JP3585670B2 - Opening / closing device for switching body using DC motor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an opening and closing device for an opening and closing body using a DC motor that opens and closes an opening and closing body such as a shutter using a DC motor as a drive source.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An opening and closing body such as a shutter is driven to open and close by a motor of a driving source.
For this shutter, a method of fixing a rotating shaft of a motor by an electromagnetic brake after opening and closing or when stopping halfway is often used.
On the other hand, in a spring-balanced shutter that is often used for a window shutter or the like, a spring is attached to a winding wheel of the shutter, so that a shutter curtain is balanced.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As the spring of the spring balance type shutter, a spring having a spring force that balances the weight of the shutter curtain is used, but it is difficult to always stabilize the balance due to the variation in the spring force.
If the balance is not balanced, when the shutter curtain stops halfway, it moves in the closing direction when the own weight of the shutter curtain is heavier, and jumps up in the opening direction when the spring force is stronger.
[0004]
In addition, the electromagnetic brake can be stopped by a braking force, but has a special configuration and increases costs.
The electromagnetic brake is configured to release the brake during operation of the motor, and to operate the brake during stop and non-energization. Therefore, a special release mechanism for manual opening and closing such as in an emergency during stop is required.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to provide an opening / closing device for a switching body using a DC motor that can hold a stopped state of the switching body with a simple configuration. .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an opening / closing device for an opening / closing body using a DC motor according to the present invention includes:
An opening / closing body that is a spring-balanced shutter that uses a spring for the take-up shaft and the weight of the shutter curtain is balanced.
A DC motor M connected to the opening and closing mechanism of the opening and closing body;
A short-circuit switch 7 connected between the power supply terminals 6a and 6b of the DC motor M and whose contacts can be freely opened and closed;
A short-circuit control unit 8 for controlling to close the short-circuit switch 7 for a predetermined time T after the power supply is stopped after the DC motor M is driven;
With
The predetermined time T set in the short-circuit control unit 8 is set based on an inertia force after the DC motor M is stopped and a load from an opening / closing body, and based on an opening / closing characteristic obtained in consideration of the spring for balancing. And the DC motor M is set to be slightly longer than the time corresponding to canceling the inertial force to keep rotating even after the power supply is stopped,
An open / close switch 3 provided in the operation unit for switching the current direction based on the open / close operation of the open / close switch for rotating the DC motor M forward or reverse, and supplying / cutting DC power to the DC motor M via the open / close switch 3. After the DC motor M is driven with the power switch 2 closed, the T short-circuit switch 7 is closed for a predetermined time immediately after the power switch 2 is opened.
[0007]
Further, when the upper limit position of the opening / closing body is detected by the detecting means, the short circuit may be performed for the predetermined time T.
[0008]
When the power supply to the DC motor M is stopped to stop the opening and closing of the shutter that is the opening and closing body, the stop is detected by the short circuit control unit 8, and the short circuit control unit 8 closes the short circuit switch 7 for a predetermined time T.
As a result, the power supply terminals 6a and 6b of the DC motor M are short-circuited, and the voltage (current) generated by the inertia of the rotational force is rapidly consumed in the closed loop formed by the short-circuit switch 8, and the iron core of the DC motor M A magnetic force is generated in the motor so as to fix the iron core in a direction that balances the magnetic force of the magnet, and the DC motor M stops in this direction.
Since the rotating shaft of the DC motor M is stable in this stopped state, it is stably positioned at the position where the opening / closing member stops. In other words, the stopped state can be maintained without jumping in the closing or opening direction at the open / close position at the time of stop. This works particularly effectively when stopped at a position where it is difficult to achieve balance with a spring-balanced shutter.
Then, after the DC motor M stops, the short-circuit switch 7 is opened after the short-circuit time T has elapsed and the brake is released. Therefore, if a force for manually opening and closing the shutter directly after the release is applied, the DC motor M is also turned off. It rotates in conjunction with it. Therefore, this can be performed when it is desired to directly open and close the shutter in an emergency or the like.
Further, when the upper limit position of the shutter is detected by the detecting means, the short-circuit controller 8 short-circuits the short-circuit switch 7 for the short-circuit time T in the same manner as described above, so that quick stop control at this upper-limit position can be performed. become. Thus, for example, unnecessary force is not applied to the shutter case opening at the upper limit position, and damage to both the shutter and the building side can be prevented.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
The DC power is supplied / cut off via the power switch 2 of the device 1 and supplied to the DC motor M via the open / close switches 3 (3a, 3b).
The open / close switches 3a and 3b are interlocked with each other, and switch the current direction of the DC motor M with respect to the power supply terminals 6a and 6b to rotate the DC motor M forward or reverse.
[0010]
A reduction gear 5 for reducing the speed at a predetermined ratio is connected to a rotation shaft of the DC motor M, and a winding wheel of a shutter is connected via the reduction gear 5.
A slat suspension is attached to the winding wheel, and the shutter moves up / down in response to switching of the open / close switch 3.
[0011]
In this device 1, a short-circuit switch 7 is provided between the power terminals 6a and 6b of the DC motor M.
The short-circuit switch 7 is configured by a relay contact, and is opened / closed by the operation of a drive relay provided in the short-circuit control unit 8.
[0012]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the internal structure of the DC motor M.
At both ends of the coil 11 rotating between the N-pole and S-pole permanent magnets 10a and 10b, commutator pieces 12a and 12b are provided, respectively, and lead to terminals 7a and 7b via fixed brushes 13a and 13b. Have been.
The coil 11 is wound around an iron core, which rotates. When the coil 11 is stopped, the state where the permanent magnets 10a and 10b are positioned in the direction of the magnetic flux and stop is the most stable.
[0013]
The short-circuit control unit 8 controls to close the short-circuit switch 7 for a predetermined time immediately after the power supply to the DC motor M is cut off or stopped.
Specifically, after the DC motor M is driven with the power switch 2 and the open / close switch 3 closed, the short circuit switch 7 is closed immediately after the power switch 2 is opened.
[0014]
FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the state of power supply to the DC motor M and the closing timing of the short-circuit switch 7.
2A is a diagram showing the open / closed state of the power switch 2, FIG. 2B is a diagram showing the open / closed state of the open / close switch 3, and FIG.
As shown in these figures, in any case of opening and closing the shutter, the short-circuit switch 2 is closed for the short-circuit time T immediately after the opening and closing are stopped.
[0015]
Even after the supply of current is stopped, the DC motor M has an inertial force acting to keep rotating due to the shutter load and the inertia of the DC motor M itself.
If the DC motor M tries to continue rotating after the supply of the current is stopped, a voltage is generated in the coil in a direction to cancel the magnetic force of the magnet.
At this time, since the short-circuit switch 8 is closed for the short-circuit time T, the generated voltage (current) is rapidly consumed in the closed loop formed by the short-circuit switch 8.
As a result, a magnetic force is generated in the iron core, and a force (braking force) for fixing the iron core in a direction that balances the magnetic force of the magnet is generated, and the DC motor M stops in this direction.
At this time, the power supply can be stopped in a shorter time than when the power supply is simply stopped.
[0016]
The short-circuit time T is set to be slightly longer than the time corresponding to canceling the inertial force for continuing the rotation due to the shutter load or the inertia of the DC motor M itself.
When a spring is used for the width of the shutter, the size of the height, etc., the specification of the DC motor M, and the winding shaft of the shutter, the value differs depending on the opening / closing characteristics obtained in consideration of the spring for balancing. Is set in advance.
[0017]
Thereafter, even if the short-circuit switch 8 is opened, the rotating shaft is stopped at a position where the magnetic force of the magnet acts most, so that the force to be held is stabilized and the braking force is stabilized.
Thereby, even after the DC motor M stops, the stop position can be stably held. For this reason, the stop state can be maintained without jumping in the closing direction or the opening direction at the open / close position at the time of stop. This works particularly effectively when stopped at a position where it is difficult to achieve balance with a spring-balanced shutter.
[0018]
After the DC motor M is stopped, the short-circuit switch 8 is opened after the short-circuit time T has elapsed and the brake is released. Therefore, if a force for manually opening and closing the shutter directly after the release is applied, the DC motor M Also rotates in conjunction with it.
For this reason, according to the present invention, this can be performed when it is desired to directly open and close the shutter in an emergency or the like.
[0019]
Further, the power switch 2 and the open / close switch 3 may be configured by relay contacts, and the short-circuit control unit 8 may be configured to control opening and closing of these relay contacts by a drive relay. At this time, the drive relay is turned on and off based on the push / pull operation of each open / close / stop push button switch provided on the operation unit (not shown). The relays are operated, and at the time of a stop operation, these relays are configured to be in an inactive state.
[0020]
Further, the stop after the opening and closing of the shutter is also caused when the shutter reaches the upper limit or the lower limit, in addition to the opening and closing operation.
Therefore, when the upper and lower limit positions of these shutters are detected by detection means such as limit switches, the short-circuit controller 8 short-circuits the short-circuit switch 7 for the short-circuit time T in the same manner. Quick stop control at the lower limit position can be performed.
As a result, unnecessary force is not applied between the opening of the shutter case at the upper limit position and the drainer at the lower limit position, and damage to both the shutter and the building can be prevented.
[0021]
In the above-described embodiment, the shutter has been described as an example of the opening and closing body. However, the invention is not limited to this, and the blind and the door can be applied to the opening and closing as long as the opening and closing are controlled by a DC motor.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a short-circuit switch is provided between the power supply terminals of the DC motor that opens and closes the open-close body, and the short-circuit switch is closed for a predetermined time when power supply is stopped after the open-close operation, so that the state when the open-close body is stopped is stabilized. , Which can be configured simply and at low cost.
The predetermined time set in the short-circuit control unit is set based on an inertia force after the DC motor is stopped and a load from an opening / closing body, and is set based on an opening / closing characteristic obtained in consideration of the spring for balancing. Since the DC motor is set to be slightly longer than the time corresponding to canceling the inertial force that tries to continue rotating even after the power supply is stopped, even if the short-circuit switch is opened thereafter, the magnetic force of the magnet is the highest. Since the rotating shaft is stopped at the position where the force acts greatly, the force to be held is stable and the braking force is stabilized.
As a result, even after the DC motor stops, the stop position can be stably held. For this reason, the stop state can be maintained without jumping in the closing direction or the opening direction at the open / close position at the time of stop. This works particularly effectively when stopped at a position where it is difficult to achieve balance with a spring-balanced shutter.
After the DC motor stops in this way, the short-circuit switch is released after the short-circuit time has elapsed and the brake is released, so if a force for manually opening and closing the shutter directly after this release is applied, the DC motor also interlocks. Rotate. For this reason, according to the present invention, this can be performed when it is desired to directly open and close the shutter in an emergency or the like.
Further, the stop after the shutter is opened and closed also occurs when the shutter reaches the upper limit in addition to the above-described opening and closing operation.
For this reason, when the upper limit position of these shutters is detected by detection means such as a limit switch, the short-circuit control unit similarly short-circuits the short-circuit switch for the short-circuit time, thereby promptly controlling the stop at the upper limit position. Can be performed.
Thus, for example, unnecessary force is not applied to the shutter case opening at the upper limit position, and damage to both the shutter and the building side can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an opening / closing device for an opening / closing body using a DC motor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the inside of a DC motor.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are timing charts showing the open / closed state of a switch for opening and closing a shutter, respectively.
(C) is a timing chart showing the open / closed state of the short-circuit switch.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 power switch, 3 open / close switch, 5 speed reducer, 6a, 6b power terminal, 7 short circuit switch, 8 short circuit control unit.

Claims (2)

An opening / closing body that is a spring-balanced shutter that uses a spring for the take-up shaft and the weight of the shutter curtain is balanced.
A DC motor coupled to the opening and closing mechanism of the closing body,
A short-circuit switch that is connected between power supply terminals of the DC motor and whose contacts can be freely opened and closed;
A short-circuit control unit that performs control to close the short-circuit switch for a predetermined time from when power supply is stopped after the driving of the DC motor,
Equipped with,
The predetermined time set in the short-circuit control unit is set based on an opening / closing characteristic obtained in consideration of the spring for balancing, based on an inertial force after the DC motor is stopped and a load from an opening / closing body. The DC motor is set to be slightly longer than the time corresponding to canceling the inertial force that tries to continue rotating even after the power supply is stopped,
An opening / closing switch provided in the operation unit for switching the direction of current based on the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing and for rotating the DC motor forward or backward; and a power switch for supplying / cutting DC power to the DC motor via the opening / closing switch. Wherein the short-circuit switch is closed for a predetermined time immediately after the power switch is opened after the DC motor is driven in a closed state . 2. The opening / closing device for an opening / closing body using a DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the short circuit is performed for the predetermined time even when the upper limit position of the opening / closing body is detected by a detection unit.

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