be simply configured and has an inner diameter r of a circular hole. ₁ The protrusion amount r of the protrusion 78b ₂ (See FIG. 5) can be set with high accuracy. The inner diameter r of the circular hole ₁ The protrusion amount r of the protrusion 78b ₂ Can be arbitrarily determined according to the device size, the supply amount of the absorbing solution Y, and the like.
[0034]
A downcomer 79 extending from the center of the partition plate 72 to the lower part of the separation chamber 74 is provided. A drinking member 80 shown in FIG. As a result, the bleeding chamber 73 communicates with the separation chamber 74 via the mouthpiece member 80 and the downcomer pipe 79. The mouth member 80 has a mouth portion 81 formed in the shape of a bell mouth that opens at an opening angle α, and the mouth portion 81 faces a nozzle 78 located above in the figure at a predetermined distance 1 (FIG. 2). reference). The mouthpiece member 80 is arranged with the mouthpiece 81 projecting from the upper surface of the partition plate 72 so that the absorbing solution Y in the bleed chamber 73 flows from the surroundings.
[0035]
On the other hand, in the separation chamber 74, as shown in FIG. 2, a gas-liquid separation member 82 is disposed at a position separated from the lower end of the downcomer 79 by a predetermined distance. An exhaust pipe 83 communicating with the upper part of the separation chamber 74 is connected to the processing tank 71. Further, a solution discharge pipe 84 is connected to a lower portion of the processing tank 71, and the solution discharge pipe 84 communicates with the inside of the absorber 20. The distance l between the nozzle 78 and the mouth part 81, the inner diameter of the downcomer 79, and the like can be arbitrarily determined according to the size of the apparatus, the supply amount of the absorbing solution Y, and the like. The shape of the mouth part 81, the opening angle α, the inner diameter d, and the like are such that the rising speed of the bubbles in the mouth part 81 is higher than the flow rate of the absorbing solution Y in the mouth part 81 (the flow rate of the absorbing solution Y flowing down the downcomer 79). It is determined to be smaller.
[0036]
In addition, an ejector 85 is connected to the processing tank 71 via a pipe 86 communicating with the separation chamber 74. The nozzle of the ejector 85 is connected to a solution line L29 further branched from a solution line L27 branched from between the first solution pump P2 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 3 (see FIG. 1). The gas inlet 87 of the ejector 85 communicates with the inside of the condenser 50 via a pipe.
[0037]
Next, the operation of the above-described bleeding device 70 will be described.
[0038]
During the operation of the absorption refrigerator 1, the absorption solution Y in a slightly supercooled state pumped out of the interior of the absorber 20 by the first refrigerant pump P1 flows into the solution supply pipe 76 via the pipes L27 and L28. A part of the absorbing solution Y flowing into the solution supply pipe 76 flows out of the hole 76a, flows on the solution receiving plate 77 toward the inner wall of the bleeding chamber 73, and is formed on the outer periphery of the solution receiving plate 77. It flows down from the notch 77a. The absorption solution Y flows down along the inner wall of the bleeding chamber 73 and absorbs the refrigerant gas RG present in the bleeding chamber 73 during that time.
[0039]
When the absorbing solution Y that has absorbed the refrigerant gas RG reaches the partition plate 72, it flows into the mouth part 81 from the surroundings and overflows around the mouth part 81. In order to make the absorption solution Y flow down along the inner wall of the bleeding chamber 73 uniformly, it is preferable to appropriately provide a baffle plate between the solution receiving plate 77 and the mouthpiece 81. Further, the liquid level of the absorbing solution Y in the bleeding chamber 73 is adjusted by the overflow pipe 88 communicating the bleeding chamber 73 and the separation chamber 74 so that the absorbing solution Y always overflows from the mouth 81. 2).
[0040]
On the other hand, the absorbing solution Y that has not flowed out from the hole 76 a of the solution supply pipe 76 is jetted from the nozzle 78 toward the mouth 81 so as to collide with the absorbing solution overflowing from the mouth 81. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 7, an air pocket ap is formed at a collision portion between the absorbing solution Y ejected from the nozzle 78 and the absorbing solution Y overflowing at the mouthpiece portion 81, and by a so-called plunging jet effect, Bubbles (non-condensable gas NC and refrigerant gas RG) are entrained in the absorbing solution Y in the air pocket ap. As a result, together with the fact that the refrigerant gas RG is absorbed by the absorbing solution Y in the bleeding chamber 73, the pressure in the bleeding chamber 73 decreases, and the non-condensation inside the absorber 20 through the gas inlet 75. The gas NC and the refrigerant gas RG are efficiently sucked into the extraction chamber 73.
[0041]
As described above, the bleeding device 70 is for bleeding the inside of the absorber 20 by the so-called plunging jet effect (the effect of the impinging jet). On the other hand, it has been considered that it is preferable to jet the absorbing solution from the nozzle as a turbulent jet to some extent quietly. On the other hand, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the plunging jet type bleeding device, and found that the gas-liquid interface between the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth and the surrounding gas (non-condensable gas and refrigerant gas). It has been found that the formation of turbulence dramatically improves the bleeding performance of the bleeding device.
[0042]
Based on this, the nozzle 78 of the bleeding device 70 is provided with a projection 78b functioning as a turbulent flow forming means at the edge of the throttle opening 78a. That is, when the absorbing solution Y supplied from the solution supply pipe 76 to the nozzle 78 is jetted from the throttle opening 78a, the absorbing solution Y is contracted and comes into contact with each projection 78b. Therefore, there is no turbulence in the core of the jet of the absorbing solution Y ejected from the throttle opening 78a, and the jet flowing from the nozzle 78 to the drinking port 81 and the surrounding gas (non-condensable gas NC and refrigerant gas RG) Is disturbed only at the gas-liquid interface. As a result, the amount of air bubbles that are trapped in the mouth part 81 by the plunging jet action increases dramatically.
[0043]
In the nozzle 78 of the air extraction device 70, the edge 78c of the throttle opening 78a between the projections 78b is formed in an arc shape bulging outward. Therefore, the absorbing solution Y comes into contact with each of the protrusions 78b when it passes through the throttle opening 78a of the nozzle 78 and is reduced in flow, but the absorbing solution Y passing near the arc-shaped edge 78c is directed outward. , And the cross-sectional area of the jet from the nozzle 78 slightly increases as approaching the spout.
[0044]
That is, in the case of the nozzle 78, four projections 78b are provided for the aperture opening 78a, and an edge 78c between the projections 78b is formed in an arc shape. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the jet flowing out of the nozzle 78 is substantially cross-shaped, and four depressions (turbulence) are formed when viewed from the cross-section. The depression formed in this way functions as an air pocket for trapping air bubbles when colliding with the overflowing absorbing solution Y at the mouthpiece 81. Thus, if such a nozzle 78 is employed, the area in which bubbles are trapped is further increased, and the amount of trapped bubbles in the mouth part 81 can be further increased.
[0045]
In this way, the absorbing solution Y in which the bubbles of the non-condensable gas NC and the refrigerant gas are engulfed in the mouth part 81 flows down the downcomer pipe 79 and collides with the gas-liquid separating member 82. As a result, the absorbing solution Y that has absorbed the refrigerant gas and the non-condensable gas NC are separated, and the absorbing solution Y is stored in the lower part of the separation chamber 74, and the non-condensable gas NC is stored in the upper part of the separation chamber 74. . The non-condensable gas NC in the separation chamber 74 is exhausted by a vacuum pump via an exhaust pipe 83, and the absorption solution Y in the separation chamber 74 is returned into the absorber 20 via a solution exhaust pipe 84.
[0046]
Further, during the operation of the absorption refrigerator 1, the absorption solution Y pumped from the inside of the absorber 20 by the first refrigerant pump P1 is supplied to the ejector 85 via the pipes L27 and L29. Therefore, the ejector 85 sucks the non-condensable gas NC and the like inside the condenser 50 from the gas inlet 87 using the absorbing solution Y as a driving fluid. The non-condensable gas NC sucked by the ejector 85 is entrained in the absorbing solution Y flowing down from the nozzle portion, and is separated into gas and liquid in the separation chamber 74 of the processing tank 71. Since the internal pressure of the condenser 50 is relatively high, the non-condensable gas inside the condenser 50 can be satisfactorily extracted by such an ejector 85.
[0047]
As described above, the bleeding device 70 has high bleeding performance and can be configured very simply, so that it can be configured at low cost. Therefore, in the absorption chiller 1, the inside of the absorber 20 is efficiently extracted and the non-condensable gas NC which hinders the absorption of the refrigerant gas RG can be satisfactorily removed. Can be improved.
[0048]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, as the turbulent flow forming means, a protrusion may be arranged so as to be in contact with the gas-liquid interface between the jet flowing out from the opening of the nozzle and the surrounding refrigerant gas. The nozzle 78A shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 has a plurality of rods 89 made of metal or the like bent in a substantially U-shape (substantially U-shape) at a predetermined angular interval around the outer periphery of the solution supply pipe 76 (in this case, 90 ° intervals). 4) is attached. As shown in FIG. 8, the tip portion 89a of the bar 89 projects a predetermined length e from the edge of the opening 76b of the solution supply pipe 76, and functions as a projection that comes into contact with the gas-liquid interface.
[0049]
Even if such a configuration is adopted, it is possible to easily disturb only the gas-liquid interface between the jet flowing from the nozzle 78A toward the mouth portion 81 and the surrounding gas without disturbing the core of the jet from the nozzle 78A. In addition, the amount of air bubbles that are caught in the mouth part 81 can be effectively increased. The amount of protrusion e by which the tip portion 89a (projection) of the bar projects from the edge of the opening 76b can be arbitrarily determined according to the device size, the supply amount of the absorbing solution Y, and the like.
[0050]
FIG. 10 is a table showing experimental results comparing the extraction performance of the extraction device 70 according to the present invention and the conventional extraction device. In this experiment, r in FIG. ₁ , R ₂ = 2 mm, the nozzle 78A with the protrusion amount e = 1 mm in Fig. 8, and the nozzle 78A with e = 2 mm were used to compare the extraction speed with the conventional plunging jet type extraction device. As can be seen from the results shown in FIG. 10, it can be said that the bleeding device 70 using the nozzle 78 has a high bleeding speed and can exhibit extremely good bleeding performance in practical use. In addition, it can be said that the bleeding device 70 using the nozzle 78A also has a higher bleeding speed than the conventional bleeding device and can exhibit practically good bleeding performance.
[0051]
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the bleeding device according to the present invention. A cylindrical body 90 having an inner diameter larger than the throttle opening 78a is extended from the nozzle 78B of the air extraction device 70A shown in FIG. In this case, the throttle opening 78a and the cylindrical body 90 function as turbulent flow forming means for temporally changing the cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from the nozzle 78B toward the mouthpiece 81. In other words, the absorbing solution Y in the nozzle 78B becomes a contracted flow at the upstream end of the throttle opening 78a and flows into the cylinder 90, and repeats adhesion and peeling near the outlet end of the cylinder 90 in a short cycle. .
[0052]
As described above, if the cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from the nozzle 78B toward the mouth portion 81 is temporally changed by the throttle opening 78a as the turbulent flow forming means and the cylindrical body 90, the nozzle 78B A plurality of depressions (turbulence) P are formed toward the mouthpiece 81 from the opening. The depression P formed in this way functions as an air pocket ap in which bubbles of the non-condensable gas NC and the refrigerant gas RG are wrapped up when colliding with the overflowing absorbing solution Y at the mouthpiece 81.
[0053]
Therefore, even if such a configuration is adopted, it is possible to effectively increase the amount of air bubbles to be caught in the mouth part 81. In order to cause the absorbing solution Y to repeatedly adhere and separate near the outlet end of the cylindrical body 90 in a short cycle, the distance h between the upstream end of the throttle opening 78a and the outlet end of the cylindrical body 90 is set. , The inner diameter of the aperture opening 78a is d ₁ H = d ₁ ~ 2d ₁ It is preferable to satisfy the following relationship.
[0054]
In order to change the cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth portion 81 with time, as shown in a nozzle 78C shown in FIG. You may. In this case, the absorbing solution Y that has been contracted at the upstream end of the throttle opening 78a repeatedly adheres and separates in a short cycle at the downstream end of the throttle opening 78a. Even if such a configuration is adopted, the cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from the nozzle 78C toward the mouthpiece 81 can be extremely easily changed with time.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
Since the air extraction device according to the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects are obtained. That is, by providing a turbulent flow forming means for forming a turbulent flow at the gas-liquid interface between the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth portion and the surrounding gas in the bleeding chamber, it is possible to have a simple configuration at a low cost, In addition, it is possible to realize an extraction device having high extraction performance. In addition, if such an extraction device is provided in the absorption refrigerator, it is possible to satisfactorily extract the inside of the absorber and improve the refrigeration capacity, and it is possible to reduce the cost of the absorption refrigerator. Become.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an absorption refrigerator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a bleeding device provided in the absorption refrigerator shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a nozzle provided in the bleeding device shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the nozzle shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a mouthpiece member provided in the bleeding device shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining a bleeding mechanism in the bleeding device shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a side view for explaining a modified example of the nozzle shown in FIGS. 4 and 5;
9 is a bottom view of the nozzle shown in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a table for comparing the bleeding performance of the bleeding device according to the present invention and a conventional bleeding device.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the bleeding device according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modified example of the nozzle shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Absorption refrigerator, 10 ... Evaporator, 20 ... Absorber, 30 ... High-pressure regenerator, 40 ... Low-pressure regenerator, 50 ... Condenser, 70, 70A ... Extraction device, 71 ... Processing tank, 72 ... Partition plate, 73 extraction chamber, 74 separation chamber, 75 gas inlet, 76 solution supply pipe, 77 solution receiving plate, 78, 78A, 78B, 78C nozzle, 78a throttle opening, 78b projection, 78c Edge, 79: Downcomer, 80: Mouth, 81: Mouth, 82: Gas-liquid separation member, 83: Exhaust, 84: Solution discharge, 85: Ejector, 86: Piping, 87: Gas inlet, 88 ... Overflow pipe, 89 ... Bar, 90 ... Cylinder, NC ... Non-condensable gas, RG ... Refrigerant gas, Y ... Absorption solution.

Claims (13)

In the bleeding device that bleeds the inside of the absorber of the absorption refrigerator and separates and recovers the refrigerant gas and the non-condensable gas,
A bleed chamber that communicates with the inside of the absorber and into which an absorbing solution that absorbs refrigerant gas is introduced,
A mouthpiece arranged so that the absorbing solution in the bleeding chamber flows from the surroundings,
A nozzle for injecting the absorbing solution toward the mouthpiece,
A separation chamber that communicates with the bleeding chamber via the mouthpiece, separates the non-condensable gas from the absorption solution that has absorbed the refrigerant gas, and stores the absorption solution and the non-condensable gas;
A bleeding device, comprising: a turbulent flow forming unit that forms a turbulence at a gas-liquid interface between a jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouthpiece and a surrounding gas. 2. The bleeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the turbulence forming unit includes a protrusion protruding inward from an edge of an opening of the nozzle. 3. The air extraction device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the protrusions are provided, and an edge of the opening is formed in an arc shape bulging outward between the protrusions. 4. 2. The bleeding air according to claim 1, wherein the turbulence forming unit includes a protrusion disposed so as to be in contact with a gas-liquid interface between a jet flowing out of the opening of the nozzle and surrounding refrigerant gas. 3. apparatus. 2. The bleeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the turbulence forming unit changes a cross-sectional area of the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouth portion with time. The bleeding device according to claim 1, wherein the turbulence forming unit forms a recess in a cross-sectional shape of the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouthpiece. The shape of the mouth part is set so that the rising speed of the bubbles of the refrigerant gas and the non-condensable gas in the mouth part is smaller than the flow speed of the absorbing solution flowing down. Bleeding device as described. The air extraction device according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the nozzle has a petal shape in which a plurality of circular holes are overlapped. In an absorption refrigerator that absorbs refrigerant gas generated in an evaporator into an absorption solution in an absorber,
Bleeding the interior of the absorber, having a bleeding device to collect the refrigerant gas and separate the non-condensable gas,
This bleed device
A bleed chamber that communicates with the inside of the absorber and into which an absorbing solution that absorbs refrigerant gas is introduced,
A mouthpiece arranged so that the absorbing solution in the bleeding chamber flows from the surroundings,
A nozzle for injecting the absorbing solution toward the mouthpiece,
A separation chamber that communicates with the bleeding chamber via the mouthpiece, separates the non-condensable gas from the absorption solution that has absorbed the refrigerant gas, and stores the absorption solution and the non-condensable gas;
An absorption refrigerator comprising: a turbulent flow forming unit that forms turbulence at a gas-liquid interface between a jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouthpiece and a surrounding gas. 10. The absorption according to claim 9, wherein the turbulence forming means comprises a projection arranged so as to come into contact with a gas-liquid interface between a jet flowing out of the opening of the nozzle and surrounding refrigerant gas. refrigerator. The absorption chiller according to claim 9, wherein the turbulence forming means forms a depression in a cross-sectional shape of the jet flowing from the nozzle toward the mouthpiece. The shape of the mouth part is set so that the rising speed of the bubbles of the refrigerant gas and the non-condensable gas in the mouth part is smaller than the flow speed of the absorbing solution flowing down. The absorption refrigerator described. The opening of the nozzle has a petal shape in which a plurality of circular holes are overlapped. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 9, wherein:

Images