JP3586848B2 - Contactless data carrier - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for IC cards such as ID cards, commuter passes, and prepaid cards, and reads data from a built-in memory by non-contact (for example, electromagnetic induction, optical, or radio wave) data communication with the outside. And a non-contact data carrier capable of rewriting data.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, as this kind of non-contact type data carrier, for example, a type having a built-in IC chip is known. This IC chip includes a CPU, a mask ROM, a RAM, and various peripheral elements, and also includes an electrically rewritable electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) (instead of an EEPROM, a non-rewritable EEPROM). A PROM may be provided). The IC chip is sealed with a vinyl chloride or resin mold or the like.
[0003]
Further, as this kind of non-contact type data carrier, there is also known a non-contact type data carrier in which a device in which an EEPROM or a PROM is combined with a dedicated IC in which a logic circuit is constituted by a gate array is incorporated.
[0004]
These non-contact data carriers do not have a data input / output connection terminal for data transmission / reception with the outside, and by electromagnetic communication, data communication using light, radio waves, or the like, that is, in a non-contact manner, Data input / output with the outside. As described above, the non-contact data carrier is less affected by water, dust, static electricity, and the like because of non-contact data communication, and is excellent in environmental resistance.
[0005]
In addition, compared to a contact type IC card (or a magnetic card) that needs to be brought into contact with a connection terminal or a magnetic head, an IC card having a non-contact type data carrier (hereinafter, this IC card is referred to as a non-contact type IC card) In this case, the trouble of inserting the IC card into the card writing / reading device (reader / writer) can be omitted, and the contactless IC card can be operated simply by holding the contactless IC card over the reader / writer dedicated to the contactless IC card. Therefore, operability is improved.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The circuit configuration of a non-contact data carrier varies depending on the communication system, modulation / demodulation system, data configuration, application, and the like. In addition, a space is limited by an external shape such as a card size and a coin size, and electronic components must be stored (built-in) in the limited space. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve high integration of electronic components and to reduce the size of the IC. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a built-in IC exclusively. In other words, the application range of the non-contact type data carrier having the built-in dedicated IC once developed is limited.
[0007]
For example, if a dedicated IC that reads and rewrites stored data in combination with an EEPROM is used, this non-contact type data carrier is suitable for applications that require data rewriting such as prepaid cards and point cards. Although there is no inconvenience, in applications such as read-only ID cards that do not require data rewriting from a security point of view, use of a non-contact type data carrier with a built-in IC having a rewriting function is basically a security measure. Causes inconvenience.
[0008]
In addition, when performing data encryption processing, only the algorithm provided in the dedicated IC can be used, and as a result, it cannot be changed according to the application. That is, it is necessary to develop a new dedicated IC.
[0009]
As described above, the conventional non-contact type data carrier is excellent in environment resistance and operability, but its function is limited to the dedicated IC because the application range depends on the dedicated IC. There is a problem that is poor.
[0010]
An object of the present invention is to provide a contactless data carrier that can be used for a plurality of applications without impairing a security function.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, there is provided a non-contact type including a memory means for storing data, reading the data in response to a read command from an external read / write device, and writing data in the memory means in response to a write command. In the data carrier, predetermined data is stored in a predetermined storage area of the memory means, and when power is supplied, it is detected whether the predetermined data is stored in the storage area. When the predetermined data is stored in the storage area, a function setting mode is set, a function setting permission signal of a predetermined pattern is received, and a function selection is performed when the pattern of the function setting permission signal matches a predetermined pattern. First means for permitting command input; receiving the function selection command and converting the predetermined data into a plurality of functions in response to the function selection command; A second means for rewriting the function setting data indicating one of the plurality of functions, and a third means for performing an operation of only a function specified by the function setting data among the plurality of functions. A contact-type data carrier is obtained. Then, when performing the function setting, a function selection device that provides the function setting permission signal to the first means and provides the function setting command to the second means is connected to the non-contact data carrier.
[0012]
In the present invention, when performing the function setting, the function selection device is connected to the non-contact data carrier, and when power is supplied from the function selection device, the function setting mode is set when predetermined data is stored in the storage area. A function setting permission signal of a predetermined pattern (for example, a bit pattern of 4 bits or 8 bits) is received from the function selection device, and when the pattern of the function setting permission signal matches the predetermined pattern, the function from the function selection device is output. Allow input of selection commands. Then, the predetermined data is rewritten to function setting data indicating one of the plurality of functions according to the function selection command. Thereafter, the operation of only the function specified by the function setting data among the plurality of functions is performed. As described above, since only the function specified by the function setting data is operated, one non-contact data carrier can be used for a plurality of uses (functions). In this case, since the function can be selected only once by the function selection command, the security function is not impaired.
[0013]
That is, if a single dedicated IC in which a plurality of processing programs are input is developed in advance, a non-contact data carrier dedicated to the selected application can be obtained only by setting the functions according to the application. In addition, since the function selection data once stored is not rewritable, the security function is not impaired.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
Referring to FIG. 1, the illustrated non-contact data carrier is used for, for example, an IC card. In this embodiment, data communication is performed by electromagnetic induction with an external dedicated reader / writer (not shown). When performing data communication, power (electric power) is also supplied from the external dedicated reader / writer by electromagnetic induction. Shall be.
[0016]
The non-contact type data carrier includes a coil 1 and a dedicated IC 30. The dedicated IC 30 is mounted together with the coil 1 on a thin substrate (not shown). It is formed into a predetermined shape with resin or the like.
[0017]
The illustrated dedicated IC 30 includes a CPU 7 and a mask ROM 9, a RAM 10, and an EEPROM 11. A plurality of control programs corresponding to various applications (various functions) are stored in the mask ROM 9 in advance, and the RAM 10 is used for control processing as described later. The EEPROM 11 is used as a memory for storing external data.
[0018]
Further, the dedicated IC 30 includes a power supply circuit 2, a modulation circuit 3, a demodulation circuit 4, a serial communication switching circuit 5, a serial communication control circuit 6, and a function selection permission input circuit 8.
[0019]
When reading data or the like, power generated in the coil 1 by electromagnetic induction from an external dedicated reader / writer is supplied to the dedicated IC 30 and rectified and stabilized by the power supply circuit 2. Although not explicitly shown, the dedicated IC 30, that is, each block of the dedicated IC 30 operates by stable power from the power supply circuit 2.
[0020]
A command is sent from the external dedicated reader / writer to the contactless data carrier as a frequency modulated signal. This frequency modulation signal is supplied to the demodulation circuit 4 via the coil 1 and demodulated here and supplied as a demodulation command to the serial communication control circuit 6 via the serial communication switching circuit 5, where the demodulation command is converted into a parallel signal. After the conversion, it is given to the CPU 7.
[0021]
Commands sent from the external dedicated reader / writer to the contactless data carrier include, for example, a read command and a write command. The write command is followed by write data.
[0022]
When receiving the demodulation command (that is, the parallel signal), the CPU 7 interprets the demodulation command according to the control program specified by the function setting data set as described later among the plurality of control programs stored in the mask ROM 9. I do. This demodulation command is stored in the RAM 10 as needed.
[0023]
The CPU 7 executes a process according to the interpretation command. That is, read processing or rewrite processing (write processing) is performed. For example, at the time of the reading process, the CPU 7 reads the content (data) of the address specified by the read command from the EEPROM 11. This read data may be temporarily stored in the RAM 10. Then, the read data (parallel data) is given from the CPU 7 to the serial communication control circuit 6. The serial communication control circuit 6 converts the read data into serial data and supplies the serial data to the modulation circuit 3 via the serial communication switching circuit 5. The modulation circuit 3 modulates the serial data into a frequency modulation signal and supplies the frequency modulation signal to the external dedicated reader / writer via the coil 1.
[0024]
On the other hand, in the writing process, after the CPU 7 temporarily stores the write data following the write command in the RAM 10, the CPU 7 writes the write data to the EEPROM 9 at the address specified by the write command.
[0025]
Referring to FIG. 2 as well, in the illustrated example, in the EEPROM 11, for example, an address “00H” is designated as a function setting data storage area. When performing the function setting, a function selection setting device shown in FIG. 2 is used. The illustrated function selection setting device includes a serial communication circuit 15, a power supply circuit 16, and a function selection permission signal setting circuit 17. The serial communication circuit 15 includes a serial communication input / output terminal 18 and a PC (personal computer) connection terminal 21, and the power supply circuit 16 includes a power output terminal 19. Further, the function selection permission signal setting circuit 17 has a function selection permission output terminal 20.
[0026]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the dedicated IC is provided with a function selection permission input circuit 8, and the function selection permission input circuit 8 is provided with a function selection permission input terminal 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the serial communication switching circuit 5 is provided with a serial communication input / output terminal 12, and the power supply circuit 2 is provided with a power input terminal 14. Specifically, the function selection permission input terminal 13, the serial communication input / output terminal 12, and the power supply input terminal 14 are provided on a board on which the dedicated IC 30 is mounted.
[0027]
When the function setting of the dedicated IC 30 is performed, the function selection permission input terminal 13, the serial communication input / output terminal 12, and the power supply input terminal 14 are respectively connected to the function selection permission output terminal 20, the serial communication input / output terminal 18, and the power supply output terminal. 19 is connected. In the illustrated example, circular patterns using copper foil are used as the function selection permission input terminal 13, the serial communication input / output terminal 12, and the power supply input terminal 14 on the board, and the function selection permission output terminal 20, the serial communication input terminal As the output terminal 18 and the power output terminal 19, pin-shaped terminals made of a conductive metal are used. The connection was performed by pressing these pin-shaped terminals against the terminals on the substrate. Thus, power is supplied from the power supply circuit 16 to the power supply circuit 2, and each block of the dedicated IC 30 becomes operable.
[0028]
Here, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, when the function selection setting device shown in FIG. 2 is connected to the dedicated IC 30 as described above, power is supplied from the power supply circuit 16 to the dedicated IC 30, Thus, when the CPU 7 is started, the initialization of the peripheral elements (each unit) and the like is performed, and each unit becomes operable (step s1).
[0029]
Next, the CPU 7 reads the data at the address “00H” which is the function selection area of the EEPROM 11 (step s2). Then, the CPU 7 checks whether or not this data is predetermined data "FFH" (step s3). In the initial state in which no rewriting is performed, all address data in the EEPROM 11 indicates “FFH”, whereby the CPU 7 can determine whether or not the EEPROM 11 has been rewritten. Therefore, if the content of the address "00H" is "FFH", the CPU 7 determines that the function has not been selected, and shifts the processing to the function selection routine (function selection mode).
[0030]
The function selection permission signal setting circuit 17 supplies a function selection permission signal having a predetermined bit pattern (for example, a 4-bit pattern excluding “1111”) to the function selection permission input circuit 8. Upon transition to the routine, the CPU 7 receives a function selection permission signal from the function selection permission input circuit 8 (step s4).
[0031]
The function selection permission input terminal 13 is pulled up in the function selection permission circuit 8, and when the function selection permission input terminal 13 is in a non-connection state, the function selection permission input circuit 8 has a bit pattern “1111”. Will be given. When the bit pattern is "1111", the CPU 7 determines that the connection is not normal, that is, the function selection setting device is in the non-connection state.
[0032]
Upon receiving the function selection permission signal, the CPU 7 reads out a bit pattern (hereinafter referred to as a set value) stored in advance in the mask ROM 9 (step s5), and determines the bit pattern of the function selection permission signal and the set bit pattern (set value). (Step s6). When the bit pattern of the function selection permission signal matches the set value, the CPU 7 waits for reception of a function setting command (step s7). At this time, the CPU 7 controls the serial communication switching circuit 5 to make the serial communication input / output terminal 12 valid. On the other hand, if the bit pattern of the function selection permission signal does not match the set value, the CPU 7 determines that the operation is an illegal operation and ends the process.
[0033]
As described above, when the serial communication input / output terminal 12 is enabled, communication between the CPU 7 and the serial communication circuit 15 becomes possible. For example, a personal computer (not shown) is connected to the PC connection terminal 21, and a function setting command (including function selection data) is given to the CPU 7 from the personal computer through serial communication.
[0034]
When the CPU 7 receives the function setting command, it checks (checks) the validity of the command (step s8), and if there is no abnormality, writes the function selection data specified by the function setting command to the address "00H" of the EEPROM 11 (step s8). Step s9). Thus, the function selection processing ends. On the other hand, when determining that the function setting command is invalid, the CPU 7 ends the processing.
[0035]
As described above, in the restart after the function setting is performed, the CPU 7 does not receive the function setting command. That is, once the CPU 7 receives the function setting command, it does not receive the function setting command again.
[0036]
Here, assuming that the read / write function and the read-only function can be selected as the function selection, when setting the read / write function, for example, the address “00H” of the EEPROM 11 is set as “function setting data” as the function setting data. 00H ”is set. On the other hand, when setting the read-only function, “01H” is set as the function setting data at the address “00H” of the EEPROM 11.
[0037]
Therefore, if the content of the address "00H" is not "FFH", the CPU 7 next checks whether or not the data of the address "00H" is "00H" (step s10). In response to the command, the CPU 7 executes a read / write processing routine of the mask ROM 9 (step s11). That is, the CPU 7 has a reading and writing function.
[0038]
On the other hand, if the data at the address “00H” is not “00H”, the CPU 7 next checks whether or not the data at the address “00H” is “01H” (step s12). In this case, it is always "01H"), and then the CPU 7 executes a read-only function processing routine of the mask ROM 9 in response to the command (step s13). That is, the CPU 7 has a read-only function.
[0039]
When the read and write functions are set in this way, reading and writing can be performed to the designated address of the EEPROM 11, while when the read-only function is set, the specified address of the EEPROM 11 can be read and written. Read only. As a result, when the read-only function is selected, the rewriting function of the EEPROM 11 is substantially eliminated, and a PROM that cannot perform an electrical writing operation is built in.
[0040]
Although not shown, when the read-only function is set, data such as an ID is written into the EEPROM 11 at an address other than the address “00H” only once.
[0041]
In the above embodiment, the non-contact type data carrier in which the read / write function and the read function can be set has been described. However, if the capacity of the mask ROM is large, other functions can be added. In addition, a plurality of function setting data storage areas may be provided and, for example, functions such as encryption processing may be combined and selected.
[0042]
Also, a plurality of bit patterns of the function selection permission input signal are prepared, and a plurality of functions can be set according to each bit pattern. Further, when selecting a function, by appropriately applying a combination with serial communication, security can be further enhanced.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, if one dedicated IC in which a plurality of processing programs are input is developed in advance, then only the function setting according to the application is performed and the non-contact type data dedicated to the setting application is used. There is an effect that a carrier can be obtained. In addition, since the function selection data once stored is not rewritable, it does not impair the security function.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a contactless data carrier according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a function setting selecting device used when setting functions on the non-contact data carrier shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the non-contact type data carrier shown in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coil 2, 16 Power supply circuit 3 Modulation circuit 4 Demodulation circuit 5 Serial communication switching circuit 6 Serial communication control circuit 7 CPU
8 Function selection permission input circuit 9 Mask ROM
10 RAM
11 EEPROM
15 Serial communication circuit 17 Function selection permission signal setting circuit

Claims (3)

A non-contact type data carrier for storing data in accordance with a read command from an external read / write device, and for writing data in the memory in response to a write command; Predetermined data is stored in a predetermined storage area of the means, and when power is supplied, whether or not the predetermined data is stored in the storage area is detected, and the predetermined data is stored in the storage area. When the data is stored, a function setting mode is set, a function setting permission signal having a predetermined pattern is received, and when the pattern of the function setting permission signal matches a predetermined pattern, input of a function selection command is permitted. A first means for receiving the function selection command and displaying the predetermined data as one of a plurality of functions in accordance with the function selection command; Contactless data carrier, characterized in that it comprises second means for rewriting the setting data, and a third means for performing an operation of only the function specified in the function setting data of the plurality of functions. 2. The function selection device according to claim 1, wherein, when setting a function, the function selection device that gives the function setting permission signal to the first means and gives the function setting command to the second means. A non-contact type data carrier connected to the first and second means. 3. The non-contact data carrier according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of functions are a read / write function and a read-only function.

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