JP3584601B2 - Method for stabilizing N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide - Google Patents

Method for stabilizing N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide Download PDF

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JP3584601B2
JP3584601B2 JP05296596A JP5296596A JP3584601B2 JP 3584601 B2 JP3584601 B2 JP 3584601B2 JP 05296596 A JP05296596 A JP 05296596A JP 5296596 A JP5296596 A JP 5296596A JP 3584601 B2 JP3584601 B2 JP 3584601B2
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Prior art keywords
vinylformamide
group
unsaturated carbonyl
acid amide
alkyl
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JP05296596A
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JPH09249627A (en
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眞一 佐藤
孝博 押田
洋 泉川
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Dia Nitrix Co Ltd
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Dia Nitrix Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの安定化方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの精製、移動、貯蔵などの取り扱いにおいて、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの損失を防止する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドは、一般式
【0003】
【化3】
CH=CHNHCOR
(式中、Rは水素原子またはアルキル基を表す。)
で示され、N−ビニルアミドあるいはN−ビニルアシルアミドとも呼ばれている重合性に富む化合物であり、単独で重合させるか又は他のビニル化合物と共重合させて、種々の特性を有する重合物を得ることができる。この重合物を加水分解してそのアミド基を1級アミノ基に転換して得られるポリビニルアミン等の水溶性ポリマーの原料、あるいは有機薬品の中間体として有用であることが知られている。
【0004】
このN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドは反応性に富む物質であり、容易に分解または重合し、損失される。また、加熱により熱重合せしめたときの重合体は、多くの場合不溶不融の架橋物を与え、装置の閉塞などを引き起こす。このため、製造工程ならびに貯蔵の際の安定化法として、種々の方法が提案されているが、N−ビニルアミドに安定化剤を添加する方法が最も一般的である。
【0005】
安定化剤としては、ラジカル重合禁止剤としての性質を有する置換フェノール類、芳香族アミン類、ハイドロキノン類等の使用が提案されている(特開昭61−236757、特開平2ー270846、特開平6ー122660等)。また、特開平6ー41034号公報には、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの安定化に効果のあるビニル化合物として酢酸ビニル、アクリロニトリル、N−ビニルピロリドン等が例示されている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、置換フェノール類、芳香族アミン類、ハイドロキノン類等の安定化剤においては、蒸留時における熱重合の防止に使用する際、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドとともに溜出してしまったり、蒸留塔内での均一な分布を達成することが困難であるなどにより、効果が不十分であるという問題がある。また、これらの化合物は、毒性が強かったり、着色している場合が多く、移動または貯蔵の際の安定化剤として用いた場合に、製品の品質を損なうことがある。
【0007】
一方、前記の特開平6ー41034号公報で示されている化合物を用いて有効な安定化効果を得るためには、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドと同量前後といった大量の添加量を必要とし、高純度のN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドを得るためには再度の精製が不可欠であり、実用的とは言いがたい。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、以上の問題点に鑑み、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの精製、移動、貯蔵などの取り扱いにおいて、分解または重合による損失の抑制に有効なN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの新規安定化方法について鋭意検討を行った結果、β位に少なくとも一つ置換基を持つような特定α,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物が、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの安定化に顕著な効果があることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
【0009】
即ち、本発明は、N−ビニルホルムアルデヒドに、下記の式(1)で表されるα、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を添加することを特徴とするN−ビニルホルムアミドの安定化方法に存する。
【0010】

Figure 0003584601
(式(1)において、R1は水素原子、アルキル基又はアルコキシ基、R2はアルキル基、アルケニル基又はアリール基、R3,R4は水素原子又はアルキル基を表す。)
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。本発明で安定化の対象となるN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの製造方法は特に限定されない。その製造方法としては、N−(α−アルコキシエチル)ホルムアミドからアルコールを脱離させる方法(米国特許明細書3,914,304号)、ホルミルアラニンニトリルからシアン化水素を脱離させる方法(特開昭61−134359)、及び、エチレンビスホルムアミドあるいはエチリデンビスアセトアミドを熱分解する方法(米国特許第4,018,826号、同4,490,557号、同4,578,515号)などがある。これらの方法は、いずれも、減圧下、100℃以上の高温で熱分解して、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドを得るものである。N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドは、通常、該熱分解混合液より蒸留により、通常80重量%以上の純度の粗N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドが回収される。また、本発明で安定化の対象となるN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドは以上のような粗製品でもよいし、精製品であってもよい。即ち、本発明で用いる安定剤は、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの製造工程において、熱分解工程から得られた蒸留精製前のN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドに添加して、該安定剤の存在下で蒸留することにより、その蒸留工程における安定化を図ることができる。また、精製されたN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドに添加して組成物の状態で保管及び輸送し、その際の安定性を高めることができる。
【0012】
本発明で添加する安定剤は、前記式(1)で表されるα,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物である。かかる化合物の具体的な例としてはクロトンアルデヒド、2,4−ヘキサジエナール(ソルビンアルデヒド)、桂皮アルデヒド、クロトン酸アルキルエステル、桂皮酸アルキルエステル類、ベンジリデンアセトンなどが例示される。また、幾何異性体として、トランス体を桂皮アルデヒド、シス体をアロ桂皮アルデヒドとして別々に命名する場合もあるが、本願明細書においては上記の例示化合物はシス体、トランス体の幾何異性体の両方を含めるものとする。また、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドに対する安定剤の使用量が多くてもその効果を減ずるものではないが、実用的には通常0.01〜5重量%、好ましくは0.1〜3重量%の範囲である。この場合、式(1)で表される化合物を複数種使用してもよいし、幾何異性体の混合物を使用してもよい。更に、従来公知のN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの安定剤である置換フェノール類、芳香族アミン類、ハイドロキノン類等と併用してもよい。なお、式(1)で表される化合物に対応する有機酸、無水有機酸類は、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの分解を促進し、かつ、安定化効果が低い傾向があるので、その使用は好ましくない。
【0013】
以上のような特定化合物によりN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドを安定化することができる理由は明確ではないが、以下のようなことが考えられる。炭素−炭素二重結合に隣接するカルボニル基を有するα,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物においては、そのカルボニル基が電子吸引性であるために、β位の二重結合炭素の電子密度が低下しており、そこでの求核付加反応を起こしやすい。このような反応は一般にマイケル付加反応と呼ばれている。一方、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドは置換基として電子供与性の強いアシルアミド基を持っており、その共重合反応性比から予測されるアシルアミド基の電子供与性は、エーテル基と同等かそれよりも強いものである。実際、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドはビニルエーテル同様に、容易にカチオン重合する性質を有する。
【0014】
このようなN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドを熱重合させた場合、活性種はラジカルであると予測されるが、置換基の強い電子供与性により、この成長ラジカルは比較的、電子密度の高い状態にある。このような系に電子密度の低い、活性化された2重結合を持つα,β不飽和カルボニル化合物が共存している場合、成長ラジカルは選択的にそのような化合物に付加していきやすい。特に、β位に置換基を持たない場合は、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドと反応後、更なるN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドを付加することができ、成長反応が継続するものと考えられる。ところが、その後の成長反応が抑制されれば熱重合が停止するが、α,β不飽和カルボニル化合物の中でも、式(1)で表される化合物でβ位に適当な置換基を有するものは、その立体障害的な効果により成長反応の抑制に効果を示すものと考えられる。一方、β位の置換基でも電子供与性のカルボキシアルキル基やピロリドン基である場合は、熱重合成長種の付加反応における反応性が低いと考えられる。
【0015】
以上のような式(1)で表されるα,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を添加して安定化させたN−ビニルカルボン酸アミド組成物を精溜塔などを用いて蒸留精製する場合、蒸留塔内での重合を抑制しつつ、収率よく高純度のN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドを安定に取得することができる。塔の構造は一般的な蒸留塔の場合と同様でよく、充填式、棚段式等が例示されうる。蒸留の操作条件には特に制限はないが、工業的に実施しやすい条件、すなわち、精溜塔の塔頂圧力が0.1〜3KPa、対応する塔頂温度の範囲が50〜100℃程度においても、熱重合物による精溜塔の閉塞を回避しうる。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下に実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を越えない限り、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、実施例において「%」は、「重量%」を意味する。
実施例1〜6、比較例1〜6
N−(α−メトキシエチル)ホルムアミドの熱分解反応液を、減圧下に薄膜蒸発器を用いて蒸留し、メタノール等の軽沸不純物と高沸の分解物を除去してN−ビニルホルムアミドを得た。液体クロマトグラフィーによりこのN−ビニルホルムアミドの組成を分析したところ、N−ビニルホルムアミド90.5%、N−(α−メトキシエチル)ホルムアミド2.2%、N−ビニルホルムアミド二量体0.4%、ホルムアミド3.1%、メタノール3.8%であった。
【0017】
上記のN−ビニルホルムアミドに、表−1に示すビニル化合物を、N−ビニルホルムアミドに対して各々1重量%添加し、常圧、窒素下で110℃、4時間加熱処理した。加熱処理液について不溶性ポリマーの発生状況を目視観察した。また、加熱処理液を液体クロマトグラフィーにより分析し、加熱処理液の組成を求めた。結果を表−1に示す。
【0018】
【表1】
Figure 0003584601
【0019】
表−1において、「NVF」は「N−ビニルホルムアミド」を示し、「二量体」は「N−ビニルホルムアミドの二量体」を示し、「ポリマー」は「N−ビニルホルムアミドの二量体より高分子量成分の総量」を示す。また、不溶性ポリマーの発生状況として、比較例1に示すように、N−ビニルホルムアミドに安定化剤を添加しない場合は、加熱後に膨潤した不溶性ポリマーが発生して全体が固化したが、N−ビニルホルムアミドに本発明の添加物を加えた実施例1〜6では、いずれの場合も不溶性ポリマーは全く発生せず、分子量の低い可溶性のポリマーがわずかに発生するのみであった。更に、比較例2〜6にN−ビニルホルムアミドに一置換ビニル化合物を添加した場合を示したが、比較例2のメタクリル酸メチルを用いた場合には加熱後に液の半分程度固化した状況が観察され、その他比較例3〜6では比較例1と同様に液全体が固化した。
【0020】
実施例7
N−ビニルホルムアミドの精溜を、長さ1m、直径5cmの塔に規則充填体(住友スルーザーラボパッキン)を充填した装置を用いて実施した。あらかじめ安定剤として桂皮アルデヒドを1重量%加えた原料N−ビニルホルムアミドを、塔の中段に連続的に供給しながら蒸留した。塔頂から純度99.5%のN−ビニルホルムアミドを連続的に得た。24時間の運転後、塔を開放して調べたが、不溶性ポリマーの発生は全く認められなかった。
【0021】
比較例6
N−ビニルホルムアミドの精溜を、長さ1m、直径5cmの塔に規則充填体(住友スルーザーラボパッキン)を充填した装置を用いて実施した。原料N−ビニルホルムアミドを塔の中段に連続的に供給しながら蒸留した。塔頂から純度99.5%のN−ビニルホルムアミドを連続的に得た。24時間の運転後、塔を開放して調べると、原料供給口付近に不溶性ポリマーの発生を認めた。
【0022】
実施例8
N−ビニルホルムアミドに1重量%の桂皮アルデヒドを加え、窒素下、25℃で100日間保存した。その後、該液に5重量倍量のアセトンを加えたが、析出物は全く認められなかった。
【0023】
比較例7
N−ビニルホルムアミドを、窒素下、25℃で100日間保存した。その後、サンプルに5倍量のアセトンを加えたところ、析出物を認めた。この物質は、N−ビニルホルムアミドに対して0.1%存在しており、IRスペクトルならびにNMRスペクトルより、N−ビニルホルムアミドの重合体であると同定された。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの精製、貯蔵、移動時における安定性を高めることができ、高品質の製品を安定に製造し、保存することができる。また、本発明で用いるN−ビニルカルボン酸アミドの安定剤は、適度な蒸気圧を有し、毒性が低く、着色も少ない点においても優れている。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for preventing loss of N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide in handling such as purification, transfer, and storage of N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide.
[0002]
[Prior art]
N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide has the general formula:
Embedded image
CH 2 CHCHNHCOR
(In the formula, R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.)
Is a compound having high polymerizability, also referred to as N-vinylamide or N-vinylacylamide, which is polymerized alone or copolymerized with another vinyl compound to obtain a polymer having various properties. Obtainable. It is known that this polymer is hydrolyzed to convert its amide group into a primary amino group, and is useful as a raw material of a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinylamine or an intermediate of an organic chemical.
[0004]
This N-vinyl carboxylic acid amide is a highly reactive substance and is easily decomposed or polymerized and lost. In addition, the polymer when thermally polymerized by heating gives an insoluble and infusible crosslinked product in many cases, causing blockage of the apparatus. For this reason, various methods have been proposed as a stabilization method during the production process and during storage, but the most common method is to add a stabilizer to N-vinylamide.
[0005]
As the stabilizer, use of substituted phenols, aromatic amines, hydroquinones and the like having properties as a radical polymerization inhibitor has been proposed (JP-A-61-236575, JP-A-2-270846, JP-A-2-270846, JP-A-2-270846). 6-122660). JP-A-6-41034 exemplifies vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, N-vinylpyrrolidone and the like as vinyl compounds effective for stabilizing N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, stabilizers such as substituted phenols, aromatic amines, and hydroquinones, when used to prevent thermal polymerization during distillation, distill off together with N-vinyl carboxylic acid amide, or may be used in distillation columns. There is a problem that the effect is insufficient because it is difficult to achieve a uniform distribution of In addition, these compounds are often highly toxic or colored, and may impair product quality when used as stabilizers during transfer or storage.
[0007]
On the other hand, in order to obtain an effective stabilizing effect using the compound disclosed in the above-mentioned JP-A-6-41034, a large amount of addition, such as about the same amount as N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide, is required. In order to obtain high-purity N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide, re-purification is indispensable and is not practical.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above problems, the present inventors have proposed a novel stabilization of N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide which is effective in suppressing loss due to decomposition or polymerization in handling such as purification, transfer and storage of N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide. As a result of intensive studies on the method, it was found that a specific α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound having at least one substituent at the β-position has a remarkable effect on stabilization of N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide. Reached the present invention.
[0009]
That is, the present invention, N- vinyl formaldehyde, resides in method for stabilizing N- vinyl formamide, wherein the α is expressed by the following equation (1), the addition of β- unsaturated carbonyl compounds .
[0010]
Figure 0003584601
(In the formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, R 2 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an aryl group, and R 3 and R 4 represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group .)
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The method for producing N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide to be stabilized in the present invention is not particularly limited. Examples of the production method include a method of removing an alcohol from N- (α-alkoxyethyl) formamide (U.S. Pat. No. 3,914,304) and a method of removing hydrogen cyanide from formylalanine nitrile (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 61). -134359) and a method of thermally decomposing ethylenebisformamide or ethylidenebisacetamide (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,018,826, 4,490,557, and 4,578,515). In any of these methods, N-vinylcarboxylic amide is obtained by thermal decomposition at a high temperature of 100 ° C. or more under reduced pressure. The N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide is usually recovered from the pyrolysis mixture by distillation to obtain a crude N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide having a purity of usually 80% by weight or more. The N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide to be stabilized in the present invention may be a crude product as described above or a purified product. That is, the stabilizer used in the present invention is added to the N-vinyl carboxylic acid amide before the distillation purification obtained in the pyrolysis step in the production step of the N-vinyl carboxylic acid amide, and is added in the presence of the stabilizer. Distillation can stabilize the distillation process. Moreover, it can be added to the purified N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide and stored and transported in the state of a composition, thereby improving the stability at that time.
[0012]
The stabilizer added in the present invention is an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound represented by the above formula (1). Specific examples of such compounds include crotonaldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal (sorbin aldehyde), cinnamaldehyde, crotonic acid alkyl esters, alkyl cinnamate, benzylideneacetone, and the like. Further, as geometric isomers, the trans isomer may be separately named cinnamaldehyde and the cis isomer may be named as allocinnamaldehyde, but in the present specification, the above-mentioned exemplified compounds are both cis and trans geometric isomers. Shall be included. Further, even if the amount of the stabilizer to N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide is large, the effect is not reduced, but practically, usually 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight. Range. In this case, a plurality of compounds represented by the formula (1) may be used, or a mixture of geometric isomers may be used. Further, it may be used in combination with conventionally known stabilizers for N-vinylcarboxylic acid amides, such as substituted phenols, aromatic amines, and hydroquinones. Organic acids and organic acids corresponding to the compound represented by the formula (1) promote the decomposition of N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide and have a low stabilizing effect. Absent.
[0013]
The reason why the specific compound as described above can stabilize N-vinylcarboxylic amide is not clear, but the following may be considered. In an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound having a carbonyl group adjacent to a carbon-carbon double bond, the electron density of the β-position double-bonded carbon decreases due to the electron-withdrawing property of the carbonyl group. And nucleophilic addition reaction there easily occurs. Such a reaction is generally called a Michael addition reaction. On the other hand, N-vinylcarboxylic amide has an acylamide group having a strong electron donating property as a substituent, and the electron donating property of the acylamide group predicted from its copolymerization reactivity ratio is equal to or higher than that of the ether group. It is strong. In fact, N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide, like vinyl ether, has the property of being easily cationically polymerized.
[0014]
When such an N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide is thermally polymerized, the active species is expected to be a radical, but due to the strong electron donating property of the substituent, this growing radical is in a state of relatively high electron density. is there. When an α, β unsaturated carbonyl compound having an activated double bond and having a low electron density coexists in such a system, the growing radical tends to be selectively added to such a compound. In particular, when there is no substituent at the β-position, it is considered that after the reaction with N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide, further N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide can be added and the growth reaction continues. However, if the subsequent growth reaction is suppressed, the thermal polymerization is stopped. Among the α, β unsaturated carbonyl compounds, those represented by the formula (1) having an appropriate substituent at the β-position are: It is considered that the steric hindrance effect is effective in suppressing the growth reaction. On the other hand, when the substituent at the β-position is an electron-donating carboxyalkyl group or a pyrrolidone group, it is considered that the reactivity in the addition reaction of the thermally polymerized species is low.
[0015]
When the N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide composition stabilized by adding the α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound represented by the above formula (1) is purified by distillation using a rectifying column or the like, High-purity N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide can be stably obtained with high yield while suppressing polymerization in the column. The structure of the column may be the same as that of a general distillation column, and examples thereof include a packed type and a tray type. There are no particular restrictions on the operating conditions for distillation, but under conditions that are industrially feasible, that is, when the top pressure of the rectification column is 0.1 to 3 KPa and the corresponding range of the top temperature is about 50 to 100 ° C. Also, it is possible to prevent the rectification tower from being clogged by the thermal polymer.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist of the present invention. In Examples, "%" means "% by weight".
Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 to 6
The thermal decomposition reaction solution of N- (α-methoxyethyl) formamide is distilled using a thin-film evaporator under reduced pressure to remove light-boiling impurities such as methanol and high-boiling decomposed products to obtain N-vinylformamide. Was. The composition of this N-vinylformamide was analyzed by liquid chromatography, and it was found that 90.5% of N-vinylformamide, 2.2% of N- (α-methoxyethyl) formamide and 0.4% of N-vinylformamide dimer , Formamide 3.1% and methanol 3.8%.
[0017]
To the above-mentioned N-vinylformamide, 1% by weight of each of the vinyl compounds shown in Table 1 was added to the N-vinylformamide, and the mixture was heated at 110 ° C. for 4 hours under nitrogen under normal pressure. The state of generation of the insoluble polymer in the heat treatment liquid was visually observed. The heat treatment liquid was analyzed by liquid chromatography to determine the composition of the heat treatment liquid. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0018]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003584601
[0019]
In Table 1, "NVF" means "N-vinylformamide", "dimer" means "N-vinylformamide dimer", and "polymer" means "N-vinylformamide dimer". Total amount of higher molecular weight components ". Further, as shown in Comparative Example 1, when no stabilizer was added to N-vinylformamide, the insoluble polymer swelled after heating and solidified as a whole, as shown in Comparative Example 1. In Examples 1 to 6 in which the additive of the present invention was added to formamide, no insoluble polymer was generated in any case, and only a small amount of a soluble polymer having a low molecular weight was generated. Further, Comparative Examples 2 to 6 show the case where a monosubstituted vinyl compound was added to N-vinylformamide. In the case where the methyl methacrylate of Comparative Example 2 was used, it was observed that about half of the liquid was solidified after heating. In Comparative Examples 3 to 6, the entire liquid was solidified as in Comparative Example 1.
[0020]
Example 7
The rectification of N-vinylformamide was carried out using an apparatus in which a tower having a length of 1 m and a diameter of 5 cm was filled with a regular packing (Sumitomo Sulzer Lab Packing). The raw material N-vinylformamide to which 1% by weight of cinnamaldehyde was previously added as a stabilizer was distilled while being continuously supplied to the middle stage of the column. N-vinylformamide having a purity of 99.5% was continuously obtained from the top of the tower. After operation for 24 hours, the tower was opened and examined, but no generation of insoluble polymer was observed.
[0021]
Comparative Example 6
The rectification of N-vinylformamide was carried out using an apparatus in which a tower having a length of 1 m and a diameter of 5 cm was filled with a regular packing (Sumitomo Sulzer Lab Packing). Distillation was performed while continuously supplying the raw material N-vinylformamide to the middle stage of the column. N-vinylformamide having a purity of 99.5% was continuously obtained from the top of the tower. After the operation for 24 hours, the tower was opened and examined. As a result, generation of an insoluble polymer was found near the raw material supply port.
[0022]
Example 8
1% by weight of cinnamaldehyde was added to N-vinylformamide and stored at 25 ° C. for 100 days under nitrogen. Thereafter, acetone was added in an amount of 5 times by weight to the liquid, but no precipitate was observed.
[0023]
Comparative Example 7
N-vinylformamide was stored at 25 ° C. under nitrogen for 100 days. Thereafter, when a 5-fold amount of acetone was added to the sample, a precipitate was observed. This substance was present at 0.1% with respect to N-vinylformamide, and was identified as a polymer of N-vinylformamide from the IR spectrum and the NMR spectrum.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the stability at the time of refinement | purification, storage, and transfer of N-vinyl carboxylic acid amide can be improved, and a high quality product can be stably manufactured and preserved. In addition, the stabilizer for N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide used in the present invention is excellent in that it has an appropriate vapor pressure, low toxicity, and little coloring.

Claims (9)

N−ビニルホルムアミドに、下記式(1)で表されるα、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を添加することを特徴とするN−ビニルホルムアミドの安定化方法。
Figure 0003584601
(式(1)において、R1は水素原子、アルキル基又はアルコキシ基、R2はアルキル基、アルケニル基又はアリール基、R3、R4は水素原子又はアルキル基を表す。)
A N- vinyl formamide, alpha is expressed by the following formula (1), method for stabilizing N- vinyl formamide, characterized in that the addition of β- unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
Figure 0003584601
(In formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, R 2 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an aryl group, R 3, R 4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.)
N−ビニルホルムアミドに、クロトンアルデヒド、2,4−ヘキサジエナール、桂皮アルデヒド、クロトン酸アルキルエステル、桂皮酸アルキルエステル類及びベンジリデンアセトンより成る群から選ばれたα、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を添加することを特徴とするN−ビニルホルムアミドの安定化方法。To N-vinylformamide, an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of crotonaldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal, cinnamaldehyde, alkyl crotonate, alkyl cinnamate and benzylideneacetone is added. A method for stabilizing N-vinylformamide. N−ビニルホルムアミドに、クロトンアルデヒド、2,4−ヘキサジエナール、桂皮アルデヒド、α−メチル桂皮アルデヒド、桂皮酸メチル及びベンジリデンアセトンより成る群から選ばれたα、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を添加することを特徴とするN−ビニルホルムアミドの安定化方法。An α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of crotonaldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal, cinnamaldehyde, α-methylcinnamic aldehyde, methyl cinnamate and benzylideneacetone is added to N-vinylformamide. A method for stabilizing N-vinylformamide. −ビニルホルムアミドに対してα、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を0.01〜5重量%添加することを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載のN−ビニルホルムアミドの安定化方法。 N - vinyl α relative formamide, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound method for stabilizing N- vinylformamide according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by adding 0.01 to 5 wt% . 記式(1)で表されるα、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有することを特徴とする安定化されたN−ビニルホルムアミド組成物。
Figure 0003584601
(式(1)において、R1は水素原子、アルキル基又はアルコキシ基、R2はアルキル基、アルケニル基又はアリール基、R3,R4は水素原子又はアルキル基を表す。)
Α represented by the following formula (1), stabilized N- vinyl formamide composition characterized by containing a β- unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
Figure 0003584601
(In the formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, R 2 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an aryl group, and R 3 and R 4 represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group .)
クロトンアルデヒド、2,4−ヘキサジエナール、桂皮アルデヒド、クロトン酸アルキルエステル、桂皮酸アルキルエステル類及びベンジリデンアセトンより成る群から選ばれたα、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有することを特徴とする安定化されたN−ビニルホルムアミド組成物。It contains an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of crotonaldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal, cinnamaldehyde, alkyl crotonate, alkyl cinnamate and benzylideneacetone. A stabilized N-vinylformamide composition. クロトンアルデヒド、2,4−ヘキサジエナール、桂皮アルデヒド、α−メチル桂皮アルデヒド、桂皮酸メチル及びベンジリデンアセトンより成る群から選ばれたα、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有することを特徴とする安定化されたN−ビニルホルムアミド組成物。Stability characterized by containing an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of crotonaldehyde, 2,4-hexadienal, cinnamaldehyde, α-methylcinnamic aldehyde, methyl cinnamate and benzylideneacetone. N-vinylformamide composition. α、β−不飽和カルボニル化合物の含有量が、N−ビニルホルムアミドに対して0.01〜5重量%であることを特徴とする請求項5ないし7のいずれかに記載の安定化されたN−ビニルホルムアミド組成物。 alpha, beta-content of unsaturated carbonyl compounds are stabilized according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in 0.01 to 5 wt% der Rukoto respect N- vinyl formamide N-vinylformamide composition. 請求項5ないしのいずれかに記載の安定化されたN−ビニルホルムアミド組成物を蒸留することを特徴とするN−ビニルホルムアミドの精製方法。Purification process of claims 5 to characterized by distilling a stabilized N- vinylformamide composition according to any one of 8 N- vinyl formamide.
JP05296596A 1996-03-11 1996-03-11 Method for stabilizing N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide Expired - Lifetime JP3584601B2 (en)

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