JP3589611B2 - Load handling equipment - Google Patents

Load handling equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3589611B2
JP3589611B2 JP2000115262A JP2000115262A JP3589611B2 JP 3589611 B2 JP3589611 B2 JP 3589611B2 JP 2000115262 A JP2000115262 A JP 2000115262A JP 2000115262 A JP2000115262 A JP 2000115262A JP 3589611 B2 JP3589611 B2 JP 3589611B2
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Japan
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carriage
luggage
load
clamp
unit
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JP2001301967A (en
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昭三 中島
和男 本田
力也 石田
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Murata Machinery Ltd
Suntory Ltd
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Murata Machinery Ltd
Suntory Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、パレット等に段積みされた荷物を所望層数だけ取出して別のパレット等に段積みする荷処理装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、パレット上に、各層に複数個ずつ多層に段積みされた荷物を、層数の単位で別のパレットに載せ替えることがある。例えば、缶入り飲料の生産工場では、缶入り飲料を収容した段ボール箱を、飲料の種類別にパレットに段積みし、これらのパレットから所望層数ずつ取り出して、出荷先別のパレットに各種取り揃える。
このような層ごとに取出す荷処理装置として、本出願人は、段降し部と段積み部の上方間で往復台を走行させ、段降し部に段積みされている荷物の層間に往復台を進入させて荷物を掬い上げるものを提案した(例えば実公平7−14266号公報)。
掬い上げる層の一つ下の層の荷物は、往復台の進入時の荷崩れ防止や、荷物の逃げに伴う姿勢変更によって掬い上げ不能となることを防止するために、対向する一対のストッパ等のクランプ手段でクランプする。このクランプ手段は、荷物の高さにかかわらずにクランプできるように、往復台の走行経路の直ぐ下の高さ位置に配置されている。また、段積みされた荷物の各層の間は、パレットで搬送する間に荷崩れしないように、何箇所かをホットメルト型接着剤で仮止めしておく。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の一つ下の層の荷物を押えるクランプ手段は、上記のように往復台の走行経路の直ぐ下の高さ位置に配置されているため、荷物の上部を押えることになる。しかし、荷処理装置で取り扱いたい荷物には、口部の小さいビンやペットボトル等が納められているダンボール箱のように、上部に空間が多くて箱の剛性が低いものが多数ある。このような荷物の場合、クランプ手段で上部を押えると、荷物の外面が凹み、確実に把持することができないことがある。
【0004】
この発明の目的は、荷物が上部に空間の多い箱類であっても、掬い上げる一つ下の層の荷物を確実に把持でき、荷崩れ防止および確実な掬い上げが行える荷処理装置を提供することである。
この発明の他の目的は、種々の高さの荷物に対して、確実な荷崩れ防止および掬い上げを可能とすることである。
この発明のさらに他の目的は、荷物を損傷させることなく、確実に把持可能とすることである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明の荷処理装置は、荷物を段積み状態に載せる昇降台装置を有する段降し部と、この段降し部に並設されて荷積台を有する段積み部と、前記段降し部の昇降台装置と段積み部の荷積台の上方間を往復走行可能に設けられ、かつ前記段降し部側への走行に伴って前記段降し部に段積みされている荷物の層間に進入して荷物を掬い上げ可能な往復台とを備え、次の第1のクランプ手段を設けたものである。第1のクランプ手段は、前記段降し部で往復台により掬う高さに持ち上げられた荷物の1段下の層の荷物を、この層の荷物の中央ないし下部の高さ位置で、往復台の進行方向に挟む手段である。
この構成の荷処理装置によると、段降し部の昇降台装置は、段積みされた荷物を往復台で掬い上げ可能な高さ位置に持ち上げる。この高さ位置に持ち上げられた荷物の1段下の層の荷物は、第1のクランプ手段で挟み付けられ、この挟み付け状態で、往復台が進入してその上の荷物を持ち上げる。そのため、往復台の進入時に、進入の抵抗や、荷物の層間を接着した接着剤の剥がしの抵抗等により、往復台の下の荷物が荷崩れを生じることが防止される。このとき、第1のクランプ手段は、荷物の中央ないし下部の高さ位置を挟むため、荷物が、例えばビンやペットボトル等のような口部の小さい容器を収容した段ボール箱であって、上部に空間が広く開いたものであっても、その容器の太くなった中間高さ部や下部に対応する位置で、荷物を第1のクランプ手段で挟むことができる。そのため、荷物が上部に空間の多い箱類であっても、挟み付け力で荷物が凹むことがなく、確実に挟み付けることができて、荷崩れが防止でき、確実な掬い上げが行える。
【0006】
この発明において、前記段降し部で往復台により掬う高さに持ち上げられた荷物の1段下の層の荷物を、この層の荷物の上部の高さ位置で、往復台の進行方向に挟む第2のクランプ手段を設け
このように荷物を上部で挟む第2のクランプ手段を設けた場合、往復台の進入位置の下方の荷物を、往復台の直ぐ下の位置で挟むことができる。そのため、荷物が上部まで変形し難いもので有る場合に、クランプ手段で挟み付けることによる荷崩れ防止がより一層確実となる。また、中間ないし下方を押える第1のクランプ手段と上部を押える第1のクランプ手段とを併用するため、種々の高さの荷物に対して、確実な荷崩れ防止および掬い上げが可能となる。
【0007】
この発明において、前記第1のクランプ手段および第2のクランプ手段を、これらクランプ手段で挟む位置にある荷物に応じて選択的に作動させるクランプ選択制御手段を設けても良い。
これにより、種々の大きさや種類の荷物に対して、無用なクランプで荷物を破損させることなく、確実にクランプすることができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の一実施形態を図1ないし図19に基づいて説明する。全体の概略を図1と共に説明する。この荷処理装置は、段降し部1と段積み部2とを並設し、その上方間に渡って本体フレーム3のレール4上を往復走行する往復台5を設けたものである。段降し部1は、荷物Wが段積みされたパレットP1を搬入する搬入コンベヤ6と、搬入されたパレットP1を持ち上げて荷物Wの希望の層間を選択的に往復台5のレベルまで上昇させる昇降台装置7とを備えている。段積み部2は、荷積台である昇降台装置9と搬出コンベヤ8とを備えたものであり、空のパレットP2が昇降台装置9に載せられ、段降し部1から往復台5で運ばれた荷物が積まれる。往復台5は、ローラコンベヤを構成する多数のキャリッジローラ10を有し、段降し部1で荷物Wを希望の層ずつ掬い上げて段積み部2に降ろすものである。
【0009】
段降し部1の上部には、昇降台装置7に持ち上げられて往復台5による掬い上げ可能な高さにある荷物Wを四方から支える荷物四方支持手段11と、この荷物Wの上面を押える上面押え手段40と、往復台5で掬い上げる荷物Wの一段下の層の荷物Wを往復台5の進行方向に挟む第1および第2のクランプ手段12,13とが設けられている。
荷物四方支持手段11は、段降し部1の往復台進入側と反対側位置に設けられた対面側支持部材14と、往復台進入側に設けられた進入側支持部材15と、往復台進入方向に対して直交する方向に支持する一対の側面支持部材16とを有する。
第1,第2のクランプ手段12,13は、第1のクランプ手段12が下方に位置するように互いに上下に並んで配置され、各々往復台進入側と反対側に位置する第1および第2の対面側クランプ部材12a,13aと、往復台進入側に位置する第1および第2の進入側クランプ部材12b,13bとを備える。
段積み部2の上方には、ストッパ17、シャッタ18、および側面規制部材19からなる払落し整列手段20が設けてある。
【0010】
つぎに、各部の詳細を説明する。段降し部1および段積み部2の昇降台装置7,9は、ガイド柱21,21に沿って昇降する昇降アーム7a,9aを各々2本平行に設け、これら昇降アーム7a,9aを吊り索またはボールねじ等を介してモータにより昇降させる昇降駆動装置22,23を設けたものである。
段降し部1の搬入コンベヤ6、および段積み部2の搬出コンベヤ8は、各々チェーンコンベヤからなり、各々昇降台装置7,9の昇降アーム7a,9aが沈み込み可能なように、チェーン経路を下方へU字状に沈み込ませた凹み経路部(図示せず)が設けられている。
【0011】
図19に制御系をブロック図で示すように、段降し部1の昇降台装置7は、この荷処理装置の制御装置25を構成する層間位置選択手段26により昇降駆動装置22が制御され、昇降の停止高さが制御可能である。層間位置選択手段26は、積載された荷物Wの種々の層間位置を、往復台進入高さHに対して選択的に位置させることが可能とされ、これにより2層以上の荷物Wが同時に往復台5で掬われるように、昇降台装置7の停止位置高さが制御される。
往復台5は、荷処理装置制御装置25に設けられた往復台制御手段27により速度制御可能とされる。往復台制御手段27は、往復台5が段降し部1に向かって走行して荷物Wを掬い上げる走行過程で、荷物Wに当接するまでは当接後に 比べて高速で走行させ、当接した後は、掬い上げる荷物Wの高さや層数等の状況に応じた速度で走行させるように設定されている。往復台制御手段27は、例えば、荷物Wの状況と往復台走行速度との関係がテーブルまたは計算式等で設定されていて、荷物Wを掬う層数等の所定の入力に従って制御する。
クランプ選択制御手段28は、第1のクランプ手段12と第2のクランプ手段13とを、これらクランプ手段12,13で挟む位置にある荷物Wに応じて選択的に動作させる手段である。
【0012】
往復台5は、図4および図5に示すように、一対の台車側枠5a,5a間に多数本のキャリッジローラ10を取付けたものであり、各台車側枠5aは、本体フレーム3の2本の上枠材3aに設けたレール4に、直動軸受または車輪等の走行ガイド29を介して進退自在に設置されている。本体フレーム3には、各レール4に沿ってラック30が設けてあり、ラック30に噛み合う一対のピニオン31(図4)および減速機付きのモータ32からなる自走式の走行装置33が、台車側枠5aに搭載されている。両側のピニオン31,31は、回転軸31aで互いに連結してある。前記の往復台制御手段27(図19)は、モータ32の速度制御を行う。
【0013】
往復台5のキャリッジローラ10のうち、段降し部1側の先頭の2本のキャリッジローラ10Aは、往復台5に搭載されたキャリッジローラ駆動装置34で回転駆動される駆動キャリッジローラとしてある。また、キャリッジローラ10の並びの後端側には、上面が下降傾斜した板状のシュート24が、両台車側枠5a,5a間に渡って取付けてある。
2本の駆動キャリッジローラ10A,10Aの間には、図6,図7に示すように、台車5の枠材となる軸部材5bが介在し、この軸部材5bに、先頭のキャリッジローラ10Aの背面に転接する支持ローラ35が取付けられている。支持ローラ35は、キャリッジローラ10Aの軸方向の複数箇所に対して設けてある。支持ローラ35は、転がり軸受等の軸受、例えばシール付きの玉軸受からなり、その外輪35a(図7)が先頭のキャリッジローラ10Aの側面に転接する。
先頭2本の駆動キャリッジローラ10Aは、鉄等の金属製のローラ本体10aの外周にゴム等の滑り止め用の被覆10bを有している。この被覆10bはローラ軸方向に複数に分割されていて、その分割部はローラ本体10aが露出している。支持ローラ35は、その被覆10bの分割部内に位置してローラ本体10aの露出部分に転接する。軸部材5bには、荷物保護用の被覆10dが被せてあり、非駆動の各キャリッジローラ10にも荷物保護用の被覆(図示せず)が被せてある。
【0014】
図6に示すように、キャリッジローラ駆動装置34は、軸受部34Aと駆動部34Bとで構成される。軸受部34Aは、各駆動キャリッジローラ10Aの端部から突出したローラ軸10eを回転自在に支持するものである。駆動部34Bは、各ローラ軸10eにギヤ41を設け、これらギヤ41を共通の駆動伝達用ギヤ36に噛み合わせたものである。駆動伝達用ギヤ36は、取付台37に回転自在に支持されたものであり、駆動源38の出力ギヤ39に斜め下方で噛み合っている。駆動源38は、減速機付きのモータからなる。
【0015】
図1に示す荷物四方支持手段11は、図13に平面図で示すように、前述の対面側支持部材14と、進入側支持部材15と、一対の側面支持部材16とで、段降し部1の荷物Wの積載領域Rを囲むように設けられる。
このうち進入側支持部材15は、積載領域Rの略全幅にわたる長さを有し、図1の進退装置45により往復台進退方向に進退可能とされ、かつ昇降装置46により昇降可能とされている。進退装置45は、昇降装置46の設置された進退台47を、フレーム3の上の架台部3cに設けられたレール48に沿って進退させるものであり、シリンダ装置で構成されている。昇降装置46は、図3に側面図で示すように、進退台47に設けられた昇降ガイド49に沿って進入側支持部材15を昇降自在に支持し、リンク50を介して駆動源51で昇降させるものである。駆動源51はシリンダ装置からなる。リンク50は、中間部で上下回動自在に支持されたL字状の部材であり、一端が駆動源51に連結され、他端が進入側支持部材15に形成された横方向の長孔に係合している。
【0016】
図13の一対の側面支持部材16は、対面側支持部材14と進入側支持部材15とが互いに最も近づいた状態で、両部材14,15の間に収まる幅(往復台進退方向の長さ)に形成されている。これら側面支持部材16は、取付部材52に進退ガイド53を介して荷物積載領域Rに対して進退自在とされ、駆動源54で進退させられる。進退ガイド53は、一対のガイドロッドおよびこのガイドロッドを出入自在に挿通させたガイド部材よりなり、駆動源54はシリンダ装置からなる。これら進退ガイド53および駆動源54は、図12に示すように、フレーム3の架台部3cから垂下させた支持枠55に設けられている。
【0017】
図13の対面側支持部材14は、積載領域Rの略全幅にわたる長さを有し、図10に平面図で示すように、進退ガイド56により進退自在に支持され、駆動源57の駆動で進退させられる。駆動源57はシリンダ装置からなる。進退ガイド56および駆動源57は、支持枠を介してフレーム3に設置されている。進退ガイド56は、対面側支持部材14の両端を各々進退自在に案内する一対の部分ガイド56A,56Aと、両側の部分ガイド56A,56Aを連動させるガイド連動手段56Bとで構成される。部分ガイド56Aは、対面側支持部材14に後方に突出して設けたられたガイド棒58と、このガイド棒58を進退自在に支持する直動軸受等の直動案内59とで構成される。ガイド棒58はラック部が形成されており、ガイド連動手段56Bは、両ガイド棒58のラック部に噛み合う一対のピニオン60を共通の軸61に設けたものとしてある。軸61は軸受61Aにより回転自在に支持される。
対面側支持部材14には、この部材14の前に荷物Wがあることを無接触で検出する載荷検出手段62が設けられている。載荷検出手段62は、対面側支持部材14の一端から突出する取付枠に設けられた投光器62aと、対面側支持部材14の他端から突出する取付枠に設けられた受光器62bとで構成される。
図1に示すように、段降し部1において、本体フレーム3には、荷物上昇検出手段75が設けられ、台車進入高さHの若干下方の位置に荷物Wがあることを検出する。
【0018】
図8に示すように、対面側支持部材14の荷物当たり面14aは、上部が後退する傾斜面に形成されている。また、対面側支持部材14には、往復台5が進入可能なように退避する退避部63が設けられている。退避部63は、図9に拡大して示すように、支軸63aを回動中心として、対面側支持部材14の後側へ上昇回動可能に支持され、退避・復帰切換手段64により、対面側支持部材14の荷物当たり面14aから下方へ続く使用位置と、後ろ上方の退避位置とに位置変更される。退避・復帰切換手段64はシリンダ装置からなり、対面側支持部材14にブラケット86で揺動自在に支持されている。
【0019】
図1の第1のクランプ手段12は、図14に示すように、往復台進入高さHに持ち上げられた荷物Wの1段下の層の荷物Wを、この層の荷物Wの中央ないし下部の高さ位置で、往復台進行方向に挟む手段である。この荷処理装置で取り扱う荷物Wの高さは種々異なるので、荷物Wの中央ないし下部の高さ位置となる高さ範囲hは、所定範囲の高さの荷物Wに対して定められる。
第1のクランプ手段12は、前記のように対面側クランプ部材12aと進入側クランプ部材12bとを備え、各々クランプ駆動源65,66により進退させられる。第1のクランプ手段12における各側のクランプ部材12a,12bは、図11に破断平面図で示すように、積載領域Rの幅方向に複数(図示の例では3個)の分割クランプ部材12aa,12baに分割されていて、各単位クランプ部材12aa,12baが個別に進退自在なように、案内手段67,68で案内され、かつ個別にクランプ駆動源65,66で進退させられる。各案内手段67,68にはガイドロッド等が用いられる。第1のクランプ手段12の設置は、フレーム3に設けられた枠部3f,3gに行われる。なお、図11では、枠部3f,3gを切り欠いて第1および第2のクランプ手段12,13を一部ずつ図示している。
【0020】
図14に示すように、第2のクランプ手段13は、往復台5で掬う高さHに持ち上げられた荷物Wの1段下の層の荷物Wを、この層の荷物Wの上部の高さ位置で往復台進行方向に挟む手段である。
第2のクランプ手段13は、前記のように対面側クランプ部材13aと進入側クランプ部材13bとを備え、各々クランプ駆動源69,70により進退させられる。進入側クランプ部材13bは、図11に示すように、第1のクランプ手段12と同様に、積載領域Rの幅方向に複数(図示の例では3個)の分割クランプ部材13baに分割されていて、各単位クランプ部材13baが個別に進退自在なように案内手段72で案内され、かつ個別にクランプ駆動源70で進退させられる。各案内手段72にはガイドロッド等が用いられる。
図14に示す第2のクランプ手段13の対面側クランプ部材13aは、図10に平面図で示すように、積載領域Rの全幅に渡って延びる一体のものとされ、進退ガイド71により進退自在に支持され、駆動源69の駆動で進退させられる。駆動源69はシリンダ装置からなる。進退ガイド71は、荷物四方支持手段11の対面側支持部材14の進退ガイド56と同様に、対面側クランプ部材13aの両端を各々進退自在に案内する一対の部分ガイド71A,71Aと、両側の部分ガイド71A,71Aを連動させるガイド連動手段71Bとで構成される。また、部分ガイド71A,71Aはガイド棒で形成されて直動案内で支持され、ガイド連動手段71Bは、部分ガイド71A,71Aのガイド棒に形成されたラックに噛み合うピニオン73と、両ピニオン73を連結した軸74とで構成される。
【0021】
図14に示すように、上面押え手段40は、往復台5で掬う位置に持ち上げられた荷物Wの並びの全体を上面から押える部材であり、押え駆動源80により、荷物Wを押える高さ位置と上方に退避する高さ位置との間に昇降させられる。押え駆動源80は、シリンダ装置で構成され、例えば上面押え手段40の一対の対向辺に沿って各々複数台が設けられる。押え駆動源80は、は、フレーム3の架台部3cに設置されている。上面押え手段40は、面材の弾性体、例えばゴムまたは合成樹脂材等の薄い板状ないしシート状の弾性体からなり、一対の対向辺に湾曲部ないし屈曲部状の折り返し部分40aを有している。この上面押え手段40は、折り返し部分40aで押え駆動源80に取付けられている。
なお、上面押え手段40は、面材とする代わりに、複数の独立したシリンダ装置等の単位上面押え手段を平面的に配列して設けても良い。
【0022】
図1の段積み部2の上方に設けられた払落し整列手段20につき説明する。払落し整列手段20のストッパ17、シャッタ18、および一対の側面規制部材19は、段積み部2に移動した往復台5上の荷物Wの四方を囲むように配置される。ストッパ17は、進退装置81により往復台5の段積み部2への進入方向に対面して進退可能とされる。シャッタ18は、進退装置82により往復台進退方向に進退可能とされ、かつ昇降装置83により昇降可能とされている。これら進退装置82および昇降装置83は、荷物四方支持手段11の進入側支持部材15を移動させる進退装置45および昇降装置46と同様な構成のものである。一対の側面規制部材19は、往復台進退方向と直行する方向に、互いに対面して進退可能なように図2の進退ガイド84により進退自在に支持され、かつ駆動源85で進退駆動される。
【0023】
なお、荷物四方支持手段11の進入側支持部材15および一対の側面支持部材16、並びに払落し整列手段20のストッパ17、シャッタ18、および一対の側面規制部材19は、いずれも往復台高さ位置の上に複数段に積まれた状態の荷物Wの各段の荷物Wを押し付け可能な上下幅のものとしても良く、それら複数段の荷物Wにおける最下段の荷物Wのみを押し付け可能な上下幅のものとしても良い。
【0024】
上記構成の動作を説明する。図1の段降し部1側のパレットP1の荷物Wは、例えば、缶,瓶,または樹脂容器入り飲料を収納したダンボール箱である。コンベヤ6の手前に続くコンベヤ(図示せず)には、荷物Wを種類別に載せた複数のパレットP1が順次並べて待機させられる。段積みされた荷物Wの各層の間は、搬送時に荷崩れしないように、ホットメルト型接着剤(図示せず)で互いに接着してある。段積み部2側のパレットP2は、出荷先別に準備されたパレットである。
【0025】
図17(A)に示すように、段積み状態のパレットP1が搬入コンベヤ6で段降し部1の所定位置まで搬送されると、搬入コンベヤ6が停止し、昇降台装置7が上昇して搬入コンベヤ6のパレットP1を持ち上げる。層間位置選択手段26(図19)で設定された荷物Wの層間位置が、鎖線で示すように往復台進入高さHに至ると、昇降台装置7の上昇が停止する。同図は、2層分の荷物Wを同時に載せ替える場合の例であり、2層目と3層目の層間位置が往復台進入高さHとされている。
【0026】
この停止の後、図17(B)のように、荷物四方支持手段11の対面側支持部材14、および第1,第2のクランプ手段12,13の対面側クランプ部材12a,13aが荷物Wに当たる所定位置まで前進し、進入側支持部材15が閉じ位置に下降して前進すると共に、第1,第2のクランプ手段12,13の進入側クランプ手段12b,13bが前進する。さらに、一対の側面支持部材16,16が前進し、上面押え手段40が下降する。
これにより、往復台進入高さHより上方にある荷物Wが、荷物四方支持手段11の対面側支持部材14,進入側支持部材15、および一対の側面支持部材16、16により四方から挟まれ(図15参照)、かつ上面から上面押え手段40で押し付けられる。また、往復台進入高さHの1段下の層の荷物Wが、第1,第2の対面側クランプ部材12a,13aと進入側クランプ部材12b,13bとで挟まれる。
なお、第1,第2のクランプ手段12,13は、上記のように両方で同時に荷物Wを挟んでも良く、また荷物Wの種類等に応じて、いずれか片方のクランプ手段12,13で挟んでも良い。
【0027】
このように支持およびクランプした状態で、段積み部2側に待機していた往復台5が先頭の駆動キャリッジローラ10Aを上向き(矢印a方向)に回転駆動しながら、段降し部1側に走行する。駆動キャリッジローラ10Aが荷物Wの側面に当たると、その回転による摩擦力で荷物Wが掬い上げられ、往復台5が荷物Wの層間に進入する。そのため、その層間よりも上方の荷物Wが、往復台5の走行に伴って往復台5上に載せられる(図17(C))。
このとき、往復台5で掬い上げられる荷物Wは、荷物四方支持手段11で四方から挟まれ、かつ上面押え手段40で上面が押えられているため、往復台5で押されて逃げたり、荷姿が崩れたりすることがない。このように、四方を囲み、上面からも押えるため、荷物Wが奥行きに対して高い形状であったり、複数段同時に掬い上げられる場合であっても、荷姿が崩れることが防止される。
上記掬い上げ時に、荷物Wの層間を接着している接着剤は剥がれ状態となる。この剥がれが円滑に行われないときは、荷物Wが局部的な急な剥がれ等によってその反動で上方に移動しようとすることがあるが、このような荷物Wの移動は、上面押さえ手段40で荷物Wが上面から押えられることにより防止される。
【0028】
荷物四方支持手段11を構成する各方向の支持手段のうち、対面側支持部材14は、退避部63が下部に設けられていて、往復台5が接近するまでは、退避部63によっても荷物Wを支持する。往復台5が接近すると、退避部63は上昇退避し、対面側支持部材14の下方に往復台5が進入する。そのため、往復台5の動作の妨げとなることなく、往復台5の進入力に対して、荷物Wを底部まで支えることができ、荷物Wの位置ずれ防止がより一層確実になる。
【0029】
往復台5による荷物Wの掬い上げ時に、その掬い上げ層の1段下の層となる荷物Wは、第1,第2のクランプ手段12,13の両方またはいずれか片方で挟み込まれているため、荷崩れすることがない。また、この掬い上げ層の1段下の層の荷物Wの位置や姿勢がばらけて往復台5の進入が妨げられることも防止され、円滑な掬い上げが行われる。
第1のクランプ手段12は、図14に示すように、荷物Wの中央ないし下部を押すものであるため、荷物Wが同図に示すように口の細い瓶等の内容物wを収容したものであって、上部に空間が多いものであっても、荷物Wの内容物wの詰まった箇所を押すことができる。そのため、荷物Wが、上部に空間が多く、また段ボール箱のように剛性の低い箱類であったとしても、荷物Wをクランプ力で変形させることなく、確実に把持でき、荷崩れ防止および確実な掬い上げが行える。荷物Wの上端付近を押す第2のクランプ手段13を用いた場合は、往復台5の直ぐ下の位置で挟むことができるため、クランプ手段で挟み付けることによる荷崩れ防止がより一層確実となる。また、この実施形態のように、中間ないし下方を押える第1のクランプ手段12と上部を押える第2のクランプ手段13とを併用した場合は、種々の高さの荷物Wに対して、確実な荷崩れ防止および掬い上げが可能となる。第1,第2のクランプ手段12,13を、これらクランプ手段12,13で挟む位置にある荷物Wに応じて選択的に作動させるクランプ選択制御手段28(図19)を設けた場合は、種々の大きさや種類の荷物Wに対して、無用なクランプで荷物Wを破損させることなく、確実なクランプが行える。
【0030】
クランプ手段12,13の進入側のクランプ部材12b,13bは、複数個に分割されているため、第2のクランプ手段13につき図16(A)に示すように、一部の列の荷物Wの間に隙間dがある場合も、同図(B)に示すように、各分割クランプ部材13ba,13baで各列毎に荷物Wがクランプされ、隙間なくクランプされる。そのため、確実なクランプが行え、往復台5による円滑な荷物Wの掬い上げが行える。また、荷物Wの間に隙間がある場合に限らず、荷物Wの各列の長さが異なっているような場合も、各列毎に荷物Wを押すことにより、確実なクランプが行える。
【0031】
図14の往復台5は、段降し部1に向かって走行して荷物Wを掬い上げる走行過程で、往復台制御手段27(図19)の制御により、荷物Wに当接するまでは高速で走行させ、当接した後は、掬い上げる荷物Wの状況に応じた速度で走行する。荷物Wの状況とは、同時に掬い上げる荷物Wの層数,段積み高さ,重さや、個々の層の荷物Wの高さ等である。
このように、往復台5を、荷物Wに当接するまでは高速走行させ、当接後は荷物Wの積載状況に応じて、安全な範囲で走行速度を速くすることで、荷崩れを生じることなく、往復台5の往復のサイクルタイムを短縮し、載せ替え効率を向上させることができる。
往復台5の先頭のキャリッジローラ10Aは、荷物Wの層間に進入するときに大きな抵抗を受け、撓みを生じ易いが、中間部で支持ローラ35(図6,図7)により支持されるため、撓みが抑えられ、キャリッジローラ10Aの撓みによる掬い上げ不良を生じることなく、複数層の荷物Wを支障なく掬い上げることができる。
【0032】
このように荷物Wが往復台5に掬い上げられた後、図18(A)のように荷物四方支持手段11の対面側支持部材14の後退、進入側支持部材15の後退,上方開き動作、一対の側面支持手段16の開き、および上面押え手段40の上昇移動が行われ、往復台5が段積み部2側へ逆走する。また、第1,第2のクランプ手段12,13が、対面側および進入側のクランプ部材12a,13a,12b,13bの後退によりクランプ解除し、荷物Wの次の上昇に備える。
【0033】
往復台5が段積み部2の所定位置まで走行すると、走行の停止後、往復台5上の荷物Wを、払落し整列手段20のシャッタ18およびストッパ17で前後に挟むと共に、一対の側面規制部材19で左右に挟む(図18(B))。この状態で、往復台5がシャッタ18の下方をくぐって段降し部1側へ走行することにより、往復台5上の荷物Wはシャッタ18で止められてパレットP2上に払い落とされる。
往復台5が段積み部2に位置している間に、段降し部1では昇降台装置7が、次の任意段数の上昇を行い、前記と同様に往復台進入高さHよりも上方の荷物Wを荷物四方支持手段11で囲んで支持し、その一段下の荷物Wを第1,第2のクランプ手段12,13でクランプした状態で待機する。そのため、往復台5が荷物Wの払い落しのために段降し部1側に走行したときに、そのまま走行を続けることにより、段降し部1の次の1層ないし複数層分の荷物Wが往復台5に掬い上げられる(図18(C))。
【0034】
このように、往復台5を往復させて、段降し部1のパレットP1の所望段数の荷物Wを取り出し、段積み部2のパレットP2に段積みする。このとき、前記のように層間位置選択手段26(図19)に従い、複数層の荷物Wを往復台5で同時に掬うことができるようにしたため、多数の荷物Wを効率良くパレットP1,P2間に載せ替えることができる。段降し部1の余った荷物Wは、パレットP1と共に昇降台装置7から搬入コンベヤ6上に降ろし、後続のコンベヤ(図示せず)から搬出する。
上記の繰り返し過程で、往復台5の段降し部1への移動は、段降し部1における往復台高さHの上に荷物Wがあることを、載荷検出手段62(図10)で検出した後に行われる。この場合に、載荷検出手段62は、荷物四方支持手段11に設けたため、荷物四方支持手段11で検出経路が阻害されることなく、載荷検出が行える。
【0035】
なお、前記実施形態において、段積み部2は昇降台装置9を荷積み台として用い、パレットP2に段積みするようにしたが、荷積み台はコンベヤや台車等であっても良い。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
この発明の荷処理装置は、段降し部で往復台により掬う高さに持ち上げた荷物の1段下の層の荷物を、この層の荷物の中央ないし下部の高さ位置で、往復台の進行方向に挟む第1のクランプ手段を設けたため、荷物が上部に空間の多い箱類であっても、掬い上げる一つ下の層の荷物を確実に把持でき、荷崩れ防止および確実な掬い上げが行える。
また、段降し部で往復台により掬う高さに持ち上げた荷物の1段下の層の荷物を、この層の荷物の上部の高さ位置で、往復台の進行方向に挟む第2のクランプ手段を設けたため、種々の高さの荷物に対して、確実な荷崩れ防止および掬い上げが可能となる。
第1のクランプ手段および第2のクランプ手段を、これらクランプ手段で挟む位置にある荷物に応じて選択的に作動させるクランプ選択制御手段を設けた場合は、種々の高さの荷物に対して、荷物を損傷させることなく、確実に把持することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の一実施形態にかかる荷処理装置の正面図である。
【図2】同荷処理装置の平面図である。
【図3】同荷処理装置の側面図である。
【図4】同荷処理装置におけるフレームと往復台の関係を示す平面図である。
【図5】同往復台の斜視図である。
【図6】(A)は往復台の部分拡大平面図、(B)は往復台の部分拡大破断側面図である。
【図7】往復台の先頭キャリッジローラとその支持ローラの関係を示す部分破断拡大平面図である。
【図8】荷物四方支持手段の対面側支持部材と、第2のクランプ手段の対面側クランプ部材を示す正面図である。
【図9】荷物四方支持手段の対面側支持部材と第2のクランプ手段の対面側クランプ部材を示す拡大断面図である。
【図10】荷物四方支持手段の対面側支持部材と、第2のクランプ手段の対面側クランプ部材を示す平面図である。
【図11】第1および第2のクランプ手段を示す部分切欠平面図である。
【図12】荷物四方支持手段の一対の側面支持部材とフレームの一部を示す破断側面図である。
【図13】荷物四方支持手段の概略平面図である。
【図14】荷物四方支持手段の対面側支持部材、第1,第2のクランプ手段、および上面押え手段を示す正面図である。
【図15】荷物四方支持手段の動作説明図である。
【図16】第2のクランプ手段の作用説明図である。
【図17】この荷処理装置の全体動作を示す動作説明図である。
【図18】この荷処理装置の図17に続く動作を示す動作説明図である。
【図19】この荷処理装置の制御系の概念構成を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1…段降し部
2…段積み部
3…本体フレーム
4…レール
5…往復台
6…搬入コンベア
7…昇降台装置
9…昇降台装置(荷積み台)
10…キャリッジローラ
11…荷物四方支持手段
12…第1のクランプ手段
12a…対面側クランプ部材
12b…進入側クランプ部材
13…第2のクランプ手段
13a…対面側クランプ部材
13b…進入側クランプ部材
14…対面側支持部材
15…進入側支持部材
16…側面支持部材
20…払落し整列手段
22,23…昇降駆動装置
25…荷処理装置制御装置
26…層間位置選択手段
27…往復台制御手段
28…クランプ選択制御手段
35…支持ローラ
40…上面押え手段
62…載荷検出手段
63…退避部
80…押え駆動源
H…往復台進入高さ
W…荷物
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a load processing device that takes out a desired number of layers of goods stacked on a pallet or the like and stacks the goods on another pallet or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a plurality of packages stacked on a pallet in a plurality of layers are sometimes mounted on another pallet in units of the number of layers. For example, in a canned beverage production plant, cardboard boxes containing canned beverages are stacked on pallets for each type of beverage, and a desired number of layers are taken out of these pallets, and various types of pallets are prepared for each shipping destination.
As a load processing device for unloading such a layer, the present applicant runs a carriage between the step-down section and the stacking section, and reciprocates between the layers of the packages stacked in the step-down section. There has been proposed a system in which a table is entered to scoop up luggage (for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-14266).
The luggage in the layer immediately below the layer to be scooped is a pair of stoppers that oppose each other in order to prevent collapse of the load when entering the carriage and to prevent the baggage from being unscooped due to a change in posture due to the escape of the luggage. Clamp with the clamping means. The clamping means is arranged at a height immediately below the traveling path of the carriage so that the clamping can be performed irrespective of the height of the load. In addition, between the layers of the stacked luggage, some places are temporarily fixed with a hot-melt adhesive so that the luggage does not collapse while being conveyed by the pallet.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the conventional clamp means for holding the load of the next lower layer is disposed at a height immediately below the traveling path of the carriage as described above, it will hold the upper part of the load. However, there are many packages to be handled by the load handling apparatus, such as cardboard boxes containing small-mouthed bottles and PET bottles, which have a large space at the top and low rigidity of the boxes. In the case of such a load, when the upper portion is pressed by the clamp means, the outer surface of the load may be dented and may not be reliably held.
[0004]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a load processing device capable of securely gripping the next lower layer of luggage even if the luggage is a box having a lot of space in the upper part, and preventing the collapse of the luggage and the reliable scooping. It is to be.
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to reliably prevent collapse of a load and to scoop up loads of various heights.
Still another object of the present invention is to make it possible to securely hold a load without damaging the load.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The loading / unloading device of the present invention includes a step-down unit having a lifting / lowering table device for placing loads in a stacked state, a step-up unit having a loading table arranged in parallel with the step-down unit, and the step-down unit. Is provided so as to be able to reciprocate between the lifting platform device of the section and the loading platform of the stacking section, and the baggage stacked in the stepping section along with traveling to the stepping section side. A carriage that can enter between layers and scoop up luggage is provided, and the following first clamping means is provided. The first clamping means is configured to move the luggage of the layer one stage below the luggage lifted to the scooping height by the carriage at the step-down unit at the center or lower level of the luggage of the layer, Means in the direction of travel.
According to the load processing device having this configuration, the lifting / lowering table device of the step-down unit lifts the stacked packages to a height position that can be picked up by the carriage. The load in the layer one step below the load lifted to this height position is pinched by the first clamping means, and in this pinched state, the carriage enters and lifts the load thereon. Therefore, when the carriage is approached, the load under the carriage is prevented from being collapsed due to the resistance of the approach or the peeling of the adhesive between the layers of the load. At this time, since the first clamping means sandwiches the height position of the center or lower part of the luggage, the luggage is a cardboard box containing a small-mouthed container such as a bottle or a plastic bottle, for example. Even if the space is wide open, the luggage can be sandwiched by the first clamp means at a position corresponding to the thicker intermediate height portion or lower portion of the container. Therefore, even if the luggage is a box having a large space in the upper part, the luggage can be reliably pinched without being depressed by the pinching force, the collapse of the load can be prevented, and the scooping can be reliably performed.
[0006]
In the present invention, the luggage of the layer one stage below the luggage lifted to the scooping height by the carriage at the step-down unit is sandwiched in the traveling direction of the carriage at the height position of the upper part of the luggage of this layer. Providing second clamping means To .
In the case where the second clamping means for sandwiching the load at the upper portion is provided in this manner, the load below the entrance position of the carriage can be clamped at a position immediately below the carriage. Therefore, in the case where the load is difficult to be deformed to the upper portion, the collapse of the load due to being sandwiched by the clamp means is further ensured. In addition, since the first clamp means for pressing the middle or lower part and the first clamp means for pressing the upper part are used together, it is possible to reliably prevent the collapse of the load and to scoop up loads of various heights.
[0007]
In the present invention, there may be provided a clamp selection control means for selectively operating the first clamp means and the second clamp means in accordance with a load located between the clamp means.
Thus, it is possible to securely clamp a load of various sizes and types without damaging the load with an unnecessary clamp.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The overall outline will be described with reference to FIG. This load processing device has a step-down unit 1 and a stacking unit 2 arranged side by side, and a carriage 5 that reciprocates on rails 4 of a main body frame 3 over an upper portion thereof. The drop-down section 1 lifts the loaded pallet P1 by loading the loaded pallet P1 with the loaded pallets P1 and selectively raises the desired layer of the loaded goods W to the level of the carriage 5. And a lifting platform device 7. The stacking unit 2 includes a lifting platform device 9 serving as a loading platform and an unloading conveyor 8. An empty pallet P2 is placed on the lifting platform device 9, and is transferred from the stepping-down unit 1 to the shuttle 5. Carried luggage is loaded. The carriage 5 has a number of carriage rollers 10 constituting a roller conveyor. The carriage 1 scoops up the load W by a desired layer at the step-down unit 1 and lowers it on the stacking unit 2.
[0009]
In the upper part of the step-down unit 1, four-sided support means 11 for supporting the load W lifted by the lift device 7 and having a height at which scooping can be performed by the carriage 5 from all sides, and presses the upper surface of the load W. An upper surface pressing means 40 and first and second clamping means 12 and 13 for sandwiching the luggage W in the lower layer of the luggage W to be scooped by the carriage 5 in the traveling direction of the carriage 5 are provided.
The four-way luggage support means 11 includes a facing support member 14 provided at a position opposite to the carriage entry side of the step-down unit 1, an entry support member 15 provided at the carriage entry side, and a carriage entry. And a pair of side support members 16 that are supported in a direction orthogonal to the direction.
The first and second clamping means 12 and 13 are arranged vertically above and below each other such that the first clamping means 12 is located below, and the first and second clamping means are respectively located on opposite sides of the carriage entrance side. , And first and second approach side clamp members 12b, 13b located on the carriage approach side.
Above the stacking unit 2, a drop-off alignment unit 20 including a stopper 17, a shutter 18, and a side surface regulating member 19 is provided.
[0010]
Next, details of each unit will be described. The lift units 7 and 9 of the step-down unit 1 and the stacking unit 2 are provided with two lift arms 7a and 9a that move up and down along the guide columns 21 and 21 respectively, and suspend the lift arms 7a and 9a. Elevating drive units 22, 23 which are moved up and down by a motor via a cable or a ball screw are provided.
The carry-in conveyor 6 of the step-down unit 1 and the carry-out conveyor 8 of the stacking unit 2 are each composed of a chain conveyor, and a chain path is provided so that the lift arms 7a, 9a of the lift units 7, 9 can be lowered. A concave path portion (not shown) is provided in which U is sunk downward in a U-shape.
[0011]
As shown in a block diagram of the control system in FIG. 19, the elevation drive device 22 of the step-down unit 1 is controlled by the interlayer position selection means 26 constituting the control device 25 of the load processing device. The height at which the elevator stops can be controlled. The interlayer position selecting means 26 can selectively position various interlayer positions of the loaded cargo W with respect to the carriage entrance height H, whereby two or more layers of the cargo W can reciprocate simultaneously. The stop position height of the elevating platform device 7 is controlled so that the platform 5 is scooped.
The speed of the carriage 5 can be controlled by carriage control means 27 provided in the load processing device controller 25. The carriage control means 27 controls the carriage 5 to travel at a higher speed than in the abutment state until the carriage 5 travels toward the step-down unit 1 and picks up the luggage W. After that, it is set to run at a speed according to the situation such as the height and the number of layers of the load W to be scooped. The carriage control means 27 has, for example, a relation between the state of the luggage W and the traveling speed of the luggage carriage set by a table or a calculation formula, and performs control in accordance with a predetermined input such as the number of layers for scooping the luggage W.
The clamp selection control means 28 is means for selectively operating the first clamp means 12 and the second clamp means 13 according to the load W located between the clamp means 12 and 13.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the carriage 5 has a large number of carriage rollers 10 mounted between a pair of carriage side frames 5a, 5a. It is installed on a rail 4 provided on the upper frame member 3a so as to be able to move forward and backward via a travel guide 29 such as a linear motion bearing or a wheel. A rack 30 is provided on the main body frame 3 along each rail 4, and a self-propelled traveling device 33 including a pair of pinions 31 (FIG. 4) meshing with the rack 30 and a motor 32 with a speed reducer is provided on a bogie. It is mounted on the side frame 5a. The pinions 31 on both sides are connected to each other by a rotating shaft 31a. The carriage control means 27 (FIG. 19) controls the speed of the motor 32.
[0013]
Of the carriage rollers 10 of the carriage 5, the first two carriage rollers 10 A on the step-down unit 1 side are drive carriage rollers that are rotationally driven by a carriage roller driving device 34 mounted on the carriage 5. At the rear end side of the row of the carriage rollers 10, a plate-shaped chute 24 whose upper surface is inclined downward is mounted between the both bogie-side frames 5a, 5a.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a shaft member 5b serving as a frame member of the carriage 5 is interposed between the two drive carriage rollers 10A, 10A, and the shaft member 5b is provided with the leading carriage roller 10A. A support roller 35 that is in contact with the rear surface is mounted. The support rollers 35 are provided at a plurality of positions in the axial direction of the carriage roller 10A. The support roller 35 is formed of a bearing such as a rolling bearing, for example, a ball bearing with a seal, and its outer ring 35a (FIG. 7) is in rolling contact with the side surface of the leading carriage roller 10A.
The first two drive carriage rollers 10A have a non-slip coating 10b made of rubber or the like on the outer periphery of a roller body 10a made of metal such as iron. The coating 10b is divided into a plurality of parts in the roller axis direction, and the roller body 10a is exposed at the divided part. The support roller 35 is located in the divided portion of the coating 10b and is in rolling contact with the exposed portion of the roller body 10a. The shaft member 5b is covered with a luggage protection coating 10d, and the non-driven carriage rollers 10 are also covered with a luggage protection coating (not shown).
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 6, the carriage roller driving device 34 includes a bearing portion 34A and a driving portion 34B. The bearing portion 34A rotatably supports a roller shaft 10e protruding from an end of each drive carriage roller 10A. The drive unit 34B is provided with a gear 41 on each roller shaft 10e, and meshes these gears 41 with a common drive transmission gear 36. The drive transmission gear 36 is rotatably supported by the mount 37 and meshes obliquely with the output gear 39 of the drive source 38. The drive source 38 is composed of a motor with a speed reducer.
[0015]
As shown in a plan view in FIG. 13, the four-way luggage support means 11 shown in FIG. 1 includes a stepping-down portion including the above-described facing side support member 14, the approach side support member 15, and the pair of side surface support members 16. It is provided so as to surround the loading area R of one package W.
Of these, the entry-side support member 15 has a length that covers substantially the entire width of the loading area R, and can be moved back and forth in the carriage reciprocation direction by the reciprocation device 45 in FIG. 1, and can be moved up and down by the elevating device 46. . The reciprocating device 45 moves the reciprocating table 47 on which the elevating device 46 is installed along a rail 48 provided on the gantry 3c on the frame 3 and is configured by a cylinder device. As shown in a side view in FIG. 3, the lifting device 46 supports the entry-side support member 15 so as to be able to move up and down along a lifting guide 49 provided on an advancing / retreating table 47, and moves up and down by a drive source 51 via a link 50. It is to let. The drive source 51 comprises a cylinder device. The link 50 is an L-shaped member that is rotatably supported at an intermediate portion. One end of the link 50 is connected to the drive source 51, and the other end of the link 50 is in a laterally long hole formed in the entry-side support member 15. Is engaged.
[0016]
The pair of side support members 16 in FIG. 13 has a width (length in the reciprocating table advancing / retreating direction) in which the facing support member 14 and the entry-side support member 15 are positioned closest to each other and fit between the two members 14 and 15. Is formed. These side support members 16 can be moved forward and backward with respect to the load area R via the forward and backward guides 53 by the mounting member 52, and are moved forward and backward by the drive source 54. The advance / retreat guide 53 is composed of a pair of guide rods and a guide member through which the guide rods are inserted so as to be able to enter and exit, and the drive source 54 is composed of a cylinder device. As shown in FIG. 12, the advance / retreat guide 53 and the drive source 54 are provided on a support frame 55 suspended from the gantry 3c of the frame 3.
[0017]
The facing support member 14 in FIG. 13 has a length that covers substantially the entire width of the loading region R, and is supported by a reciprocating guide 56 so as to be able to advance and retreat as shown in a plan view in FIG. Let me do. The drive source 57 includes a cylinder device. The advance / retreat guide 56 and the drive source 57 are installed on the frame 3 via a support frame. The advance / retreat guide 56 includes a pair of partial guides 56A, 56A for guiding both ends of the facing-side support member 14 so as to be able to advance and retract, respectively, and guide interlocking means 56B for interlocking the partial guides 56A, 56A on both sides. The partial guide 56A includes a guide rod 58 provided on the facing support member 14 so as to protrude rearward, and a linear guide 59 such as a linear bearing for supporting the guide rod 58 so as to be able to move forward and backward. The guide rod 58 is formed with a rack portion, and the guide interlocking means 56B is such that a pair of pinions 60 that mesh with the rack portions of both guide rods 58 are provided on a common shaft 61. The shaft 61 is rotatably supported by a bearing 61A.
The facing support member 14 is provided with a load detecting means 62 for detecting the presence of the load W in front of the member 14 without contact. The load detecting means 62 is composed of a light projector 62a provided on a mounting frame protruding from one end of the facing support member 14 and a light receiver 62b provided on a mounting frame protruding from the other end of the facing support member 14. You.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the step-down unit 1, the body frame 3 is provided with a baggage lift detecting unit 75, which detects that there is a baggage W at a position slightly below the cart entry height H.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 8, the luggage contact surface 14a of the facing support member 14 is formed as an inclined surface whose upper part is receded. In addition, the facing support member 14 is provided with a retracting portion 63 that retracts so that the carriage 5 can enter. As shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. 9, the retreat portion 63 is supported to be rotatable upward and rearward on the back side of the facing support member 14 around the support shaft 63 a, and the retreat / return switching means 64 faces the retreat portion 63. The position is changed to a use position that continues downward from the load contact surface 14a of the side support member 14, and a retracted position that is located above and behind. The retraction / return switching means 64 is formed of a cylinder device, and is swingably supported on the facing support member 14 by a bracket 86.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 14, the first clamping means 12 of FIG. 1 moves the load W of the layer one level below the load W lifted to the carriage entry height H to the center or lower part of the load W of this layer. At the height position of the carriage in the traveling direction of the carriage. Since the height of the load W handled by this load processing device is variously different, the height range h which is the height position of the center or lower portion of the load W is determined for the load W having a predetermined range of height.
The first clamp means 12 includes the facing clamp member 12a and the ingress clamp member 12b as described above, and is moved forward and backward by the clamp driving sources 65 and 66, respectively. The clamp members 12a and 12b on each side of the first clamp means 12 are divided into a plurality (three in the illustrated example) of divided clamp members 12aa and 12aa in the width direction of the loading region R, as shown in a cutaway plan view in FIG. The unit clamp members 12aa, 12ba are guided by guide means 67, 68 so that they can be individually advanced and retracted, and individually advanced and retracted by clamp drive sources 65, 66. A guide rod or the like is used for each of the guide means 67 and 68. The installation of the first clamping means 12 is performed on the frame portions 3 f and 3 g provided on the frame 3. In FIG. 11, the first and second clamping means 12 and 13 are shown partly by cutting out the frame portions 3f and 3g.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 14, the second clamping means 13 moves the luggage W of the layer one stage below the luggage W lifted to the height H scooped by the carriage 5 to the height of the upper part of the luggage W of this layer. It is means for sandwiching the carriage in the traveling direction of the carriage at the position.
The second clamp means 13 includes the facing clamp member 13a and the entrance clamp member 13b as described above, and is advanced and retracted by the clamp drive sources 69 and 70, respectively. As shown in FIG. 11, the entrance-side clamp member 13b is divided into a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) divided clamp members 13ba in the width direction of the loading region R, similarly to the first clamp means 12. The unit clamp members 13ba are individually guided by the guide means 72 so as to be able to advance and retreat individually, and are individually advanced and retracted by the clamp drive source 70. A guide rod or the like is used for each guide means 72.
The facing clamping member 13a of the second clamping means 13 shown in FIG. 14 is an integral member extending over the entire width of the loading region R as shown in a plan view in FIG. It is supported and moved forward and backward by driving of the driving source 69. The drive source 69 comprises a cylinder device. The advance / retreat guide 71 is, like the advance / retreat guide 56 of the facing support member 14 of the four-sided support means 11, a pair of partial guides 71A, 71A for guiding both ends of the facing clamp member 13a so as to be able to advance / retreat, respectively. It comprises guides 71A and guide interlocking means 71B for interlocking the guides 71A. Further, the partial guides 71A, 71A are formed by guide rods and supported by linear guides, and the guide interlocking means 71B includes a pinion 73 meshing with a rack formed on the guide rod of the partial guides 71A, 71A, and both pinions 73. The shaft 74 is connected.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 14, the upper surface pressing means 40 is a member that presses the entire row of the packages W lifted to the scooping position by the carriage 5 from above, and is controlled by the pressing drive source 80 at a height position at which the packages W are pressed. And a height position retracted upward. The press drive source 80 is formed of a cylinder device, and a plurality of press drive sources are provided along a pair of opposing sides of the upper surface press means 40, for example. The presser drive source 80 is installed on the gantry 3 c of the frame 3. The upper surface pressing means 40 is made of an elastic body of a surface material, for example, a thin plate-like or sheet-like elastic body such as rubber or a synthetic resin material, and has a bent portion or a bent portion-like folded portion 40a on a pair of opposing sides. ing. The upper surface pressing means 40 is attached to the pressing drive source 80 at the folded portion 40a.
In addition, the upper surface pressing means 40 may be provided with a plurality of unit upper surface pressing means such as a plurality of independent cylinder devices arranged in a plane in place of the surface material.
[0022]
A description will be given of the drop-off alignment means 20 provided above the stacking unit 2 of FIG. The stopper 17, the shutter 18, and the pair of side surface regulating members 19 of the drop-off alignment means 20 are arranged so as to surround the four sides of the load W on the carriage 5 moved to the stacking unit 2. The stopper 17 can be advanced and retracted by the advance and retreat device 81 in a direction in which the carriage 5 enters the stacked portion 2. The shutter 18 can be moved back and forth in the reciprocating table moving direction by a moving device 82, and can be moved up and down by an elevating device 83. The advance / retreat device 82 and the elevating device 83 have the same configuration as the advancing / retreating device 45 and the elevating device 46 for moving the entry-side support member 15 of the baggage four-way support means 11. The pair of side surface regulating members 19 are supported by the advance / retreat guide 84 in FIG. 2 so as to be able to advance and retreat in a direction orthogonal to the carriage advance / retreat direction so as to face each other.
[0023]
The entry-side support member 15 and the pair of side support members 16 of the baggage four-way support unit 11, the stopper 17, the shutter 18, and the pair of side control members 19 of the drop-off alignment unit 20 are all located at the carriage height position. The upper and lower widths of the plurality of luggage W stacked in a plurality of stages may be a vertical width capable of pressing the luggage W of each stage, and the lowermost luggage W of the plurality of luggage W may be pressed only. It is good.
[0024]
The operation of the above configuration will be described. The luggage W on the pallet P1 on the side of the step-down unit 1 in FIG. 1 is, for example, a can, a bottle, or a cardboard box containing a beverage in a resin container. On a conveyor (not shown) following the conveyor 6, a plurality of pallets P1 on which the loads W are placed by type are sequentially arranged and made to stand by. The layers of the stacked packages W are bonded to each other with a hot-melt type adhesive (not shown) so as not to collapse during transportation. The pallet P2 on the side of the stacking unit 2 is a pallet prepared for each shipping destination.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 17 (A), when the pallets P1 in the stacked state are conveyed to the predetermined position of the step-down unit 1 by the carry-in conveyor 6, the carry-in conveyor 6 stops, and the elevating platform device 7 rises. The pallet P1 of the carry-in conveyor 6 is lifted. When the interlayer position of the baggage W set by the interlayer position selecting means 26 (FIG. 19) reaches the carriage entry height H as shown by the dashed line, the lifting platform device 7 stops lifting. FIG. 9 shows an example in which two layers of luggage W are simultaneously transferred, and the inter-layer position of the second layer and the third layer is the entrance height H of the carriage.
[0026]
After this stop, as shown in FIG. 17B, the facing support member 14 of the four-way support means 11 and the facing clamp members 12a and 13a of the first and second clamping means 12 and 13 hit the load W. It advances to a predetermined position, and the approach-side support member 15 descends to the closed position and advances, and the approach-side clamp means 12b, 13b of the first and second clamp means 12, 13 advance. Further, the pair of side support members 16 advance, and the upper surface pressing means 40 descends.
As a result, the load W above the carriage entry height H is sandwiched from all sides by the facing support member 14, the approach support member 15, and the pair of side support members 16, 16 of the load four-way support means 11 ( 15), and is pressed from above by the upper surface pressing means 40. In addition, the load W of the layer one step below the carriage entrance height H is sandwiched between the first and second facing-side clamp members 12a and 13a and the entrance-side clamp members 12b and 13b.
The first and second clamping means 12, 13 may sandwich the baggage W at the same time as described above, or may be clamped by one of the clamping means 12, 13 depending on the type of the baggage W or the like. But it's fine.
[0027]
In the state of being supported and clamped in this manner, the carriage 5 that has been waiting on the side of the stacking unit 2 drives the leading drive carriage roller 10A upward (in the direction of arrow a) while rotating the leading drive carriage roller 10A upward (in the direction of arrow a). To run. When the drive carriage roller 10A hits the side surface of the load W, the load W is scooped up by the frictional force of the rotation, and the carriage 5 enters between the layers of the load W. Therefore, the luggage W above the layer is loaded on the carriage 5 as the carriage 5 travels (FIG. 17C).
At this time, the luggage W scooped up by the carriage 5 is sandwiched from all sides by the luggage four-way support means 11 and the upper surface is pressed by the upper surface pressing means 40. There is no collapse. As described above, since the package W is surrounded on all sides and pressed down from above, even if the luggage W has a shape that is high with respect to the depth or is picked up at a plurality of stages at the same time, it is possible to prevent the luggage from collapsing.
At the time of the scooping, the adhesive bonding between the layers of the load W is in a peeled state. If the peeling is not performed smoothly, the luggage W may try to move upward due to the reaction due to local sudden peeling or the like. The load W is prevented from being pressed from above.
[0028]
Of the support means in each direction constituting the luggage four-sided support means 11, the facing support member 14 is provided with the retreat portion 63 at the lower portion, and the luggage W is also provided by the retreat portion 63 until the carriage 5 approaches. I support. When the carriage 5 approaches, the retreat part 63 moves up and retreats, and the carriage 5 enters below the facing support member 14. Therefore, the luggage W can be supported to the bottom in response to the advancing input of the carriage 5 without hindering the operation of the carriage 5, and the displacement of the luggage W can be more reliably prevented.
[0029]
When the load 5 is scooped by the carriage 5, the load W, which is one layer below the scooping layer, is sandwiched by both or any one of the first and second clamping means 12 and 13. There is no collapse. In addition, it is prevented that the position and posture of the luggage W in the layer immediately below the scooping layer are disturbed and the entry of the carriage 5 is prevented, and smooth scooping is performed.
As shown in FIG. 14, the first clamping means 12 pushes the center or lower part of the baggage W, so that the baggage W contains contents w such as a bottle with a narrow mouth as shown in FIG. Therefore, even if there is a lot of space in the upper part, it is possible to push a place where the contents w of the baggage W are full. Therefore, even if the luggage W has a lot of space in the upper part and low rigidity such as a cardboard box, the luggage W can be securely gripped without being deformed by the clamping force, and the collapse of the luggage can be prevented. You can scoop up. In the case where the second clamp means 13 for pushing the vicinity of the upper end of the load W is used, the load can be pinched at a position immediately below the carriage 5, so that the collapse of the load due to the pinch by the clamp means can be more reliably prevented. . Further, when the first clamp means 12 for pressing the middle or lower part and the second clamp means 13 for pressing the upper part are used together as in this embodiment, the load W of various heights is surely secured. It is possible to prevent the collapse of the load and to scoop up. When the clamp selection control means 28 (FIG. 19) for selectively operating the first and second clamp means 12 and 13 in accordance with the load W located between the clamp means 12 and 13 is provided, It is possible to securely clamp the luggage W of the size and the type without damaging the luggage W with unnecessary clamps.
[0030]
Since the clamp members 12b and 13b on the entry side of the clamp means 12 and 13 are divided into a plurality of pieces, as shown in FIG. Also in the case where there is a gap d between them, as shown in FIG. 3B, the load W is clamped for each row by the divided clamp members 13ba, 13ba, and is clamped without a gap. Therefore, reliable clamping can be performed, and the carriage 5 can smoothly scoop the load W. Further, not only in the case where there is a gap between the loads W, but also in the case where the length of each row of the loads W is different, it is possible to reliably clamp the loads W by pressing the loads W in each row.
[0031]
The carriage 5 in FIG. 14 travels toward the step-down unit 1 to scoop up the load W, and is controlled at a high speed until contacted with the load W under the control of the carriage control means 27 (FIG. 19). After traveling and abutting, the vehicle travels at a speed according to the situation of the load W to be scooped. The status of the load W includes the number of layers, the stacking height, and the weight of the load W to be simultaneously scooped, the height of the load W in each layer, and the like.
As described above, the carriage 5 is caused to travel at a high speed until it comes into contact with the load W, and after the contact, the traveling speed is increased within a safe range according to the loading condition of the load W, thereby causing collapse of the load. In addition, the cycle time of reciprocation of the carriage 5 can be shortened, and the reloading efficiency can be improved.
The leading carriage roller 10A of the carriage 5 receives a large resistance when entering between the layers of the load W, and is likely to bend. However, since the carriage roller 10A is supported by the support roller 35 (FIGS. 6 and 7) in the middle part, Deflection is suppressed, and a plurality of layers of luggage W can be scooped up without any trouble without poor scooping due to the deflection of the carriage roller 10A.
[0032]
After the luggage W is scooped by the carriage 5 in this way, as shown in FIG. 18 (A), the facing support member 14 of the luggage four-way support means 11 retreats, the retreats the approach side support member 15, and opens upward. The pair of side support means 16 is opened, and the upper surface pressing means 40 is moved upward, and the carriage 5 moves backward to the stacking unit 2 side. In addition, the first and second clamping means 12 and 13 release the clamp by retreating the clamp members 12a, 13a, 12b and 13b on the facing side and the entrance side, and prepare for the next rise of the load W.
[0033]
When the carriage 5 travels to the predetermined position of the stacking unit 2, after the traveling is stopped, the luggage W on the carriage 5 is sandwiched back and forth by the shutter 18 and the stopper 17 of the wiping and aligning means 20, and a pair of side regulating members are provided. It is sandwiched left and right by the member 19 (FIG. 18B). In this state, the carriage 5 passes under the shutter 18 and travels to the step-down unit 1 side, so that the load W on the carriage 5 is stopped by the shutter 18 and is dropped off on the pallet P2.
While the carriage 5 is located on the stacking unit 2, in the step-down unit 1, the elevating platform device 7 raises the next arbitrary number of stages, and is higher than the carriage entrance height H as described above. Is supported by the baggage four-way support means 11 and the next lower package W is clamped by the first and second clamping means 12 and 13 to stand by. Therefore, when the carriage 5 travels to the step-down unit 1 side to remove the load W, by continuing to travel, the luggage W for the next one or more layers of the step-down unit 1 is Is picked up by the carriage 5 (FIG. 18C).
[0034]
In this way, the carriage 5 is reciprocated to take out a desired number of packages W of the pallet P1 of the step-down unit 1 and stack them on the pallet P2 of the stacking unit 2. At this time, according to the interlayer position selecting means 26 (FIG. 19) as described above, a plurality of packages W can be simultaneously scooped by the carriage 5, so that a large number of packages W can be efficiently placed between the pallets P1 and P2. Can be replaced. The excess luggage W of the step-down unit 1 is lowered from the elevator unit 7 onto the carry-in conveyor 6 together with the pallet P1, and is carried out from the subsequent conveyor (not shown).
In the repetition process described above, the carriage 5 is moved to the step-down section 1 by checking that the load W is above the carriage height H in the step-down section 1 by the load detecting means 62 (FIG. 10). Performed after detection. In this case, since the load detecting means 62 is provided in the four-sided baggage support unit 11, the load can be detected without the detection path being hindered by the four-sided baggage support unit 11.
[0035]
In the above-described embodiment, the stacking unit 2 uses the lifting / lowering device 9 as a loading platform and stacks the products on the pallet P2. However, the loading platform may be a conveyor, a cart, or the like.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The load processing device of the present invention is arranged such that the luggage of the layer one stage below the luggage lifted to the scooping height by the carriage at the step down unit is placed at the height of the center or lower part of the luggage of this layer, Since the first clamping means sandwiching in the traveling direction is provided, even if the luggage is a box having a lot of space in the upper part, the luggage of the next lower layer to be scooped can be securely grasped, preventing the collapse of the load and ensuring the scooping. Can be performed.
Also, steps A second clamping means is provided for sandwiching the luggage of the layer one stage below the luggage lifted to the scooping height by the carriage at the lowering unit at the upper position of the luggage in the layer in the traveling direction of the carriage. Was For Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the collapse of the cargo and to scoop up the cargo of various heights.
In the case where the clamp selection control means for selectively operating the first clamp means and the second clamp means in accordance with the load located between the clamp means is provided, for loads of various heights, The baggage can be securely held without damaging the load.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a load processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same-load processing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the same-load processing apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a relationship between a frame and a carriage in the same-load processing apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the carriage.
FIG. 6A is a partially enlarged plan view of a carriage, and FIG. 6B is a partially enlarged cutaway side view of the carriage.
FIG. 7 is a partially broken enlarged plan view showing a relationship between a leading carriage roller of a carriage and a supporting roller thereof.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a facing-side support member of the baggage four-way support means and a facing-side clamp member of the second clamp means.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a facing-side support member of the baggage four-way support means and a facing-side clamp member of the second clamp means.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a facing-side support member of the baggage four-way support means and a facing-side clamp member of the second clamp means.
FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway plan view showing first and second clamping means.
FIG. 12 is a cutaway side view showing a pair of side support members of the baggage support means and a part of a frame.
FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of a four-way support means for luggage.
FIG. 14 is a front view showing a support member on the opposite side of the four-sided support means, first and second clamping means, and upper surface pressing means.
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the four-way luggage support means.
FIG. 16 is an operation explanatory view of the second clamp means.
FIG. 17 is an operation explanatory view showing the entire operation of the load processing device.
FIG. 18 is an operation explanatory view showing an operation subsequent to FIG. 17 of the load processing device.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a conceptual configuration of a control system of the load processing device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Step down section
2 ... Stack section
3. Body frame
4 ... Rail
5 ... carriage
6 ... Conveying conveyor
7. Elevating platform device
9 ... Elevating platform (loading platform)
10. Carriage roller
11 ... Luggage four-way support means
12... First clamping means
12a ... facing side clamp member
12b ... entry side clamp member
13: second clamping means
13a: Clamping member on the opposite side
13b ... entry side clamp member
14: Facing support member
15 Entry side support member
16 Side support members
20: Alignment means
22, 23 ... lifting drive
25 ... Load handling device control device
26 ... interlayer position selection means
27. Carriage control means
28 ... Clamp selection control means
35 ... Support roller
40 ... Top holding means
62 ... Load detection means
63 ... evacuation unit
80 ... Presser drive source
H: Carriage entry height
W ... Luggage

Claims (2)

荷物を段積み状態に載せる昇降台装置を有する段降し部と、この段降し部に並設されて荷積台を有する段積み部と、前記段降し部の昇降台装置と段積み部の荷積台の上方間を往復走行可能に設けられ、かつ前記段降し部側への走行に伴って前記段降し部に段積みされている荷物の層間に進入して荷物を掬い上げ可能な往復台とを備えた荷処理装置において、前記段降し部で往復台により掬う高さに持ち上げた荷物の1段下の層の荷物を、この層の荷物の中央ないし下部の高さ位置で、往復台の進行方向に挟む第1のクランプ手段を設け、前記段降し部で往復台により掬う高さに持ち上げた荷物の1段下の層の荷物を、この層の荷物の上部の高さ位置で、往復台の進行方向に挟む第2のクランプ手段を設けたことを特徴とする荷処理装置。A loading / unloading unit having a lifting / lowering device for loading packages in a stacked state, a loading / unloading unit having a loading platform arranged in parallel with the loading / unloading unit, and loading / unloading the lifting / lowering device of the loading / unloading unit Is provided so as to be able to reciprocate above the loading platform of the section, and enters between the layers of the articles stacked in the step-down section along with traveling to the step-down section side to scoop the articles. In the cargo handling apparatus having a liftable carriage, the luggage of the layer one stage below the luggage lifted to the height of scooping by the carriage at the step-down unit is moved from the center to the lower part of the luggage of this layer. in the position, set the first clamping means which sandwich the traveling direction of the carriage only, the luggage layer one step below the load lifted to a height scooping the carriage in the stepped drop-off unit, luggage of this layer A second clamping means for sandwiching the carriage in a traveling direction of the carriage at a height position of an upper part of the carriage . 前記第1のクランプ手段および第2のクランプ手段を、これらクランプ手段で挟む位置にある荷物に応じて選択的に作動させるクランプ選択制御手段を設けた請求項1記載の荷処理装置。2. The load processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a clamp selection control unit that selectively operates the first clamp unit and the second clamp unit in accordance with a load located between the clamp units.
JP2000115262A 2000-04-17 2000-04-17 Load handling equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3589611B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000115262A JP3589611B2 (en) 2000-04-17 2000-04-17 Load handling equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publication Number Publication Date
JP2001301967A JP2001301967A (en) 2001-10-31
JP3589611B2 true JP3589611B2 (en) 2004-11-17

Family

ID=18626945

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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