JP3576853B2

JP3576853B2 - Liquid fuel supply structure

Info

Publication number: JP3576853B2
Application number: JP03575899A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 裕也山本; 芳隆加藤; 国雄中添
Original assignee: サンポット株式会社
Priority date: 1999-02-15
Filing date: 1999-02-15
Publication date: 2004-10-13
Anticipated expiration: 2019-02-15
Also published as: JP2000234727A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
油タンクから落差を利用して液体燃料（主として灯油）を燃焼器に供給する燃料供給構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、燃焼器の設置面より２．０ｍ以上高いところに設置した油タンクから落差を利用して液体燃料（主として灯油）を燃焼器に供給する燃料供給構造にあっては、油タンクと燃焼器とを接続する燃料供給管に、燃焼器に供給される燃料の供給圧を一定にするための減圧弁を介在させている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、燃料供給管内に浸入したゴミ等の異物によって減圧弁の減圧作用が低下すると、減圧弁の下流側の燃料供給管内の燃料の圧力が増大し、これによって、ポットバーナ等の燃焼器にあっては、燃焼器側に備える定油面器の安全装置が作動したり、又、該安全装置が正しく作動しない場合は定油面器から燃料が溢れ出るといった不具合がある。
【０００４】
又、ガンタイプ等の圧力噴霧式燃焼器にあっては、バーナに燃料を圧送する電磁ポンプの一次側の燃料の圧力が増大し、これに伴ってバーナへの燃料供給量が増え異常燃焼となるといった不具合がある。
本発明はかかる不具合を解消することを課題とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願の請求項１に記載の発明は、油タンクと該油タンクより低い位置に設けた燃焼器とを接続する燃料供給管に、減圧弁と該減圧弁の下流側に電磁開閉弁を介在させ、且つ該減圧弁の下流側の燃料供給管内の燃料圧力を検知する圧力センサを設け、該圧力センサに、減圧弁に設定される設定圧力より高い一定以上の圧力を検出したとき、前記電磁開閉弁を閉じるようにしたことで、減圧弁の減圧作用が低下しても、燃焼器側に設定圧力より高い圧力の燃料が流れることがない。
【０００６】
本願の請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の発明において、前記センサーに減圧弁に設定される設定圧力より低い一定以下の圧力を検出したとき、表示手段を作動させることで、前記圧力センサを利用して燃料切れを簡単に知ることができる。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明実施の形態を図に付き説明する。
【０００８】
図面で１は油タンク、２は該油タンク１より低い位置に設置したポット式燃焼器その他の液体燃焼器、３は該油タンク１と燃焼器２とを接続する液体燃料供給管を示し、該油タンク１は、燃焼器２の設置面より２．０ｍ以上高いところに設置して落差によって液体燃料（灯油）を燃焼器２に供給する。
【０００９】
４は燃焼器２に供給される燃料圧を決めるために該燃料供給管３に介在させた減圧弁、５は燃料供給管３の減圧弁４の下流側に介在させた電磁開閉弁を示す。減圧弁４は、図２に示すごとく弁筐６内を油タンク１に連なる一次室７と燃焼器２に連なる二次室８とに区画する仕切り壁９と、該仕切り壁９に設けた弁孔１０と、該弁孔１０の周囲の弁座１１に対向する弁体１２とを備え、該弁体１２は、これを弁座１１に圧接する側に弾発するばね１３と、二次室８内の圧力を受けて該弁体１２を弁座１１に圧接する方向に働くダイヤフラム１４と、該ダイヤフラム１４の背面に介在させた弁体１２を弁座１１から離反させる方向に弾発するばね１５を備え、ばね１３とばね１５とダイヤフラム１４に働く二次室８内との圧力バランスで、該弁座１１と弁体１２との間の隙間を調節して二次室８の圧力を一定に保つようにして成る。
【００１０】
しかし、減圧弁４の減圧作用が低下すると、例えば、弁座１１と弁体１２との間の隙間にごみが付着する等して減圧弁４が設定隙間を維持できず減圧弁４の減圧作用が低下し二次室８内の圧力が減圧弁４の設定圧力以上になると、これに伴って燃焼器２に供給される燃料量が増大し、燃料が溢れ出るといった不具合を生じる。
【００１１】
そこで、減圧弁４と電磁開閉弁５との間の燃料供給管３内の燃料の圧力を検出する圧力センサー１８を設け、該圧力センサー１８に検出される液体燃料供給管３内の圧力が減圧弁４に設定される設定圧力（０．１Ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２）より高い一定以上の圧力、例えば０．２Ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２以上を検出したとき電磁開閉弁５を閉じるようにした。
なお、１６はばね１３のばね圧を調節する調節ねじ、１７は弁筐６に設けた蓋を示す。
【００１２】
圧力センサー１８は、特に図示しないが、ストレンゲージを備えたダイヤフラムからなり、該ダイヤフラムの一側に二次室８内の圧力を作用させ、該圧力によるダイヤフラムの歪の大きさに伴うストレンゲージの電圧変化を検出し、その検出される電圧と減圧弁４の設定圧力に設定された設定電圧とを比較し、該圧力センサー１８に検出される電圧が高いとき、電磁開閉弁５を閉じるようにした。
【００１３】
なお、図１に示すものは、ポットバーナ等の燃焼器２を備える実施の態様を示し、このものでは、電磁開閉弁５を液体燃料供給管３に介在させているが、ガンタイプ等の圧力噴霧式燃焼器２にあっては、バーナに燃料を圧送する電磁ポンプに電磁開閉弁を内臓させ、消火時に該電磁開閉弁を閉じるようにしている。この電磁開閉弁を、前述するものと同様に圧力センサー１８に検出される液体燃料供給管３内の圧力が減圧弁４に設定される設定圧力より高い一定以上の圧力を検出したとき閉じることで、圧力噴霧式燃焼器２にあっても、減圧弁４の減圧作用が低下したときに一定圧力以上の燃料が供給されることがなくなり、異常に燃料が供給されることにより異常な燃焼が持続するといった不具合を解消できる。
【００１４】
なお、油タンク１内に燃料がなくなる（燃料切れ）と、該圧力センサー１８に検出される圧力が減圧弁４に設定される圧力より大幅に低下する。これを圧力センサー１８に検出させ、その検出時に表示手段１９、例えばランプを点灯させ又はブザを鳴らすようにすれば燃料切れを簡単に知らせることができる。
【００１５】
次ぎに本装置作動回路を示せば図３に示すとおりである。
該作動回路は運転スイッチ回路２０と、ＣＰＵ回路２１と、電磁弁作動回路２２とを備え、運転スイッチ回路２０に備える運転スイッチ２０ａを閉じると、該回路２０に設けたホトトランジスタＰＨ１が発光し、ＣＰＵ回路２１に設けたホトカプラｐｈ１がこの光を受光してＣＰＵ回路２１を作動状態とする。
ＣＰＵ回路２１の入力側には、前記圧力センサー１８（圧力変化に伴う電圧変化をアナログ信号として出力する）を備え、ＣＰＵ回路２１の出力側には給油ランプ又はブザー２１ａと、電磁弁作動回路２２の電磁開閉弁５に介入させたリレー接点ｒｙ１を動作させるリレーＲＹ１とを備える。
【００１６】
その動作を説明すると、圧力センサー１８に検出される圧力が設定圧力範囲にあれば、運転スイッチ２０ａの投入と同時に、リレーＲＹ１が励磁して、リレー接点ｒｙ１を閉じる。これによって電磁開閉弁５は開く。しかし、圧力センサー１８に検出される圧力が、減圧弁４に設定される圧力より高い一定以上の圧力、例えば０．２Ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２以上となりこれに応じて圧力センサー１８の出力が４Ｖ以上になると、ＣＰＵ回路２１の出力がＯＦＦし、これによってリレーＲＹ１が消磁してリレー接点ｒｙ１を開き電磁開閉弁５は閉じる。
又、圧力センサー１８に検出される圧力が減圧弁４に設定される圧力より低い一定以下の圧力、例えば０．０２Ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２以下となりこれに応じて圧力センサー１８の出力が０．４Ｖ以下になると、ＣＰＵ回路２１の出力で給油ランプ又はブザー２１ａがＯＮとなり油切れを知らせる。
【００１７】
なお、上記電磁開閉弁５は、長期に亘って燃焼器２を使用しないとき閉じて燃焼器側に燃料が流さないようにして、不使用時に燃焼器２側から燃料が漏れ出ないようにする機能を果たすが、このものでは、電磁開閉弁５と減圧弁４との間に燃料が閉じ込められ、閉じ込められた燃料が気温の上昇等によって膨脹して圧力が高まり、その圧力で減圧弁４等二次側配管部材を傷めるといった不具合を生じる。そこで、該減圧弁４の２次側の圧力を減圧弁４の上流側に流す逃し弁２３を設けたものを本願出願人は別途出願した。
この場合、該圧力の高まりを逃し弁２３で逃がす前に、該圧力の上昇を感知できれば、電磁開閉弁５を開く等して、その圧力を下げる対策ができてより好ましい。
そこで、図４に示す逃し弁２３を設けたものにおいて、該減圧弁４と電磁開閉弁５との間に前記圧力センサ１８を設けると共に圧力センサ１８に異常圧力を検知したときこれを表示するブザー等の表示手段を設けた。
【００１８】
【発明の効果】
請求項１に記載の発明によるときは、燃焼器側に設定圧以上の燃料が流れることがなく、燃焼器側への燃料供給圧が増加し、燃焼器側に備える定油面器の安全装置が作動したり、安全装置が正しく作動しない場合は定油面器から燃料が溢れ出るといった不具合、又は、バーナへの燃料供給量が増え燃焼が不安定となるといった不具合を解消できる。
【００１９】
請求項２に記載の発明によるときは、前記圧力センサを利用して燃料切れを簡単に知ることができる。
【００２０】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明実施の形態の一例を示す側面図
【図２】減圧弁の拡大截断面図
【図３】作動回路図
【図４】他の実施の態様を示す要部の側面図
【符号の説明】
１油タンク２燃焼器３液体燃料供給管
４減圧弁５電磁開閉弁１８圧力センサー[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fuel supply structure for supplying a liquid fuel (mainly kerosene) to a combustor using a head from an oil tank.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a fuel supply structure in which a liquid fuel (mainly kerosene) is supplied to a combustor using a head from an oil tank installed 2.0 m or more higher than the installation surface of the combustor, an oil tank and a combustion tank are used. A pressure reducing valve for maintaining a constant supply pressure of fuel supplied to the combustor is interposed in a fuel supply pipe connected to the burner.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the pressure reducing action of the pressure reducing valve is reduced by foreign matter such as dust entering the fuel supply pipe, the pressure of the fuel in the fuel supply pipe downstream of the pressure reducing valve increases, thereby causing a problem in a combustor such as a pot burner. In other words, there is a problem that the safety device of the constant oil leveler provided on the combustor side operates or, if the safety device does not operate correctly, fuel overflows from the constant oil level unit.
[0004]
Also, in the case of a pressure spray type combustor such as a gun type, the pressure of the fuel on the primary side of the electromagnetic pump for pumping the fuel to the burner increases, and the fuel supply amount to the burner increases, resulting in abnormal combustion. There is a problem such as becoming.
An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 of the present application provides a fuel supply pipe that connects an oil tank and a combustor provided at a position lower than the oil tank with a pressure reducing valve and an electromagnetic on-off valve downstream of the pressure reducing valve. And a pressure sensor for detecting a fuel pressure in a fuel supply pipe on the downstream side of the pressure reducing valve. When the pressure sensor detects a pressure equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure set in the pressure reducing valve, the electromagnetic opening and closing is performed. By closing the valve, fuel having a pressure higher than the set pressure does not flow to the combustor side even if the pressure reducing action of the pressure reducing valve is reduced.
[0006]
The invention according to claim 2 of the present application is the invention according to claim 1, wherein when the sensor detects a pressure equal to or lower than a predetermined pressure lower than a set pressure set to a pressure reducing valve, the display means is operated. The running out of fuel can be easily known using the pressure sensor.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
In the drawing, 1 is an oil tank, 2 is a pot-type combustor and other liquid combustors installed at a lower position than the oil tank 1, 3 is a liquid fuel supply pipe connecting the oil tank 1 and the combustor 2, The oil tank 1 is installed 2.0 m or more higher than the installation surface of the combustor 2 and supplies liquid fuel (kerosene) to the combustor 2 by a head.
[0009]
Reference numeral 4 denotes a pressure reducing valve interposed in the fuel supply pipe 3 for determining the pressure of the fuel supplied to the combustor 2, and reference numeral 5 denotes an electromagnetic switching valve interposed downstream of the pressure reducing valve 4 of the fuel supply pipe 3. As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure reducing valve 4 includes a partition wall 9 for partitioning the inside of the valve housing 6 into a primary chamber 7 connected to the oil tank 1 and a secondary chamber 8 connected to the combustor 2, and a valve provided on the partition wall 9. The valve body 12 includes a hole 10 and a valve body 12 opposed to a valve seat 11 around the valve hole 10. The valve body 12 has a spring 13 that resiliently presses the valve body 11 toward the valve seat 11 and a secondary chamber 8. A diaphragm 14 acting in the direction of pressing the valve body 12 against the valve seat 11 by receiving the internal pressure, and a spring 15 resilient in a direction for separating the valve body 12 interposed on the back surface of the diaphragm 14 from the valve seat 11. The gap between the valve seat 11 and the valve body 12 is adjusted by the pressure balance between the spring 13, the spring 15, and the inside of the secondary chamber 8 acting on the diaphragm 14 to keep the pressure in the secondary chamber 8 constant. It becomes like this.
[0010]
However, when the pressure reducing action of the pressure reducing valve 4 decreases, for example, dust adheres to the gap between the valve seat 11 and the valve body 12 and the pressure reducing valve 4 cannot maintain the set gap, and the pressure reducing action of the pressure reducing valve 4 When the pressure in the secondary chamber 8 becomes equal to or higher than the pressure set by the pressure reducing valve 4, the amount of fuel supplied to the combustor 2 increases, causing a problem that fuel overflows.
[0011]
Therefore, a pressure sensor 18 for detecting the pressure of the fuel in the fuel supply pipe 3 between the pressure reducing valve 4 and the electromagnetic on-off valve 5 is provided, and the pressure in the liquid fuel supply pipe 3 detected by the pressure sensor 18 is reduced. When a pressure higher than a predetermined pressure (0.1 kg / cm ² ) set to the valve 4, for example, 0.2 kg / cm ² or more is detected, the electromagnetic on-off valve 5 is closed.
Reference numeral 16 denotes an adjusting screw for adjusting the spring pressure of the spring 13, and reference numeral 17 denotes a lid provided on the valve housing 6.
[0012]
The pressure sensor 18 includes a diaphragm having a strain gauge (not shown). The pressure sensor 18 applies a pressure in the secondary chamber 8 to one side of the diaphragm. A voltage change is detected, and the detected voltage is compared with a set voltage set at a set pressure of the pressure reducing valve 4. When the voltage detected by the pressure sensor 18 is high, the electromagnetic on-off valve 5 is closed. did.
[0013]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a combustor 2 such as a pot burner is provided. In this embodiment, an electromagnetic on-off valve 5 is interposed in a liquid fuel supply pipe 3. In the spray-type combustor 2, an electromagnetic on-off valve is built in an electromagnetic pump for pumping fuel to the burner, and the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed when a fire is extinguished. This electromagnetic on-off valve is closed when the pressure in the liquid fuel supply pipe 3 detected by the pressure sensor 18 detects a certain pressure higher than the set pressure set on the pressure reducing valve 4 in the same manner as described above. Also, even in the pressure spray type combustor 2, when the pressure reducing action of the pressure reducing valve 4 is reduced, the fuel at a certain pressure or higher is not supplied, and the abnormal fuel is supplied, so that the abnormal combustion is continued. Can be eliminated.
[0014]
When the fuel is exhausted from the oil tank 1 (out of fuel), the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 becomes significantly lower than the pressure set in the pressure reducing valve 4. If this is detected by the pressure sensor 18 and the display means 19, for example, a lamp is turned on or a buzzer sounds at the time of the detection, it is possible to easily notify the fuel shortage.
[0015]
Next, the operation circuit of the present apparatus is as shown in FIG.
The operation circuit includes an operation switch circuit 20, a CPU circuit 21, and an electromagnetic valve operation circuit 22. When an operation switch 20a provided in the operation switch circuit 20 is closed, a phototransistor PH1 provided in the circuit 20 emits light, The photocoupler ph1 provided in the CPU circuit 21 receives this light and puts the CPU circuit 21 into an operating state.
The input side of the CPU circuit 21 is provided with the pressure sensor 18 (which outputs a voltage change accompanying a pressure change as an analog signal), and the output side of the CPU circuit 21 is provided with a refueling lamp or buzzer 21 a and a solenoid valve operating circuit 22. And a relay RY1 that operates a relay contact ry1 interposed in the electromagnetic on-off valve 5 of the first embodiment.
[0016]
The operation will be described. If the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is within the set pressure range, the relay RY1 is excited and the relay contact ry1 is closed at the same time when the operation switch 20a is turned on. As a result, the solenoid on-off valve 5 opens. However, if the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 is higher than a certain pressure higher than the pressure set in the pressure reducing valve 4, for example, 0.2 kg / cm ² or more, and accordingly the output of the pressure sensor 18 becomes 4 V or more. Then, the output of the CPU circuit 21 is turned off, whereby the relay RY1 is demagnetized, the relay contact ry1 is opened, and the solenoid on-off valve 5 is closed.
In addition, the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 18 becomes lower than a predetermined pressure lower than the pressure set in the pressure reducing valve 4, for example, 0.02 kg / cm ² or less, and accordingly, the output of the pressure sensor 18 becomes 0.4 V or less. Then, the refueling lamp or buzzer 21a is turned on by the output of the CPU circuit 21 to notify the running out of oil.
[0017]
The electromagnetic on-off valve 5 is closed when the combustor 2 is not used for a long period of time to prevent fuel from flowing to the combustor side, and to prevent fuel from leaking from the combustor 2 side when not in use. In this device, the fuel is confined between the electromagnetic on-off valve 5 and the pressure reducing valve 4, and the confined fuel expands due to an increase in temperature and the like, and the pressure increases. Failures such as damaging the secondary side piping member occur. Therefore, the applicant of the present application has separately filed a relief valve 23 that allows the pressure on the secondary side of the pressure reducing valve 4 to flow upstream of the pressure reducing valve 4.
In this case, if the increase in the pressure can be sensed before the increase in the pressure is released by the relief valve 23, it is more preferable to take measures to reduce the pressure by opening the electromagnetic on-off valve 5 or the like.
Therefore, in the case where the relief valve 23 shown in FIG. 4 is provided, the pressure sensor 18 is provided between the pressure reducing valve 4 and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 5 and a buzzer for displaying the abnormal pressure when the pressure sensor 18 detects an abnormal pressure. And other display means.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, fuel above the set pressure does not flow to the combustor side, the fuel supply pressure to the combustor side increases, and the safety device for the constant oil leveler provided on the combustor side When the safety device does not operate properly or when the safety device does not operate properly, it is possible to solve a problem that fuel overflows from the oil level indicator, or a problem that fuel supply to the burner increases and combustion becomes unstable.
[0019]
According to the invention described in claim 2, it is possible to easily know that the fuel is running out by using the pressure sensor.
[0020]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a pressure reducing valve. FIG. 3 is an operation circuit diagram. FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part showing another embodiment. Explanation of code]
Reference Signs List 1 oil tank 2 combustor 3 liquid fuel supply pipe 4 pressure reducing valve 5 solenoid on-off valve 18 pressure sensor

Claims

A pressure reducing valve and an electromagnetic opening / closing valve downstream of the pressure reducing valve are interposed in a fuel supply pipe connecting the oil tank and a combustor provided at a position lower than the oil tank, and fuel supply downstream of the pressure reducing valve is provided. A fuel supply structure comprising: a pressure sensor for detecting a fuel pressure in a pipe; and when the pressure sensor detects a pressure equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure set to a pressure reducing valve, the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed.

2. The fuel supply structure according to claim 1, wherein when the sensor detects a pressure equal to or less than a predetermined pressure lower than a set pressure set in the pressure reducing valve, the display means is activated.