JP3578668B2 - Onion harvester - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an onion harvester used for harvesting onions.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as the onion harvesting machine as described above, a raising device that causes onion leaf stems cultivated in a field, a soil loosening tool that cuts off the soil around the onion bulbs where the leaf stems are raised, and the raised leaves A leaf-stalk-clamping and conveying device that pulls onions from the field where the soil around the bulbs is cut off by holding the stem and pulling it upwards to convey the leaves, holding the conveyed onion with the bulbs A position aligning and conveying device for nipping and conveying backward while preventing lifting by the device, and an onion obtained by cutting a predetermined height position from the bulb between both nipping positions of the leaf stems to be nipped by the two nipping and conveying devices; Equipped with a traveling machine, such as a leaf cutting device that separates the leaves into the stems and bulbs, so that the onions cultivated in the field can be collected for each work run There was a thing that was.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, onions harvested by the above-mentioned onion harvesting machine are cultivated in a ridged field (so-called open-field cultivation) or ridged, depending on the type or cultivation area or season. In some cases, the ridges are cultivated in a field directly covered with a synthetic resin multi-film (so-called multi-cultivation).
[0004]
In mulch cultivation, the ridge surface is directly covered with multi-film to prevent soil erosion and nutrient runoff due to heavy rain on light soil such as shirasu, which has a remarkable effect on soil conservation and nutrient retention. I have. In addition, it is useful for maintaining the softness of the soil and stabilizing the soil moisture. Further, when a black multi-film is used, the effect of suppressing the occurrence of weeds can be obtained. Also, mulch cultivation is widely used in cold regions because it has a large effect of raising the soil temperature, and is also used for early cultivation because it has a growth promoting effect by increasing the soil temperature.
[0005]
However, when the above-mentioned prior art onion harvester is used for harvesting the onion cultivated in the mulch cultivation as described above, when the pulling and conveying device is used to pull out the onion by holding the leaf stem protruding from the multi-film, The inconvenience of the onion remaining in the field due to the resistance of the multi-film due to the resistance of the multi-film, and the multi-film being pulled up as the onion is pulled out by the pull-out transfer device, entangled in the pull-out transfer device and the alignment transfer device It is necessary to peel off the multi-film fixed so that the ridge surface is covered with the soil on the ridge first by hand, since this causes inconvenience that the work cannot be performed. When stripping, the onion leaf stems that protrude from the mulch and hinder the mulch Stripped of had become troublesome thing can not be performed well.
[0006]
Therefore, in areas where only mulch cultivation is performed, such as areas with heavy rainfall on light soil or cold areas, the development of an onion harvesting machine that allows the onion to be collected while allowing the multi-film to be easily peeled off has been developed. In areas where open cultivation and mulch cultivation are performed according to the season or harvest time, it is desired to remove both onion cultivated onion and mulch cultivated onion. There is a need for the development of an onion harvester that can be easily recovered while still being retrievable.
[0007]
A first object of the present invention is to provide a multi-only type onion harvester which makes it easy to peel off a multi-film and facilitates the collection of a multi-cultivated onion. A second object is to provide a general-purpose onion harvester that facilitates the collection of open-field cultivated onions and the collection of multi-cultivated onions.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the first object, in the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention, the onion leaf stem protruding from the multi-film covering the ridge surface is caused to move by the vertical movement of the locking claw on the traveling body. A raising device, a scraping device that rakes the raised leaf stem to a predetermined position by laterally moving the locking claw, and a cutting device that cuts the leaf stem at the predetermined position and separates the leaf stem and the bulb side. A leaf-stalk transporting device that supports the leaf stem at the predetermined position and sandwiches and discharges the leaf stem after cutting, and cuts the soil below the bulb after cutting to remove the soil around the bulb. With a landslide that cuts through, A cutting device for cutting into the soil at the edge of a ridge where one lateral end of the multi-film existsEquipped.
[0009]
[Action]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, this onion harvester raises the onion leaf stem protruding from the multi-film with the raising device as the traveling machine body advances, and the raised leaf stem is scraped by the scraping device. The leaf stem raked to the predetermined position by the leaf stem supported by the leaf conveying device, the leaf stem supported at the predetermined position is cut by the cutting device, and the leaf stem clamped by the leaf conveying device And the bulb side remaining in the field, and the leaf stem side is discharged and transported by the leaf stem transport device, and the soil around the bulb is broken down by the crusher.
[0010]
As a result, after the operation of the onion harvesting machine, the leaves and shoots protruding from the multi-film are cut into a predetermined length to be short, and the stripped multi-film is disturbed by the overgrown leaves and stems. It can be easily done without. In addition, the bulb-side collection performed after stripping the multi-film can be easily performed because the soil around the bulb is cut off. In addition, since the onion leaf stem located in the field is cut by the cutting device in a stable state before the soil around the bulb is cut down, there is no inconvenience that the cutting device damages the bulb.
[0011]
AndWith the advance of the traveling machine, the diving tool cuts the soil on the ridge where the multi-film is fixed so as to cover the ridge surface, thereby removing the soil on the ridge located on one side edge of the multi-film. The multi-film can be cut off, and the lateral end of the multi-film can be lifted or rolled up from the ridge, so that the multi-film can be more easily peeled off. In addition, since one side edge of the multi-film, which is located at the edge of the ridge and is lower than the other portions, is lifted or rolled up from the edge of the ridge, a multi-film pulling device or a leaf stem caused by that is raised. It becomes possible to prevent entanglement with a transport device or the like.
[0012]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvester of a multi-purpose type that can easily strip off the multi-film and can easily collect the multi-cultivated onion.
Further, it has become possible to provide an onion harvester of a multi-purpose type which can make it easier to peel off the multi-film while preventing the multi-film from entangled on the machine side.
[0013]
Of the present inventionClaim 2In the invention described in the above, in the invention described in the above-mentioned claim 1, a multi-cutter for cutting the left and right intermediate portions of the multi-film along the traveling direction is provided at a position behind the cutting device.
[0014]
[Action]
the aboveClaim 2According to the invention described above, since the multi-cutter cuts the left and right intermediate portions of the multi-film as the traveling body advances, the multi-film can be more easily peeled off. Moreover, since the cutting of the multi-film by the multi-cutter is performed after the cutting of the leaf stem by the cutting device, that is, after the passage of the raising device, the leaf stem conveying device, and the cutting device, the multi-film caused by the cutting of the multi film is cut. Can be prevented from being entangled with the raising device or the leaf-stalk conveying device.
[0015]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvester of a multi-purpose type that can make it easier to peel off the multi-film while preventing the multi-film from being entangled with the machine side.
[0016]
In order to achieve the second object, in the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, in the traveling machine body, a raising device that causes the onion leaf stem cultivated in the field to move by the vertical rotation of the locking claw, A scraping device that scrapes the caused leaf stem to a predetermined position by laterally moving the locking claw, and receives the scraped leaf stem at the predetermined position by a pair of left and right endless rotating bands and turns the leaf stem upward and backward. A leaf-stalk transport device for pulling up and holding the leaf-stalk transport device; and a leaf-stem transport device disposed below the leaf-stalk transport device so as to be further away from the leaf-stalk transport device as the transport direction is lower. While starting to clamp, the leaf is clamped and transported backward while allowing the lifting by the leaf transport device until the bulb comes in contact with the bulb, and with the abutment of the bulb, Leaf stem
From the bulb between the two clamping positions of the leaf stems clamped by the leaf-stalk transport device and the leaf-stalks clamped by the two transport devices while preventing the lifting by the leaf-stalk transport device. Equipped with a leaf cutting device that cuts the predetermined height position of the leaf stem side and the bulb side and separates the leaf stem supported by the leaf stem conveying device at the predetermined position. And a cutting device that separates into a bulb side, and a crusher that breaks into the soil below the bulb by cutting into the soil below the bulb after being cut by the cutting device., MultiA cutting device that cuts into the soil at the edge of the ridge where one horizontal side edge of the film exists is provided so as to be switchable between an active state and a non-active state, and the cutting device and the soil breakerWith the said burIs switched to a non-operating state, an open-field specification for pulling an onion from a field by pulling up the leaf stem by the leaf stem transport device, the cutting device and the crusherWith the said burIs switched to the operating state, and the onion leaf stem protruding from the multi-film covering the ridge surface is cut by the cutting device, and then the soil around the bulb is cut by the crusher.Cut the soil at the edge of the ridge where one side edge of the multi-film is present with the soil cutterThe configuration can be changed to multi-specification.
[0017]
[Action]
According to the third aspect of the invention, the onion harvester includes a cutting device and a landslide.With a mortarIn the open-field specification, which has been switched to the non-operating state, the onion leaf stem cultivated in the field is raised by the raising device as the traveling machine advances, and the raised leaf stem is moved to the predetermined position by the scraping device. The leaf stem conveyed by the leaf stalk transport device receives and pulls up the noodles, and pulls the onion out of the field, aligns the pulled onion and positions the transport device in contact with the bulb, and positions. A predetermined height position from the bulb in the onion leaf stem is cut by a leaf cutting device, and after the cut, the leaf stem side is transported to the transport end by pulling up and transporting the leaf stem transport device, and then released to the outside of the machine. And the bulb side is released on the ridge.
[0018]
Also, a cutting device and a landslideWith a mortarIn the multi-specification, the onion leaf stem protruding from the multi-film is raised by the raising device as the traveling machine advances, and the raised leaf stem is scraped to a predetermined position by the scraping device. The leaf stem raked to the predetermined position is supported by the leaf stem transport device, and the leaf stem supported at the predetermined position is cut by the cutting device and the leaf stem side clamped by the leaf stem transport device and the bulb side remaining in the field The leaf stem side is discharged and transported by the leaf stem transport device, and the soil around the bulb is broken down with a crusher.Then, the soil on the ridge on one side edge of the multi-film is cut off by cutting in the ridge on the ridge where the multi-film is fixed with the soil cutterBecome like
[0019]
As a result, after the operation of the onion harvester in the open-field specification, the bulbs whose leaves are trimmed to a predetermined length are placed on the ridge, so that the bulbs can be easily collected. Will be able to do it. In addition, after the work traveling in the multi-specification, since the leaf stem protruding from the multi-film is trimmed to a predetermined length, the stripping of the multi-film is not disturbed by the overgrown leaf stem. In addition to being easily performed, the bulb-side collection performed after peeling off the multi-film can also be easily performed because the soil around the bulb is cut off. In addition, since the onion leaf stem located in the field is cut by the cutting device in a stable state before the soil around the bulb is cut down, there is no inconvenience that the cutting device damages the bulb.
[0020]
In addition, since it is possible to easily collect onion cultivated in the open field and mulch cultivated onion with one onion harvesting machine, an onion harvesting machine exclusively used for local cultivation and an onion harvesting machine exclusively used for mulch cultivation can be used. This can be advantageous in terms of cost as compared with the case of preparing.
[0021]
AndBy switching the dumping tool between the working state and the non-working state, the dumping tool can be operated only when harvesting a multi-cultivated onion, and thereby, when harvesting a multi-cultivated onion. With the advance of the traveling machine, the multi-film is fixed to cover the ridge surface. Since the soil can be cut and the one side edge of the multi-film can be lifted or rolled up from the edge of the ridge, the multi-film can be more easily peeled off. In addition, since one side edge of the multi-film, which is located at the edge of the ridge and is lower than the other portions, is lifted or rolled up from the edge of the ridge, a multi-film pulling device or a leaf stem caused by that is raised. It becomes possible to prevent entanglement with a transport device or the like.
[0022]
〔effect〕
Therefore, when harvesting mulled onions,While preventing entanglement of the multi-film on the machine sideEasy removal of multi-filmWithThus, it has become possible to provide a general-purpose onion harvester that is advantageous in terms of cost and can easily collect both the onion cultivated in the open field and the onion cultivated in the mulch.
[0023]
Of the present inventionClaim 4In the described invention, the aboveClaim 3In the invention described in the above, the raising device is configured to be changeable between an open-air specification having a hard locking claw and a multi-specification having an elastically deformable soft locking claw.
[0024]
[Action]
Generally, a hard claw is used as the locking claw of the raising device. However, if a hard claw that causes the onion leaf stem protruding from the multi-film is used, a hard claw is used. Breaks through the multi-film, and the multi-film easily becomes entangled with the raising device or the like.
[0025]
So, aboveClaim 4In the described invention, the raising device is configured to be changeable between an open-air specification having a hard locking claw and a multi-specification having an elastically deformable soft locking claw. In the case of harvesting an onion cultivated in the open field, by changing the raising device to the specification of the open field, it is possible to suitably raise the leaf stem of the onion cultivated in the open field with the hard locking claws. Become like In addition, when harvesting a multi-cultivated onion, by changing the raising device to a multi-specification, without damaging the multi-cultivated onion leaf stem with a soft locking claw, the multi-film. It can be suitably raised. As a result, it is possible to prevent the multi-film from being entangled with the raising device or the like due to the locking claws breaking through the multi-film.
[0026]
〔effect〕
Therefore, when harvesting an onion cultivated in a mulch cultivation, it is possible to prevent the entanglement of the mulch film in the raising device and the like caused by the locking claws breaking through the mulch film beforehand, while the onion is cultivated in the open field. It has become possible to provide a general-purpose onion harvester capable of facilitating the recovery of both cultivated onions.
[0027]
Of the present inventionClaim 5In the described invention, the aboveClaim 3 or 4In the invention described above, a multi-cutter for cutting the left and right intermediate portions of the multi-film along the traveling direction is provided at a position behind the cutting device so as to be switchable between an active state and a non-active state.
[0028]
[Action]
the aboveClaim 5According to the described invention, by switching the multi-cutter between the working state and the non-working state, the multi-cutter can be operated only when harvesting a multi-cultivated onion. In the case of harvesting, since the multi-cutter cuts the left and right intermediate portions of the multi-film as the traveling machine advances, the multi-film can be more easily peeled off. Moreover, since the cutting of the multi-film by the multi-cutter is performed after the cutting of the leaf stem by the cutting device, that is, after the passage of the raising device, the leaf stem conveying device, and the cutting device, the multi-film caused by the cutting of the multi film is cut. Can be prevented from being entangled with the raising device or the leaf-stalk conveying device.
[0029]
〔effect〕
Therefore, when harvesting a multi-cultivated onion, it is possible to provide a general-purpose onion harvester that can make it easier to peel off the multi-film while preventing the multi-film from tangling to the machine side. became.
[0030]
Of the present inventionClaim 6In the described invention, the aboveClaim 1 or 3In the described invention, the soil breaker is configured to enter the soil below the bulb from a ridge portion cut by the soil cutter.
[0031]
[Action]
I mentioned earlierClaim 1 or 3In the described invention, although the multi-film can be more easily peeled off by the action of the earth-cutting tool, when the soil-breaking tool cuts into the soil below the bulb and breaks the soil around the bulb, the multi-film However, there is a possibility that the landslide is entangled with the landslide and the landslide load is increased, or a disadvantage that suitable landslide cannot be performed.
[0032]
So, aboveClaim 6In the described invention, prior to the landslide, the soil at the edge of the ridge located on one side edge of the multi-film is cut down, and the horizontal edge of the multi-film is lifted or rolled up from the edge of the ridge. By making effective use of the tool, the earthen cutter cuts and lifts one side edge of the multi-film, or from the ridge part which was rolled up, the soil breaker is made to enter the soil under the bulb, thereby In addition, it is possible to prevent the multi-film from being entangled with the landslide, and it is possible to avoid a decrease in work efficiency due to an increase in landslide load on the landslide and a failure of the landslide.
[0033]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvesting machine which is excellent in work efficiency and soil breaking performance in which the soil breaking around the bulb by the soil breaking tool can be suitably performed with low resistance.
[0034]
Of the present inventionClaim 7In the described invention, the aboveClaim 6In the described invention, a first crusher that shallowly enters the soil crusher into the soil below the bulb, and a second crusher that deeply penetrates the soil below the bulb from the portion of the soil cut by the first crusher. It consisted of landslides.
[0035]
[Action]
For example, if a single crusher is made to penetrate deep into the soil below the bulb to break the soil around the bulb, the entire load when crushing the soil around the bulb is a single crusher. At once, the work efficiency may be reduced due to an increase in the landslide load applied to the landslide.
[0036]
So, aboveClaim 7In the described invention, when the soil around the bulb is cut down, the load applied to the crusher is dispersed to the first crusher and the second crusher so as to be as small as possible. It is possible to avoid a decrease in work efficiency due to an increase in landslide load applied to the landslide.
[0037]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion-harvesting machine with excellent work efficiency in which the soil around the bulb can be cut down with less resistance by the crusher.
[0038]
Of the present inventionClaim 8In the described invention, the aboveClaim 2 or 5In the invention described in the above, the crusher is configured to protrude into the soil from a cut portion of the multi-film by the multi-cutter.
[0039]
[Action]
I mentioned earlierClaim 2 or 5In the described invention, although the multi-film can be more easily peeled off by the action of the multi-cutter, when the crusher cuts into the soil below the bulb and crushes the soil around the bulb, the multi-film is There is a possibility that the landslide is entangled with the landslide and the landslide load is increased, or a problem that suitable landslide cannot be performed is caused.
[0040]
So, aboveClaim 8In the described invention, prior to the landslide, a multi-cutter that cuts the left and right intermediate portions of the multi-film along the traveling direction is effectively used, and the landslide is cut from the cut portion of the multi-film by the multi-cutter. In this way, it is possible to prevent the multi-film from being entangled with the landslide, thereby reducing the work efficiency due to an increase in the landslide load on the landslide and causing a failure of the landslide. Can be avoided.
[0041]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvesting machine which is excellent in work efficiency and soil breaking performance in which the soil breaking around the bulb by the soil breaking tool can be suitably performed with low resistance.
[0042]
Of the present inventionClaim 9In the described invention, the aboveClaim 8In the invention described above, the multi-cutter and the landslide are configured to be switchable between an operating posture and a retracting posture.
[0043]
[Action]
the aboveClaim 9According to the described invention, in a general-purpose onion harvester, in comparison with the case of attaching and detaching the multi-cutter and the landslide, the multi-specification and the multi-cut and the multi-cut and the landslide are more easily and quickly operated. The specification can be changed to an open-field specification that does not use the landslide.
[0044]
By the way, for example, in a field where four onions are multi-cultivated in one ridge, a work mode in which four onions can be collected by performing two round trip work runs is adopted. In this working mode, in the forward traveling process for the ridge, the onion leaves are cut off in two rows on the right in the traveling direction (two rows on the right side of the ridge). The multi-film cutting in the forward traveling work by performing the cutting of the leaves and stems, the multi-film cutting, and the crushing of four bulbs around the bulbs in the traveling direction of the right side (two left sides of the ridge) in the traveling direction. It may become unstable due to the entanglement of the multi-film on the machine side during the return trip work traveling, or the landslide treatment during the forward travel work, which may occur when processing or landslide around the bulbs is performed. Imitation And scratch bulbs by stover disconnection process in the work travel of the return process, it is possible to prevent such thought for.
[0045]
Therefore, when such a working mode is adopted,Claim 9When the multi-cutter and the landslide are configured to be switchable between the working posture and the retreating posture as in the invention described above, it is necessary to perform the operation in accordance with the switching of the work traveling from the outward process to the return process in the above-described working mode. The operation of the multi-cutter and the landslide can be easily and quickly switched to the working state. Conversely, the multi-cutter and the landslide need to be changed in accordance with the switching of the work travel from the return path to the forward path. Switching to the non-operating state can be performed easily and quickly, so that the working efficiency can be improved as compared with the case where the multi-cutter and the landslide are attached and detached.
[0046]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvester that can easily and quickly switch between the working state and the non-working state of the multi-cutter and the landslide and improve the working efficiency.
[0047]
Of the present inventionClaim 10In the described invention, the aboveClaims 1-9In the invention described in any one of the above, the interval between the left and right rotating bodies disposed at the transport start end of the leaf stem transport device can be changed.
[0048]
[Action]
The state in which the leaf-stalk transport device supports the leaf stem at the predetermined position may be a state in which the leaf stem is supported from the left and right without holding the predetermined position, a state in which the leaf stem is held without lifting the predetermined position, or There are various states such as a state in which the leaf stems are pulled up and slightly held, and these states are desirably adjusted in accordance with the type of onion to be harvested, the growing state, the cultivation method, and the like. This is, for example, the onion harvesting machine for harvesting onions grown in the open field, the leaf stem transport device is used as a pull-out transport device for pulling onions from the field, so generally, the leaf stems at a predetermined position. It is set so that it can be clamped and raised, but if this setting is adopted in the onion harvesting machine for the onion harvesting machine that harvests onions that are multi-cultivated, the leaf stems in the predetermined position will be cut by the cutting device. At the stage where the mulch film before pulling is in a state against pulling up the leaf stem through the bulb, the core of the bulb caused by the pulling force applied to the onion already pulled up by the leaf stem transport device The onion is pulled out of the field at the stage before falling off (the core is pulled out of the bulb and it does not become a product) or the stage before the leaf stem is cut by the cutting device Damage bulbs due resulting from the cutting device, and there is a fear that lead to problems such as.
[0049]
So, aboveClaim 10According to the invention described above, the interval between the left and right rotating bodies disposed at the transport start end of the leaf stem transport device is configured to be changeable, and the onion harvesting state is such that the leaf stem transport device supports the leaf stem at a predetermined position. It can be adjusted according to the type, growth state, cultivation method, etc. of the cultivar, so that inconveniences such as the removal of the core of the bulb and the injury of the bulb by the cutting device can be avoided.
[0050]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvester capable of collecting onions in a state of high commercial value.
[0051]
Of the present inventionClaim 11In the described invention, the aboveClaims 1 to 10In any one of the above-mentioned inventions, the landslide is equipped with a rake-like lifting device for lifting the bulb.
[0052]
[Action]
the aboveClaim 11According to the described invention, the soil around the bulbs is cut off by the landslide, and the bulbs are lifted up by the lifting device to expose the whole, so that the bulb side can be more easily collected. become. In addition, for onions mulched, the multi-film moves up and down with lifting and lifting of the bulbs by the lifting device, so that the bulb-side leaf stems protruding from the multi-film are positioned below the multi-film. The multi-film can be more easily peeled off.
[0053]
〔effect〕
Therefore, in the harvesting of multi-cultivated onions, the stripping of the multi-film can be made even easier, while the collection of open-field and multi-cultivated onions is made easier. It is now possible to provide a possible onion harvester.
[0054]
Of the present inventionClaim 12In the described invention, the aboveClaims 1 to 11In the invention described in any one of the above, the cutting device is configured to be position adjustable.
[0055]
[Action]
Depending on the type and cultivation method of the onion, the bulbs and leaves on the bulb side are shortened and shipped as they are (so-called Aotama shipment), or the onions and leaves on the bulb side are lengthened and bundled in a predetermined quantity and dried. In the onion harvesting machine where the cutting device was not able to adjust the position, it was troublesome work such as manually trimming the foliage on the bulb side to the length according to the shipping form. Need to do.
[0056]
So, aboveClaim 12In the described invention, the cutting device is configured to be position-adjustable, so that the foliage on the bulb side can be trimmed to a length according to the shipping form at the stage before collection, and thus the bulb side can be adjusted. After collecting the foliage, the labor for manually trimming the foliage to a length according to the shipping form can be saved.
[0057]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvesting machine capable of improving the working efficiency and saving labor in the onion harvesting operation.
[0058]
Of the present inventionClaim 13In the described invention, the aboveClaims 1 to 12In the invention described in any one of the above, the traveling body is configured as a walking type.
[0059]
[Action]
the aboveClaim 13According to the invention described above, the size and weight of the body can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the operability can be improved as compared with the case where the traveling body is configured as a riding type.
[0060]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide a small and light onion harvester that is inexpensive and excellent in operability.
[0061]
Of the present inventionClaim 14In the described invention, the aboveClaims 1 to 13In the invention described in any one of the above, the crusher is reciprocally driven in the front-rear direction.
[0062]
[Action]
the aboveClaim 14According to the described invention, since the soil around the bulb is actively cut by driving the landslide, the efficiency of the landslide operation can be improved, and a more suitable landslide effect can be obtained and the bulb The collection of the side can be further facilitated.
[0063]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvesting machine that can further facilitate the collection of onions having better landslide performance.
[0064]
Of the present inventionClaim 15In the described invention, the aboveClaim 14In the invention described above, the cutting device is configured as a clipper type, and the cutting device is interlocked and connected to a drive system of the crusher.
[0065]
[Action]
the aboveClaim 15According to the invention described above, the cutting performance can be improved as compared with the case where the cutting device is configured by a disk cutter or the like. In addition, since the cutting device is driven by using the drive system of the crusher, the structure can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with a case where a dedicated drive system for the cutting device is separately provided. .
[0066]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvester capable of improving the cutting performance while simplifying the configuration and reducing the manufacturing cost.
[0067]
Of the present inventionClaim 16In the described invention, the aboveClaims 3-5In the invention described in any one of the above, the cutting device is operatively connected to a rotating body disposed at a transfer start end of the alignment transfer device.
[0068]
[Action]
the aboveClaim 16According to the invention described above, since the cutting device is driven by using the driving force of the alignment conveyance device, the configuration is simplified and the manufacturing cost is reduced as compared with a case where a dedicated driving system for the cutting device is separately provided. Can be planned.
[0069]
〔effect〕
Therefore, it has become possible to provide an onion harvester capable of simplifying the configuration and reducing the production cost.
[0070]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows an onion Z cultivated in a ridged field (so-called open-field cultivation), or a ridged field where the ridge surface is directly covered with a multi-film (such as a plastic film) F made of synthetic resin. A general onion harvesting machine used for harvesting cultivated (so-called multi-cultivated) onion Z is changed to an open-field specification in its entire side, FIG. 2 shows its entire plane, and FIG. 3 shows its entire front. The onion harvester of the open-field specification includes an engine 2 mounted on the rear of the body frame 1, a gear-type transmission 3 and a gear-type transmission 3 that are operatively connected to the lower left portion of the engine 2. The right and left rear wheels 6 driven by the power from the left and right reduction gears 5, the right and left rear wheels 6, and the right rear wheel 6 are disposed in front of the right and left rear wheels 6 where the power of the right and left is transmitted through the left and right shaft transmissions 4. Before driven 7, and a steering handle 8 extended rearward, and the like is configured to run along the longitudinal direction of the ridge while straddling one ridge on which four onions Z are cultivated. The walking device A is raised by the elevating device 9 which causes the two leaf stems Za on the right side in the traveling direction among the four stems Za of the onion Z straddled by the vertical rotation of the locking claw 9A. Device 10 for scraping leaf stem Za to a predetermined position by laterally moving locking claw 10a, a pair of left and right soils that enter soil below bulb Zb at predetermined position a and cut off soil around bulb Zb. The loosening tool 11, the leaf stem Za that has been scraped and received at the predetermined position a, and the leaf stem transporting device 12 that lifts upward and pinches and conveys the leaf stem Za, holds the leaf stem Za at a position behind the predetermined position a. Alignment transport device that transports backward 3. A leaf cutting device that cuts a predetermined height position from the bulb Zb between both clamping positions of the leaf stem Za clamped and conveyed by the two conveying devices 12 and 13 to separate the leaf stem Za side and the bulb Zb side. 14 and so on, for each work traveling in two reciprocating steps with respect to one ridge, the onion Z on the right two rows in the traveling direction is lifted from the field by the foliage conveying device 12 to lift the leaf stem Za. A pulling-out process of pulling out, a leaf cutting process by the leaf cutting device 14 performed after the pulling-out process, and the like are performed so that the four onions Z cultivated in the ridge can be recovered.
[0071]
Incidentally, the left shaft transmission portion 4 is configured to be extendable and contractible, so that the tread can be changed according to the ridge width of the work target. The front wheel 7 is supported by the body frame 1 via the operation shaft 16 and the like so that the position of the front wheel 7 can be adjusted in the vertical direction by rotating the operation handle 15 supported by the operation handle 8. The height of the raising device 9 can be changed to a height corresponding to the height of the ridge to be worked.
[0072]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the raising device 9 includes three raising cases 9 </ b> B supported by the body frame 1 in a vertically rearwardly inclined posture with a predetermined interval corresponding to a cultivation strip of the onion Z being horizontally separated. A drive sprocket 9C vertically disposed at the upper end of each raising case 9B, a driven sprocket 9D vertically disposed at the lower end of each raising case 9B, and a sprocket 9C, 9D respectively above and below. Endless chain 9E, a plurality of claw holders 9F attached to the endless chain 9E at a predetermined pitch so as to be able to swing up and down in a falling posture along the endless chain 9E and an upright posture protruding outward, and a fall. And a weeding tool 9G extending forward from the lower part of each raising case 9B so as to scoop up the leaf stem Za. A is adapted to be freely screwed detachably. Each driven sprocket 9D is formed so as to switch and hold the locking claw 9A to the upright posture together with the claw receiver 9F by contact with the claw receiver 9F. In each raising case 9B, the locking claw 9A and the claw receiving tool 9F switched to the standing posture by the driven sprocket 9D are brought into a state of protruding forward from the raising case 9B by contact with the claw receiving tool 9F. It is formed so as to slide upward while maintaining it. A hard material such as a thermosetting plastic is used for the locking claw 9A and the claw receiver 9F. The weeding tool 9G is detachably connected to the raising case 9B. Also, as the weeding tool 9G connected to the rightmost raising case 9B, a long one extending downward below the weeding tool 9G connected to the other raising case 9B is adopted. Thus, the leaf stem Za lying down along the ridge shoulder slope can be suitably scooped up.
[0073]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the scraping device 10 includes left and right driving pulleys 10A disposed laterally at an upper end thereof, left and right driven pulleys 10B laterally disposed at a lower end thereof, and It is constituted by an endless belt 10C wound around the upper and lower pulleys 10A, 10B. Each endless belt 10C employs a rubber belt in which a plurality of locking claws 10a protruding outward are integrally formed at a predetermined pitch.
[0074]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, and 6, the soil loosening tool 11 on the right side enters the soil below the bulb Zb from the ridge on the right side in the traveling direction and surrounds the bulb Zb for one right end. It is formed in an L-shape for breaking up the soil. The soil loosening tool 11 on the left side is formed in an inverted L-shape that enters the soil below the bulb Zb from the left and right center of the ridge and cuts off the soil around the bulb Zb in the second row from the right end. Further, each earth loosening tool 11 is attached to one end of a balance arm 17 that is swingably supported on the left and right sides of the body frame 1 around a horizontal axis P1. A reciprocating swing drive in the front-rear direction around the horizontal axis P1 is performed by power. With this configuration, the soil around the bulb Zb for one row can be easily and smoothly cut down by each soil loosening tool 11, and the bulb Zb can be dug up appropriately. The pulling-out process by the leaf-stalk conveying device 12 performed after the loosening process can be suitably and smoothly performed.
[0075]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 7, the leaf-stalk transport device 12 includes left and right drive pulleys 12 </ b> A laterally disposed at a lower end thereof as a rotating body disposed at a transport start end thereof. It is composed of left and right driven pulleys 12B disposed laterally at the upper end, and an endless belt 12C as an endless rotating band wound around the upper and lower pulleys 12A and 12B. Each drive pulley 12A is supported by a free end of a swing frame 12E that is connected to the fixed frame 12D so as to swing left and right around the fulcrum X. The swing frame 12E can be fixed in a desired swing posture by a fixture 12F. That is, the leaf-stalk transport device 12 is configured to be able to change the interval between the left and right drive pulleys 12A, and from this configuration, the thickness and transport amount of the leaf-stalk Za of the onion Z cultivated in the field to be harvested By changing the distance between the left and right drive pulleys 12A in accordance with the condition, the leaf stem Za can be suitably supported by the leaf stem transport device 12, and the soil around the bulb Zb is loosened. The onion Z can be suitably pulled up to be pulled out of the field, and the distance between the left and right drive pulleys 12A can be changed so that the soil release tool 11 acts on the soil around the bulb Zb. The leaf stem supporting state of the stem conveying device 12 is a state in which the leaf stem conveying device 12 supports the leaf stem Za from the left and right without clamping the leaf stem Za, or a state in which the leaf stem conveying device 12 clamps the leaf stem Za without pulling it up. , Leaf and stem feeder 12 is state sandwiched pulling slightly the leaf and stem Za, the various conditions such as, has to be adjusted depending on the type and state of growth of onion Z harvesting.
[0076]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8, the position aligning and transporting device 13 has a rotating body disposed at the transport starting end and a laterally disposed left and right disposed at the front end. , A left and right driven pulley 13B disposed laterally at the rear end thereof, and an endless belt 13C wound around the front and rear pulleys 13A and 13B. Is arranged in a posture in which the lower side in the transport direction is separated from the leaf-stalk transport device 12, and the leaf Za is allowed to be lifted up by the leaf-stalk transport device 12 until the bulbs Zb abut. And the leaf Za is clamped and conveyed rearward while the lifting of the leaf Za is prevented by the foliage transport device 12 with the abutment of the bulb Zb.
[0077]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4 to 6, and 8 to 11, the leaf cutting device 14 is configured by a disk cutter 14 </ b> A supported by a hip folding frame 18. The buckling frame 18 includes a first arm 18A in the form of a square pipe which is vertically swingably supported on a counter shaft 20 to which work power from the gear type transmission 3 is transmitted via a work clutch 19 and the like. The second arm 18B in the form of a square pipe, which is connected to the free end of the one arm 18A so as to be able to swing up and down, is configured to be able to bend and extend freely, and the free end of the second arm 18B is mounted on the body frame 1. It is vertically slidably supported by the sliding guide portion 21. From this configuration, the position of the leaf cutting device 14 can be adjusted in the vertical direction, and by this position adjustment, the length of the bulb Zb side can be adjusted to a desired length (for example, the bulb Zb side after harvesting can be adjusted by a predetermined amount). (For example, a length that facilitates the work of bundling). Reference numeral 21A in FIGS. 4 and 9 denotes a fixture provided on the sliding guide 21 for fixing the leaf cutting device 14 at a desired height position.
[0078]
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 4, and FIG. 7, below the driven pulley 12B on the right side of the foliage transport device 12, a rotating body 12G with a projection that rotates integrally with the driven pulley 12B is provided. A discharge guide 12H extending rightward and outward along the rotating body 12G with the projection extends from the fixed frame 12D, so that the leaf stem Za side after the cutting by the leaf cutting device 14 becomes a ridge on the right side of the machine body. Is to be dropped.
[0079]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 8, a release mechanism 22 that arranges and discharges the bulb Zb side after cutting by the leaf cutting device 14 sideways on a field at a rear end of the alignment conveying device 13 in a posture. Is equipped. The release mechanism 22 includes upper and lower guide rods 22A and 22B for switching the bulb Zb side to the downside posture with the conveyance by the alignment conveyance device 13, a drive pulley 22C disposed behind the alignment conveyance device 13, and a drive pulley 22C. Pulley 22D disposed below the endless belt, an endless belt with projections that is wound around the pulleys 22C and 22D and that discharges and conveys the bulb Zb side toward the field by the clamping action with the lower guide rod 22B. 22E, etc.
[0080]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 and FIGS. 9 to 11, the raising device 9 is configured such that the working power transmitted to the counter shaft 20 is transmitted to the first shaft transmission unit 23 in the front-rear direction and the second shaft transmission unit 24 in the left-right direction. The operation is performed by being transmitted to each drive sprocket 9C via the like. The leaf stem conveying device 12 operates by transmitting the working power transmitted to the counter shaft 20 to the left and right drive pulleys 12A via the worm-type transmission unit 25, the transmission chain 26, and the like. . Incidentally, the drive pulley 12A on the left side of the foliage transport device 12 is drive-coupled to a forward rotation gear 27 on which a transmission chain 26 is hung on the abdomen, and the drive pulley 12A on the right side of the foliage transport device 12 is connected to the transmission chain 26. Is operatively connected to a reverse gear 28 hung on the back side, whereby the left and right endless belts 12C are driven to be nipped and conveyed rearward. The scraping device 10 operates by transmitting the working power taken out from each driven pulley 12A of the leaf stem transport device 12 to the left and right drive pulleys 10A via the left and right transmission chains 29 and the like. ing. The aligning and conveying device 13 is configured such that the working power transmitted to each drive pulley 10A of the scraping device 10 is transmitted to the left and right drive pulleys 13A via the left and right transmission chains 30 and the bevel gear type transmission unit 31 and the like. It is designed to work with. The release mechanism 22 is configured to operate by transmitting the working power taken out from the driven pulley 13B on the left side of the alignment conveyance device 13 to the drive pulley 22C via the bevel gear type transmission 32 or the like. . The leaf cutting device 14 is configured such that the working power transmitted to the counter shaft 20 is supplied to the first transmission chain 33 contained in the first arm 18A, the second transmission chain 34 contained in the second arm 18B, and the second transmission chain 34. The operation is performed by being transmitted to the disc cutter 14A via a bevel gear type transmission section 35 which is operatively connected to the transmission chain 34. The left and right earth loosening tools 11 are operated by transmitting the working power transmitted to the counter shaft 20 to the balance arm 17 via the eccentric cam 36, the operating rod 37, and the like.
[0081]
FIG. 12 shows a schematic overall side view of a general-purpose onion harvester changed to a multi-specification, FIG. 13 shows a schematic plan view thereof, and FIG. 14 shows a schematic front view thereof. The harvester removes the weeding tool 9G and the left and right earth loosening tools 11 from the open-field specification, cuts the leaf stem Za supported by the leaf-stalk transport device 12 at a predetermined position a, and removes the leaf stem Za side. And a cutting device 38 for separating into the bulb Zb side, and a landslide 39 that cuts in the soil around the bulb Zb by entering the soil below the bulb Zb after cutting by the cutting device 38, and the like, For each reciprocating two-step work traveling on one ridge, for each onion Z on the right side in the traveling direction, a leaf stem Za of an onion Z protruding from a multi-film F covering the ridge surface is put on a bulb Zb. State left And the soil cutting around the bulbs Zb is crushed with a crusher 39 after the leaf cutting, and the four-row onion Z cultivated in the ridges. It is designed to be able to be collected.
[0082]
As shown in FIGS. 11, 12 and 14, the cutting device 38 includes left and right disk cutters 38 </ b> A interlockingly connected to the left and right driving pulleys 13 </ b> A of the alignment conveyance device 13 via spacers 40. The work is transmitted by the work power transmitted to the alignment conveyance device 13. With this configuration, the assembling of the cutting device 38 can be facilitated and the transmission structure for the cutting device 38 can be simplified. The cutting device 38 can be adjusted in the vertical direction by replacing the spacers 40 having different lengths, whereby the length of the bulb Zb side can be adjusted to a desired length (for example, the bulb Zb after harvesting). The sides are bundled in a predetermined amount, and are bundled into a predetermined length.
[0083]
As described above, the leaf-stalk transport device 12 can change the distance between the left and right drive pulleys 12A. From this configuration, in the multi-spec, the onion Z cultivated in the field to be harvested is used. By changing the distance between the left and right drive pulleys 12A according to the thickness and the transport amount of the leaf stem Za, the leaf stem Za at a predetermined position a before being cut by the cutting device 38 is suitable for the leaf stem transport device 12. , And the leaf stem Za side after cutting can be suitably pinched and conveyed. In addition, by changing the interval between the left and right drive pulleys 12A, the cutting device 38 can be supported by the leaf stem Za. At the time of acting on the leaf stem conveying device 12, the state where the leaf stem conveying device 12 supports the left and right without clamping the leaf stem Za, and the leaf stem conveying device 12 does not pull up the leaf stem Za The state of pinching, Or, leaf and stem feeder 12 is state sandwiched pulling slightly the leaf and stem Za, the various conditions such as, and is to be adjusted depending on the type and state of growth of onion Z harvesting.
[0084]
As shown in FIGS. 13 to 15, the crusher 39 is formed in an L-shape that enters the soil below the bulb Zb from the ridge on the right side in the traveling direction and cuts the soil around the two bulbs Zb on the right side. ing. In addition, the crusher 39 is easily attached to a lateral support shaft 41 previously mounted on the right front part of the traveling body A so as to be able to swing back and forth around its axis P2, and a gear type transmission. 3 is reciprocatingly oscillatingly driven in the front-rear direction by the working power, whereby the soil around two bulbs Zb can be easily and smoothly cut off, and the bulb Zb side Can be suitably dug up, so that the collection of the bulb Zb side, which is manually performed after the operation traveling, can be easily performed.
[0085]
In front of the landslide 39, by cutting into the soil on the right ridge where the horizontal side edge of the multi-film F exists on the ridge on which the traveling body A straddles, the multi-film F is cut to the extent that it does not hinder work traveling. An L-shaped partitioning tool 42 for lifting the right end from the ridge is provided. The diving tool 42 is mounted so as to be able to swing back and forth around the horizontal axis P1 using the balance arm 17 from which the right dicing tool 11 has been removed. The drive system of the soil loosening tool 11 can be easily mounted so as to be able to swing back and forth without providing a dedicated support member for the work implement 42. With the working power transmitted from the counter shaft 20 transmitted via the eccentric cam 36, the operating rod 37, and the like, the partitioning tool 42 can be reciprocally oscillated in the front-rear direction. As a result, the right end of the multi-film F is moved from the ridge by the reciprocating swinging drive of the partitioning tool 42 in the front-rear direction while simplifying the support structure of the partitioning tool 42 and the transmission structure to the partitioning tool 42. It can be suitably floated, so that the multi-film F can be easily peeled off by hand or by a multi-stripping device after the work traveling. In addition, by arranging the earth-cutting tool 42 in front of the earth-moving tool 39, the earth-moving tool 39 is positioned below the bulb Zb from the ridge portion where the multi-film F is raised and cut by the earth-moving tool 42. When the soil breaker 39 cuts the soil around the bulbs Zb for two rows while cutting into the soil on the right ridge where the one side edge of the multi-film F exists, because the soil breaker 39 comes into the soil by itself. As compared with the above, the winding of the multi-film F around the landslide 39 and the like can be prevented, and the soil around the two rows of bulbs Zb can be smoothly cut with low resistance.
[0086]
As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the earthmoving tool 39 is interlockingly connected via a link rod 43 to the right balance arm 17 to which the earthcutting tool 42 is attached. That is, the landslide 39 is also reciprocally oscillated in the front-rear direction by using the eccentric cam 36 and the operating rod 37 provided as a drive system of the soil releaser 11, so that the countershaft 20 is driven. The transmission structure can be simplified as compared with a case where a dedicated drive system extending from the ground up to the landslide 39 is newly provided.
[0087]
As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, 16 and 17, the raising device 9 is configured such that the weeding tool 9 </ b> G is removed from each raising case 9 </ b> B, and the hard locking claws provided on the raising case 9 </ b> B other than the right end. 9A is replaced with a soft, short locking claw 9H formed of the same length as the hard locking claw 9A with a soft material such as elastically deformable rubber, and provided on the right end raising case 9B. Each of the hard locking claws 9A is replaced with a soft and long locking claw 9J made of a soft material such as elastically deformable rubber and formed longer than the hard locking claw 9A. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of inconvenience such as the weeding tool 9G and the hard locking claw 9A piercing the multi-film F, and to prevent the multi-film F from being entangled with the fuselage due to the tear. Also, the leaf claw Za lying down on the multi-film F can be suitably scooped up without damaging the multi-film F irrespective of the ridge shoulders and the like by the locking claws 9H and 9J. In addition, since each of the soft locking claws 9H and 9J is received and supported by the above-described hard claw holder 9F, the leaf stem Za can be suitably caused without losing the weight of the leaf stem Za. It has become.
[0088]
In short, this onion harvester switches the weeding tool 9G and the soil loosening tool 11 to the non-operation state by removal, and attaches the cutting device 38, the landslide 39, and the soil cutting tool 42 to the operation state. By performing switching or the like, it is possible to change the specification from the open-field specification to the multi-specification. By changing the landslide 39 and the earth-breaker 42 to a non-operating state, the specification can be changed from the multi-spec to the open-field specification.
[0089]
[Second embodiment]
FIG. 18 shows a mulch used for harvesting an onion Z cultivated (so-called multi-cultivation) in a field which is ridged and whose ridge surface is directly covered with a multi-film F (such as a plastic film) made of synthetic resin. The entire side surface of the dedicated onion harvester is shown, and as shown in FIGS. 19 to 21, the onion harvester is a walking-type traveling aircraft having the same configuration as the traveling aircraft A illustrated in the first embodiment. A, a raising device 9 for raising the right-hand two-leaves Za of the four-leaves Za protruding from the multi-film F of the straddling ridge by the vertical rotation of the locking claws 9H and 9J. Device 10 for scraping the leaf stem Za that has been taken to the predetermined position a by the horizontal movement of the locking claw 10a, cutting the leaf stem Za at the predetermined position a and separating it into the leaf stem Za side and the bulb Zb side Cutting device 38, predetermined position a leaf carrier conveying device 12 that supports the leaf stem Za and cuts and transports the leaf stem Za side after cutting, and cuts the soil under the bulb Zb after cutting to remove the soil around the bulb Zb. Each of the two reciprocating work processes for one row of ridges is provided with a landslide 39 for cutting and performing a leaf cutting process and a landslide process on the two onions Z on the right side in the traveling direction. By applying, the four onions Z cultivated in the ridge can be recovered.
[0090]
Incidentally, also in the second embodiment, the traveling body A can change the tread in accordance with the ridge width of the work target, and the elevating device is operated by the operation handle 15 for adjusting the position of the front wheel 7 in the vertical direction. 9 can be changed to a height position corresponding to the height of the ridge to be worked.
[0091]
As shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, similarly to the multi-specification device exemplified in the above-described first embodiment, the pulling device 9 is configured such that a predetermined interval according to the cultivation interval of the onion Z is separated in the left-right direction. Three raised cases 9B supported by the frame 1 in a vertically inclined backward posture, a drive sprocket 9C vertically disposed at an upper end of each raised case 9B, and a vertically disposed lower end of each raised case 9B. A driven sprocket 9D, an endless chain 9E wound around each of the upper and lower sprockets 9C, 9D, and a predetermined pitch so as to be able to swing up and down between a falling posture along the endless chain 9E and a standing posture protruding outward. And a plurality of claw holders 9F attached to the endless chain 9E, and each of the claw holders 9F mounted on the raising case 9B other than the right end is elastically deformable. A soft locking claw 9H formed of a soft material such as a rubber is screwed, and each claw holder 9F mounted on the rightmost raising case 9B is provided with a soft material such as an elastically deformable rubber. A soft locking claw 9J formed longer than the locking claw 9H is screwed. A hard material G such as a thermosetting plastic is employed for each claw holder 9F. As a result, the leaf stem Za that has fallen down on the multi-film F can be suitably scooped up by the respective locking claws 9H and 9J without damaging the multi-film F regardless of the ridge shoulders, etc. 9F receives and supports each of the locking claws 9H and 9J, so that the leaf stem Za can be suitably caused without losing the weight of the leaf stem Za.
[0092]
As shown in FIG. 19, since the scraping device 10 has the same configuration as that of the above-described first embodiment, the description of the configuration is given by adding the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment. Omitted.
[0093]
As shown in FIGS. 18 to 23, the cutting device 38 is configured by a disk cutter 38B supported by the hip folding frame 44 so as to be located at a predetermined position a. The buckling frame 44 includes a square pipe-shaped first arm 44A and a first arm 44, which are vertically swingably supported on a counter shaft 20 to which work power from the gear type transmission 3 is transmitted via a work clutch 19 or the like. A square pipe-shaped second arm 44B connected to the free end of the second arm 44B so as to be able to swing up and down, a square pipe-shaped third arm 44C connected to the free end of the second arm 44B so as to be able to swing up and down, etc. The free end of the third arm 44C is bolted to the body frame 1 via the first connector 45 and the second connector 46. The first connecting member 45 is bent in a U-shape, and has a long hole 45a at the joint portion 45A with the body frame 1 for enabling position adjustment with respect to the body frame 1 in the front-rear direction. A long hole 45b is formed in the joint 45B with the second connecting tool 46 to enable the vertical position of the second connecting tool 46 to be adjusted. From this configuration, the cutting device 38 is configured to be position-adjustable in the front-back and up-and-down directions, and by this position adjustment, the cutting of the leaf stem Za by the cutting device 38 is performed at a predetermined position a regardless of an assembly error or the like. And the length of the bulb Zb side to a desired length (for example, a length that facilitates the bundling operation of bundling and bundling the bulbs Zb side in a predetermined amount after harvesting). It can be trimmed. Reference numeral 47 in FIGS. 20 and 21 denotes a U-shaped cutting guide rod extending from the body frame 1 toward the cutting device 38 so as to guide the leaf stem Za toward the cutting device 38.
[0094]
As shown in FIG. 18 and FIG. 19, since the leaf-stalk conveying device 12 has the same configuration as that of the above-described first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are added, and Although description about is omitted, the onion cultivated in the field to be harvested is configured such that the interval between the left and right drive pulleys 12A can be changed similarly to the first embodiment (see FIG. 7). By changing the distance between the left and right drive pulleys 12A according to the thickness and the transport amount of the leaf stem Za of Z, the leaf stem Za can be suitably supported by the leaf stem transport device 12 and cut. The subsequent leaf stem Za side can be appropriately pinched and transported, and by changing the interval between the left and right drive pulleys 12A, the leaf stem transport at the time when the cutting device 38 acts on the leaf stem Za is performed. Device 12 The stem supporting state is a state in which the leaf conveying device 12 supports the left and right without clamping the leaf stem Za, a state in which the leaf conveying device 12 clamps the leaf stem Za without lifting, or a case in which the leaf conveying device 12 The stalk Za can be adjusted to various states, such as a state in which the stem Za is slightly pulled up, depending on the type of the onion Z to be harvested and the growing state.
[0095]
Below the right driven pulley 12B in the foliage transport device 12, a rotating body 12G with a projection that rotates integrally with the driven pulley 12B is provided, and from the fixed frame 12D on the left side, along the rotating body 12G with the projection. A discharge guide 12H extending rightward and outward is extended, so that the leaf stem Za, which is pinched and transported by the leaf transport device 12, is dropped into a ridge on the right side of the machine body.
[0096]
As shown in FIG. 18, FIG. 20, and FIG. 21, the landslide 39 is an L-shape that enters the soil below the bulb Zb from the ridge on the right side in the traveling direction and cuts the soil around the bulbs Zb for two right rows. It is formed in a shape. The landslide 39 is supported on the right side of the body frame 1 so as to be swingable around the horizontal axis P3, and is also moved in the front-rear direction around the horizontal axis P3 by the working power from the gear type transmission 3. It is designed to be reciprocatingly driven. From this configuration, the soil around the bulb Zb for two rows can be easily and smoothly cut down by the crusher 39, and the bulb Zb side can be dug up appropriately, so that work traveling can be performed. The collection of the bulb Zb side, which is performed manually after the end, can be easily performed.
[0097]
In front of the landslide 39, by cutting into the soil on the right ridge where the horizontal side edge of the multi-film F exists on the ridge on which the traveling body A straddles, the multi-film F is cut to the extent that it does not hinder work traveling. An L-shaped partitioning tool 42 for lifting the right end from the ridge is provided. The earthening device 42 is swingably supported on the right side of the body frame 1 around the horizontal axis P4, and reciprocates around the horizontal axis P4 by working power from the gear type transmission 3. It is driven to swing. From this configuration, the right end of the multi-film F can be appropriately floated from the ridge, so that the multi-film F can be easily peeled off by hand or by the multi-stripping device after the operation traveling. It has become. In addition, by arranging the earth-cutting tool 42 in front of the earth-moving tool 39, the earth-moving tool 39 is positioned below the bulb Zb from the ridge portion where the multi-film F is raised and cut by the earth-moving tool 42. When the soil breaker 39 cuts the soil around the bulbs Zb for two rows while cutting into the soil on the right ridge where the one side edge of the multi-film F exists, because the soil breaker 39 comes into the soil by itself. As compared with the above, the winding of the multi-film F around the landslide 39 and the like can be prevented, and the soil around the two rows of bulbs Zb can be smoothly cut with low resistance.
[0098]
As shown in FIGS. 18 to 23, the raising device 9 is configured such that the working power transmitted to the counter shaft 20 is transmitted through the first shaft transmission unit 23 in the front-rear direction and the second shaft transmission unit 24 in the left-right direction. It operates by being transmitted to the driving sprocket 9C. The leaf stem conveying device 12 operates by transmitting the working power transmitted to the counter shaft 20 to the left and right drive pulleys 12A via the worm-type transmission unit 25, the transmission chain 26, and the like. . Incidentally, the drive pulley 12A on the left side of the foliage transport device 12 is drive-coupled to a forward rotation gear 27 on which a transmission chain 26 is hung on the abdomen, and the drive pulley 12A on the right side of the foliage transport device 12 is connected to the transmission chain 26. Is operatively connected to a reverse gear 28 hung on the back side, whereby the left and right endless belts 12C are driven to be nipped and conveyed rearward. The scraping device 10 operates so that the working power taken out from the left and right driven pulleys 12B of the leaf stem conveying device 12 is transmitted to the left and right drive pulleys 10A via the left and right transmission chains 29 and the like. Has become. The cutting device 38 transmits the working power transmitted to the counter shaft 20 to the first transmission chain 48 contained in the first arm 44A, the second transmission chain 49 contained in the second arm 44B, and the third arm 44C. The operation is performed by being transmitted to the disk cutter 38B via the third transmission chain 50 provided therein, a bevel gear type transmission portion 51 which is transmission-connected to the third transmission chain 50, and the like. The partitioning tool 42 operates by transmitting the working power transmitted to the counter shaft 20 via the eccentric cam 36, the operating rod 37, and the like. The crusher 39 is operated by transmitting the working power transmitted to the crusher 42 via the link rod 43, and is a dedicated drive from the counter shaft 20 to the crusher 39. The transmission structure can be simplified as compared with a case where a system is newly provided.
[0099]
[Another embodiment]
Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be listed.
[1] As an onion harvesting machine, a riding type traveling machine A is equipped with a pulling device 9, a scraping device 10, a cutting device 38, a leaf stem transport device 12, and a crusher 39, and is a general-purpose type. Alternatively, it may be configured as a multi-dedicated type.
[2] In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the configuration is such that all the onions Z cultivated in the ridge can be collected by two reciprocating work runs on one ridge. Although the onion harvesting machine illustrated is exemplified, the onion harvesting machine is configured to be able to collect all the onions Z cultivated in the ridges in a work traveling only one step on one ridge. May be done.
[3] In the first and second embodiments described above, the onion harvester that acts on the two onions Z on the right side in the traveling direction is illustrated for each work traveling in two reciprocations on one ridge. However, the onion harvesting machine may be configured to act on the two onions Z on the left side in the traveling direction for each work traveling in two reciprocations on one ridge.
[4] In the general-purpose onion harvester exemplified in the first embodiment described above, the action by attaching and detaching the weeding tool 9G, the cutting device 38, the soil loosening tool 11, the crushing tool 39, and the soil cutting tool 42. Although the configuration is changed to the open-field specification and the multi-specification by switching between the state and the non-operation state, the weeding tool 9G, the cutting device 38, the soil loosening tool 11, the landslide 39, and the soil cutting tool 42 The specification may be changed between the open-field specification and the multi-specification by switching between the operation state and the non-operation state by changing the posture between the operation posture and the retreat posture.
[5] In the first embodiment described above, when changing the specifications of the general-purpose onion harvester between the open-field specification and the multi-specification, the raising device 9 uses the hard locking claw 9A and the soft locking claw 9H, Although the replacement with 9J is performed, the entire raising device 9 having the hard locking claws 9A and the entire raising device 9 having the soft locking claws 9H and 9J may be replaced.
[6] In the multi-purpose general-purpose onion harvester exemplified in the first embodiment and the multi-dedicated onion harvester exemplified in the second embodiment, the right-most raising case 9B of the raising device 9 has By equipping the locking claw 9J with a longer length than the locking claw 9H provided on the raising case 9B other than the raising case 9B, the leaf stem Za lying down on the ridge shoulder on the multi-film F can be suitably scooped up. 24, as shown in FIG. 24, the right-most raising case 9B of the raising device 9 has the same length as the locking claw 9H mounted on the other raising case 9B. By extending the raising case 9B at the right end downward longer than the other raising cases 9B, the leaf stem Za lying down on the ridge shoulder on the multi-film F can be suitably scooped up. Moyo .
[7] As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 25, as the landslide 39, the soil near the bulb Zb at the right end by shallowly entering the soil below the bulb Zb from the ridge on the right side in the traveling direction is used. An L-shaped first crusher 39A having a cut-out shape, and the soil portion cut by the first crusher 39A penetrates deeply into the soil below the bulbs Zb to crush the soil around the bulbs Zb in the second row from the right end. In addition to adopting a double-type one comprising an L-shaped second landslide 39B, the left and right intermediate portions of the multi-film F are moved in the advancing direction at a position behind the cutting device 38 instead of the divider 42. May be adopted. Although not shown in the drawings, a multi-cutter 52 may be used instead of the earth-cutting tool 42 while using a single L-shaped earth-smashing tool 39. By the way, if this configuration is adopted in an onion harvesting machine which performs two reciprocating work runs on one ridge, if the multi-film F is cut by the multi-cutter 52 during the work process in the outward process, Since the inconvenience that the multi-film F is entangled with the fuselage side during the work traveling in the return path is likely to occur, the multi-cutter 52 is configured to be switchable between the operating position and the retracted position as shown in FIG. The above-mentioned inconvenience may be avoided by operating the multi-cutter 52 only at the time of the work traveling. In this alternative embodiment, the operation rod 37 is connected to the first landslide 39A, and the first landslide 39A and the second landslide 39B are interlocked via the linkage rod 53, so that The first crusher 39A and the second crusher 39B are driven to swing back and forth by working power from the gear type transmission 3.
[8] As shown in FIGS. 26A and 26B, the left and right intermediate portions of the multi-film F are cut along the advancing direction at a position behind the cutting device 38 instead of the soil cutting device 42. A multi-cutter 52 is adopted, and as the landslide 39, a T-shaped one that rushes into the soil from a cut portion of the multi-film F by the multi-cutter 52 and cuts all the soil around the bulbs Zb for four rows at once. You may make it employ | adopt. By the way, when this configuration is adopted in an onion harvesting machine that performs two reciprocating work runs on one ridge, the multi-film 52 cuts the multi-film F during the outgoing work work, and landslides are performed. If the tool 39 breaks down the soil around the bulbs Zb for four lines at a stroke, the inconvenience that the multi-film F is entangled with the machine side during the return travel work is likely to occur, and the rising and tilting of the bulbs Zb Since it is difficult for the cutting device 38 to cut the leaf stem Za from the bulb Zb at a desired length, as shown in the figure, the multi-cutter 52 and the landslide 39 are moved to the working posture and the retracting posture. The switch may be configured to be switchable, and the above-described inconvenience may be avoided by operating the multi-cutter 52 and the landslide 39 only during the work traveling in the return path process. In addition, when the multi-cutter 52 and the landslide 39 are configured to be capable of switching positions in a general-purpose onion harvester, there is no need to attach and detach them when changing the specifications between the open-field specification and the multi-type. The specification can be easily changed. In this alternative embodiment, the crusher 39 and the multi-cutter 52 are operatively connected to the counter shaft 20 via the eccentric cam 54 and the operating rod 55 so that the power from the gear-type transmission 3 can be used. It is driven to swing back and forth around the horizontal axis P5.
[9] As shown in FIGS. 26 (a) and (b), the landslide 39 is equipped with a rake-like lifting device 56 for lifting the bulbs, and the bulbs Zb on the side of the bulbs Zb, which are manually operated after the completion of the work traveling. The collection may be more easily performed. In FIGS. 26A and 26B, the T-shaped landslide 39 is provided with the lifting device 56, but is illustrated in the first and second embodiments. The L-shaped landslide 39 may be equipped with a lifting tool 56.
[10] As shown in FIG. 27, the multi-film F is moved by the action of the earth-cutting tool 42 behind the L-shaped earth-cutting tool 42 that cuts into the soil at the edge of the ridge where one side edge of the multi-film F exists. An L-shaped first crusher 39A having an L-shape that enters the soil below the bulb Zb shallowly from the raised and cut ridge portion and cuts off the soil around the bulb Zb on the right end, and the first crusher 39A. An L-shaped second crusher 39B is provided, which includes an L-shaped second crusher 39B that penetrates deeply into the soil below the bulb Zb from the cut soil portion and cuts off the soil around the bulb Zb in the second row from the right end. You may make it. In this alternative embodiment, the operation rod 37 is connected to the muller 42, and the first muller 39A and the second muller 39B are connected to the muller 42 via a link rod (not shown). By the interlocking connection, the earth breaking device 42, the first earth moving device 39A, and the second earth moving device 39B are driven to swing back and forth by working power from the gear type transmission 3.
[11] In place of the L-shaped earthenware 42, an I-shaped one may be adopted.
[12] As shown in FIG. 28, as the cutting device 38, a clipper type excellent in cutting performance for cutting the leaf Za by the left and right sliding drive of the movable blade 38 </ b> D with respect to the fixed blade 38 </ b> C supported on the body frame 1. A thing may be adopted. Incidentally, when the clipper-type cutting device 38 is employed in the general-purpose onion harvesting machine exemplified in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. If the balance arm 17 and the crank arm 38E of the cutting device 38 are linked and connected via the link rod 57, the cutting device 38 can be driven by effectively using the drive system of the landslide 39. As a result, the transmission structure can be simplified. Further, if the movable blade 38D is slidably driven left and right via an eccentric cam (not shown) which rotates integrally with one driving pulley 13A of the alignment conveyance device 13, the transmission structure is simplified. Thus, the cutting device 38 can be driven. On the other hand, when the clipper-type cutting device 38 is employed in the multi-dedicated onion harvesting machine exemplified in the second embodiment, the balance arm 17 which is a driving system of the crusher 39 and the like is connected to the crank arm of the cutting device 38. If the 38E is interlocked and connected via a link rod (not shown), the cutting device 38 can be driven while simplifying the transmission structure. In the configuration shown in FIG. 28, if the operation rod 37, which is the drive system of the left landslide 39, is linked to the crank arm 38E of the cutting device 38, the transmission structure can be simplified. It is possible to achieve more effectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing a configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in an open-field specification.
FIG. 2 is an overall plan view showing a configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in an open-field specification.
FIG. 3 is an overall front view showing a configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in an open-field specification.
FIG. 4 is a schematic overall side view showing a configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in an open-field specification.
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing a configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in an open-field specification.
FIG. 6 is a schematic front view showing a configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in an open-air specification;
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a configuration of a leaf stem conveying device.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a configuration of a position aligning and conveying device.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a leaf cutting device.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a configuration of a leaf cutting device.
FIG. 11 shows a transmission system of a general-purpose onion harvester.
FIG. 12 is a schematic overall side view showing a configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in a multi-specification.
FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing a configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in a multi-specification.
FIG. 14 is a schematic front view showing the configuration of a general-purpose onion harvester in a multi-specification.
FIG. 15 is a side view of a main part showing the arrangement of the earthen crusher and the crusher and the drive system.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a main part showing a replacement structure of a hard locking claw and a soft locking claw.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a main part showing a replacement structure of a hard locking claw and a soft and long locking claw.
FIG. 18 is an overall side view showing the configuration of a multi-purpose type onion harvester.
FIG. 19 is a schematic overall side view showing the configuration of a multi-purpose type onion harvester.
FIG. 20 is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of a multi-purpose dedicated onion harvester.
FIG. 21 is a schematic front view showing the configuration of a multi-purpose type onion harvester.
FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a cutting device in a multi-purpose type onion harvester.
FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a transmission system of a multi-purpose type onion harvester.
FIG. 24 is a front view of a raising device showing another embodiment in which the raising case is elongated.
FIG. 25 (a) is a schematic side view showing another embodiment provided with a double-type crusher and a multi-cutter. (B) Another embodiment provided with a double-type crusher and a multi-cutter. Schematic plan view shown
FIG. 26 (a) is a schematic side view showing another embodiment including a T-shaped crusher, a multi-cutter and a lifting tool.
(B) A schematic front view showing another embodiment including a T-shaped landslide, a multi-cutter, and a lifting tool.
FIG. 27 is a schematic plan view showing another embodiment in which a double-type earth-removing tool is disposed behind the earth-cutting tool.
FIG. 28 is a schematic plan view showing another embodiment employing a clipper-type cutting device.
[Explanation of symbols]
A traveling aircraft
F Multi film
Z onion
Za leaf stem
Zb bulb
a Predetermined position
9 Raising device
9A Hard locking claw
9H soft locking claw
9J Soft locking claw
10 Scraping device
10a Locking claw
12 Leaf stem transfer device
12A Rotating body
12C endless rotating belt
13 Alignment transfer device
13A Rotating body
14 Leaf cutting device
38 Cutting device
39 Earthquake
39A The first landslide
39B 2nd clay crusher
42 earthenware
52 Multi cutter
56 lifting equipment

Claims (16)

In the traveling machine, a raising device that causes the onion leaf stem protruding from the multi-film covering the ridge surface to be caused by the vertical rotation of the locking claw, and the raised leaf stem is scraped to a predetermined position by the horizontal rotation of the locking claw. A squeezing device, a cutting device that cuts the leaf stem at the predetermined position and separates it into a leaf side and a bulb side, and supports the leaf stem at the predetermined position and clamps the leaf side after cutting. A leaf conveying device that discharges and conveys the soil, a crusher that cuts the soil below the bulb after cutting and cuts the soil around the bulb, and a ridgeside soil where one side edge of the multi-film exists. Onion harvester equipped with a soil cutting tool that cuts into the ground . The onion harvesting machine according to claim 1, further comprising a multi-cutter for cutting the left and right intermediate portions of the multi-film along the traveling direction at a position behind the cutting device. A raising device for causing the onion leaf stalks cultivated in the field to move by a vertical rotation of the locking claw, and a scraping device for scraping the raised leaf stalk to a predetermined position by the horizontal rotation of the locking claw on the traveling machine. A leaf conveying device that receives the stalks raked at the predetermined position by a pair of left and right endless rotating belts, and pulls up and rearwards upward to pinch and conveys the leaf stem; The leaf is arranged at a position that is more distant from the leaf stem transport device toward the side, and starts clamping the leaf stem at a position behind the predetermined position, and until the bulb comes in contact with the leaf stem, the leaf stem is attached to the leaf. The leaf carrier is pinched and conveyed rearward while allowing the pulling by the stem conveying device, and the leaf stem is pinched and conveyed rearward while preventing the leaf stem from being pulled up by the leaf stem conveying device with the abutment of the bulb. Position set to pinch And a leaf cutting device that cuts a predetermined height position from the bulb between both clamping positions of the leaf stems clamped by the both transportation devices and separates the stem into the bulb side and the bulb side. ,
A cutting device that cuts the leaf stem supported by the leaf stem transport device at the predetermined position and separates the stem into the bulb side and the bulb side, and enters the soil below the bulb after cutting by the cutting device. A crusher that cuts off the soil around the bulbs, and a cut-off tool that cuts into the soil at the ridge where the lateral end of the multi- film exists is provided so as to be switchable between an active state and a non-active state,
By switching between the soil cutting member and the cutting device and the soil loosening tool in a non-activated condition, the open field specifications withdrawing the onions from the field at a pulling of the leaf stems by the leaf stems conveying device, loosening the soil and the cutting device Tool and the earth-cutting tool are switched to the operating state, and after cutting the onion leaf stem protruding from the multi-film covering the ridge surface with the cutting device, the soil around the bulb is cut with the earth-crushing tool. And an onion harvesting machine configured to be able to change the specification to a multi-specification in which soil on a ridge where one lateral end of the multi-film is present is cut with the soil cutter . 4. The onion harvester according to claim 3 , wherein the raising device is configured to be changeable between an open-air specification having a hard locking claw and a multi-specification having an elastically deformable soft locking claw. Wherein the multi-cutter for cutting along a traveling direction of the right and left intermediate portions of the mulch film, to the rear position than the cutting device, according to claim 3 or 4, wherein are equipped to be switched to the working state and the inoperative state Onion harvester. 4. The onion harvester according to claim 1 , wherein the crushing tool is configured to enter the soil below the bulb from a ridge portion cut by the cutting tool. 5. A first crusher that shallowly enters the soil below the bulb, and a second crusher that penetrates deeply into the soil below the bulb from the soil portion cut by the first crusher. 7. The onion harvester according to claim 6, which is constructed. The onion harvester according to claim 2 or 5 , wherein the crusher is configured to protrude into the soil from a cut portion of the multi-film by the multi-cutter. The onion harvester according to claim 8, wherein the multi-cutter and the crusher are switchable between an operating position and a retracting position. The onion harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein an interval between left and right rotating bodies provided at a transport start end of the leaf stem transport device can be changed. The onion harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein the landslide is equipped with a rake-like lifting device for lifting a bulb. The onion harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , wherein a position of the cutting device is adjustable. The onion harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein the traveling body is configured as a walking type. The onion harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , wherein the crusher is reciprocally driven in a front-rear direction. The onion harvester according to claim 14 , wherein the cutting device is configured as a hair clipper, and the cutting device is interlocked to a drive system of the crusher. The onion harvesting machine according to any one of claims 3 to 5 , wherein the cutting device is interlockedly connected to a rotating body disposed at a transport start end of the alignment transport device.

Images